CN215049058U - Composite artificial wetland system for treating rural sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage, which comprises a water distribution mechanism and an intelligent monitoring control mechanism, wherein the water distribution mechanism is connected with a strengthened nitrification region which is connected with a strengthened denitrification and dephosphorization region which is connected with a strengthened denitrification region which is connected with a water collection and drainage mechanism; the water distribution mechanism and the water collection and drainage mechanism are matched with the intelligent monitoring control mechanism; the water distribution mechanism comprises a water distribution tank, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water distribution tank, a lifting pump station and a water quality and water level monitoring device are arranged in the water distribution tank, and the water quality and water level monitoring device comprises a water level sensor and a water quality monitoring device; the intelligent monitoring control mechanism comprises a PLC central control unit, and the PLC central control unit is connected with a touch screen through a data acquisition and transmission device; the enhanced nitrification region comprises a third cavity, a second telescopic guide plate is arranged at the top end of the third cavity, and a second cavity is arranged on the second telescopic guide plate.

Description

Composite artificial wetland system for treating rural sewage

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, concretely relates to compound constructed wetland system for handling rural sewage.

Background

In recent years, along with the increase of rural population and the gradual improvement of living standard, the utilization rate of sanitary wares and industrial products is correspondingly improved. The use of sanitary wares and the improvement of living standard enable the rural sewage yield to be gradually increased. At the present stage, most rural sewage is directly discharged without being treated, pollutants in the rural sewage every year are far larger than the environmental capacity of the existing environment, and the current situation of many rural areas is that ditches in the rural areas are dirty, the pond water quality is deteriorated, and even the sewage emits foul smell.

In order to meet the demand of improving the quality of water resources, a plurality of improved new process technologies, such as an AB process, an A/O process, an A2/O process, a CASS process, an SBR process, an oxidation ditch process and the like, successively appear and are widely applied. The construction work of the centralized sewage treatment in China is better, but is limited by infrastructure construction and the investment and high maintenance cost of a pipe network, and the treatment of the distributed domestic sewage in rural areas cannot move to the mode of urban sewage treatment, so that the rural domestic sewage is treated by adopting a new technical means. The method is characterized in that a process facility which is simple, low in investment and construction and easy to maintain is adopted for treating most of rural domestic sewage, the distributed artificial wetland is designed to run automatically under the action of gravity, energy is not consumed generally, the treatment efficiency of the artificial wetland system is far higher than the natural purification capacity of the environment through artificial design, meanwhile, as the artificial wetland technology is generally made of local materials, pebbles, sandy soil and other fillers are selected, a brick-concrete structure is adopted for building, one-time investment is low, and operation and maintenance are simple.

However, the conventional artificial wetland is often applied to urban sewage and lakes, and the properties of rural sewage are different from those of the urban sewage. Rural sewage contains more human and animal excreta, the nitrogen and phosphorus content is higher, but the content of heavy metals and toxic and harmful substances is very low. The rural villages and towns have fewer population, are widely and dispersedly distributed, and have similar resident life laws, so that the rural sewage discharge amount is larger in the morning and evening than in the daytime, the water discharge amount at night is small, the sewage discharge is in a discontinuous state and even can be cut off, and the water quantity change is obvious. In addition, the traditional artificial wetland has poor oxygenation and reoxygenation capabilities, low running efficiency in winter, easy blockage of substrates, difficult replacement and the like, and the degradation capability of ammonia nitrogen and organic matters of the system is reduced. The patent CN208038263U discloses a composite artificial wetland system for sewage treatment, which comprises a distribution tank, a water collection tank, a middle tank, a first artificial wetland unit, a second artificial wetland unit and a third artificial wetland unit, wherein the first artificial wetland unit is connected with the distribution tank, the second artificial wetland unit is serially arranged with the first artificial wetland unit in the horizontal direction, the third artificial wetland unit is parallelly arranged with the first artificial wetland unit and the second artificial wetland unit in the vertical direction, the middle tank is respectively connected with the second artificial wetland unit and the third artificial wetland unit, and the third artificial wetland unit is connected with the water collection tank; the system can effectively remove various pollutants through a multi-stage pollution reduction process, but still has a plurality of problems. Firstly, the system divides the first artificial wetland unit and the third artificial wetland unit into a plurality of cavities by using the baffle plates, so that the water flow path is prolonged, but the baffle plates are unreasonably arranged, the water flow is easy to form a dead water area at the lower part of the first cavity, and short flow or even cutoff is carried out in the lower cavity of the third artificial wetland unit. Secondly, the ventilation pipe is arranged in the third artificial wetland unit of the system to increase the dissolved oxygen in the wetland, so that the whole artificial wetland system is in an aerobic state, the denitrification capability of the whole system is weak due to the lack of an anoxic zone, and the fundamental removal of nitrogen cannot be realized. And thirdly, the system does not monitor and control the inflow flow and the flow rate of the water in the distribution tank, the quality of the inflow water, the dissolved oxygen and the quality of the outflow water, so that the composite artificial wetland system is very easy to cause the phenomena of non-uniform water distribution such as cutoff, overflow and the like when the system is actually applied to rural areas, and the operation parameters of the wetland can not be adjusted in time, thereby influencing the sewage treatment capacity and the quality of the outflow water. In addition, although the system is provided with the intermediate tank, and the filter screen layer is filled with 5-8mm pyrite particle filler for strengthening the dephosphorization and denitrification of the system, the pyrite is not easy to oxidize and dissolve under the condition of weak alkaline pH of general rural sewage and within short retention time of the artificial wetland, and can not effectively precipitate phosphorus, and the pyrite also needs to consume dissolved oxygen in the sewage and release hydrogen ions during oxidation, so that the pyrite is harmful to microorganisms in the artificial wetland, and the assimilation of organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus in the system is influenced; in addition, the filtering net layer is easy to block the filtering net due to continuous generation of ferric phosphate after long-term use, the water passing capacity is reduced, even overflow is caused under the condition that the filtering material cannot be replaced, a large amount of sewage led into a wetland system is directly accumulated on the surface of the wetland, and long-term water accumulation causes stink, so that mosquitoes and flies are bred, and the surrounding environment is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the composite constructed wetland system can ensure that the system can effectively operate in winter, has good water collection and distribution uniformity, can effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus, and can realize the replacement of a substrate filter layer and the real-time monitoring of water quality and water quantity.

