CN216566173U - Tree coat for preventing fruit trees from freezing damage and hail - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tree coat for preventing fruit trees from freezing damage and hail, in particular to a tree coat for preventing fruit trees from freezing damage and hail, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the method is suitable for the fruit growers to directionally and accurately prevent the freezing damage caused by cold current in the flowering phase and the young fruit phase of the fruit trees through a wrapping type hood-shaped isolation structure by manually assisting and electrically opening the fruit growers according to local weather forecast meteorological information when the early flowering, young fruit and growing phase of the agricultural fruit trees and rare ornamental economic crops meet the short-term low-temperature cold current or strong convection hail disasters. After the meteorological disaster is finished, the fruit grower can be quickly and electrically controlled to withdraw the fruit grower and continue to watch the orchard on duty. The utility model can effectively prevent 'frost flowers, frost fruits and damage to achievements' in advance, and is good equipment capable of actively resisting, accurately preventing, accurately reducing disasters, and relieving poverty and increasing income.

Description

Tree coat for preventing fruit trees from freezing damage and hail

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tree coat (hereinafter referred to as tree coat) for preventing frost damage and hail of fruit trees, in particular to a tree coat which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: is suitable for the effective prevention of 'flower freezing, fruit freezing and damage to fruit achievement' in advance when the 'early flowering, young fruit and growing period' of agricultural fruit trees and rare ornamental cash crops meet the short-term crossing low-temperature cold flow or strong convection hail disasters! The anti-freezing and anti-hail disaster reduction equipment is capable of actively resisting, accurately preventing and accurately reducing disasters, is shaped like clothes and is shaped like an umbrella, and can prevent frost damage and hail.

Background

The freeze injury is one of agricultural meteorological disasters, and when the water vapor saturation in the air reaches 100 percent and the environmental temperature is lower than the critical freezing point of crops or in a meteorological environment below 0 ℃, the water vapor is condensed on the surfaces of plants or freezes in the plants, and the plants are damaged by self dehydration after the air temperature rises.

Hail disasters are also one of agricultural meteorological disasters, and are the most common in summer or spring and summer handover, and are climatic phenomena that during the formation of strong convection rainstorm weather, raindrops are quickly condensed into large ice masses at high altitude when encountering rapidly descending cold air and fall to the ground, so that production and living goods are damaged, and crops are damaged.

In order to defend the meteorological disasters, people in agricultural departments and areas with high incidence of the meteorological disasters want a plurality of methods, select cold-resistant varieties according to local temperature conditions, and determine north planting boundaries and altitude upper limits of different crops. Meanwhile, anti-freezing cultivation measures are used, including timely sowing of overwintering crops, proper sowing depth, furrow sowing and timely irrigation of frozen water near the north border, timely pinching of fruit trees in summer, controlled irrigation in autumn, trimming before winter, covering in various forms, such as grape burying soil, wrapping of grass on fruit trees trunks, covering of citrus seedlings with grass curtains and wind barriers, covering of economic crops with plastic films and the like, have a good anti-freezing effect, but cannot solve the fundamental problem; in the aspect of hail suppression, the hail suppression net is used, the effect is good, but the construction difficulty is high, the terrain requirement is high, the use is not flexible, and the like, so that the possibility of large-area popularization and use is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a tree coat for preventing frost damage and hail of fruit trees, so as to prevent the fruit trees from suffering from meteorological disasters caused by short-term low-temperature cold flow and strong convection hail in the "flowering stage or young fruit stage".

The utility model can be used for long-term on-duty orchards, and fruit growers can manually assist and electrically open the orchards according to scientific meteorological information such as local weather forecast and the like in advance when objects are about to suffer from short-term cold weather disasters, and the appearance like clothes can directionally and accurately prevent freezing damage caused by cold currents in the flowering stage and the young fruit stage of fruit trees through the wrapping type hood-shaped isolation structure. When hail disasters are prevented, the utility model can be remotely opened within one minute, and the appearance like an umbrella buffers and resists physical vertical attack of hail by utilizing an umbrella-shaped elastic barrier structure, thereby reducing the degree of crop disaster. After the meteorological disaster is finished, the fruit grower can quickly and electrically control to withdraw the tree clothing and continue to watch the orchard on duty.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following specific technical scheme:

the utility model provides a tree clothing that fruit tree was prevented frostbite, was prevented hail, its major structure by the liftable protect high hunch top cap A, I-shaped spool B, hollow transmission shaft C, spacing axle core D, skirt formula software tree cover E, top cap auto-lock driving motor F, spool auto-lock driving motor G, base main part H, flexible umbelliform elastic support I, height-adjustable hollow bracing piece J and "control circuit" constitute:

the liftable protection high arch top cover A comprises a top cover, a nut lifting pipe, a shaft cover fixing screw, a top cover internal spline and a rubber comb guide ring;

the I-shaped reel B comprises a reel main body, a reel bearing, a hanging buckle and a reel gear ring:

the hollow transmission shaft C comprises a hollow transmission shaft body, a thread lifting shaft head and a transmission shaft gear;

the limiting shaft core D comprises a limiting shaft core, an external spline and a sliding groove square cylinder;

the skirt type soft tree cover E comprises a skirt type soft tree cover main body, a hook binding rope and a water storage tank;

the top cover self-locking driving motor comprises a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor and a motor gear;

the reel self-locking driving motor G comprises a reel self-locking driving motor and a motor gear;

the base main body H comprises a base, a transmission shaft bearing and an umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing and clamping hole;

the flexible umbrella-shaped elastic bracket I comprises an umbrella-shaped elastic bracket slender rod and an umbrella bead with holes;

