CN213991841U

CN213991841U - Rain-sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN213991841U
Application number: CN202021335931.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任洪春; 房经贵; 刘更森; 郑婷; 姜训; 刘炳臣; 王丽珍; 周国
Original assignee: Laixi Fruit Tree Technology Extension Station; Nanjing Agricultural University
Current assignee: Laixi Fruit Tree Technology Extension Station; Nanjing Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-07-09
Filing date: 2020-07-09
Publication date: 2021-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-09

Abstract

The invention relates to a rain-sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse, and belongs to the technical field of grape cultivation. Comprises a rain shelter and a plurality of Y-shaped grape brackets; y type grape trellis include stand, Y type grape trellis, first horizontal pole, second horizontal pole, Y type grape trellis fix on the stand, first horizontal pole, second horizontal pole level are fixed on Y type grape trellis, the canopy of keeping away locate Y type grape trellis directly over, the canopy of keeping away include a plurality of arc supporting parts and plastic film, plastic film covers on the arc supporting part. The invention solves the problem that the quality of grapes is influenced in summer, rainy water and windy weather during grape production in northern areas, particularly coastal areas. The invention is simple, low in cost, firm and wind-resistant, can cope with typhoon, rainy and stuffy adverse weather which is often encountered in the current grape production, greatly reduces the damage of rain and snow weather to the grapes, and prevents rain from washing fruits.

Description

Rain-sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation production, and particularly relates to a rain-sheltering cultivation greenhouse.

Background

Grapes are the most widely planted and productive vine plants in the world. The planting area of Chinese grapes is at the front of the world, wherein the planting area of the northern area accounts for more than 80%. According to the traditional northern grape planting, a support is built for each grape tree in the open air, and the grape is easily damaged by adverse weather due to the cultivation mode. In the north, particularly in the Qingdao area, near the ocean, the air is humid, the rain quantity is abundant, the rainwater concentrates on the wind, the growth of grapes is very unfavorable, and the yield and the quality of the grapes are seriously influenced. The rain sheltering cultivation can play double roles of preventing and treating disease sources and improving fruit quality, on one hand, the leaves of the grapes are basically prevented from being splashed by rainwater, and most of diseases caused by rainwater, such as white rot, anthracnose, downy mildew and the like, are prevented; on the other hand, the use amount of pesticides can be reduced, and the safety quality of the grapes can be improved. Rain sheltering cultivation in southern areas has been very successful, and in recent years specialists have gradually begun to explore techniques and shed frame structures suitable for rain sheltering cultivation in northern areas.

The space from the ground to the roof of a rain shelter shed frame commonly used in the south is 240cm, the grape growth space is 175cm, the working space is only 200cm, and the width of the rain shelter shed frame is about 180 cm. Combining the climatic conditions and the characteristics of humanity ecology in the north, the requirement of the Qingdao and other northern areas on the shed frame structure is higher. On the one hand, the rain shelter frame and the tree crown structure are high, the operation space is large, manual management is facilitated, mechanized fertilization, weeding and the like are facilitated, on the other hand, the width of the rain shelter frame is enough and the stability is good because rainfall and wind power in the coastal area in the north are large. In addition, although snowfall in northern areas does not cause strong impact on the shed frame structure due to wet weight in the southern areas, the influence of the snowfall is also considered, the rain sheltering shed frame arch structure can be properly flattened according to actual conditions, the impact of wind power on the rain sheltering shed frame arch structure is reduced, and the structure and the material need to be firmer. Along with the gradual change of the global environment, in the production process of grapes in the north, the use of a rain sheltering cultivation mode is enhanced, the rain sheltering facility structure is optimized, the purposes of simplicity, low cost, firmness, wind resistance and simplicity and convenience in operation are achieved as far as possible, and the matched cultivation mode is combined to deal with typhoon, heavy rain and high-stuffiness adverse weather frequently encountered in the production of grapes at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse suitable for northern areas of China, and aims to solve the problem that a rain sheltering cultivation greenhouse structure provided by the background technology is suitable for northern areas to use in response to typhoon, rainy weather and high-stuffy adverse weather frequently encountered in current grape production.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a rain shelter grape cultivation greenhouse comprises a rain shelter and a plurality of Y-shaped grape brackets;

the Y-shaped grape bracket comprises a stand column, a Y-shaped grape bracket, a first cross bar and a second cross bar, the Y-shaped grape bracket is fixed on the stand column, the first cross bar and the second cross bar are horizontally fixed on the Y-shaped grape bracket, the rain shelter is arranged right above the Y-shaped grape bracket and comprises a plurality of arc-shaped supporting parts and plastic films, the plastic films cover the arc-shaped supporting parts, and the arc-shaped supporting parts comprise arc-shaped brackets, vertical bars and cross beams; the vertical rod is fixed at the top of the upright column, two ends of the arched support are connected with two ends of the cross beam, and two ends of the vertical rod are respectively fixedly connected with the center of the arched support and the center of the cross beam.