Based on the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

a composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage comprises a water distribution mechanism and an intelligent monitoring control mechanism, wherein the water distribution mechanism is connected with an enhanced nitrification region, the enhanced nitrification region is connected with an enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region, the enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region is connected with an enhanced denitrification region, and the enhanced denitrification region is connected with a water collection and drainage mechanism; the water distribution mechanism and the water collection and drainage mechanism are matched with the intelligent monitoring control mechanism; the water distribution mechanism comprises a water distribution tank, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water distribution tank, a lifting pump station and a water quality and water level monitoring device are arranged in the water distribution tank, and the water quality and water level monitoring device comprises a water level sensor and a water quality monitoring device; the intelligent monitoring control mechanism comprises a PLC central control unit, and the PLC central control unit is connected with a touch screen through a data acquisition and transmission device; the strengthened nitrification region comprises a third cavity, a second telescopic guide plate is arranged at the top end of the third cavity, a second cavity is arranged on the second telescopic guide plate, a first guide plate is arranged at the top end of the second cavity, a first cavity is arranged on the first guide plate, an anti-freezing heat preservation layer is arranged at the top end of the first cavity, a soil layer is laid on the anti-freezing heat preservation layer, and emergent aquatic plants are arranged in the soil layer.

Preferably, a water distribution port is arranged on the side surface of the first cavity and is communicated with a water outlet of the lifting pump station through a water distribution pipe; the water distribution pipe is provided with an automatic regulating valve group, a flow metering device and an aeration device; one end of the first guide plate, which is far away from the water distribution port, is provided with a water guide port communicated with the second cavity.

Preferably, the first guide plate and the second guide plate are arranged along the horizontal direction and are inclined upwards by 5-10 degrees.

Preferably, the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal region comprises an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity matched with the second cavity and the third cavity, a filter layer in sealing fit with the second telescopic guide plate is arranged in the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity, a filter layer bracket is arranged on the bottom surface of the filter layer, an access hole is arranged at the top end of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity, and a cover plate in sealing fit with the access hole is arranged on the access hole; a first valve communicated with the second cavity is arranged on one side of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity close to the second cavity, and a second valve communicated with the third cavity is arranged on the side surface of one side close to the third cavity; the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity is arranged on the side surface of one side of the enhanced nitrification region far away from the water guide port.

Preferably, the enhanced denitrification region comprises a fourth cavity communicated with the third cavity through a water distribution pipe, a third guide plate is arranged on one side of the fourth cavity, a fifth cavity is arranged on one side of the third guide plate, a fourth guide plate is arranged on one side of the fifth cavity, a sixth cavity is arranged on one side of the fourth guide plate, and a water collection pipe is arranged on one side of the sixth cavity away from the fourth guide plate; the top end of the enhanced denitrification region is provided with a partition board matched with the enhanced nitrification region, and one end of the partition board, which is far away from the sixth cavity, is connected with the side wall of the fourth cavity through a water distribution pipe; one end of the third guide plate is connected with the partition plate, and the other end of the third guide plate is in clearance fit with the bottom surface of the fourth cavity; one end of the fourth guide plate is connected with the bottom surface of the sixth cavity, and the other end of the fourth guide plate is in clearance fit with the partition plate.

