CN113735270B - Green low-carbon ecological water purification system for river bank - Google Patents
Green low-carbon ecological water purification system for river bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN113735270B CN113735270B CN202110987848.8A CN202110987848A CN113735270B CN 113735270 B CN113735270 B CN 113735270B CN 202110987848 A CN202110987848 A CN 202110987848A CN 113735270 B CN113735270 B CN 113735270B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
Abstract
The invention provides a green low-carbon ecological water purification system for a river bank, which relates to the technical field of water environment treatment and comprises an ecological filter dam, a water storage tank and an ecological pond which are sequentially connected, wherein the ecological filter dam is stacked into a ladder shape by different packing layers, the position of an overflow port in the ladder-shaped dam body is designed to enable water flow in the dam body to be in a baffling type, and a plant plate is placed at the top of the dam body to plant plants; the water storage tank is provided with a stilling ridge and a tail sill, and the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a pipeline connected with the bottom of the ecological pond; a plant floating plate and a biological rope are hung in the water body in the ecological pond, and a plant buffer zone is arranged outside the ecological pond; according to the invention, a low-lying pool of a river ecological system is fully utilized, the front end of the stepped filter dam serves as a river bank dam, and the rear end of the stepped filter dam is dropped to supplement dissolved oxygen in a water body; the ecological pond feeds water from the bottom to solve the problem of dead water at the bottom of the pond, and the arrangement of pipelines can realize the quick drainage of a river channel in a rich water period and the direct water supplement of the river channel in a dry water period; the system provided by the invention has the advantages that the water body automatically flows, falls into water for aeration, and is purified in a green low-carbon mode, and meanwhile, the landscape effect is exerted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water environment treatment, in particular to a green low-carbon ecological water purification system for river banks.
Background
In recent years, when urbanization of villages and towns is developed at a high speed, increasingly more domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and initial rainwater gradually weaken or even lose the original self-cleaning capacity of a river channel, the concentration of various pollutants in a water body is increased, water quality is deteriorated, and the life of surrounding residents is seriously influenced, especially in rainy seasons.
The two sides of the riverway in the village and town are provided with large and small abandoned low-lying pits, the two sides are in a drought or dead water state all the year round, and a bypass ecological treatment system is designed by utilizing the advantage of topography difference, so that the riverway water body can be purified, the landscape around the riverway can be beautified, and the comprehensive benefits of improving the health level of the riverway ecological system and improving the environment quality of the village and town are achieved.
Ecological filter dam receives the concern because it can purify river quality of water in situ, makes pollutant and filter material contact time shorter because the restriction of dam body volume, promotes the quality of water effect unsatisfactory to generally plant the top of ecological filter dam with the plant, the plant can't be difficult to exert pollutant interception function with the water contact during low water level, and long-term lack of water also can make the plant wither and die, increases the management degree of difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a green low-carbon ecological water purification system for a river bank, which is characterized in that an ecological filter dam is arranged into a multi-section stepped structure, so that water flow in a dam body flows in a baffling manner, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, and the water quality is improved; meanwhile, the water flow baffling type flow ensures that plants at the top of the dam body are always in contact with the water body, so that the plants are prevented from withering and dying, and the management difficulty of a river channel ecological system is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a green low-carbon ecological water purification system for river banks comprises an ecological filter dam, a water storage tank and an ecological pond which are sequentially connected from the river outwards;
the ecological filtering dam comprises a front bank dam body, a middle dam body and a tail dam body, wherein the heights of the front bank dam body, the middle dam body and the tail dam body are sequentially reduced, a first filtering layer is filled in the front bank dam body, a second filtering layer is filled in the middle dam body, and a third filtering layer is filled in the tail dam body;
the section of the front bank dam body along the length direction is set to be a right trapezoid, the side, close to a river channel, of the front bank dam body is an inclined surface, and a first impermeable layer is attached to the inclined surface; an opening is formed in the bottom of the first seepage-proofing layer and is communicated with the river channel and the interior of the front bank dam body; a first overflow wall is arranged on the side surface of the front bank dam body opposite to the inclined surface, and a first overflow port is arranged above the first overflow wall;
the middle dam body is adjacent to the first overflow wall, a second overflow wall is arranged on the side wall of the middle dam body, which is far away from the front bank dam body, and a second overflow port is formed in the bottom of the second overflow wall;
the tail dam body is adjacent to the second overflow wall, a third overflow wall is arranged on the side wall of the tail dam body, which is far away from the middle dam body, and a third overflow port is arranged above the third overflow wall;
the water storage tank is adjacent to the third overflow wall, and the bottom of the water storage tank is communicated to the bottom of the ecological pond by a main water outlet pipe; a plant floating plate is arranged in the ecological pond, and floating-leaf plants are planted on the plant floating plate.