Preferably, each Y-shaped grape bracket is connected through a thread, wherein the intersection point of the upright post and the Y-shaped grape bracket and the intersection point of the first cross bar and the second cross bar and the Y-shaped grape bracket are the connection points of the thread.

Preferably, two ends of the arched bracket are fixedly connected with two ends of the cross beam in a welding mode.

Preferably, the wire is galvanized steel wire.

Preferably, the distance between the two ends of the arch support is 230cm, the height between the highest point of the arch support and the ground is 300cm, and the height between the highest point of the arch support and the upright post is 80-100 cm.

Preferably, the rain shelter is internally provided with one arched bracket every 75cm, and each arched bracket 1 is welded and fixed through a steel pipe.

Preferably, the length of the underground part of the upright post is 50cm, the total height of the overground part of the upright post is 220cm, a first cross rod and a second cross rod are respectively arranged at positions 85cm and 150cm away from the ground of the upright post, and the lengths of the first cross rod and the second cross rod are respectively 55cm and 65 cm. All parameters of the rain shelter can be adjusted according to the wind direction of the grape planting place.

Preferably, the first cross rod and the second cross rod are made of wood, and the first cross rod and the second cross rod are detachably fixed on the upright posts.

Preferably, the two ends of each rain shelter are fixed through a T-shaped frame cross rod, and the T-shaped frame cross rod penetrates through and is erected on the upper portion of the cross beam of each rain shelter.

In the invention, each Y-shaped grape trellis is connected by the thread in sequence, so that the adjustment is convenient according to the fruiting part and the plant growth. Through the high and wide rain-sheltering steel frame structure, the rain-sheltering cultivation is realized in the northern area by combining the matched improved Y-shaped grape cultivation frame, and the problem that the quality of grapes is influenced by heavy rain and weather in summer in grape production in the northern area, particularly in coastal areas, is solved. The invention is simple, low in cost, firm and wind-resistant, can cope with typhoon, rainy and stuffy adverse weather which is often encountered in the current grape production, greatly reduces the damage of rain and snow weather to the grapes, and prevents rain from washing fruits. In addition, the tree body is cultivated by adopting an improved Y-shaped frame, so that the ornamental value is improved on the basis of not influencing lighting, and the tree is more suitable for sightseeing and picking in summer. The rain sheltering structure has the advantages of high and wide height and compact tree structure, and the operation space is convenient for mechanized management.

Has the advantages that:

the invention is simple, low in cost, firm and wind-resistant, can cope with typhoon, rainy and stuffy adverse weather which is often encountered in the current grape production, greatly reduces the damage of rain and snow weather to the grapes, and prevents rain from washing fruits. In addition, the tree body is cultivated by adopting an improved Y-shaped frame, so that the ornamental value is improved on the basis of not influencing lighting, and the tree is more suitable for sightseeing and picking in summer. The rain sheltering structure has the advantages of high and wide height and compact tree structure, and the operation space is convenient for mechanized management. The facility adopts a high-quality plastic film structure, has firm wind resistance and can be used for three years continuously. The cross bar is of a wood structure, can be provided with the clamping grooves as required, is more labor-saving and convenient than general angle iron punching and wire drawing again, can be adjusted at any time according to the growth of the tree body, and is convenient for large-scale garden building. The connection of the wooden cross rod and the stone pillar is cross bound by using iron wires, and the wooden cross rod is simple, firm and attractive.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an improved Y-shaped frame rain shelter for grapes in a Qingdao area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of connection of wires of an improved Y-shaped frame rain shelter structure for a Qingdao area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an effect diagram of the improved Y-shaped frame rain shelter structure for grape in Qingdao area according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In fig. 1-3, 1 is an arch support, 2 is a vertical rod, 3 is a cross beam, 4 is a second cross rod, 5 is a first cross rod, 6 is a vertical column, 7 is a connecting rod, 8 is a first linear object, 9 is a second linear object, 10 is a third linear object, 11 is a fourth linear object, 12 is a fifth linear object, 13 and 14 are steel pipes, 15 is a T-shaped frame cross rod, and 16 is a Y-shaped grape trellis.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The utility model provides a grape cultivation big-arch shelter keeps away rain, characterized by: comprises a rain shelter and a plurality of Y-shaped grape brackets;