Preferably, the water collecting and draining mechanism comprises a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is connected with the sixth cavity body through a water collecting pipe, a water quality monitoring device is arranged in the water collecting tank, a water outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the water collecting tank, which is far away from the water collecting pipe, a return pipe communicated with the water inlet pipe is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and an automatic adjusting valve group is arranged at one end, which is far away from the return pipe and the water collecting tank, of the water outlet pipe; the return pipe is provided with an automatic adjusting valve group.

Preferably, the thickness of the soil layer is 15-35cm, and the soil layer comprises clay; the thickness of the anti-freezing heat-insulating layer is 20-40cm, and the anti-freezing heat-insulating layer comprises leaves and sawdust; the substrate filled in the first cavity is zeolite with the particle size of 30-50mm, and the thickness of the zeolite is 20-30 cm; the matrix filled in the second cavity is volcanic rock with the particle size of 10-20mm, and the thickness of the volcanic rock is 50-60 cm; the substrate filled in the third cavity is vermiculite with the particle size of 5-10mm, and the thickness of the vermiculite is 20-30 cm; the filler filled in the filtering layer is a magnesium modified carbon base with the grain diameter of 3-8 mm; the substrate filled in the fourth cavity is gravel with the particle size of 20-30 mm; the matrix filled in the fifth cavity is porcelain sand ceramsite or clay ceramsite with the particle size of 10-25 mm; the substrate in the sixth cavity is sand with the grain diameter of 3-10 mm.

Preferably, the automatic regulating valve group comprises a manual valve and an electric regulating valve; the water quality monitoring device, the telescopic guide plate, the lifting pump station, the electric regulating valve, the flow metering device, the aeration device, the first valve, the second valve, the water outlet regulating valve and the backflow regulating valve are all electrically connected with the PLC central control unit through communication lines; the flow metering device is an electromagnetic flow meter of 0-300 t/h; the water quality monitoring device is a COD total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen water quality on-line monitor.

Preferably, the inner wall surfaces of the water distribution mechanism, the enhanced nitrification region, the enhanced denitrification phosphorus removal region, the enhanced denitrification region and the water collection and drainage mechanism are respectively provided with a high-density polyethylene resin film with the thickness of 1.0-2.0mm, and the high-density polyethylene resin film is provided with geotextile.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

(1) the utility model discloses be equipped with quality of water yield monitoring system, this system is through the flow and the quality of water of intaking in the real-time supervision collection distribution tank, and the flow and the aeration rate of intaking that can the compound constructed wetland system of intelligent regulation have solved the big problem of rural sewage water yield coefficient of variation, make the water distribution of the compound constructed wetland of intaking more even, have improved the efficiency that compound constructed wetland got rid of the pollutant.

(2) The utility model discloses set up and reinforceed denitrogenation and removed the phosphorus district, be provided with removable filtering layer and pack the modified charcoal base of magnesium of 3-8mm in the filtering layer and pack in the denitrogenation is removed the phosphorus district and is filled, through the design of access hole, can change and maintain the filtering layer through opening the apron, the convenience is in time changed the modified charcoal base of magnesium in the filtering layer and is filled, can avoid the easy problem that blocks up and be difficult for changing of matrix in traditional constructed wetland system.

(3) The utility model discloses be first cavity at horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland promptly, the second cavity, third cavity and perpendicular undercurrent constructed wetland promptly fourth cavity, the fifth cavity, it is different to fill the kind in each cavity of sixth cavity, six kinds of fillers that adsorption property is different, full play matrix is to the absorption of pollutant, hold back and deposit the purification ability, make organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus in the sewage effectively stop in the system, finally by the microorganism on the matrix under the condition of difference through assimilation, nitrify and the denitrification and finally get rid of, the specially adapted rural sewage has the characteristic of high nitrogen phosphorus.

(4) The sewage flowing into the water distribution tank is lifted to the water distribution pipe through the lifting pump station, so that the sewage sequentially flows through the first cavity and the sixth cavity, the substrate utilization rate in each cavity is improved by increasing the sewage flow path through the flow guide of the inclined first guide plate and the inclined second telescopic guide plate, and the substrate in each cavity is prevented from moving and concentrating along the water flow direction under the action of sewage flow by virtue of the first guide plate and the second telescopic guide plate which are horizontally inclined upwards by a certain angle, so that the problem of blockage caused by uneven distribution of the substrate is solved; the third guide plate and the fourth guide plate are arranged, so that the contact time and the contact area of sewage and matrix in the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity are increased when the sewage flows through the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity from the fourth cavity, the sewage treatment efficiency can be ensured, and the sewage purification performance is improved.

