CN215480620U - Quick fermentation tower device of layer-stepping fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

A layered organic fertilizer rapid fermentation tower device comprises a fermentation tank body, two stirring aeration devices and a blanking stirring device, wherein the upper part of the fermentation tank body is provided with a feed hopper, the lower part of the fermentation tank body is provided with a discharge port, the interior of the fermentation tank body is divided into three fermentation chambers including a low-temperature fermentation chamber, a medium-temperature fermentation chamber and a high-temperature fermentation chamber from top to bottom through two clapboards, more than one discharge port is annularly distributed on the periphery of each clapboard, and each discharge port are provided with a discharge plate; one stirring aeration device is arranged in the low-temperature fermentation chamber, and the other stirring aeration device is arranged in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber and the high-temperature fermentation chamber; the two stirring aeration devices control aeration work through corresponding fans; the blanking stirring device is positioned at the bottom of the high-temperature fermentation chamber; the blanking stirring device and the two stirring aeration devices are respectively controlled to rotate through independent hydraulic driving devices. Effectively improve the quality of the fermented materials, greatly save energy, save energy and protect environment.

Description

Quick fermentation tower device of layer-stepping fertilizer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer fermentation, in particular to a layered organic fertilizer rapid fermentation tower device.

Background

In recent years, research results for producing bio-organic fertilizer by using industrial organic waste, crop straws and human and animal excreta are increasing, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN105565920A, entitled "organic fertilizer fermentation device" discloses a technical scheme for fermenting organic fertilizer by using aerobic decomposition of microorganisms, introduces an example of producing bio-organic fertilizer by using human and animal excreta, industrial organic waste and crop straws, and has the following disadvantages: in most of the adopted aerobic high-temperature fermentation processes, no fermentation strain is added, so that a large amount of ammonium nitrogen generated in the fermentation process of the fermentation material volatilizes into the air along with hot steam, the atmospheric environment is polluted, the fertilizer efficiency is reduced, the fermented material is alkaline, the corrosivity is strong, and the service life of fermentation equipment is shortened; the existing fermentation tank generally adopts an integral structure, so that the resistance of a stirring device in the stirring process is large, the aeration is not uniform, and the quality of the fermented fertilizer is not high; and the stirring device, the aeration device and the blanking device all participate in the whole process of fermentation, so that the energy consumption of the whole device is large, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are realized. Therefore, a layered organic fertilizer rapid fermentation tower device is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a layered quick organic fertilizer fermentation tower device, which effectively improves the quality of fermented materials, greatly saves energy, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The utility model provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a quick fermentation tower device of layer-stepping fertilizer, includes:

the fermentation tank comprises a fermentation tank body, wherein the upper part of the fermentation tank body is provided with a feed hopper, the lower part of the fermentation tank body is provided with a discharge hole, the interior of the fermentation tank body is divided into three fermentation chambers including a low-temperature fermentation chamber, a medium-temperature fermentation chamber and a high-temperature fermentation chamber from top to bottom through two clapboards, more than one feed opening is annularly distributed on the periphery of the clapboards, and each feed opening and each discharge hole are provided with a discharge plate;

two stirring aeration devices, wherein one stirring aeration device is arranged in the low-temperature fermentation chamber, and the other stirring aeration device is arranged in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber and the high-temperature fermentation chamber; the two stirring aeration devices control aeration work through corresponding fans;

the blanking stirring device is positioned at the bottom of the high-temperature fermentation chamber; the blanking stirring device and the two stirring aeration devices are respectively controlled to rotate through independent hydraulic driving devices.

The stirring aeration device comprises a hollow central rotating shaft and a plurality of stirring aeration blades, one end of the central rotating shaft is closed and is rotatably connected with the stirring tank body through a bearing, the other end of the central rotating shaft extends out of the fermentation tank body and is communicated with an aeration fan, the stirring aeration blades are spirally and annularly distributed outside the central rotating shaft from top to bottom, each stirring aeration blade comprises two stirring wing pipes vertically connected to the central rotating shaft and a plurality of aeration pipes connected between the two stirring wing pipes in parallel, one end of each stirring wing pipe is closed, the other end of each stirring wing pipe is communicated with the central rotating shaft, a difference angle a is formed between the two stirring wing pipes, the stirring wing pipe at the lower end of each stirring aeration pipe is positioned on the front side in the stirring direction, the upper end and the lower end of each aeration pipe are communicated with the corresponding two stirring wing pipes, and the rear side, back to the stirring direction, of each aeration pipe is provided with a plurality of aeration holes; the central rotating shafts of the two stirring aeration devices and the stirring tank body are arranged coaxially.