the height-adjustable hollow support rod J comprises a support rod, a lifting sleeve and a locking bolt;

a box body consisting of a top cover (1) and a base (23) is arranged at the top end of a supporting rod (28) containing a lifting sleeve (29) and a locking bolt (30), a transmission shaft bearing (24) and an umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing clamping hole (25) are respectively arranged at the central bottom and the edge of the base (23), a plurality of flexible umbrella-shaped elastic support thin rods (26) containing umbrella beads (27) with holes are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing clamping hole (25) in a divergent mode, two power driving devices, namely a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) and a scroll self-locking driving motor (21), are arranged on the base (23) and are connected with a control circuit, and the control circuit consists of a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19), a scroll self-locking driving motor (21), a DC (direct current) power supply, a power polarity switch K1 (containing a contact 1, a contact point and a contact point, The switch comprises a contact 2, a contact 3, a contact 4 and a contact 5), a self-resetting normally open contact switch K2, a single-pass double-contact switch K3 (comprising a contact 6 and a contact 7), a self-resetting press-breaking normally closed switch K4 and a self-resetting press-breaking normally closed switch K5 which are connected through a lead. A motor gear (20) on the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) is linked with the hollow driving shaft body (10) through a transmission shaft gear (12), and a motor gear (22) on the scroll self-locking driving motor (21) is linked with the scroll (6) through a scroll gear ring (9); a limit shaft core (13) is movably installed in the center of the base (23) in a penetrating mode, the limit shaft core (13) is of a structure that the upper end is an external spline (14), the middle part is a circular shaft-shaped shaft body, and the lower end is a square cylinder (15) with a sliding groove, wherein the upper end face and the lower end face of the groove in the square cylinder (15) with the sliding groove respectively form a travel switch circuit with a self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally closed switch K4 and a self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally closed switch K5 in a control circuit; the outer side of a limiting shaft core (13) is movably sleeved with a hollow transmission shaft body (10) of which the top end is provided with an external thread lifting shaft head (11) and the middle part is provided with a transmission shaft gear (12), the outer side of the hollow transmission shaft body (10) is sleeved with a scroll bearing (7) and a scroll (6), the upper end of the outer side of the scroll (6) is fixed by a hanging buckle (8) and a hook binding rope (17) and is wound with a skirt-type soft tree cover main body (16), and a water storage tank (18) is designed on the skirt-type soft tree cover main body (16); the design of top cap (1) lower border inboard has rubber comb guide ring (5), nut fall way (2) on top cap (1) and screw thread lift spindle nose (11) spiral slip combination on the hollow transmission axis body (10), simultaneously, top cap internal spline (4) on top cap (1) are fixed through outer spline (14) on screw (3) and spacing axle core (13), make top cap (1) and spacing axle core (13) become an organic whole, the combination of radially sliding from top to bottom is realized with base (23) center quad slit to the square cylinder of the recess that slides (15) of rethread spacing axle core (13) lower extreme, finally make above-mentioned all parts form the linkage wholly.

The tree coat with the functions of preventing frost damage and hail damage of the fruit trees has the main structure component linkage relationship that:

the positive pole of the DC direct current power supply is connected with a power polarity change-over switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 3), a self-reset normally-open contact switch K2, a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor, a self-reset press-off normally-closed switch K4 and a power polarity change-over switch K1 (contact 5 → contact 2) through wires, the negative pole of the DC direct current power supply forms a loop, the self-reset normally-open contact switch K2 is closed, the loop is electrified, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor on the base rotates anticlockwise due to the power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, the composition relation of the main body structural components is known, when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor and the motor gear rotate anticlockwise (overlook from top to bottom), the hollow transmission shaft body and the thread lifting spindle head are driven to synchronously rotate clockwise through the linkage of the transmission shaft gear, and when the thread lifting spindle head rotates clockwise, the nut lifting pipe on the top cover is driven to lift up, and then the top cover, the limiting shaft core and the sliding groove square column body at the lower end of the limiting shaft core are driven to synchronously ascend, when the top cover, the limiting shaft core and the sliding groove square column body synchronously ascend to a preset opening position, the lower end face of the sliding groove square column body extrudes the self-resetting press-breaking type normally-closed switch K4 on the base to be disconnected due to ascending, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor stops rotating, and the top cover ascends and is opened. Meanwhile, the positive pole of the DC power supply forms a loop with a power polarity switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 3), a reel self-locking driving motor, a single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 6) and a DC power supply negative pole through wires and with a power polarity switch K1 (contact 5 → contact 2). When the single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 6) is closed, the loop is electrified, the reel self-locking driving motor on the base rotates clockwise due to the corresponding power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, and the reel self-locking driving motor and the motor gear rotate clockwise to drive the reel gear ring on the reel to rotate clockwise, so that the reel and the skirt-type soft tree cover body fixedly wound on the reel are driven to rotate clockwise to be opened dispersedly.