Furthermore, a plurality of water inlet branch pipes are arranged at the bottom of the ecological pond, the inlet ends of the water inlet branch pipes are connected to a water outlet main pipe of the water storage tank, and the water inlet branch pipes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the front end of the ecological pond;
a second impermeable layer, a soil layer and a gravel pressing layer are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the ecological pond from bottom to top, and the water inlet branch pipe is positioned above the gravel pressing layer; the second impermeable layer is an impermeable geomembrane, the filling material of the soil layer is a mixture of soil and slow-release fertilizer, and the particle size of the gravel covering layer is 30-50 mm.
Furthermore, one side of the water storage tank close to the third overflow wall is provided with a stilling threshold, one side of the water storage tank close to the ecological pond is provided with a tail threshold, the stilling threshold is of a slope structure from top to bottom, and the tail threshold is of a slope structure from bottom to top.
Further, the filler of the first filter layer is gravel, and the particle size of the gravel is 12-18 mm;
the filler of the second filter layer sequentially comprises an aluminum sludge composite filler, corncobs and zeolite from top to bottom, and the aluminum sludge composite filler and the corncobs are loaded by a steel bar monomer frame;
the filler of the third filter layer is zeolite, and the particle size of the zeolite is 10-16 mm.
Furthermore, an opening at the bottom of the first anti-seepage layer is connected with a water inlet main pipe, and a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe are arranged on the water inlet main pipe;
the first branch pipe is provided with a gate valve, and the water outlet end of the first branch pipe is communicated to the water outlet main pipe; the second branch pipe is provided with a water inlet lifting pump, and the water outlet end of the second branch pipe is communicated to the opening at the bottom of the first anti-seepage layer;
the ecological pond is provided with a water conveying pipeline, the water outlet end of the water conveying pipeline is communicated to a river channel, and a tail water lifting pump is arranged on the water conveying pipeline.
Furthermore, a square frame is further arranged in the ecological pond, a plurality of biological ropes are uniformly hung on opposite side edges of the square frame, a plurality of plant floating plates are uniformly distributed between the opposite side edges of the square frame in an array mode, and the two adjacent plant floating plates are connected through fiber ropes.
Furthermore, the first overflow port and the third overflow port are both arranged to be a first rectangular wave structure extending to the top of the wall body, and the second overflow port is arranged to be a second rectangular wave structure extending to the bottom of the wall body.
Furthermore, the cross sections of the force eliminating threshold and the tail sill along the length direction are both set to be right-angled triangles, and the hypotenuses of the two right-angled triangles are opposite.
Furthermore, a plant buffer zone is arranged on the periphery of the ecological pond.
Furthermore, plant plates are arranged at the tops of the front bank dam body, the middle dam body and the tail dam body, and emergent aquatic plants are planted on the plant plates.