The two stirring wing pipes and the aeration pipe are of triangular structures, and the sharp corner corresponding to the minimum included angle of the triangular structures is located on the front side of the stirring direction.

The difference angle a between the upper stirring wing tube and the lower stirring wing tube of the same stirring aeration blade is 20-45 degrees.

The blanking stirring device comprises a rotating shaft and more than one stirring rod, the stirring rods are vertically and uniformly distributed outside the rotating shaft, the lower end of each stirring rod is connected with a plurality of material pushing plates side by side, and the lower ends of the material pushing plates incline to the stirring direction and form an included angle b with the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body; the rotating shaft is sleeved outside the central rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body through a bearing with a seat.

And the included angle b between the material pushing plate and the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body is 30 degrees.

The hydraulic driving devices are three in total and are respectively used for controlling the two stirring aeration devices and the blanking stirring device, each hydraulic driving device comprises a turbine disc and a worm for driving the turbine disc to rotate, and one end of each worm is connected with a hydraulic motor; the turbine disks of the three hydraulic driving devices are respectively sleeved on two central rotating shafts of the two stirring aeration devices and a rotating shaft of the blanking stirring device.

The fermentation tank body is formed by mutually sleeving an inner tank body and an outer tank body, the inner tank body is divided into a low-temperature fermentation chamber and a medium-temperature fermentation chamber by a partition plate in the middle of the inner tank body, the partition plate at the bottom of the inner tank body is connected to a support frame in the outer tank body, and the partition plate at the bottom of the inner tank body and the lower end part of the outer tank body form a high-temperature fermentation chamber; a gap is reserved between the inner tank body and the outer tank body, a steam exhaust flue is formed, a steam exhaust chimney communicated with the steam exhaust flue is arranged at the top of the outer tank body, and an exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the steam exhaust chimney; more than one layer of exhaust holes are annularly distributed on the outer walls of the tops of the low-temperature fermentation chamber and the medium-temperature fermentation chamber, and the exhaust holes are communicated with the steam exhaust flue.

The low-temperature fermentation chamber, the medium-temperature fermentation chamber and the high-temperature fermentation chamber are internally provided with a high material level sensor and a temperature sensor; the low-temperature fermentation chamber and the medium-temperature fermentation chamber are internally provided with low material level sensors, the low-temperature fermentation chamber is also internally provided with an olfactory sensor, and the bottom of the high-temperature fermentation chamber is provided with a humidity sensor.

The device also comprises a controller which is used for collecting detection signals of each sensor in each fermentation chamber and further controlling the start of the corresponding hydraulic driving device, the fan and the stripper plate.

The utility model adopts three-layer fermentation, the stirring resistance is reduced, and the aeration is more uniform. The low-temperature fermentation chamber at the upper end is independently provided with a group of stirring aeration devices, the medium-temperature and high-temperature fermentation chambers at the lower end share the other group of stirring aeration devices, the two groups of stirring aeration devices independently control air supply and rotation, and the blanking device also independently controls rotation. The stirring aeration device of the medium-temperature and high-temperature fermentation chamber runs all day long as required, the stirring aeration device of the low-temperature fermentation chamber stops rotating gas supply after fermentation work is finished, generally, the fermentation chamber only works for 2-3 hours every day, and the fermentation chamber only enters a working state after new materials are added; the blanking device is operated only when blanking is needed, and power is effectively saved.

Aerobic biological strains for nitrogen fixation, deodorization and fermentation are added into the materials in the low-temperature fermentation chamber, oxygen is provided for the fermented materials by the rotary aeration blade device, and the urban industrial organic waste, crop straws and livestock manure are subjected to harmless treatment to produce the high-efficiency organic fertilizer. Under the action of biological bacteria, the material does not produce harmful gas, odor, emission and ammonium nitrogen, is neutral, non-corrosive, pollution-free, clean and sanitary in the hair styling circulation; and the fermented material is alkaline and strong in corrosivity, and the service life of the fermentation equipment is shortened.