When the positive pole of the DC direct current power supply forms a loop with a power polarity change-over switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 4), a self-resetting press-off type normally closed switch K5, a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor, a self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2, a power polarity change-over switch K1 (contact 3 → contact 2) and the negative pole of the DC direct current power supply, the self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2 is closed, the loop is electrified, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor on the base rotates clockwise due to the corresponding power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, and the main structural components form a relationship, when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor and the motor gear rotate clockwise (overlooking from top to bottom), the hollow transmission shaft body and the thread lifting synchronous shaft head can be driven to rotate anticlockwise through the linkage of the transmission shaft gear, and when the thread lifting synchronous shaft head rotates anticlockwise, the nut lifting pipe on the top cover can be driven to descend, and then the top cover, the limiting shaft core and the sliding groove square column at the lower end of the limiting shaft core are driven to synchronously descend, when the top cover, the limiting shaft core and the sliding groove square column descend to a preset opening position, the upper end surface of the sliding groove square column extrudes a self-resetting press-breaking type normally closed switch K5 on the base to be disconnected due to descending, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor stops rotating, and the top cover descends and is closed. Meanwhile, the positive pole of the DC direct current power supply forms a loop with a power polarity change-over switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 4), a single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7), a scroll self-locking driving motor and a power polarity change-over switch K1 (contact 3 → contact 2) and the negative pole of the DC direct current power supply through wires, when the single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7) is closed, the loop is electrified, the scroll self-locking driving motor on the base rotates anticlockwise due to the reverse power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, the scroll self-locking driving motor and the motor gear rotate anticlockwise to drive a scroll gear ring on the scroll to rotate anticlockwise so as to drive the scroll and the skirt soft tree cover body fixedly wound on the scroll to rotate and wind and retract anticlockwise, wherein the lower edge of the top cover along the inner rubber comb guide ring and the upper edge of the base are combined in a friction rolling way, so that the skirt soft tree cover body is wound and retracted, the effect of the auxiliary winding and recovery of the blocking property is achieved.

The DC power supply is powered by a solar battery, a mobile storage battery and an external power supply. The control modes of the self-reset normally open contact switch K2, the closed single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 6) and the closed single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7) can be controlled by a manual wire control panel, a remote controller and a wireless centralized remote control.

The advantages and the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1. when short-term passing cold flows come, fruit growers can quickly wear tree coats on fruit tree economic crops in advance according to scientific meteorological information such as local weather forecast and the like, the shapes of the tree coats are like coats, and the fruit tree economic crops can be accurately prevented from freezing damage caused by the short-term cold flows in the flowering stage and the young fruit stage of the fruit trees through the soft tree coat cover-shaped wrapping isolation structure.

2. When hail disasters are about to occur, remote instant control is carried out, the tree coat is opened within 1min, the shape of the tree coat is like an umbrella, and the vertical attack of hail is blocked, buffered and resisted by utilizing an umbrella-shaped elastic structure, so that the hail disasters of fruit trees in a growth period are reduced.

3. The utility model takes a single crop as an independent service object, is suitable for fruit trees planted in various terrains, can selectively prepare tree coats aiming at fruit trees with strong tree bodies and good varieties, reduces the investment cost of agricultural materials, and increases the income of farmers.

4. The tree coat is protected by an aluminum alloy or high-strength plastic shell, has the functions of small volume, light weight, sun protection, water prevention, corrosion prevention, insect prevention and mildew prevention, can be put on duty in an orchard for a long time, can be opened and retracted at any time, and is convenient to use.

5. The non-disposable disaster prevention and reduction facility can be repeatedly used for many years, and the tree clothing is made of high-strength tear-resistant light, smooth, light-transmitting, waterproof and mildew-proof ultrathin polyester-silk fabric or plastic film, can be replaced when the clothing is damaged or old and weathered, and has low comprehensive cost.

6. Compared with the conventional measures for preventing and controlling freezing damage and hail disasters, the method is simple, direct, efficient and accurate in targeted prevention, and blocks and reduces loss caused by meteorological disasters from the source.

7. The utility model is controlled by semi-automatic electric control, has simple operation, and can quickly finish the tree clothing installation and recovery work by one or two persons.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the components of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the limiting shaft core D of the utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the use principle of the present invention in "on duty orchard, frost damage prevention, hail prevention", wherein fig. a is a schematic view of the state of the on duty orchard before frost damage prevention and hail prevention of fruit trees; FIG. b is a schematic view of the use state of fruit trees for preventing frost damage; and the figure c is a schematic view of the using state of the fruit tree in hail suppression.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

(1) the utility model provides a tree clothing that fruit tree was prevented frostbite, was prevented hail, its major structure by the liftable protect high hunch top cap A, I-shaped spool B, hollow transmission shaft C, spacing axle core D, skirt formula software tree cover E, top cap auto-lock driving motor F, spool auto-lock driving motor G, base main part H, flexible umbelliform elastic support I, height-adjustable hollow bracing piece J and "control circuit" constitute:

the liftable protection high arch top cover A comprises a top cover, a nut lifting pipe, a shaft cover fixing screw, a top cover internal spline and a rubber comb guide ring;

the I-shaped reel B comprises a reel main body, a reel bearing, a hanging buckle and a reel gear ring:

the hollow transmission shaft C comprises a hollow transmission shaft body, a thread lifting shaft head and a transmission shaft gear;

the limiting shaft core D comprises a limiting shaft core, an external spline and a sliding groove square column body;

the skirt type soft tree cover E comprises a skirt type soft tree cover main body, a hook binding rope and a water storage tank;

the top cover self-locking driving motor F comprises a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor and a motor gear;

the reel self-locking driving motor G comprises a reel self-locking driving motor and a motor gear;

the base main body H comprises a base, a transmission shaft bearing and an umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing and clamping hole;

the flexible umbrella-shaped elastic bracket I comprises an umbrella-shaped elastic bracket slender rod and an umbrella bead with holes;

the height-adjustable hollow support rod J comprises a support rod, a lifting sleeve and a locking bolt;

