CN109429882B

CN109429882B - Planting method of late-maturing citrus

Info

Publication number: CN109429882B
Application number: CN201811642977.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡金东
Original assignee: Chongqing Jiazhishu Agriculture Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Jiazhishu Agriculture Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-29
Filing date: 2018-12-29
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-29
Also published as: CN109429882A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly discloses a method for planting late-maturing citrus, which comprises the following measures: A. winter heat preservation measures: the annular heat preservation group and the top cover heat preservation group of the heat preservation device are used for preserving heat of the citrus trees; B. warming measures in winter: the annular heat preservation group of the heat preservation device is used for carrying out auxiliary heating on the citrus trees; C. irrigation management: digging drainage ditches around the heat preservation device to prevent water around the heat preservation device from flowing to the root of the citrus trees; D. trimming; E. managing with fertilizer; F. and (4) thinning the citrus. The scheme is used for solving the problem that the citrus trees are difficult to boil in winter in the prior art.

Description

Planting method of late-maturing citrus

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a method for planting late-maturing citrus.

Background

The citrus is an evergreen small tree, is usually ripe in 11-12 months, the middle-ripe variety of the citrus in China ripe in 11-12 months accounts for more than 85%, and the market competition is intense and the planting benefit is reduced due to the over-concentrated market period of the citrus. Therefore, late-maturing oranges have been vigorously developed in recent years in many orange producing areas, so that the variety structure is adjusted, the fresh fruit supply period is prolonged, and the neutral position is filled to increase the benefit; however, the late-maturing citrus fruits need to be hung on trees and overwinter, the fruit hanging time is long, and the anti-freezing and anti-falling work in winter needs to be well done. At present, two types of existing antifreezing ways are generally adopted, one is that the whole orchard is protected by a greenhouse, all citrus trees are cultivated in a protective land in one or more built greenhouse(s), the protective effect is good, but the cost is too high, the places without the citrus trees are also protected, a large amount of waste is caused, the orchards with large area and poor conditions and thin planting cannot be adopted, and the orchards in hilly lands are difficult to implement; the other method is to cover the citrus trees with cold-proof cloth for heat preservation, but when the citrus trees need to be fertilized, the cold-proof cloth needs to be uncovered, but the uncovering of the cold-proof cloth is difficult, so that the fertilization is seriously affected. In addition, the light transmission of two kinds of protection methods is poor for the sunshine that the citrus tree was drawn is not enough, causes the oranges and tangerines nutrition to keep up with easily, and the photosynthesis is poor because of the oranges and tangerines illumination is not enough appears, and then causes the problem that oranges and tangerines sugar content is low excessively.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for planting late-maturing citrus, which aims to solve the problem that citrus trees are difficult to boil in winter in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for planting late-maturing citrus comprises the following steps: A. winter heat preservation measures: the annular heat preservation group and the top cover heat preservation group of the heat preservation device are used for preserving heat of the citrus trees;

B. warming measures in winter: the temperature of the citrus trees is raised in an auxiliary way by using a heat preservation device;

C. irrigation management: digging drainage ditches around the heat preservation device to prevent water around the heat preservation device from flowing to the root of the citrus trees;

D. trimming: trimming comprises the trimming of fruit branches and the truncation of lateral branches;

E. and (3) fertilizer management: when in fertilization, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are used in a matching way;

F. thinning the citrus: the damaged fruits and malformed fruits are mainly removed.

Compare the beneficial effect in prior art:

firstly, at night in winter, the citrus is covered by the protective cover formed by the annular heat-insulating group and the top cover heat-insulating group of the heat-insulating device, so that heat is preserved for the citrus trees, the temperature required by respiration is provided for the citrus trees, and the purpose of helping the citrus trees to pass the winter is achieved.

Secondly, in winter daytime, the annular heat preservation group is used for enclosing the citrus trees, so that the temperature of the citrus trees in daytime cannot be diffused, the local temperature around the citrus trees is further increased, the growth of fruit trees is facilitated, and the increase of sugar content of the citrus trees and better photosynthesis are promoted.