Under the sensing of various sensors, the fermentation tower equipment is automatically controlled by the controller to work under the conditions of the optimal production process and the lowest energy consumption.

The stirring aeration blade that adopts triangle-shaped stirring wing pipe and aeration pipe to constitute, the resistance is little, and the area increase of aeration simultaneously makes the aeration more even, and the fermentation effect effectively promotes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the stirring and aerating apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view II of the stirring aeration apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the stirring aeration apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the stirring aeration apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

in the figure: 1. a low-temperature fermentation chamber, 2, a medium-temperature fermentation chamber, 3, a high-temperature fermentation chamber, 4, a feed hopper, 5, an olfactory sensor, 6, a stirring aeration blade, 7, a hydraulic motor, 8, a fan, 9, a turbine disc, 10, a central rotating shaft, 11, a rotating shaft, 12, a stirring rod, 13, a material pushing plate, 14, a discharging plate, 15, a first high material level sensor, 16, a first temperature sensor, 17, a first low material level sensor, 18, a second high material level sensor, 19, a second low material level sensor, 20, a third high material level sensor, 21, a second temperature sensor, 22, a humidity sensor, 23, a worm, 24, a discharging port, 25, a steam exhaust flue, 26, a steam exhaust chimney, 27, an electric control cabinet, 28, an outer tank body, 29, an inner tank body, 30, an automatic lifting machine, 31, a rain shed, 32, a guardrail, 33, a man ladder, 61, a stirring wing pipe, 62, an aeration pipe, 63, a high-temperature sensor, a high-level sensor, a low-level sensor, a high-level sensors, a high, And (4) aeration holes.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the figure 1, the upper part of the fermentation tank body is provided with a feed hopper 4, the lower part is provided with a discharge port 24, the interior of the fermentation tank body is divided into three fermentation chambers by partition plates, from top to bottom, the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 and the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 are respectively, four square feed openings are annularly distributed on each layer of partition plate, the feed openings are blocked by a discharge plate 14, rubber seal rings are fixed on the periphery of the feed openings, and the square feed openings form a sealed state when the discharge plate 14 enters the feed openings, the discharging plate 14 is connected with an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder so as to drive the opening and closing actions through the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder, the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder is fixed outside the fermentation tank body, the telescopic rod horizontally extends into the shell of the fermentation tank body to be fixed with an outer end arm of the discharging plate 14, a through hole capable of passing through the telescopic rod is formed in the fermentation tank body, and the through hole and the telescopic rod need to be sealed, can be mechanically sealed or can be sealed through a rubber pad; the cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder can also be fixed at the bottom of the partition plate, and the cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder at the moment is a rotatable cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder and can drive the stripper plate 14 to rotate to open or close the feed opening. The low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is internally provided with a stirring aeration device, the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 and the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 share one stirring aeration device, the two stirring aeration devices control aeration work through corresponding fans 8, and the central rotating shafts of the two stirring aeration devices and the stirring tank body are coaxially arranged. The blanking stirring device is positioned at the bottom of the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 and comprises a rotating shaft 11 and more than one stirring rod 12, the stirring rods 12 are vertically and uniformly distributed outside the rotating shaft 11, the lower end of each stirring rod 12 is connected with a plurality of material pushing plates 13 side by side, the rotating shaft 11 is sleeved outside the central rotating shaft 10, and the rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected with the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body through a bearing with a seat; the hydraulic driving devices are three in total and are respectively used for controlling the two stirring aeration devices and the blanking stirring device to rotate, each hydraulic driving device comprises a turbine disc 9 and a worm 23 used for driving the turbine disc 9 to rotate, and one end of each worm 23 is connected with a hydraulic motor 7; the turbine discs 9 of the three hydraulic driving devices are respectively arranged on two central rotating shafts 10 of the two stirring aeration devices and a rotating shaft 11 of the blanking stirring device. And the energy consumption is effectively reduced by controlling the energy consumption in a segmented manner according to the requirements.