as shown in fig. 2; a box body consisting of a top cover 1 and a base 23 is arranged at the top end of a supporting rod 28 containing a lifting sleeve 29 and a locking bolt 30, a transmission shaft bearing 24 and an umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing clamping hole 25 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the center and the edge of the base 23, a plurality of flexible umbrella-shaped elastic support thin rods 26 containing umbrella beads 27 with holes are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing clamping hole 25 in a divergent mode, and two power driving devices, namely a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 and a scroll self-locking driving motor 21, are arranged on the base 23 and are connected with a control circuit. The control circuit is formed by connecting a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19, a reel self-locking driving motor 21, a DC (direct current) power supply, a power polarity switching switch K1 (comprising a contact 1, a contact 2, a contact 3, a contact 4 and a contact 5), a self-resetting normally open contact switch K2, a single-pass double-contact switch K3 (comprising a contact 6 and a contact 7), a self-resetting press-breaking normally closed switch K4 and a self-resetting press-breaking normally closed switch K5 through a lead as shown in figure 3. As shown in fig. 2, a motor gear 20 on a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 is linked with a hollow transmission shaft body 10 through a transmission shaft gear 12, and a motor gear 22 on a reel self-locking driving motor 21 is linked with a reel 6 through a reel gear ring 9; a limit shaft core 13 is movably installed in the center of the base 23 in a penetrating manner, as shown in fig. 4, the limit shaft core 13 is of a structure with an external spline 14 at the upper end, a round shaft-shaped shaft body at the middle part and a sliding groove square column body 15 at the lower end, wherein the upper end surface and the lower end surface of a groove on the sliding groove square column body 15 respectively form a travel switch circuit with a self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally closed switch K4 and a self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally closed switch K5 in a 'control circuit'; a hollow transmission shaft body 10 with an external thread lifting shaft head 11 at the top end and a transmission shaft gear 12 at the middle part is movably sleeved outside the limiting shaft core 13, a scroll bearing 7 and a scroll 6 are sleeved outside the hollow transmission shaft body 10, the upper end of the outside of the scroll 6 is fixed by a hanging buckle 8 and a hook binding rope 17 and is wound with a skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16, and a water storage tank 18 is designed on the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16; the design of the inboard rubber comb guide ring 5 of following edge under the top cap 1, nut fall way 2 on the top cap 1 and the spiral slip combination of screw thread lift spindle nose 11 on the hollow transmission axis body 10, and simultaneously, top cap internal spline 4 on the top cap 1 is fixed with the external spline 14 on the spacing axle core 13 through the axle cap fixed screw 3, make top cap 1 and spacing axle core 13 become an organic whole, the combination of radially sliding from top to bottom is realized with base 23 center quad slit to the recess square column 15 that slides of rethread spacing axle core 13 lower extreme, finally make all above-mentioned parts form the linkage wholly.

The linkage relation of the rising of the top cover of the tree clothing and the unfolding of the tree cover is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3; the positive pole of the DC direct current power supply is connected with the contact 1 of the power polarity change-over switch K1 → the contact 3, the self-reset normally-open contact switch K2, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) and the self-reset press-break normally-closed switch K4 through wires, the contact 5 of the power polarity change-over switch K1 → the contact 2 and the negative pole of the DC direct current power supply form a loop, the self-reset normally-open contact switch K2 is closed, the loop is electrified, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 on the base 23 rotates anticlockwise due to the power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, the composition relation of the main structural components is known, when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 and the motor gear 20 rotate anticlockwise (from top to bottom), the hollow transmission shaft body 10 and the thread lifting spindle head 11 are driven to synchronously rotate clockwise through the linkage of the transmission shaft gear 12 in the figure 2, when the thread lifting spindle head 11 rotates clockwise, the nut lifting pipe 2 on the top cover 1 is driven to ascend, the top cover 1, the limiting shaft core 13 and the sliding groove square column body 15 at the lower end of the limiting shaft core 13 are driven to ascend synchronously, when the top cover 1, the limiting shaft core 13 and the sliding groove square column body 15 ascend synchronously to a preset opening position, the lower end face of the sliding groove square column body 15 extrudes the self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally closed switch K4 on the base 23 to be disconnected due to ascending, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 stops rotating, and the top cover 1 ascends and is opened completely. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 3; the positive pole of the DC power supply forms a loop with the contact 1 → the contact 3 of the power polarity switch K1, the reel self-locking driving motor 21, the contact 6 of the single-pass double-contact switch K3, the contact 5 → the contact 2 of the power polarity switch K1 and the negative pole of the DC power supply through wires. When contact 6 of the single-pass, double-contact switch K3 is closed, the circuit is energized. As shown in fig. 2, the reel self-locking driving motor 21 on the base 23 rotates clockwise due to the corresponding power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, and the reel self-locking driving motor 21 and the motor gear 22 rotate clockwise, so as to drive the reel gear ring 9 on the reel 6 to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the reel 6 and the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16 fixedly wound on the reel 6 to rotate clockwise and be opened dispersedly.