the Y-shaped grape bracket comprises an upright post 6, a Y-shaped grape trellis 16, a first cross bar 5 and a second cross bar 4, the Y-shaped grape trellis is fixed on the upright post 6, the first cross bar 5 and the second cross bar 4 are horizontally fixed on the Y-shaped grape trellis 16, the rain shelter is arranged right above the Y-shaped grape trellis 16 and comprises a plurality of arc-shaped supporting parts and plastic films, the plastic films cover the arc-shaped supporting parts, and the arc-shaped supporting parts comprise an arc-shaped bracket 1, a vertical bar 2 and a cross beam 3; the vertical rod 2 is fixed at the top of the upright post 6, two ends of the arched support 1 are connected with two ends of the cross beam 3, and two ends of the vertical rod 3 are respectively fixedly connected with the center of the arched support 1 and the center of the cross beam 3.

As can be seen from fig. 2, each Y-shaped grape trellis is connected by a thread, wherein the intersection of the upright post 6 and the Y-shaped grape trellis 16 and the intersection of the first cross bar 5 and the second cross bar 4 and the Y-shaped grape trellis 16 are the connection points of the thread, and comprise a first thread 8, a second thread 9, a third thread 10, a fourth thread 11 and a fifth thread 12, and the thread is a galvanized steel wire. The wire material is not limited to galvanized steel wire, and other firm and durable wires or rods can be used as the fixing point for the grape climbing.

Preferably, both ends of the arched bracket 1 are fixedly connected with both ends of the cross beam 3 by welding.

Preferably, the distance between the two ends of the arched bracket 1 is 230cm, the height from the highest point of the arched bracket 1 to the ground is 300cm, and the height from the highest point of the arched bracket 1 to the upright post 6 is 80-100 cm. Every 75cm sets up an arch support 1 in the canopy, and every arch support 1 passes through steel pipe 13 welded fastening. The length of the part of the upright post 6 buried underground is 50cm, the total height of the overground part of the upright post 6 is 220cm, the upright post 6 is 85cm away from the ground and 150cm away from the ground, the first cross rod 5 and the second cross rod 4 are respectively arranged, and the lengths of the first cross rod 5 and the second cross rod 4 are respectively 55cm and 65 cm.

The parameters can be used as reference, and all the parameters of the rain shelter can be adjusted according to the local requirements of grape planting.

Preferably, the first cross bar 5 and the second cross bar 4 are made of wood, and the first cross bar 5 and the second cross bar 4 are detachably fixed on the upright post 6. The first cross rod 5 and the second cross rod 4 are provided with a plurality of clamping grooves, and the clamping grooves can enable the thread to be firmly fixed on the upright post 6.

Preferably, the two ends of each rain shelter are fixed through the T-shaped frame cross rods 15, the T-shaped frame cross rods 15 penetrate through and are erected on the upper portions of the cross beams 3 of the rain shelters, and the T-shaped frame cross rods 15 transversely connect the rain shelters together, so that the capability of each rain shelter for resisting strong wind is enhanced, and the rain shelters are firmer. The arched supports of every two rain shelters are mutually fixed through the connecting rods 7, and the wind resistance of the rain shelters is further improved.

As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides an improved Y-frame rain shelter structure suitable for rainy areas, which comprises a vertical column 6 and an arched support 1 formed by bending a steel pipe. The width of the rain sheltering steel frame film structure is 230cm, the height of the highest point to the ground is 300cm, and the height to the upright post 6 is 80-100 cm. And the top of the rain sheltering structure is provided with one arched bracket 1 every 75 cm. The top of an upright post 6 is welded and fixed with an arched support 1 through a vertical rod 2, two sides of the arched support 1 are connected with the upright post 6 through welding cross beams 3, two sides of different arched supports 1 are welded and fixed through steel pipes 13, the upright post 6 is buried 50cm underground, the total height of the overground part is 220cm, two first cross rods 5 and two second cross rods 4 are respectively arranged at positions 85cm and 150cm above the ground, the lengths of the two first cross rods are 55cm and 65cm respectively, every two first cross rods 5 are connected through galvanized steel wires, every two second cross rods 4 are connected through galvanized steel wires, and therefore grape climbing is facilitated; install on stand 6 with first horizontal pole 5, second horizontal pole 4, adopt wooden material, polish many places draw-in groove on it, can adjust according to fruit setting position and tree growth situation, first horizontal pole 5, second horizontal pole 4 tie up with stand 6 and tie up through the iron wire alternately and tie up.