Further, the fermentation tank body is formed by mutually sleeving an inner tank body 29 and an outer tank body 28, the inner tank body 29 is divided into a low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 and a medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 by a partition plate in the middle of the inner tank body 29, the partition plate at the bottom of the inner tank body 29 is connected to a support frame in the outer tank body 28, and a high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 is formed by the partition plate at the bottom of the inner tank body 29 and the lower end part of the outer tank body 28; a gap is reserved between the inner tank 29 and the outer tank 28 to form a steam exhaust flue 25, a steam exhaust chimney 26 communicated with the steam exhaust flue 25 is arranged at the top of the outer tank 28, an exhaust fan is arranged at the steam exhaust chimney 26, more than one layer of exhaust holes are annularly distributed on the outer walls of the tops of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 and the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2, the exhaust holes are communicated with the steam exhaust flue 25, and a special exhaust channel is arranged to quickly exhaust steam generated in the high-temperature fermentation chamber due to high temperature, effectively ensure the humidity of materials and improve the fermentation efficiency.

In another embodiment, a smell sensor 5, a high material level sensor 15, a temperature sensor 16 and a low material level sensor 17 are arranged in the low-temperature fermentation chamber, a high material level sensor II 18 and a low material level sensor II 19 are arranged in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2, and a high material level sensor III 20, a temperature sensor II 21 and a humidity sensor 22 are arranged in the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3; still including being used for gathering each sensor detected signal in each fermentation chamber, and then the control corresponds the controller that hydraulic drive device, fan and stripper 14 started, and the controller is placed in automatically controlled cabinet 27, and further the controller is plc. The olfaction sensor 5, the first high material level sensor 15, the first temperature sensor 16, the first low material level sensor 17, the second high material level sensor 18, the second low material level sensor 19, the third high material level sensor 20, the second temperature sensor 21 and the humidity sensor 22 are all connected with the input end of the plc through signal lines, and the plc controls the hydraulic motor, the fan and the oil cylinder or the air cylinder of the discharge plate 14 of each hydraulic driving device through a plurality of relays at the output end. Control fan, hydraulic motor, cylinder, hydro-cylinder through plc and be prior art, this embodiment is no longer repeated.

In fig. 2-4, a plurality of stirring aeration blades 6 are arranged outside a hollow central rotating shaft 10, one end of the central rotating shaft 10 is closed and is rotatably connected with a stirring tank body through a bearing, the other end of the central rotating shaft extends out of the fermentation tank body and is communicated with an aeration fan, the plurality of stirring aeration blades 6 are spirally distributed outside the central rotating shaft 10 from top to bottom, the stirring aeration structure comprises an upper stirring wing pipe 61, a lower stirring wing pipe 61 and a plurality of aeration pipes 62 connected between the two stirring wing pipes 61 side by side, the upper stirring wing pipe 61 and the lower stirring wing pipe 61 are vertically connected on the central rotating shaft, the lower stirring wing pipe is positioned at the front side of the stirring direction, one end of the upper stirring wing pipe 61 and one end of the lower stirring wing pipe 61 are closed, one end of the upper stirring wing pipe is communicated with the central rotating shaft 10, two end parts of the aeration pipes 62 are mutually communicated with the upper stirring wing pipe 61 and the lower stirring wing pipe 61 of the same stirring aeration blade 6, a plurality of aeration holes 63 are arranged on the aeration pipe 62, the back-off surface of the stirring rotating direction of the aeration pipe 62, the aeration port is located the dorsal part and effectively prevents the material jam aeration port. Two stirring wing pipe 61, aeration pipe 62 are the triangle-shaped structure, and the closed angle that triangle-shaped minimum contained angle corresponds is located the front side of stirring direction, effectively reduces the stirring resistance, and the aeration opening is located the dorsal part and effectively prevents that the material from blockking up the aeration opening. Connect a plurality of aeration pipes 62 side by side between two upper and lower stirring wing pipe 61, then open the aeration hole at every aeration pipe 62 back, increase aeration's area makes the aeration more even, and the fermentation effect can effectively promote.