The linkage relationship of the descending of the top cover of the tree clothing and the withdrawing of the tree cover is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3; when the positive pole of the DC direct current power supply forms a loop with the contact 1 → the contact 4 of the power polarity changeover switch K1, the self-resetting press-off type normally closed switch K5, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor, the self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2, the contact 3 → the contact 2 of the power polarity changeover switch K1 and the negative pole of the DC direct current power supply through a lead, the self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2 is closed, the loop is electrified, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 on the base 23 rotates clockwise due to the corresponding power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, the composition relation of the main body structural components is known, when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 and the motor gear 20 rotate clockwise (from top to bottom in overlooking) in the figure 2, the hollow transmission shaft body 10 and the thread lifting spindle head 11 are driven to synchronously rotate anticlockwise through the linkage of the transmission shaft gear 12, and when the thread lifting spindle head 11 rotates anticlockwise, the nut lifting pipe 2 on the top cover 1 is driven to descend, the top cover 1, the limiting shaft core 13 and the sliding groove square column 15 at the lower end of the limiting shaft core 13 are driven to descend synchronously, and when the top cover 1, the limiting shaft core 13 and the sliding groove square column 15 descend to a preset opening position, the upper end face of the sliding groove square column 15 extrudes the self-resetting press-breaking type normally-closed switch K5 on the base 23 to be disconnected due to descending. The top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 stops rotating, and the top cover 1 is lowered and closed. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode of the DC power supply forms a loop with the power polarity switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 4), the single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7), the reel self-locking driving motor 21, the power polarity switch K1 (contact 3 → contact 2) and the negative electrode of the DC power supply through wires, when the single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7) is closed, the loop is electrified, as the reel self-locking driving motor 21 on the base 23 in fig. 2 rotates counterclockwise due to the reverse power supply of the positive and negative electrodes, the reel self-locking driving motor 21 and the motor gear 22 rotate counterclockwise, and drive the reel ring gear 9 on the reel 6 to rotate counterclockwise, so as to drive the reel 6 and the skirt-type soft tree cover body 16 fixedly wound on the reel 6 to rotate counterclockwise and retract, wherein the lower edge of the top cover 1 along the inner side of the rubber comb guide ring 5 and the upper edge of the base 23 are combined in a friction rolling manner, so that the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16 plays a role of blocking to assist winding and retracting in the winding and retracting process.

The DC direct current power supply is powered by a solar battery, a mobile storage battery or an external power supply. The control modes of the self-reset normally open contact switch K2, the closed single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 6) and the closed single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7) can be controlled by a manual wire control panel, a remote controller and a wireless centralized remote control.

The installation and the use of the tree coat for preventing frost damage and hail of the fruit tree are carried out by the following four steps:

(1) the tree clothing is installed and prepared in an on-duty orchard before freezing damage and hail prevention of fruit trees:

as shown in figure 5, the height-adjustable hollow support rod J is vertically and fixedly installed at the center of the main rod of the fruit tree, the height is adjusted, a box body (containing components such as an I-shaped scroll B, a hollow transmission shaft C, a limiting shaft core D, a skirt-type soft tree cover E, a top cover self-locking driving motor F, a scroll self-locking driving motor G and a bendable umbrella-shaped elastic support I) consisting of a liftable protective high arch top cover A and a base main body H, which are installed at the top end of the height-adjustable hollow support rod J, is placed at a proper height at the center top end of the fruit tree, the bendable umbrella-shaped elastic support I on the outer edge of the base main body H is manually bent into an arc shape and is manually wound and fixed on the outer branch of the fruit tree, so that the bendable umbrella-shaped elastic support I and the outer branch of the fruit tree form a lantern-shaped support structure, and the installation preparation is completed.

(2) Preventing frost damage of fruit trees:

when a short-time cross-border cold flow is about to come, fruit growers need to open tree coats of the 'on-duty orchard' in advance according to scientific weather information such as local weather forecast and the like; at the moment, the top cover 1 of the 'freeze damage and hail-proof tree coat' in the on-duty orchard is in a descending and closing state. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the DC power supply is first turned on, so that the positive electrode of the DC power supply forms a loop with the power polarity switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 3), the self-resetting normally-open contact switch K2, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19, the self-resetting press-off normally-closed switch K4, the power polarity switch K1 (contact 5 → contact 2), and the negative electrode of the DC power supply through wires. At this time, the manual closing self-reset normally open contact switch K2 is performed, the loop is powered on, as shown in fig. 2, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 on the base 23 rotates counterclockwise due to the power supplied by the positive and negative electrodes in opposite directions, it can be known from the linkage relationship of the above components that when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 and the motor gear 20 rotate counterclockwise (overlooking from top to bottom), the hollow driving shaft body 10 and the thread lifting spindle head 11 are driven to rotate clockwise in synchronization by the linkage of the driving shaft gear 12, and when the thread lifting spindle head 11 rotates clockwise, the nut lifting pipe 2 on the top cover 1 is driven to ascend, and further the sliding groove square column 15 at the lower end of the top cover 1, the limiting spindle core 13 and the limiting spindle core 13 is driven to ascend synchronously, and when the top cover 1, the limiting spindle core 13 and the sliding groove square column 15 ascend to a predetermined opening position, the lower end face of the sliding groove square column 15 extrudes the self-reset pressure normally open switch K4 on the base 23 due to ascend And (4) disconnecting, stopping the rotation of the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19, and finishing the lifting and opening of the top cover 1. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode of the DC power supply forms a loop with the power polarity switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 3), the reel self-locking drive motor 21, the one-way double-contact switch K3 (contact 6), the power polarity switch K1 (contact 5 → contact 2), and the negative electrode of the DC power supply through wires. When the single-pass, double-contact switch K3 (contact 6) is manually closed, the circuit is energized. As shown in fig. 1, the reel self-locking driving motor 21 and the motor gear 22 on the base 23 rotate clockwise due to the corresponding positive and negative poles, when the motor gear 22 rotates clockwise, the reel gear ring 9 on the reel 6 is driven to rotate clockwise, so as to drive the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16 fixed on the reel 6 to slide and expand around along the thin rod 26 of the flexible umbrella-shaped elastic support installed in advance, the reel self-locking driving motor 21 is continuously controlled to rotate, the size of the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16 which slides and expands is adjusted to a state that a fruit tree can be completely wrapped by manual assistance, the binding rope is contracted, the lower edge of the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16 is fixed on the trunk at the lower end of the fruit tree, or a heavy object is pressed to the ground along the edge of the tree cover, and the anti-freezing function of the fruit tree is completed. At this time, the top cover 1 is closed, the power polarity switching switch K1 is switched, so that the positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected with the power polarity switching switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 4), the self-resetting press-off type normally closed switch K5, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19, the self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2, the power polarity switching switch K1 (contact 3 → contact 2) and the negative electrode of the DC power supply through wires to form a loop, and at this time, the self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2 is manually closed, and the loop is electrified. As shown in fig. 2, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 on the base 23 rotates clockwise due to the corresponding positive and negative power supplies, and the linkage relationship of the above components shows that when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 and the motor gear 20 rotate clockwise (from top to bottom in a top view), the hollow driving shaft 10 and the threaded lifting spindle head 11 are driven to rotate counterclockwise synchronously through the linkage of the transmission shaft gear 12, and when the threaded lifting spindle head 11 rotates counterclockwise, the nut lifting tube 2 on the top cover 1 is driven to descend, thereby driving the top cover 1, the limiting spindle core 13 and the sliding groove square column 15 at the lower end of the limiting spindle core 13 to descend, and when the top cover 1, the limiting spindle core 13 and the sliding groove square column 15 descend to a predetermined opening position, the upper end surface of the sliding groove square column 15 pushes the self-resetting pressure-breaking normally-closed switch K5 on the base 23 to be disconnected due to descent, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 stops rotating, and the top cover 1 is lowered and closed. At the moment, the installed tree coat with the shape like a coat is prevented from freezing damage by cold currents in the flowering phase and the young fruit phase of the fruit trees in a directional and accurate manner through the wrapping type cover-shaped isolation structure.