According to the technical scheme, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention discloses a green low-carbon ecological water purification system for a riverway bank, which comprises an ecological filtering dam, a water storage tank and an ecological pond, wherein the ecological filtering dam, the water storage tank and the ecological pond are sequentially connected and arranged from the riverway to the outside; the ecological filtering dam comprises a front bank dam body, a middle dam body and a tail dam body, wherein the heights of the front bank dam body, the middle dam body and the tail dam body are sequentially decreased; the ecological filter dam is arranged to be in a ladder shape, a multi-level filler layer can be designed according to actual terrain difference, water drop aeration is realized, a water body flows in a baffling mode, an aerobic and anaerobic area is formed, the retention time of the water body in the filter dam is prolonged, the water level at the top of the filter dam is fully ensured to ensure the growth moisture of plants, the filler, the plants and microorganisms are favorable for adsorbing and degrading pollutants, and the purification function is improved; corncobs are added into the ecological filter dam filler as a biomass carbon source and are positioned on the upper layer of the second filler layer, so that the ecological filter dam filler is convenient to replace in time and is simple to operate.
2. According to the invention, water falls into the ecological pond, the problem of oxygen deficiency of the ecological pond is effectively solved by water fall aeration, and the water flows into the ecological pond from the bottom of the ecological pond, so that the bottom dead water phenomenon of the ecological pond can be effectively relieved; ecological dam crest plant of straining is planted on the plant board for plant species plants more evenly, prevents effectively that the plant from empting sparsely, rotten pollution phenomenon, and plant floating plate passes through the elastic fiber rope connection in the ecological pond, conveniently plants and changes the plant.
3. According to the invention, the pipelines have different connection modes according to the seasonal change, so that the rapid drainage of the river channel in the rich water period can be realized, the water can be directly supplemented to the river channel in the low water period, and the influence of the seasonal change on the ecological system is reduced.
4. The water body of the purification system of the invention flows automatically, falls into water for aeration, and supplements dissolved oxygen in the water body, no additional power equipment is needed, and aquatic plants can absorb CO while removing water body pollutants2The landscape has the functions of low carbon and energy saving and can play the role of landscape.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a front view of a green low-carbon ecological water purification system of a river bank;
fig. 2 is a top view of the green low-carbon ecological water purification system of the riverway bank;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the first overflow wall or the third overflow wall of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a second overflow wall of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a branch pipe of the ecological pond;
fig. 6 is a structural arrangement diagram in the water body of the ecological pond.
In the figure, the specific meaning of each mark is:
1-ecological filtering dam; 2-a water storage tank; 3-an ecological pond; 4-water conveying pipeline; 5-a plant board; 6-water inlet main pipe; 7-a gate valve; 8-a water inlet lift pump; 9-tail water lift pump; 101-front bank dam body; 102-middle dam body; 103-tail dam body; 104-a first barrier layer; 105-a first overflow wall; 106-second overflow wall; 107-third overflow wall; 108-gravel; 109-aluminum sludge composite filler; 110-corncob; 111-zeolite; 201-Xiaolikan; 202-a tail threshold; 203-a water outlet main pipe; 301-water inlet branch pipe; 302-a second barrier layer; 303-a soil layer; 304-gravel pack; 305-floating leaf plant layer; 306-a plant float plate; 307-light stainless steel pipe frame; 308-biological cord; 309-fiber rope; 310-plant buffer zone.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Similarly, the singular forms "a," "an," or "the" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or the like, mean that the elements or items listed before "comprises" or "comprising" encompass the features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components listed after "comprising" or "comprising," and do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Based on the fact that a plurality of abandoned low-lying pits in a dry or dead water state often exist on two sides of a current river channel, water quality is poor, and life of surrounding residents is influenced; in the ecological filter dam for improving water quality designed in the prior art, due to the limitation of the volume of the dam body, the contact time of polluted water and filter materials is short, so that the water quality improvement effect is not ideal, and plants planted at the top of the dam body cannot be in continuous contact with a water body due to the change of the water level of a river channel, so that the plants are dried and dead after long-term development; the invention aims to disclose a green low-carbon ecological water purification system for a river bank, which is characterized in that an ecological filter dam is arranged into a multi-section stepped structure, so that water flow in a dam body flows in a baffling manner, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, the water quality is improved, plants at the top of the dam body are always in contact with the water body, and the plants are prevented from withering and dying; meanwhile, on one hand, the plants are planted on the plant plate, so that the plants are more uniformly planted, and the phenomena of sparse dumping, rotting and pollution of the plants are effectively prevented; on the other hand, the plant floating plates in the ecological pond are connected through elastic fiber ropes, so that plants can be conveniently planted and replaced; the water body in the purification system flows in a self-flowing and water-dropping mode, and the concept of green and low carbon is embodied.