In fig. 5, a difference angle a between an upper stirring wing tube 61 and a lower stirring wing tube 61 of the same stirring aeration blade 6 is 20-45 degrees, so that the stirring blades can obliquely cut materials, the stirring resistance is effectively reduced, and the hydraulic driving device is prevented from being locked, so that the stirring blades are broken in the stirring process, and a fermentation tank cannot be used; the service life of the stirring blade can be prolonged.

In fig. 6, the lower end of the material pushing plate 13 inclines towards the stirring direction, and forms an included angle b of 30 degrees with the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body. The first embodiment is as follows:

the interior of the fermentation tank body 28 is divided into a low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, a medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 and a high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 from top to bottom, the temperature in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is controlled to be 20-40 ℃, and the temperature in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 and the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 is controlled to be 40-70 ℃. Firstly, materials to be fermented are added into a low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 through a feed hopper 4, after a high material level sensor I15 in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 detects a proper signal, an automatic lifting machine 30 is controlled to stop working, feeding is stopped, then a microecological preparation (the microecological preparation adopts one of bacillus and compound biological flora, the compound biological flora consists of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid flora, yeast flora, actinomycete flora and filamentous flora) is added into the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, a stirring aeration device in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is started, stirring aeration is started, and volatile ammonia nitrogen and harmful gas are fixed to become solid quick-acting nitrogen under the action of large-scale propagation and degradation of microbial flora of the materials in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1. In the process, the temperature sensor I16 is used for monitoring the temperature change in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, when the temperature is lower than 20 ℃, the oxygen required for fermentation needs to be continuously stirred and aerated to provide, when the temperature is raised to 20-40 ℃, aeration can be stopped, natural fermentation is realized, when the temperature is higher than 40 ℃, the stirring aeration device is controlled to start again, heat generated by fermentation is taken away through aeration and ventilation until the temperature is reduced to be lower than 40 ℃, rotary aeration can be stopped, the whole process can be according to the environment required for fermentation, the action of the stirring aeration device is controlled in real time, energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved, the fermentation environment is accurately guaranteed, and the fermentation quality is greatly improved. When the smell sensor 5 in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 can not sense the smell, the stirring aeration is stopped to wait for entering the next layer. At the moment, when the low material level sensor II 19 in the medium temperature fermentation chamber 2 cannot sense that the materials are stored in the medium temperature fermentation chamber 2, the discharge plate 14 at the top of the medium temperature fermentation chamber 2 is opened, the materials in the low temperature fermentation chamber 1 are pushed into the medium temperature fermentation chamber 2 along with the rotation of the stirring aeration blades of the internal stirring aeration device, until the high material level sensor II 18 in the medium temperature fermentation chamber 2 detects a proper signal, the discharge plate 14 at the top is closed, the materials are continuously fermented in the medium temperature fermentation chamber 2, the fermented materials in the low temperature fermentation chamber 1 enter the medium temperature fermentation chamber 2 for further decomposition and fermentation, a large amount of oxygen enters under the action of the aeration blades, the temperature of the materials is raised, and when the humidity sensor 22 in the high temperature fermentation chamber 3 cannot detect a humidity signal, the situation that the materials are not stored in the high temperature fermentation chamber 3 is solved, the discharge plate 14 at the top of the high temperature fermentation chamber 3 can be opened, the materials in the middle temperature fermentation chamber 2 are pushed into the high temperature fermentation chamber 3 to be decomposed and fermented again along with the rotation of the stirring aeration blade of the internal stirring aeration device. The large amount of water vapor generated is discharged with the flue 25. And opening the discharging plate 14 at the discharging port 24 when the humidity sensor 22 judges that the moisture of the material is evaporated to 50%, discharging the material from the discharging port 24, and finishing the whole fermentation process of the material.