Thirdly, the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are matched for use during fertilization, when the fertilization is needed, the annular heat preservation group is pulled open manually, the manual work is easy to get close to the citrus trees, and the citrus trees are directly fertilized, so that the fertilization of the fruit trees is not influenced while the heat preservation and the temperature rise of the fruit trees are realized.

Fourthly, the temperature is low in winter, the insect damage is less, and the quality of the citrus fruits is further guaranteed.

Fifthly, the heat preservation device has the function of blocking wind, frost, rain and snow for the citrus trees in the weather of wind, frost, rain and snow in winter.

Furthermore, the method also comprises a measure for increasing illumination, and the sunlight is reflected by the reflective particles on the annular heat preservation group in the heat preservation device, so that the illumination area of the citrus trees is increased.

The orange tree light-reflecting granule has the advantages that the light-reflecting granule diffusely reflects sunlight onto orange trees, thereby further contributing to the photosynthesis of leaves; is beneficial to improving the sugar content of the citrus fruits.

Furthermore, the citrus tree support rod support device also comprises a measure for supporting the citrus tree support rod, and the support rod of the citrus tree is supported through a telescopic sleeve of the heat preservation device.

The supporting rod of the citrus tree is supported by the telescopic sleeve, so that the situation that the supporting rod is too heavy and the citrus tree is crushed is avoided.

Further, the winter heat preservation measure of the measure A and the winter heating measure of the measure B both further comprise the step of obtaining heat from underground water through a water circulator of the heat preservation device to locally heat the bottom of the citrus tree.

The method has the advantages that the heat of the underground water is transferred to the bottom of the citrus trees, so that the heat preservation of the citrus trees is further facilitated, the probability of frostbite of the citrus trees is further reduced, and the temperature around the citrus trees in the daytime is increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the point B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the ring-shaped insulating group of FIG. 1 with the cold-proof cloth folded;

FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the loop insulation pack of FIG. 1 with the cold protective cloth fully open;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the canopy insulation pack of FIG. 1 with the fan fully deployed.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a rack 1, an annular heat preservation group 2, a top cover heat preservation group 3, a water circulator 4, a first semi-ring track 5, a second semi-ring track 6, cold-proof cloth 7, a connecting hole 71, a connecting ring 8, a pulley 9, a threaded shaft 10, a moving block 11, a fan framework 12, fan cloth 13, a blind hole 111, a telescopic sleeve 14, a telescopic joint 141, a support 15, a double-spiral pipe 16, a circulating water inlet 17, a circulating water return port 18, a citrus tree 19, land 20, a disc 21 and a lifting rope 22.

Note: the fan ribs of the top cover insulation group 3 in fig. 1 are vertically stacked, the fan cloth 13 is in a folded state, and the top of the citrus tree 19 is not shielded.

The embodiment is substantially as shown in fig. 1 to 6:

a method for planting late-maturing citrus fruit comprises using a heat-insulating device as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6; the heat preservation device comprises a rack 1, an annular heat preservation group 2, a top cover heat preservation group 3 and a water circulator 4, wherein the annular heat preservation group 2 comprises a left semi-ring heat preservation group and a right semi-ring heat preservation group which are the same in structure and are symmetrical along the center of the annular heat preservation group 2, and by combining the figure 1 and the figure 4, the left semi-ring heat preservation group and the right semi-ring heat preservation group respectively comprise a first semi-ring track 5, a second semi-ring track 6 and cold-proof cloth 7, the first semi-ring track 5 and the second semi-ring track 6 are fixedly connected onto the rack 1, the two first semi-ring tracks 5 are fixedly connected through bolts and form a complete first annular track, the two second semi-ring tracks 6 are fixedly connected through bolts and form a complete second annular track, the first annular track is located above the second annular track, and the annular diameter of the first annular track is larger than the annular. With reference to fig. 1, 2 and 4, pulleys 9 are slidably connected in the first annular rail and the second annular rail, a plurality of connecting holes 71 are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the cold-proof cloth 7, a connecting ring 8 is buckled on the connecting holes 71 of the cold-proof cloth 7, the connecting ring 8 is fixedly connected with the pulleys 9, and the cold-proof cloth 7 is supported by the pulleys 9 and the connecting ring 8; with reference to fig. 3 and 4, the cold-proof cloth 7 can be folded, and the cold-proof cloth 7 can also be stretched along the first annular track and the second annular track to form an inverted cone in which the citrus trees 19 can grow; one surface of the cold-proof cloth 7 close to the citrus tree 19 is provided with reflective particles.