The green low-carbon ecological water purification system of the riverway bank is further specifically described below by combining the embodiment shown in the attached drawings.
The green low-carbon ecological water purification system of the riverway bank shown in the figure 1 comprises an ecological filter dam 1, a water storage tank 2 and an ecological pond 3 which are sequentially connected from the riverway to the outside, riverway water is led to the ecological pond 3 from the ecological filter dam 1, and is lifted to the original riverway through a water conveying pipeline 4 after being purified.
The ecological filtering dam 1 comprises a front bank dam body 101, a middle dam body 102 and a tail dam body 103, as shown in the figure, the heights of the front bank dam body 101, the middle dam body 102 and the tail dam body 103 are sequentially decreased, a first filter layer is filled in the front bank dam body 101, a second filter layer is filled in the middle dam body 102, and a third filter layer is filled in the tail dam body 103; in the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, the height of the dam body is sequentially decreased by 200mm-250 mm. River course water passes through each filter layer from bottom to top in proper order, and the water flows through the baffling mode in the dam body, fully prolongs the dwell time of water in straining the dam, purifies aquatic pollutant, promotes quality of water.
The section of the front bank dam body along the length direction is set to be a right trapezoid, the side of the front bank dam body close to the river channel is an inclined plane, and a first impermeable layer 104 is attached to the inclined plane; an opening is formed in the bottom of the first impermeable layer 104, the opening is communicated with the river channel and the interior of the front bank dam body 101, river channel water is introduced into the front bank dam body 101, the first impermeable layer is made by mixing gravel and loess, and impermeable materials are added into the loess; a first overflow wall 105 is arranged on the side surface of the front bank dam body 101 opposite to the inclined surface, and a first overflow port is arranged above the first overflow wall 105; the middle dam body 102 is adjacent to the first overflow wall 105, the side wall of the middle dam body 102, which is far away from the front bank dam body 101, is provided with a second overflow wall 106, and the bottom of the second overflow wall 106 is provided with a second overflow port; the tail dam body 103 is adjacent to the second overflow wall 106, the side wall of the tail dam body 103 far away from the middle dam body 102 is provided with a third overflow wall 107, and a third overflow port is arranged above the third overflow wall 107; the first overflow wall 105, the second overflow wall 106 and the third overflow wall 107 are made of reinforced concrete, and the height of the overflow port is generally 50 mm.
In the embodiment, the filler of the first filter layer is gravel 108 with the particle size of 12-18 mm; the filler of the second filter layer is sequentially aluminum sludge composite filler 109, corncob 110 and zeolite 111 from top to bottom, and the aluminum sludge composite filler 109 and the corncob 110 are loaded by a steel bar monomer frame; the environment-friendly corncob 110 is selected as a biomass carbon source to promote denitrification, and the corncob and the aluminum sludge composite filler 109 are loaded by adopting a steel bar monomer frame and then placed on the upper layer of the middle dam body 102, so that the replacement and management are easy; the filler of the third filter layer is zeolite 111, and the size of the zeolite is 10-16 mm.