The utility model discloses a compound constructed wetland system is first cavity promptly by parallel arrangement's horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland in the horizontal direction, the second cavity, parallel arrangement's vertical undercurrent constructed wetland is the fourth cavity promptly in third cavity and the vertical direction, the fifth cavity, the sixth cavity constitutes, horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland is filled with under the oxygenation effect as the oxygen district, vertical undercurrent constructed wetland acts as the anoxic zone, and from the top down has increased soil horizon and the heat preservation that prevents frostbite on horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland matrix layer, even make in severe cold winter, because under cold-proof isolation layer effect, the device still can normal use, the environment of oxygen deficiency alternation and the nitrification and denitrification that the heat preservation is favorable to the nitrogen element that prevents frostbite, and the work efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite artificial wetland system for sewage treatment in the utility model in embodiment 1.

In the figure, 1, a water distribution mechanism, 1-1, a water distribution tank, 1-2, a water inlet pipe, 1-3, a lifting pump station, 1-4, a water quality and water level monitoring device, 1-5, an automatic regulating valve bank, 1-6, a flow metering device, 1-7, a water distribution pipe, 1-8, an aeration device, 2, a strengthened nitrification region, 2-1, emergent aquatic plants, 2-2, a soil layer, 2-3, an anti-freezing heat-insulating layer, 2-4, a first cavity, 2-5, a first guide plate, 2-6, a second cavity, 2-7, a second telescopic guide plate, 2-8 and a third cavity are arranged; 3. 3-1 parts of enhanced denitrification dephosphorization zone, 3-2 parts of cover plate, a first valve, 3-3 parts of filter layer, 3-4 parts of second valve, 3-5 parts of filter layer bracket, 4 parts of enhanced denitrification zone, 4-1 parts of water distribution pipe, 4-2 parts of fourth cavity, 4-3 parts of third guide plate, 4-4 parts of fifth cavity, 4-5 parts of fourth guide plate, 4-6 parts of sixth cavity, 4-7 parts of partition plate, 5 parts of water collection and drainage mechanism, 5-1 parts of water collection pipe, 5-2 parts of water quality monitoring device, 5-3 parts of water collection pool, 5-4 parts of water outlet pipe, 5-5 parts of automatic regulating valve bank, 5-6 parts of automatic regulating valve bank, 5-7 parts of backflow pipe, 6 parts of intelligent monitoring and control mechanism, 6-1 parts of communication line, 6-2 parts of water quality monitoring device, 5-3 parts of water collection pool, 5-4 parts of water outlet pipe, 5-5 parts of automatic regulating valve bank, 5-6 parts of automatic regulating valve bank, 5-7 parts of backflow pipe, 6 parts of intelligent monitoring and control mechanism, 6-1 parts of communication line, 6-2 parts of communication line, 6-3 parts of a PLC central control unit, 6-4 parts of a data acquisition and transmission device and 6-4 parts of a touch screen.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1:

a composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage structurally comprises a water distribution mechanism 1 and an intelligent monitoring control mechanism 6, wherein the water distribution mechanism 1 is connected with an enhanced nitrification region 2, the enhanced nitrification region 2 is connected with an enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region 3, the enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region 3 is connected with an enhanced denitrification region 4, and the enhanced denitrification region 4 is connected with a water collecting and draining mechanism 5; the water distribution mechanism 1 and the water collecting and draining mechanism 5 are matched with the intelligent monitoring control mechanism 6; the water distribution mechanism 1 comprises a water distribution pool 1-1, a water inlet pipe 1-2 is arranged on the water distribution pool 1-1, a lifting pump station 1-3 and a water quality and water level monitoring device 1-4 are arranged in the water distribution pool 1-1, and the water quality and water level monitoring device 1-4 comprises a water level sensor and a water quality monitoring device 5-2; the intelligent monitoring control mechanism 6 comprises a PLC central control unit 6-2, and the PLC central control unit 6-2 is connected with a touch screen 6-4 through a data acquisition and transmission device 6-3; the enhanced nitrification region 2 comprises a third cavity 2-8, a second telescopic guide plate 2-7 is arranged at the top end of the third cavity 2-8, a second cavity 2-6 is arranged on the second telescopic guide plate 2-7, a first guide plate 2-5 is arranged at the top end of the second cavity 2-6, a first cavity 2-4 is arranged on the first guide plate 2-5, an anti-freezing heat preservation layer 2-3 is arranged at the top end of the first cavity 2-4, a soil layer 2-2 is laid on the anti-freezing heat preservation layer 2-3, and a emerged plant 2-1 is arranged in the soil layer 2-2. A water distribution port is arranged on the side surface of the first cavity 2-4 and is communicated with a water outlet of the lifting pump station 1-3 through a water distribution pipe 1-7; the water distribution pipe 1-7 is provided with an automatic regulating valve group 1-5, a flow metering device 1-6 and an aeration device 1-8; one end of the first guide plate 2-5 far away from the water distribution port is provided with a water guide port communicated with the second cavity 2-6. The first guide plate 2-5 and the second guide plate are arranged along the horizontal direction and incline upwards by 5-10 degrees.

The enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal area 3 comprises an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity matched with the second cavity 2-6 and the third cavity 2-8, a filter layer 3-3 in sealing fit with the second telescopic guide plate 2-7 is arranged in the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity, a filter layer bracket 3-5 is arranged on the bottom surface of the filter layer 3-3, an access hole is formed in the top end of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity, and a cover plate 3-1 in sealing fit with the access hole is arranged on the access hole; a first valve 3-2 communicated with the second cavity 2-6 is arranged on one side of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity close to the second cavity 2-6, and a second valve 3-4 communicated with the third cavity 2-8 is arranged on the side surface of one side close to the third cavity 2-8; the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity is arranged on the side surface of one side of the enhanced nitrification region 2 far away from the water guide port. The enhanced denitrification area 4 comprises a fourth cavity 4-2 communicated with a third cavity 2-8 through a water distribution pipe 4-1, one side of the fourth cavity 4-2 is provided with a third guide plate 4-3, one side of the third guide plate 4-3 is provided with a fifth cavity 4-4, one side of the fifth cavity 4-4 is provided with a fourth guide plate 4-5, one side of the fourth guide plate 4-5 is provided with a sixth cavity 4-6, and one side of the sixth cavity 4-6, which is far away from the fourth guide plate 4-5, is provided with a water collection pipe 5-1; the top end of the enhanced denitrification zone 4 is provided with a partition plate 4-7 matched with the enhanced nitrification zone 2, and one end of the partition plate 4-7 far away from the sixth cavity 4-6 is connected with the side wall of the fourth cavity 4-2 through a water distribution pipe 4-1; one end of the third guide plate 4-3 is connected with the partition plate 4-7, and the other end of the third guide plate is in clearance fit with the bottom surface of the fourth cavity 4-2; one end of a fourth guide plate 4-5 is connected with the bottom surface of the sixth cavity 4-6, and the other end is in clearance fit with the partition plate 4-7. The water collecting and draining mechanism 5 comprises a water collecting tank 5-3, the water collecting tank 5-3 is connected with a sixth cavity 4-6 through a water collecting pipe 5-1, a water quality monitoring device 5-2 is arranged in the water collecting tank 5-3, a water outlet pipe 5-4 is arranged on one side of the water collecting tank 5-3, which is far away from the water collecting pipe 5-1, a return pipe 5-7 communicated with the water inlet pipe 1-2 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 5-4, the return pipe 5-7 is far away from the water outlet pipe 5-4, and an automatic regulating valve group 5-5 is arranged at one end of the water collecting tank 5-3; an automatic adjusting valve group 5-6 is arranged on the return pipe 5-7.

The thickness of the soil layer 2-2 is 15-35cm, and the soil layer 2-2 comprises clay; the thickness of the anti-freezing heat-insulating layer 2-3 is 20-40cm, and the anti-freezing heat-insulating layer 2-3 comprises leaves and sawdust; the substrate filled in the first cavity 2-4 is zeolite with the grain diameter of 30-50mm, and the thickness of the zeolite is 20-30 cm; the matrix filled in the second cavity 2-6 is volcanic rock with the particle size of 10-20mm, and the thickness of the volcanic rock is 50-60 cm; the matrix filled in the third cavities 2-8 is vermiculite with the grain diameter of 5-10mm, and the thickness of the vermiculite is 20-30 cm; the filler filled in the filtering layers 3-3 is a magnesium modified carbon base with the grain diameter of 3-8 mm; the substrate filled in the fourth cavity 4-2 is gravel with the particle size of 20-30 mm; the matrix filled in the fifth cavity 4-4 is porcelain sand ceramsite or clay ceramsite with the particle size of 10-25 mm; the substrate in the sixth cavity 4-6 is sand with the grain diameter of 3-10 mm. The automatic regulating valve groups 1-5, 5-5 and 5-6 comprise manual valves and electric regulating valves; the water quality monitoring device 5-2, the telescopic guide plate, the lifting pump station 1-3, the electric regulating valve, the flow metering device 1-6, the aeration device 1-8, the first valve 3-2, the second valve 3-4, the water outlet regulating valve and the backflow regulating valve are all electrically connected with the PLC central control unit 6-2 through a communication line 6-1; the flow metering device 1-6 is an electromagnetic flow meter of 0-300 t/h; the water quality monitoring device 5-2 is a COD total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen water quality on-line monitor. The inner wall surfaces of the water distribution mechanism 1, the enhanced nitrification region 2, the enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region 3, the enhanced denitrification region 4 and the water collection and drainage mechanism 5 are respectively provided with a high-density polyethylene resin film with the thickness of 1.0-2.0mm, and the high-density polyethylene resin film is provided with a geotextile.