Example two:

the interior of the whole fermentation tank is divided into a normal-temperature low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, a medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 with the temperature controlled at 20-40 ℃ and a high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 with the temperature controlled at 40-70 ℃ from top to bottom, a stirring aeration device in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is driven by an independent hydraulic driving device to carry out aeration and rotary stirring, fermented materials in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 rotate to the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 from a square feed opening on a partition plate along with the rotation of a stirring aeration blade, the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 and the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 share another independently controlled stirring aeration device, and the materials in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 rotate to the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 from a square feed opening of the partition plate along with the rotation of the stirring aeration blade. A microecological preparation is added into the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, the microecological preparation adopts one of bacillus and composite biological flora, and the composite biological flora consists of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast flora, actinomycete flora and filamentous flora. Under the action of the microecologics and the aeration, when the odor of the materials is not sensed by the olfactory sensor 5, the aeration is stopped to wait for entering the next layer. The side of the low temperature fermentation chamber 1 is provided with an automatic elevator 30 which conveys the materials to the feed hopper 4. The side of the fermentation tank body is also provided with a control cabinet 27. The automatic lifting machine 30 controls the operation of the automatic lifting machine 30 through plc in the control cabinet 27, so that the materials on the ground are conveyed to the feeding hopper 4 of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The plc in the control cabinet 27 senses signals from various sensors (the smell sensor 5, the first high level sensor 15, the first temperature sensor 16, the first low level sensor 17, the second high level sensor 18, the second low level sensor 19, the third high level sensor 20, the second temperature sensor 21 and the humidity sensor 22) and controls all driving devices (a hydraulic motor, a fan, a cylinder and the like) in the equipment. Whether the materials in the three fermentation chambers are full is judged through the first high material level sensor 15, the second high material level sensor 18 and the third high material level sensor 20, when the materials reach a required position, the materials are stopped to be continuously fed into the three fermentation chambers, whether the fermentation temperatures in the three fermentation chambers are accurate is monitored through the first temperature sensor 16 and the second temperature sensor 21, the phenomenon that biological bacteria in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 die due to overhigh temperature is avoided, the position of the materials is judged through the olfactory sensor 5, the fermentation decomposition degree is when the olfactory sensor 5 cannot sense odor, the fermentation of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is finished, the operation of the stirring aeration device of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is stopped, the next fermentation process is waited, and the fermentation decomposition time of the materials in the whole low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is finished within one to two hours. The temperature of the materials in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 is controlled to be 40-70 ℃, and the temperature of the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 is controlled to be about 70 ℃, so that the normal high-temperature fermentation of the materials is ensured.

Example three:

the interior of the fermentation tank body is divided into a low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 from top to bottom, the temperature of the low-temperature fermentation chamber is controlled to be 20-40 ℃, and the temperature of the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 and the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 is controlled to be 40-70 ℃. The stirring aeration device in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is driven by an independent hydraulic driving device to carry out aeration and rotary stirring, the fermented materials in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 are transferred to the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 from the square feed opening on the partition plate along with the rotation of the stirring aeration blades, the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 and the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 share another stirring aeration device which is independently controlled, and the materials in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 are transferred to the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3 from the square feed opening of the partition plate along with the rotation of the stirring aeration blades. A microecological preparation is added into the fermentation tank body, the microecological preparation adopts one of bacillus and a composite biological flora, and the composite biological flora consists of photosynthetic bacteria, a lactic acid bacteria group, a yeast flora, an actinomycete group and a filamentous bacteria group. The side of the fermentation tank body is provided with an automatic elevator 30 which conveys the materials to the feed hopper 4. The top of the fermentation tank body is provided with a rain shed 31, and the top of the fermentation tank body is provided with a guardrail 32. The side surface of the fermentation tank body is provided with a ladder 33. Canopy 31 can play the effect that keeps out the wind and keep off the rain, provides more comfortable operational environment for the staff at 1 top in low temperature fermentation room, and guardrail 32 can play certain guard action, has ensured fermentation tank body top staff's personal safety, and the setting of people's ladder 33 makes things convenient for the staff to carry out the operation at fermentation tank body's top.