Referring to fig. 2, plant plates 5 are arranged at the tops of the front bank dam 101, the middle dam 102 and the tail dam 103, and emergent aquatic plants 112 are planted on the plant plates 5; the plant plate 5 is uniformly distributed with 30-50mm aperture and planting density of 20-25 plants/m2The plant cultivation is more uniform, emergent aquatic plants can be reinforced, the phenomena of sparse dumping and rotting pollution of the plants are effectively prevented, and the plants are conveniently planted, harvested and replaced. As shown in the combined drawings of fig. 3 and 4, the first overflow port and the third overflow port are both arranged to be of a first rectangular wave structure extending to the top of the wall body, the second overflow port is arranged to be of a second rectangular wave structure extending to the bottom of the wall body, and when the water body flows out of the first overflow port and the third overflow port, the water drop aeration is realized, so that the water-saving and environment-friendly water treatment device is low in carbon and environment-friendly. The technical effect that water flow in the dam body flows in a baffling mode is achieved by distributing overflow ports in an up-and-down staggered mode, the purpose of prolonging the hydraulic retention time is achieved, and plants on the top of the dam are guaranteed to be always in contact with a water body.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, in order to increase the dissolved oxygen content of the water body and prevent the water flow from directly flushing the ecological pond 3, the water storage tank 2 is arranged, that is, the water body overflowing from the third overflow port enters the water storage tank 2 in a water dropping mode, so that the dissolved oxygen of the water body is increased, the oxygen deficiency problem of the ecological pond 3 is effectively relieved, and meanwhile, the large potential energy is prevented from flushing the ecological pond 3.
The position of the water storage tank 2 is adjacent to the third overflow wall 107, and the bottom of the water storage tank 2 is communicated to the bottom of the ecological pond 3 by adopting a water outlet header pipe 203; a plant floating plate 306 is arranged in the ecological pond 3, floating-leaf plants 312 are planted on the plant floating plate 306, and the plant floating plate 306 and the floating-leaf plants 312 on the plant floating plate form a floating-leaf plant layer 305 floating on the water body surface of the ecological pond 3. As shown in FIG. 5, the bottom of the front end of the ecological pond 3 is provided with a plurality of water inlet branch pipes 301 which are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ecological pond 3, so that the problem of dead water at the bottom of the ecological pond 3 can be effectively solved by water inlet from the bottom, and the water inlet branch pipes 301 can be arranged to reduce the scouring of water bodies on partial silt.
In specific implementation, a stilling threshold 201 is arranged on one side of the water storage tank 2 close to the third overflow wall 107, a tail sill 202 is arranged on one side close to the ecological pond 3, the stilling threshold 201 is of a slope structure from top to bottom, and the tail sill 202 is of a slope structure from bottom to top. The absorption sill 201 and the tail sill 202 are jointly used as energy dissipaters to prevent the water fall from scouring the sludge at the bottom of the ecological pond 3; specifically, the cross sections of the absorption sill 201 and the tail sill 202 along the length direction are both set to be right triangles, and the hypotenuses of the two right triangles are opposite to each other and used as the water blocking surface of the water storage tank 2.
A second impermeable layer 302, a soil layer 303 and a gravel coating layer 304 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the ecological pond 3 from bottom to top, and the water inlet branch pipe 301 is positioned above the gravel coating layer 304; the second impermeable layer 302 is an impermeable geomembrane, the soil layer 303 is a mixture of soil and a slow release fertilizer, and the fertilizer is slowly released to provide nutrients for submerged plants; the gravel pressing layer 304 has the gravel particle size of 30-50mm, and the gravel with the diameter of 30-50mm is scattered above the soil layer 303, so that the soil is prevented from directly entering a water body due to hydraulic action or fish disturbance and the like, and the water quality is prevented from being influenced.
Referring to fig. 6, a square frame is further disposed in the ecological pond 3, a plurality of biological ropes 308 are uniformly suspended on one opposite side of the square frame, a plurality of plant floating plates 306 are uniformly distributed between the other opposite side of the square frame in an array manner, and two adjacent plant floating plates 306 are connected by using a fiber rope 309. Specifically, a square frame adopts a light stainless steel pipe frame 307, floating-leaf plants 312 are planted on a plant floating plate 306, the plant floating plate 306 is welded with the light stainless steel pipe frame 307, the light stainless steel pipe frame 307 is supported by the plant floating plate 306 and the buoyancy of the plants to float on the water surface, biological ropes 308 are uniformly hung on the stainless steel pipe frame, the biological ropes and the plants are distributed on different vertical surfaces to reduce interference between the biological ropes and the plants, the plant floating plates 306 are connected through a fiber rope 309, and the fiber rope at the outermost end can be connected with a fixture outside an ecological pond 3, so that the management of the plant floating plate 306 is facilitated; a plant buffer zone 310 is arranged at the periphery of the ecological pond 3, so that rainwater pollutants are reduced and directly enter the pond.