When in use, sewage enters a distribution tank 1-1 of a water distribution mechanism 1 through a water inlet pipe 1-2, a lifting pump station 1-3 lifts the sewage into a distribution pipe 1-7, a water quality and water level monitoring device 1-4 in the distribution tank 1-1 detects the sewage in the distribution tank 1-1 in real time, detected data are transmitted to a PLC central control unit 6-2, after the water quality and the water inflow flow rate are comprehensively considered (when the water level in the distribution tank 1-1 exceeds the average water level, a valve is properly adjusted to increase the water distribution flow rate, when the water level in the distribution tank 1-1 is lower than the average water level, the valve is properly adjusted to decrease the water distribution flow rate, the average water level is calculated by the average sewage amount in rural areas monitored by a monitoring station before the system operates), the PLC central control unit 6-2 adjusts electric adjusting valves on the lifting pump station 1-3 and an automatic adjusting valve group 1-5, the flow metering devices 1 to 6 detect the flow in the water distribution pipes 1 to 7 in real time, thereby realizing the intelligent adjustment of the water distribution flow and the flow velocity of the composite artificial wetland system, solving the problems of obvious change of rural sewage water volume, discontinuous sewage discharge state and even possible cutoff, ensuring that the water distribution of the water inlet composite artificial wetland is more uniform, and improving the pollutant removal efficiency of the composite artificial wetland; sewage in the water distribution pipe 1-7 flows into a first cavity 2-4 of the enhanced nitrification region 2 under the action of a lifting pump station 1-3, is filtered by zeolite matrix in the first cavity 2-4, flows into a second cavity 2-6 through a water guide port on one side of a first guide plate 2-5, is filtered by volcanic rock matrix in the second cavity 2-6, and is converged in the second cavity 2-6, when the sewage is converged to a certain degree, the sewage flows into an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal region 3 from a first valve 3-2, the sewage in the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity passes through a filter layer 3-3 under the action of gravity, and is filtered by magnesium modified carbon-based filler in the filter layer 3-3, a filter layer support 3-5 plays the roles of supporting and fixing the filter layer 3-3, and the sewage flowing to the bottom of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity flows into a third cavity 2-8 from the second valve 3-4 Because of the blocking of the partition board 4-7, the sewage flows to the water distribution pipe 4-1 in the third cavity 2-8 along the partition board 4-7, after being filtered by the vermiculite matrix in the third cavity 2-8, the sewage flows to the fourth cavity 4-2 of the intensified denitrification region 4 from the water distribution pipe 4-1 at the bottom of the inner side of the third cavity 2-8, after being filtered by the gravel matrix in the fourth cavity 4-2, the sewage flows to the fifth cavity 4-4 from the gap between the third guide plate 4-3 and the bottom surface of the fourth cavity 4-2, the sewage is continuously gathered in the fifth cavity 4-4, because the sewage continuously flows to the fourth cavity 4-2 from the third cavity 2-8, the sewage in the fifth cavity 4-4 can not flow to the fourth cavity 4-2, when the sewage in the fifth cavity 4-4 rises to a certain water level, the sewage in the fifth cavity 4-4 flows to the sixth cavity 4-6 from the gap between the fourth guide plate 4-5 and the partition plate 4-7, and the sewage is filtered by porcelain sand ceramsite or clay ceramsite matrix in the fifth cavity 4-4; after being filtered by sandstone matrixes, sewage flowing into