In the embodiment, materials enter a low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 of a fermentation tank body from a feed hopper 4, primary fermentation is carried out, a biological fermentation inoculant is added, a stirring aeration device in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is started, the materials are kept in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 (the temperature is 20-40 ℃) for fermentation, the biological inoculant decomposes fermentation materials in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, ammonium nitrogen in the materials is changed into quick-acting nitrogen after fermentation for 1-2 hours, the deodorization and nitrogen fixation effects are achieved (the fermentation time of the materials is judged by an olfactory sensor), and a hydraulic driving device and a fan of the stirring aeration device in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 are automatically stopped once the materials are fermented to be mature. When the materials in the middle-temperature fermentation chamber 2 enter the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3, the high material level sensor II 18 of the middle-temperature fermentation chamber 2 judges the amount of the materials to start the stirring aeration device of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 to rotate, a feed opening at the lower end of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is opened, the materials in the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 are continuously pushed to the middle-temperature fermentation chamber 2 at the lower layer to carry out high-temperature aerobic fermentation, the high material level sensor II 18 in the middle-temperature fermentation chamber 2 judges that the materials are full, the rotation of the stirring aeration device of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is stopped, the feed opening at the lower end of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1 is closed, and the fermentation temperature of the middle-temperature fermentation chamber 2 is 40-70 ℃. The opening and closing of the feed opening of the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 are determined by a third high material level sensor 20 of the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3, once the position of the material is judged to be lowered, the feed opening of the medium-temperature fermentation chamber 2 is automatically opened, the material enters the high-temperature fermentation chamber 3, 5-7 days of aerobic fermentation are carried out, the humidity sensor 22 judges that the humidity of the material is 50%, the controller automatically opens the feeding stirring device to rotate, the material pushing plate 13 pushes the material out of the discharge opening 24, and when the humidity position sensor of the material judges that the humidity of the material is higher than 50%, the discharge opening 24 and the feeding stirring device are closed. The material is discharged through the discharge port 24 to complete the whole fermentation process. In the whole fermentation process, a large amount of nitrogen-fixing and deodorizing biological bacteria are fermented and propagated at 20-40 ℃ by using the material temperature of the low-temperature fermentation chamber 1, and the technical scheme utilizes a layered quick fermentation automatic control process technology to carry out harmless treatment on urban industrial organic waste, crop straws and livestock manure to produce the efficient organic fertilizer.

According to the utility model, the independent driving devices of various process sections of various sensors arranged in the fermentation tower structure in the whole material fermentation process are started as required under the automatic control of the PLC. Improves the fermentation efficiency, reduces the energy consumption and reduces the operation cost. In the whole fermentation process, under the action of biological bacteria, the materials do not generate harmful gas, have no odor, no emission, no ammonium nitrogen, are neutral, have no corrosiveness and no pollution, and are clean, sanitary, environment-friendly and energy-saving in the hair-setting circulation.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a quick fermentation tower device of layer-stepping fertilizer which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the fermentation tank comprises a fermentation tank body, wherein the upper part of the fermentation tank body is provided with a feed hopper (4), the lower part of the fermentation tank body is provided with a discharge hole (24), the interior of the fermentation tank body is divided into three fermentation chambers including a low-temperature fermentation chamber (1), a medium-temperature fermentation chamber (2) and a high-temperature fermentation chamber (3) from top to bottom through two clapboards, more than one discharge hole is annularly distributed on the periphery of each clapboard, and a discharge plate (14) is arranged at each discharge hole and each discharge hole (24);

two stirring aeration devices, wherein one stirring aeration device is arranged in the low-temperature fermentation chamber (1), and the other stirring aeration device is arranged in the medium-temperature fermentation chamber (2) and the high-temperature fermentation chamber (3); the two stirring aeration devices control aeration work through corresponding fans;

the blanking stirring device is positioned at the bottom of the high-temperature fermentation chamber (3); the blanking stirring device and the two stirring aeration devices are respectively controlled to rotate through independent hydraulic driving devices.

2. The rapid layered organic fertilizer fermentation tower device according to claim 1, wherein: the stirring aeration device comprises a hollow central rotating shaft (10) and a plurality of stirring aeration blades (6), one end of the central rotating shaft is closed and is rotatably connected with a stirring tank body through a bearing, the other end of the central rotating shaft extends out of the fermentation tank body and is communicated with an aeration fan, the stirring aeration blades (6) are spirally and annularly distributed outside the central rotating shaft (10) from top to bottom, each stirring aeration blade comprises two stirring wing pipes (61) vertically connected to the central rotating shaft (10) and a plurality of aeration pipes (62) connected between the two stirring wing pipes (61) side by side, one end of each of the two stirring wing pipes (61) is closed, the other end of each stirring wing pipe is communicated with the central rotating shaft (10), a difference angle a is formed between the two stirring wing pipes (61), the stirring wing pipe at the lower end of each stirring wing pipe is positioned at the front side of the stirring direction, and the upper and lower end parts of each aeration pipe (62) are communicated with the corresponding two stirring wing pipes (61), the rear side surface of the aeration pipe (62) back to the stirring direction is provided with a plurality of aeration holes (63); the central rotating shafts of the two stirring aeration devices and the stirring tank body are arranged coaxially.