With reference to fig. 1 and 6, the top cover heat preservation group 3 includes a threaded shaft 10, a plurality of moving blocks 11 and fan ribs 12, a circular disc 21 is welded on the threaded shaft 10, a plurality of through holes are formed in the circular disc 21, lifting ropes 22 are threaded on the through holes, a polished rod is arranged at one section of the top of the threaded shaft 10, the fan ribs 12 are rotatably connected to the polished rod of the threaded shaft 10, one ends, far away from the threaded shaft 10, of the fan ribs 12 abut against the upper surface of a first annular rail, the first annular rail forms a support for the fan ribs 12, the fan ribs 12 are sleeved on the polished rod of the threaded shaft 10, foldable fan ribs 13 are adhered to the upper surface of the fan ribs 12, and the fan ribs 13 are one-way light-; the fan ribs 12 can drive the fan cloth 13 to be stacked together along the vertical direction of the threaded shaft 10, the fan ribs 12 can completely open the fan cloth 13 under uniform scattering, the completely opened fan cloth 13 forms an umbrella shape, when the fan cloth 13 is completely opened, the uppermost fan rib 12 is overlapped on the lowermost fan rib 12, the lowermost fan rib 12 and the uppermost fan rib 12 are provided with permanent magnets with opposite magnetic poles, and then the two fan ribs 12 are tightly sucked, so that the fan ribs 12 are prevented from driving the fan cloth 13 to be folded under the blowing effect.

With reference to fig. 1 and 3, a through hole with internal threads is formed in the axial center of the moving block 11, the moving block 11 is connected to the threaded shaft 10 through the through hole and the threads, a plurality of threaded blind holes 111 are formed in the circumferential direction of the moving block 11, a telescopic sleeve 14 is connected to the blind holes 111 in a threaded mode, and the telescopic sleeve 14 is formed by sleeving a plurality of telescopic joints 141.

Referring to fig. 1, a support 15 is arranged at one section of the bottom of the threaded shaft 10, a double-spiral pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the support 15, the head end and the tail end of the double-spiral pipe 16 are respectively connected with a circulating water inlet 17 and a circulating water return port 18 of the water circulator 4, water which is 20m away from the surface of the ground and is in the lower portion of the surface of the ground is pumped into the double-spiral pipe 16 through the water circulator 4, underground water circulates through the double-spiral pipe 16 and the water circulator 4, a faucet is arranged on the double-spiral pipe 16, and the underground water can be discharged from the faucet.

The threaded shaft 10 is also wound with a drip irrigation pipe which is wound downwards from the top of the threaded shaft 10.

When the insulation is in use, the citrus tree 19 is located within the insulation.