the sixth cavity 4-6 flows into the collecting tank 5-3 from the collecting pipe 5-1, and after entering the collecting tank 5-3 of the water collecting and draining mechanism 5, the water quality in the collecting tank 5-3 is detected in real time by the water quality monitoring device 5-2 in the collecting tank 5-3, and if the water quality reaches the standard, the sewage is directly drained through the water outlet pipe 5-4; if the content of nitrogen and organic matters in the water is detected to exceed the preset threshold value of the PLC central control unit 6-2 of the intelligent monitoring control mechanism 6, the PLC central control unit 6-2 closes an electric regulating valve in an automatic regulating valve group 5-5 on a water outlet pipe 5-4 through a data acquisition and transmission device 6-3, opens an electric regulating valve in the automatic regulating valve group 5-6 on a return pipe 5-7, and controls an aeration device 1-8 to increase the aeration amount of sewage in a water distribution pipe 1-7, so that the quality of the outlet water of the composite artificial wetland system is ensured to reach the standard. Wherein, the retention time and the flow velocity of the sewage in the enhanced denitrification dephosphorization zone 3 are controlled by a first valve 3-2, and the specific opening is determined by the data of nitrogen and phosphorus detected in a water quality monitoring device 5-2 in a water collecting tank 5-3; when the filter layer 3-3 is blocked after being used for a period of time and water is obviously not smooth, the filter layer 3-3 needs to be replaced, the touch screen 6-4 is used for controlling the second telescopic guide plate 2-7 to shrink, the first valve 3-2 and the second valve 3-4 are closed, the cover plate 3-1 is opened, the filter layer 3-3 is taken out completely through the access hole, the new filter layer 3-3 is fixed on the filter layer bracket 3-5 again, then the first valve 3-2 and the second valve 3-4 are opened, the touch screen 6-4 is used for controlling the second telescopic guide plate 2-7 to extend, the cover plate 3-1 is covered, and the whole filter layer 3-3 replacing process is completed; wherein, an electric push rod can be arranged on the second telescopic guide plate 2-7 to drive the second telescopic guide plate 2-7 to be telescopic, and an elastic folding cloth is arranged on the electric push rod to prevent the sewage from influencing the operation of the electric push rod. The filtering layer 3-3 is made of 3-8mm magnesium modified carbon-based material (prepared by selecting agricultural and forestry waste (straw, rice hull, fruit shell and the like) as biomass raw material and modifying with magnesium salt). Because the pH value in the eutrophic water body rich in nitrogen and phosphorus is usually higher and alkalescent, and the carbon-based material is also usually alkalescent, under the condition, the phosphate radical and ammonium radical in the sewage are subjected to chemical reaction on the magnesium modified carbon-based material, supersaturated solution formed by the reaction spontaneously forms crystal nuclei and grows up, and precipitate solid obtained after the crystal grows up is struvite, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the rural sewage with high nitrogen and phosphorus is realized, and meanwhile, the struvite as an excellent agricultural slow-release fertilizer can be directly applied to farmlands, so that the secondary utilization of wastes and the harmless management are realized. In addition, the reinforced denitrification and dephosphorization region 3 is arranged and arranged outside the wetland body, so that the timely replacement of the magnesium modified carbon-based material is facilitated, and the problems that the substrate of the traditional constructed wetland system is easy to block and is difficult to replace are solved.