(3) Fruit tree hail prevention:

when the short-time over-environment strong convection hail weather is about to attack, a fruit grower needs to remotely open the tree clothing of the 'on duty orchard' within 1 minute, firstly, a DC direct-current power supply needs to be intensively connected in advance, as shown in fig. 3, the positive pole of the DC direct-current power supply forms a loop with a power polarity switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 3), a self-reset normally open contact switch K2, a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19, a self-reset pressure-cut normally closed switch K4, a power polarity switch K1 (contact 5 → contact 2) and the negative pole of the DC direct-current power supply through wires, and when the self-reset normally open contact switch K2 is remotely controlled, the loop is electrified. As shown in fig. 2, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 on the base 23 rotates counterclockwise due to the power supplied by the positive and negative poles, and the linkage relationship of the above components shows that when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 and the motor gear 20 rotate counterclockwise (from top to bottom), the hollow driving shaft 10 and the threaded lifting spindle 11 are driven to synchronously rotate clockwise by the linkage of the driving shaft gear 12, and when the threaded lifting spindle 11 rotates clockwise, the nut lifting tube 2 on the top cover 1 is driven to ascend, and further the top cover 1, the limiting spindle core 13 and the sliding groove square column 15 at the lower end of the limiting spindle core 13 are driven to ascend, and when the top cover 1, the limiting spindle core 13 and the sliding groove square column 15 ascend to a predetermined opening position, the lower end face of the sliding groove square column 15 pushes the self-resetting pressure-breaking normally-closed switch K4 on the base 23 to be turned off due to ascending, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 stops rotating, and the top cover 1 is lifted and opened. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, the positive pole of the DC power supply forms a loop with the power polarity changeover switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 3), the reel self-locking drive motor 21, the one-way double-contact switch K3 (contact 6), the power polarity changeover switch K1 (contact 5 → contact 2), and the negative pole of the DC power supply through wires. When the single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 6) is closed by remote control, the loop is powered on, as shown in fig. 2, the reel self-locking driving motor 21 and the motor gear 22 on the base 23 rotate clockwise due to the corresponding power supply of the positive and negative poles, when the motor gear 22 rotates clockwise, the reel gear ring 9 on the reel 6 is driven to rotate clockwise, so as to drive the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16 fixed on the reel 6 to slide and expand around along the flexible umbrella-shaped elastic support slender rod 26 which is installed in advance, when the skirt-type soft tree cover main body 16 which slides and expands completely, the shape is like an umbrella-shaped structure, rainwater is mixed with hail and falls to the ground, the rainwater firstly fills the lower edge of the skirt-type tree cover of the bell-shaped structure along the water storage tank 18, the tree cover can be prevented from being lifted by strong wind under the gravity of the rainwater, and the hail-proof function of the fruit tree is completely opened. At this time, the power polarity switch K1 is switched remotely, as shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected to the power polarity switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 4), the self-resetting press-off normally closed switch K5, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19, the self-resetting normally open contact switch K2, the power polarity switch K1 (contact 3 → contact 2), and the negative electrode of the DC power supply through a wire to form a loop, at this time, the self-resetting normally open contact switch K2 is closed remotely, the loop is powered on, as shown in fig. 2, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 on the base 23 rotates clockwise due to the corresponding power supply of the positive and negative electrodes, and as shown by the linkage relationship of the above components, when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 and the motor gear 20 rotate clockwise (from top to bottom), the transmission shaft gear 12 is linked to drive the transmission shaft 10 and the screw thread lifting spindle head 11 to rotate synchronously counterclockwise, when the threaded lifting spindle head 11 rotates anticlockwise, the nut lifting pipe 2 on the top cover 1 is driven to descend, and then the sliding groove square cylinder 15 at the lower ends of the top cover 1, the limiting shaft core 13 and the limiting shaft core 13 is driven to descend, when the top cover 1, the limiting shaft core 13 and the sliding groove square cylinder 15 descend to a preset opening position, the upper end face of the sliding groove square cylinder 15 extrudes the self-reset press-break type normally closed switch K5 on the base 23 to be disconnected due to descending, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor 19 stops rotating, and the top cover 1 finishes descending and closing. At the moment, the shape of the installed tree coat for preventing frost damage and hail is like an umbrella, and the physical vertical attack of hail is buffered and resisted by utilizing an umbrella-shaped elastic barrier structure, so that the disaster degree of crops is reduced.