In order to adapt to different water volumes stored in riverways in different seasons, the water body is purified through the ecological filtering dam 1 all the time; an opening at the bottom of the first impermeable layer 104 is connected with a water inlet main pipe 6, and the water inlet main pipe 6 is provided with a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe; wherein, the first branch pipe is provided with a gate valve 7, and the water outlet end of the first branch pipe is communicated to the water outlet main pipe 203; the second branch pipe is provided with a water inlet lift pump 8, and the water outlet end of the second branch pipe is communicated to the opening at the bottom of the first impermeable layer 104; the ecological pond 3 is provided with a water conveying pipeline 4, the water outlet end of the water conveying pipeline 4 is communicated to a river channel, a tail water lifting pump 9 is arranged on the water conveying pipeline 4, and the purified water body is lifted to the original river channel through the pipeline.
When the water level of the river channel is at the normal water level, the water body automatically flows through the ecological filtering dam 1 through the water inlet main pipe 6, overflows and falls into the ecological pond 3 through the water inlet branch pipe 301 after being aerated into the water storage tank 2, the water body is relieved of oxygen deficiency through the water falling aeration, water body pollutants are removed under the combined action of plants, microorganisms and fillers, the purified water body is lifted to the original river channel through the tail water lifting pump 9, and the lifting pump belongs to a water conveying system.
When the water level of the river channel is in a water-rich period, the gate valve 7 is opened, a part of river channel water body automatically flows through the water inlet main pipe 6 and is filtered by the ecological filtering dam 1, the water body overflows and falls into the water storage tank 3, a part of falling water body flows into the ecological pond 3 through the water outlet main pipe 203 at the bottom of the water storage tank, a part of falling water body can overflow to the ecological pond 3 through the tail sill 202, the other part of river channel water body directly flows into the ecological pond 3 through the first branch pipe of the water inlet main pipe 6, the hydraulic load of the ecological filtering dam 1 is reduced, water pollutants are removed under the combined action of plants, microorganisms and fillers, and the purified water body is lifted to the original river channel through the tail water lifting pump 9.
When the river channel is in a dry period, the gate valve 7 is opened, water is directly supplemented from the river channel to the ecological pond 3, the plant growth in the ecological pond 3 is ensured, the ecological filter dam 1 is in an off-state, the excessive accumulation of organic matters and extracellular polymers in the filler gaps can be effectively reduced, and the blockage is effectively prevented; if the dry period is too long, the gate valve 7 is closed, the water inlet lifting pump 8 is opened, the river water body flows through the ecological filter dam 1 and then enters the ecological pond 3, and the activity of plants and microorganisms in the ecological filter dam 1 is ensured.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A green low-carbon ecological water purification system of a riverway bank is characterized by comprising an ecological filter dam, a water storage tank and an ecological pond which are sequentially connected from the riverway to the outside;
the ecological filtering dam comprises a front bank dam body, a middle dam body and a tail dam body, wherein the heights of the front bank dam body, the middle dam body and the tail dam body are sequentially reduced, a first filtering layer is filled in the front bank dam body, a second filtering layer is filled in the middle dam body, and a third filtering layer is filled in the tail dam body;
the section of the front bank dam body along the length direction is set to be a right trapezoid, the side, close to a river channel, of the front bank dam body is an inclined surface, and a first impermeable layer is attached to the inclined surface; an opening is formed in the bottom of the first seepage-proofing layer and is communicated with the river channel and the interior of the front bank dam body; a first overflow wall is arranged on the side surface of the front bank dam body opposite to the inclined surface, and a first overflow port is arranged above the first overflow wall;
the middle dam body is adjacent to the first overflow wall, a second overflow wall is arranged on the side wall of the middle dam body, which is far away from the front bank dam body, and a second overflow port is formed in the bottom of the second overflow wall;