The utility model discloses a compound constructed wetland system is first cavity 2-4 promptly by parallel arrangement's horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland in the horizontal direction, second cavity 2-6, fourth cavity 4-2 promptly is distinguished to parallel arrangement's vertical undercurrent artificial wet in third cavity 2-8 and the vertical direction, fifth cavity 4-4, sixth cavity 4-6 constitutes, horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland is acted as aerobic zone under aeration equipment 1-8's oxygenation, dissolved oxygen in the sewage is consumed by microorganism assimilation and aquatic animal in horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland, when sewage flows in vertical undercurrent constructed wetland through water distribution pipe 4-1, dissolved oxygen consumes in the sewage in a large number, vertical undercurrent constructed wetland acts as anoxic zone this moment. And moreover, a soil layer 2-2 and an anti-freezing heat-insulating layer 2-3 are added on the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland substrate layer from top to bottom, so that the device can still be normally used even in severe cold winter due to the action of the heat-insulating isolation layer, the aerobic and anoxic alternate environment, the multi-stage pollution reduction process and the heat-insulating layer are beneficial to the nitrification and denitrification of nitrogen, the removal rate of the nitrogen is increased, and the working efficiency of the whole system is improved.

Example 2:

a composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage is different from the embodiment 1 in that: and a water inlet control valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe 1-2 and is electrically connected with the PLC central control unit 6-2.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, but rather as the following description is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage is characterized by comprising a water distribution mechanism and an intelligent monitoring control mechanism, wherein the water distribution mechanism is connected with an enhanced nitrification region, the enhanced nitrification region is connected with an enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region, the enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region is connected with an enhanced denitrification region, and the enhanced denitrification region is connected with a water collecting and draining mechanism; the water distribution mechanism and the water collection and drainage mechanism are matched with the intelligent monitoring control mechanism; the water distribution mechanism comprises a water distribution tank, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water distribution tank, a lifting pump station and a water quality and water level monitoring device are arranged in the water distribution tank, and the water quality and water level monitoring device comprises a water level sensor and a water quality monitoring device; the intelligent monitoring control mechanism comprises a PLC central control unit, and the PLC central control unit is connected with a touch screen through a data acquisition and transmission device; the strengthened nitrification region comprises a third cavity, a second telescopic guide plate is arranged at the top end of the third cavity, a second cavity is arranged on the second telescopic guide plate, a first guide plate is arranged at the top end of the second cavity, a first cavity is arranged on the first guide plate, an anti-freezing heat preservation layer is arranged at the top end of the first cavity, a soil layer is laid on the anti-freezing heat preservation layer, and emergent aquatic plants are arranged in the soil layer.

2. The composite artificial wetland system for treating rural sewage according to claim 1, wherein a water distribution port is arranged on the side surface of the first cavity and is communicated with a water outlet of the lifting pump station through a water distribution pipe; the water distribution pipe is provided with an automatic regulating valve group, a flow metering device and an aeration device; and one end of the first guide plate, which is far away from the water distribution port, is provided with a water guide port communicated with the second cavity.

3. The composite artificial wetland system for treating rural sewage of claim 2, wherein the first guide plate and the second guide plate are arranged along the horizontal direction and are inclined upwards by 5-10 degrees.

4. The composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage of claim 2, wherein the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal zone comprises an enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal chamber matched with the second chamber and the third chamber, a filter layer in sealing fit with the second telescopic guide plate is arranged in the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal chamber, a filter layer bracket is arranged on the bottom surface of the filter layer, an access hole is arranged at the top end of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal chamber, and a cover plate in sealing fit with the access hole is arranged on the access hole; a first valve communicated with the second cavity is arranged on one side of the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity close to the second cavity, and a second valve communicated with the third cavity is arranged on the side surface of one side close to the third cavity; the enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal cavity is arranged on the side surface of one side of the enhanced nitrification region far away from the water guide port.

5. The composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage of claim 4, wherein the enhanced denitrification zone comprises a fourth cavity communicated with the third cavity through a water distribution pipe, a third guide plate is arranged on one side of the fourth cavity, a fifth cavity is arranged on one side of the third guide plate, a fourth guide plate is arranged on one side of the fifth cavity, a sixth cavity is arranged on one side of the fourth guide plate, and a water collection pipe is arranged on one side of the sixth cavity away from the fourth guide plate; the top end of the enhanced denitrification region is provided with a partition board matched with the enhanced nitrification region, and one end of the partition board, which is far away from the sixth cavity, is connected with the side wall of the fourth cavity through a water distribution pipe; one end of the third guide plate is connected with the partition plate, and the other end of the third guide plate is in clearance fit with the bottom surface of the fourth cavity; one end of the fourth guide plate is connected with the bottom surface of the sixth cavity, and the other end of the fourth guide plate is in clearance fit with the partition plate.

6. The compound constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage of claim 5, wherein the water collecting and draining mechanism comprises a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is connected with the sixth cavity through a water collecting pipe, a water quality monitoring device is arranged in the water collecting tank, a water outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the water collecting tank away from the water collecting pipe, a return pipe communicated with the water inlet pipe is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and an automatic regulating valve group is arranged at one end of the water outlet pipe away from the return pipe and the water collecting tank; and an automatic adjusting valve group is arranged on the return pipe.

7. The composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage of claim 6, wherein the thickness of the soil layer is 15-35 cm; the thickness of the anti-freezing heat preservation layer is 20-40 cm.

8. The integrated constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage of claim 7, wherein the automatic regulating valve set comprises a manual valve and an electric regulating valve; the water quality monitoring device, the telescopic guide plate, the lifting pump station, the electric regulating valve, the flow metering device, the aeration device, the first valve, the second valve, the water outlet regulating valve and the backflow regulating valve are all electrically connected with the PLC central control unit through communication lines; the flow metering device is an electromagnetic flow meter of 0-300 t/h; the water quality monitoring device is an online COD total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen water quality monitor.

9. The composite constructed wetland system for treating rural sewage of claim 8, wherein the inner wall surfaces of the water distribution mechanism, the enhanced nitrification region, the enhanced denitrification and dephosphorization region, the enhanced denitrification region and the water collection and drainage mechanism are respectively provided with a high-density polyethylene resin film with the thickness of 1.0-2.0mm, and the high-density polyethylene resin film is provided with geotextiles.

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