The invention has simple structure; the cost is low, not fragile, and anti-wind-force is good, and the ventilation light transmissivity is good, and the frame type is reasonable for the result all is on a level, does benefit to cultivation management, is fit for tourist's sightseeing.

Example 1:

the method for cultivating grapes in the greenhouse comprises the following steps: when grape seedlings grow to 0.60 m, the vines start to branch and stem, two branches of the vines, namely main vines, are fixed horizontally along a first thread 8 in a two-way mode at the moment, winter buds on the main vines in multiple sections sprout in the second year, after inflorescences grow out of new shoots, the new shoots are respectively and uniformly fixed on a third thread 9 and a fourth thread 10 below the inflorescence growing section, one inflorescence with the same section is reserved, other inflorescences on the new shoots are removed, the fruiting parts are arranged on the threads 9 and 10 in order, branches are collected on the

threads

11 and 12, 5 leaf pinching parts are reserved above the inflorescences, and 3 leaf pinching parts are reserved on auxiliary tips at the tops. And 2-3 short tips of buds at the base part are remained for pruning after fruiting in the next year, the daylighting area is increased to a certain extent by utilizing the unfolding of the base part and the folding of the top part, and the photosynthesis and ventilation are ensured. The fruit bearing parts of the grapes are regular, the ornamental value is increased, the management of the flowers and the fruits is convenient, and particularly, the operations of bagging and removing the fruit clusters, the observation of the growth conditions of the fruit clusters and the like are performed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a grape cultivation big-arch shelter keeps away rain, characterized by: comprises a rain shelter and a plurality of Y-shaped grape brackets;

the Y-shaped grape bracket comprises a stand column (6), a Y-shaped grape bracket (16), a first cross bar (5) and a second cross bar (4), the Y-shaped grape bracket is fixed on the stand column (6), the first cross bar (5) and the second cross bar (4) are horizontally fixed on the Y-shaped grape bracket (16), the rain shelter is arranged right above the Y-shaped grape bracket (16), the rain shelter comprises a plurality of arc-shaped supporting parts and a plastic film, the plastic film covers the arc-shaped supporting parts, and the arc-shaped supporting parts comprise an arc-shaped bracket (1), a vertical bar (2) and a cross beam (3); the vertical rod (2) is fixed at the top of the upright post (6), the two ends of the arched support (1) are connected with the two ends of the cross beam (3), and the two ends of the vertical rod (2) are respectively fixedly connected with the center of the arched support (1) and the center of the cross beam (3).

2. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: the Y-shaped grape brackets are connected through wires, wherein the cross points of the upright posts (6) and the Y-shaped grape brackets (16) and the cross points of the first cross bar (5) and the second cross bar (4) and the Y-shaped grape brackets (16) are the connecting points of the wires.

3. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the arch support (1) are fixedly connected with the two ends of the cross beam (3) in a welding way.

4. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 2, characterized in that: the threadlike object is a galvanized steel wire.

5. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the two ends of the arched support (1) is 230cm, the height between the highest point of the arched support (1) and the ground is 300cm, and the height between the highest point of the arched support (1) and the upright post (6) is 80-100 cm.

6. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: every 75cm sets up an arch support (1) in the canopy, and every arch support (1) passes through steel pipe (13) welded fastening.

7. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the part of the vertical column (6) buried underground is 50cm, the total height of the overground part of the vertical column (6) is 220cm, the vertical column (6) is 85cm away from the ground and 150cm away from the ground, the first cross rod (5) and the second cross rod (4) are respectively arranged, and the lengths of the first cross rod (5) and the second cross rod (4) are respectively 55cm and 65 cm.

8. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: the material of first horizontal pole (5), second horizontal pole (4) be wooden material, first horizontal pole (5), second horizontal pole (4) detachably fix on stand (6).

9. The rain sheltering grape cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of each rain shelter are fixed through a T-shaped frame cross rod (15), and the T-shaped frame cross rods (15) penetrate through and are erected on the upper portion of the cross beam (3) of each rain shelter.