The planting method comprises the following measures:

A. winter heat preservation measures: at night, because the temperature at night is low, the annular heat-insulating group 2 is opened to form an inverted cone, as shown in figure 5, the fan cloth 13 of the top cover heat-insulating group 3 is completely opened, as shown in figure 6, the top cover heat-insulating group 3 is lapped in the inverted cone of the annular heat-insulating group 2, the top cover heat-insulating group 3 and the annular heat-insulating group 2 cover the whole citrus tree 19, and further heat-insulating the citrus tree 19, and the temperature required by respiration is provided for the citrus tree 19; in addition, the water circulator 4 pumps the underground water into the double spiral pipes 16, so that the temperature of the double spiral pipes 16 is higher than the air temperature, and then the heat of the underground water is transferred to the bottom of the citrus trees 19 through the double spiral pipes 16, thereby further facilitating the heat preservation of the citrus trees 19 and further reducing the probability of frostbite of the citrus trees 19;

B. winter heating measures and light increasing measures: the annular heat preservation group 2 is still opened to form an inverted cone, as shown in fig. 5, the top cover heat preservation group 3 is opened, the fan cloth 13 is folded, no shielding exists above the citrus trees 19, sunlight can directly irradiate the citrus trees 19, the citrus trees 19 carry out photosynthesis, meanwhile, as the cold-proof cloth 7 is provided with the reflective particles, the cold-proof cloth 7 is enclosed to form the inverted cone, on one hand, the enclosed inverted cone enables the temperature around the citrus trees 19 to be raised, and the increase of sugar of the citrus trees 19 and the promotion of photosynthesis are facilitated; on the other hand, the reflective particles on the cold-proof cloth 7 reflect the sunlight to the citrus trees 19 in a diffused manner, thereby further contributing to the photosynthesis of leaves; the sugar content of the citrus fruits is improved; in addition, transferring the heat of the groundwater to the bottom of the citrus tree 19 through the double helix 16 further facilitates the increase in temperature around the citrus tree 19 and increases the temperature around the citrus tree 19 during daylight hours.

The orange trees 19 are insulated at night, the orange trees 19 are prevented from being frostbitten, the temperature is raised in the daytime to increase the temperature difference between day and night, for the Chongqing with little change of the temperature difference between day and night in winter, the annular heat insulation group 2, the top cover heat insulation group 3 and the water circulator 4 greatly increase the temperature difference between day and night, the sugar content of fruits is improved, and the orange trees 19 are guaranteed to pass winter and be prevented from cold, and meanwhile, the sugar content of the oranges is increased.

C. Irrigation management: digging drainage ditches around the heat preservation device to prevent water around the heat preservation device from flowing to the root of the citrus tree 19; when the citrus trees need to be watered with water in a dripping manner, water drops on the citrus trees through the dripping water pipe and then flows to the ground along the citrus trees, on one hand, the water is equivalent to sprinkling on branches or leaves of the citrus trees, on the other hand, the citrus trees are irrigated, and on the other hand, the situation that the dripping water pipe is damaged when the dripping water pipe is installed on the ground due to mechanical mowing is avoided;

E. and (3) fertilizer management: when the fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are matched for use, when the fertilizer is required to be applied, the cold-proof cloth 7 of the annular heat-insulating group 2 is manually pulled open, the cold-proof cloth easily crosses the second semi-ring track 6 to be close to the citrus trees 19, after the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are manually applied, the water tap is directly opened, and the citrus trees 19 are irrigated by underground water;

F. thinning the citrus: mainly removing damaged fruits and malformed fruits;

G. supporting the citrus tree 19 struts: the moving block 11 is rotated to the height required to support the citrus 19 support rod along the threaded shaft 10, and the telescopic joint 141 is pulled, so that the length of the telescopic sleeve 14 is prolonged, the extended telescopic sleeve 14 supports the citrus 19 support rod, and the situation that the citrus 19 support rod is too heavy and the citrus 19 support rod is crushed is avoided; in addition, the supporting rod of the citrus tree 19 can be lifted by the lifting rope 22 hung on the disc 21, and the situation that the supporting rod is crushed by fruits is further avoided.

If the top cover heat preservation group 3 is used in summer, the top cover heat preservation group is installed by reversing 180 degrees, and the direction of the one-way light transmission film is turned, so that the top cover heat preservation group has a light filtering effect, the opened fan cloth 13 plays a role in shading the citrus trees 19, and the temperature reduction of the growing temperature around the citrus trees 19 is facilitated.