3. A layer-stepping fertilizer rapid fermentation tower device of claim 2, characterized in that: the two stirring wing pipes (61) and the aeration pipe (62) are both triangular structures, wherein the sharp corner corresponding to the minimum included angle of the triangle is positioned on the front side of the stirring direction.

4. A layer-stepping fertilizer rapid fermentation tower device of claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the difference angle a between the upper and lower stirring wing tubes (61) of the same stirring aeration blade (6) is 20-45 degrees.

5. The rapid layered organic fertilizer fermentation tower device according to claim 1, wherein: the blanking stirring device comprises a rotating shaft (11) and more than one stirring rod (12), wherein the stirring rods (12) are vertically and uniformly distributed outside the rotating shaft (11), the lower end of each stirring rod (12) is connected with a plurality of material pushing plates (13) side by side, and the lower ends of the material pushing plates (13) are inclined towards the stirring direction and form an included angle b with the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body; the rotating shaft (11) is sleeved outside the central rotating shaft (10), and the rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected with the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body through a bearing with a seat.

6. A layer-stepping fertilizer rapid fermentation tower device of claim 5, characterized in that: and the included angle b between the material pushing plate (13) and the bottom wall of the fermentation tank body is 30 degrees.

7. The rapid layered organic fertilizer fermentation tower device according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic driving devices are three in total and are respectively used for controlling the two stirring aeration devices and the two blanking stirring devices, each hydraulic driving device comprises a turbine disc (9) and a worm (23) used for driving the turbine disc (9) to rotate, and one end of each worm (23) is connected with a hydraulic motor (7); turbine disks (9) of the three hydraulic driving devices are respectively sleeved on two central rotating shafts (10) of the two stirring aeration devices and a rotating shaft (11) of the blanking stirring device.

8. The rapid layered organic fertilizer fermentation tower device according to claim 1, wherein: the fermentation tank body is formed by mutually sleeving an inner tank body (29) and an outer tank body (28), the inner tank body (29) is divided into a low-temperature fermentation chamber (1) and a medium-temperature fermentation chamber (2) by a partition plate in the middle of the inner tank body (29), the partition plate at the bottom of the inner tank body (29) is connected to a support frame in the outer tank body (28), and a high-temperature fermentation chamber (3) is formed by the partition plate at the bottom of the inner tank body (29) and the lower end part of the outer tank body (28); a gap is reserved between the inner tank body (29) and the outer tank body (28) to form a steam exhaust flue (25), a steam exhaust chimney (26) communicated with the steam exhaust flue (25) is arranged at the top of the outer tank body (28), and an exhaust fan is arranged at the top of the steam exhaust chimney (26); more than one layer of exhaust holes are annularly distributed on the outer walls of the tops of the low-temperature fermentation chamber (1) and the medium-temperature fermentation chamber (2), and the exhaust holes are communicated with a steam exhaust flue (25).

9. The rapid layered organic fertilizer fermentation tower device according to claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature fermentation chamber (1), the medium-temperature fermentation chamber (2) and the high-temperature fermentation chamber (3) are internally provided with a high material level sensor and a temperature sensor; the low-temperature fermentation chamber (1) and the medium-temperature fermentation chamber (2) are internally provided with low material level sensors, the low-temperature fermentation chamber (1) is also internally provided with an olfactory sensor (5), and the bottom of the high-temperature fermentation chamber (3) is provided with a humidity sensor (22).

10. The rapid layered organic fertilizer fermentation tower device according to claim 9, wherein: the device also comprises a controller which is used for collecting detection signals of each sensor in each fermentation chamber and further controlling the start of the corresponding hydraulic driving device, the fan and the stripper plate (14).

Images