the tail dam body is adjacent to the second overflow wall, a third overflow wall is arranged on the side wall of the tail dam body, which is far away from the middle dam body, and a third overflow port is arranged above the third overflow wall;
the water storage tank is adjacent to the third overflow wall, and the bottom of the water storage tank is communicated to the bottom of the ecological pond by a main water outlet pipe; a plant floating plate is arranged in the ecological pond, and floating-leaf plants are planted on the plant floating plate;
the opening at the bottom of the first anti-seepage layer is connected with a water inlet main pipe, and a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe are arranged on the water inlet main pipe; the first branch pipe is provided with a gate valve, and the water outlet end of the first branch pipe is communicated to the water outlet main pipe; the second branch pipe is provided with a water inlet lift pump, the water outlet end of the second branch pipe is communicated to the opening at the bottom of the first anti-seepage layer, and the water inlet lift pump belongs to a water delivery system;
the bottom of the ecological pond is provided with a plurality of water inlet branch pipes and a water conveying pipeline, the inlet ends of the water inlet branch pipes are connected to a water outlet main pipe of the water storage tank, and the water inlet branch pipes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the front end of the ecological pond; the water outlet end of the water conveying pipeline is communicated to a river channel, and a tail water lift pump is arranged on the water conveying pipeline and belongs to a water conveying system.
2. The green low-carbon ecological water purification system on the river bank according to claim 1, wherein a second impermeable layer, a soil layer and a gravel covering layer are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the ecological pond from bottom to top, and the water inlet branch pipe is positioned above the gravel covering layer; the second impermeable layer is an impermeable geomembrane, the soil layer is a mixture of soil and slow-release fertilizer, and the particle size of gravel of the gravel covering layer is 30-50 mm.
3. The green and low-carbon ecological water purification system on the riverway bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein a force eliminating sill is arranged on one side of the water storage tank close to the third overflow wall, a tail sill is arranged on one side of the water storage tank close to the ecological pond, the force eliminating sill is of a self-upward slope structure, and the tail sill is of a self-downward slope structure.
4. The green low-carbon ecological water purification system on the riverway bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler of the first filter layer is gravel, and the particle size of the gravel is 12-18 mm;
the filler of the second filter layer sequentially comprises an aluminum sludge composite filler, corncobs and zeolite from top to bottom, and the aluminum sludge composite filler and the corncobs are loaded by a steel bar monomer frame;
the filler of the third filter layer is zeolite, and the particle size of the zeolite is 10-16 mm.
5. The green low-carbon ecological water purification system of the riverway bank as claimed in claim 2, wherein a square frame is further arranged in the ecological pond, a plurality of biological ropes are uniformly suspended on one opposite side of the square frame, a plurality of plant floating plates are uniformly distributed between the other opposite side of the square frame in an array manner, and two adjacent plant floating plates are connected by using fiber ropes.
6. The green low-carbon ecological water purification system of the riverway bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first overflow port and the third overflow port are both arranged in a first rectangular wave structure extending to the top of the wall body, and the second overflow port is arranged in a second rectangular wave structure extending to the bottom of the wall body.
7. The green and low-carbon ecological water purification system on the river bank as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cross sections of the sill and the sill along the length direction are set to be right triangles, and the hypotenuses of the two right triangles are opposite.
8. The green low-carbon ecological water purification system on the riverway bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plant buffer zone is arranged around the periphery of the ecological pond.
9. The green low-carbon ecological water purification system of the riverway bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein plant plates are arranged on the tops of the front bank dam, the middle dam and the tail dam, and emergent aquatic plants are planted on the plant plates.
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