(4) Recovering the tree clothing:

when the fruit grower recovers the tree coat after passing the cold flow and the strong convection hail weather for a short time, the top cover 1 of the tree coat for preventing frost damage and hail is in a lower closing state, as shown in fig. 3, the positive pole of the DC direct current power supply forms a loop with the power polarity switch K1 (contact 1 → contact 4), the single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7), the reel self-locking driving motor 21 forms a loop with the power polarity switch K1 (contact 3 → contact 2) and the negative pole of the DC direct current power supply through wires, the contraction rope at the lower edge of the skirt type soft tree cover E is untied (the fruit tree hail prevention function does not have the operation), when the single-pass double-contact switch K3 (contact 7) is closed, the loop is electrified, for example, the reel self-locking driving motor 21 on the base 23 in fig. 2 rotates counterclockwise due to the power supply of the positive and negative poles, and the reel self-locking driving motor 21 and the motor gear 22 rotate counterclockwise, the gear 9 on the reel 6 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the scroll 6 and the skirt type soft tree cover main body 16 fixedly wound on the scroll 6 to be wound and retracted anticlockwise, wherein the rubber comb guide ring 5 at the inner side of the lower edge of the top cover 1 and the upper edge of the base 23 are combined in a rolling way, so that the skirt type soft tree cover main body 16 plays a role in the auxiliary winding of the blocking property in the winding and retracting process.

Claims (2)

1. A tree coat for preventing fruit trees from freezing damage and hail, which comprises a main body structure consisting of a liftable protective high arch top cover A, an I-shaped scroll B, a hollow transmission shaft C, a limiting shaft core D, a skirt-type soft tree cover E, a top cover self-locking driving motor F, a scroll self-locking driving motor G, a base main body H, a bendable umbrella-shaped elastic support I, a height-adjustable hollow support rod J and a control circuit;

the liftable protection high arch top cover A comprises a top cover (1), a nut lifting pipe (2), screws (3), a top cover internal spline (4) and a rubber comb guide ring (5);

the I-shaped reel B comprises a reel (6), a reel bearing (7), a hanging buckle (8) and a reel gear ring (9);

the hollow transmission shaft C comprises a hollow transmission shaft body (10), a thread lifting shaft head (11) and a transmission shaft gear (12);

the limiting shaft core D comprises a limiting shaft core (13), an external spline (14) and a sliding groove square column body (15);

the skirt type soft tree cover E comprises a skirt type soft tree cover main body (16), a hook binding rope (17) and a water storage tank (18);

the top cover self-locking driving motor F comprises a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) and a motor gear (20);

the reel self-locking driving motor G comprises a reel self-locking driving motor (21) and a motor gear (22);

the base main body H comprises a base (23), a transmission shaft bearing (24) and an umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing clamping hole (25);

the flexible umbrella-shaped elastic bracket I comprises an umbrella-shaped elastic bracket slender rod (26) and an umbrella bead (27) with holes;

the height-adjustable hollow support rod J comprises a support rod (28), a lifting sleeve (29) and a locking bolt (30);

it is characterized in that a box body consisting of a top cover (1) and a base (23) is arranged at the top end of a supporting rod (28) containing a lifting sleeve (29) and a locking bolt (30), a transmission shaft bearing (24) and an umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing clamping hole (25) are respectively arranged at the central bottom and the edge of the base (23), a plurality of flexible umbrella-shaped elastic support thin rods (26) containing umbrella beads (27) with holes are uniformly and fixedly arranged on the umbrella-shaped elastic support fixing clamping hole (25) in a divergent mode, two power driving devices, namely a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) and a scroll self-locking driving motor (21), are arranged on the base (23) and are connected with a control circuit, and the control circuit consists of the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19), the scroll self-locking driving motor (21), a DC power supply and a contact 1 of a power supply polarity switch K1, The contact 2, the contact 3, the contact 4, the contact 5, the self-resetting normally open contact switch K2, the contact 6 of the single-pass double-contact switch K3, the contact 7, the self-resetting press-breaking normally closed switch K4 and the self-resetting press-breaking normally closed switch K5 are connected through a wire; a motor gear (20) on the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) is linked with the hollow driving shaft body (10) through a transmission shaft gear (12), and a motor gear (22) on the scroll self-locking driving motor (21) is linked with the scroll (6) through a scroll gear ring (9); a limit shaft core (13) is movably installed in the center of the base (23) in a penetrating mode, the limit shaft core (13) is of a structure with an external spline (14) at the upper end, a round shaft-shaped shaft body at the middle part and a sliding groove square column body (15) at the lower end, and the upper end face and the lower end face of a groove in the sliding groove square column body (15) respectively form a travel switch circuit with a self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally closed switch K4 and a self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally closed switch K5 in a control circuit; the outer side of a limiting shaft core (13) is movably sleeved with a hollow transmission shaft body (10) of which the top end is provided with an external thread lifting shaft head (11) and the middle part is provided with a transmission shaft gear (12), the outer side of the hollow transmission shaft body (10) is sleeved with a scroll bearing (7) and a scroll (6), the upper end of the outer side of the scroll (6) is fixed by a hanging buckle (8) and a hook binding rope (17) and is wound with a skirt-type soft tree cover main body (16), and a water storage tank (18) is designed on the skirt-type soft tree cover main body (16); there is rubber comb guide ring (5) along inboard design below top cap (1), nut fall way (2) on top cap (1) and screw lift spindle nose (11) spiral slip combination on the hollow drive axis body (10), simultaneously, top cap internal spline (4) on top cap (1) are fixed through outer spline (14) on screw (3) and spacing axle core (13), make top cap (1) and spacing axle core (13) become an organic whole, radial upper and lower slip combination is realized with base (23) center quad slit in the square cylinder of the recess that slides (15) of rethread spacing axle core (13) lower extreme, it is whole that all above-mentioned parts form the linkage finally.