Due to the heat preservation device, the function of blocking wind, frost, rain and snow on the citrus trees 19 can be achieved in winter when the weather of wind, frost, rain and snow occurs.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for planting late-maturing citrus is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method needs to use a heat preservation device, the heat preservation device comprises a rack, an annular heat preservation group and a top cover heat preservation group, the annular heat preservation group comprises a left semi-ring heat preservation group and a right semi-ring heat preservation group which have the same structure and are symmetrical along the center of the annular heat preservation group, the left semi-ring heat preservation group and the right semi-ring heat preservation group respectively comprise a first semi-ring track, a second semi-ring track and cold-proof cloth, and one surface of the cold-proof cloth, close to the citrus trees, is provided with reflective; the first semi-ring track and the second semi-ring track are both fixedly connected to the rack, the two first semi-ring tracks are fixedly connected to form a complete first annular track, the two second semi-ring tracks are fixedly connected to form a complete second annular track, the first annular track is positioned above the second annular track, and the annular diameter of the first annular track is larger than that of the second annular track;

the top cover heat preservation group comprises a threaded shaft, a plurality of moving blocks and fan ribs, the threaded shaft is rotatably connected with the fan ribs, one ends of the fan ribs, far away from the threaded shaft, are abutted against the upper surface of a first annular track, the first annular track forms supports for the fan ribs, the fan ribs are sleeved on the threaded shaft, foldable fan cloth is adhered to the upper surface of the fan ribs, and the fan cloth is a one-way light-transmitting film; the fan ribs can drive the fan cloth to be stacked together along the vertical direction of the threaded shaft, the fan cloth can be completely opened under the condition that the fan ribs are uniformly dispersed, and the completely opened fan cloth forms an umbrella shape; the citrus tree support device comprises a moving block, a threaded shaft, a plurality of blind holes, a telescopic sleeve and a support rod, wherein the threaded through hole is formed in the axial center of the moving block, the moving block is connected to the threaded shaft through threads, the blind holes with threads are formed in the circumferential direction of the moving block, the telescopic sleeve is connected with the inner threads of the blind holes, the telescopic sleeve is formed by sleeving a plurality of telescopic joints, and the support rod of a citrus;

the method comprises the following measures: A. winter heat preservation measures: the citrus trees are insulated by utilizing the annular insulation group and the top cover insulation group of the insulation device, specifically, at night, the annular insulation group is opened to form an inverted cone-shaped cylinder due to the low temperature at night, the fan cloth of the top cover insulation group is completely opened, the top cover insulation group is built in the inverted cone-shaped cylinder of the annular insulation group, the top cover insulation group and the annular insulation group cover the whole citrus trees, and then the citrus trees are insulated to provide the temperature required by respiration for the citrus trees;

B. winter heating measures and light increasing measures: utilize annular heat preservation group and top cap heat preservation group of heat preservation device to assist the intensification to citrus tree, specifically do: the annular heat-preservation group is still opened to form an inverted cone, the top cover heat-preservation group is opened to fold the fan cloth, sunlight can directly irradiate the citrus trees without shielding, the citrus trees are subjected to photosynthesis, meanwhile, the cold-proof cloth is provided with reflective particles and forms the inverted cone in a surrounding manner, the temperature around the citrus trees is increased due to the enclosed inverted cone, the increase of sugar content of the citrus trees and the promotion of photosynthesis are facilitated, and meanwhile, the reflective particles on the cold-proof cloth diffusely reflect the sunlight onto the citrus trees to facilitate the photosynthesis of leaves;

2. The method for growing late-maturing citrus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the winter heat preservation measure of the measure A and the winter heating measure of the measure B both further comprise the step of obtaining heat from underground water through a water circulator of the heat preservation device to locally heat the bottom of the citrus tree.