2. The fruit tree anti-freeze damage and anti-hail tree coat as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the positive pole of the DC direct current power supply is connected with a contact 1 → 3 of a power polarity change-over switch K1 through a lead, a self-reset normally-open contact switch K2, a top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) and a self-reset press-break normally-closed switch K4 through leads, a contact 5 → a contact 2 of a power polarity change-over switch K1 and a negative pole of the DC direct current power supply form a loop, the self-reset normally-open contact switch K2 is closed, the loop is electrified, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) on the base (23) rotates anticlockwise due to the fact that the positive pole and the negative pole supply power, and through the composition relation of the main body structural components, when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) and the motor gear (20) rotate anticlockwise, the hollow transmission shaft body (10) and the thread lifting shaft head (11) are driven to synchronously rotate clockwise through linkage of the transmission shaft gear (12); when the threaded lifting shaft head (11) rotates clockwise, the nut lifting pipe (2) on the top cover (1) is driven to rise, and then the top cover (1), the limiting shaft core (13) and the sliding groove square column (15) at the lower end of the limiting shaft core (13) are driven to rise synchronously; when the top cover (1), the limiting shaft core (13) and the sliding groove square column body (15) synchronously ascend to a preset opening position, the lower end face of the sliding groove square column body (15) extrudes a self-resetting press-breaking type normally closed switch K4 on the base (23) to be disconnected due to ascending, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) stops rotating, and the top cover (1) ascends and is opened; meanwhile, the positive pole of the DC power supply forms a loop with the contact 1 → the contact 3 of the power polarity switch K1, the reel self-locking driving motor (21) and the contact 6 of the single-pass double-contact switch K3 with the contact 5 → the contact 2 of the power polarity switch K1 and the negative pole of the DC power supply through wires;

when the contact 6 of the single-pass double-contact switch K3 is closed, the loop is electrified, the reel self-locking driving motor (21) on the base (23) rotates clockwise due to the corresponding power supply of the positive pole and the negative pole, and the reel self-locking driving motor (21) and the motor gear (22) rotate clockwise to drive the reel gear ring (9) on the reel (6) to rotate clockwise, so that the reel (6) and the skirt-type soft tree cover main body (16) fixedly wound on the reel (6) are driven to rotate clockwise to be opened dispersedly;

when the positive pole of the DC direct-current power supply forms a loop with the contact 1 → the contact 4 of the power polarity change-over switch K1, the self-resetting press-off type normally closed switch K5, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19), the self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2, the contact 3 → the contact 2 of the power polarity change-over switch K1 and the DC direct-current power supply negative pole, the self-resetting type normally open contact switch K2 is closed, and the loop is electrified; the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) on the base (23) rotates clockwise due to the fact that the positive electrode and the negative electrode correspondingly supply power, and the composition relation of the main structure components shows that when the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) and the motor gear (20) rotate clockwise, the hollow driving shaft body (10) and the thread lifting shaft head (11) can be driven to synchronously rotate anticlockwise through linkage of the driving shaft gear (12); when the threaded lifting spindle head (11) rotates anticlockwise, the nut lifting pipe (2) on the top cover (1) is driven to descend, and then the top cover (1), the limiting shaft core (13) and the sliding groove square cylinder (15) at the lower end of the limiting shaft core (13) are driven to descend synchronously, when the top cover (1), the limiting shaft core (13) and the sliding groove square cylinder (15) descend to a preset opening position, the upper end face of the sliding groove square cylinder (15) extrudes a self-resetting pressure-breaking type normally-closed switch K5 on the base (23) to be disconnected due to descending, the top cover lifting self-locking driving motor (19) stops rotating, and the top cover (1) descends and is closed; meanwhile, the positive pole of the DC power supply forms a loop with the contact 1 → the contact 4 of the power polarity change-over switch K1, the contact 7 of the single-pass double-contact switch K3 and the reel self-locking driving motor (21) with the contact 3 → the contact 2 of the power polarity change-over switch K1 and the negative pole of the DC power supply through wires; when contact 7 of the single-pass double-contact switch K3 is closed, the circuit is energized; reel auto-lock driving motor (21) on base (23) is because positive negative direction power supply and the counter-clockwise rotation, reel spool auto-lock driving motor (21) and motor gear (22) counter-clockwise rotation will drive reel ring gear (9) counter-clockwise rotation on reel (6), thereby drive reel (6) and fixed skirt software tree cover main part (16) counter-clockwise rotation winding on reel (6) and withdraw, wherein top edge friction roll combination along inboard rubber comb guide ring (5) and base (23) under top cap (1).

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