CN105297671A - Ecological comprehensive treatment system of northern mountain river channel and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological comprehensive treatment system of northern mountain river channel and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological comprehensive treatment system of a northern mountain river channel. The system comprises three sub ecological systems of an ecological permeable dike built on the upstream of a main stream and a branch stream of a mountain river, a reservoir pond arranged at the middle and downstream area of the mountain river and a wet land communicated with the reservoir pond, and adopts an ecological treatment mode of closure-storage-preservation. The construction method comprises the steps of: a) building of the ecological permeable dike; b) setting of a triangular pyramidal wood pile stone cage; c) building of the reservoir pond; d) planting of plants of the reservoir pond; e) building of a wet land system; and f) recovery of a river bank band. The system and the construction method can effectively intercept the mountain debris flow and the river non-point source pollution, adjust the river runoff, improve the hydrologic conditions of the mountain river in non-flood season, decrease the dry season of the mountain river, and facilitate to recover the ecological system of the mountain river. Meanwhile, traditional depressions and empty ponds in the mountain river can be used in construction, so that the engineering building cost is reduced, and the self-cleaning capacity of river water is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system and construction process thereof, in particular, a kind of tributary in northern mountain stream upstream and intersection arranges ecological permeable dam, middle and lower reaches arrange the pool, storehouse and wetland mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system and construction process thereof is particularly related to.
Background technology
North hillside, mountain stream two sides many geotechnical structures, due to artificial destruction and heavy rain or lasting rainfall, cause mountain area severe water and soil erosion, and a large amount of silt and stone are swept away massif remittance river, cause serious harm to the mountain stream ecosystem; And because the northern mountain stream gradient is steep, produce that the concentration time is short, speed large, cause mountain stream pressure of flood large, also cause that river channel erosion is strong simultaneously, the form in river course and the ecological disruption phenomenon such as vegetation is single, River Bank Erosion is serious.Mountain stream mostly is ephemeral stream, and very faint to the pondage capacity of rainfall, water-holding capacity is poor, and the time in dry season is long, and Flood peak height amount is large, and not only big flood takes place frequently, and valuable water resource also flows away in vain.The especially northern mountain stream of mountain stream, annual rainfall is few, and extremely lack in non-flood period water resource, even dry, the hydraulic communication general character is poor, is unfavorable for the existence of vegetation and microorganism, destroys the stability of the ecosystem.
About the improvement of northern mountain stream mainly concentrates on the project content such as training of river channel, dike construct, Slope protection shore protection, show as three optical phenomenons such as high-wall is upright, river channelization more.These engineering measures no doubt can flood control and disaster reduction, but the ecosystem of mountain stream is not repaired.Therefore, in the urgent need to building mountain stream ecological riverway, ecological principle and river improvement engineering are combined, to develop mountain areas river ecosystem restoration and water correction technology, recover the mountain stream ecosystem, make it not only have flood control function, also there is water conservation, regulate microclimate, maintain the function such as Ecology and bio-diversity, realize people and get along amiably and peacefully in river.In general, the single pool, storehouse, river and wetland technology poor anti jamming capability, effluent quality is unstable, sustainability is low, large by the impact of the factors such as season, be difficult to the control objectives reached northern mountain stream flood control and disaster reduction and basin pollutant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned technical problem, provides a kind of northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system and construction process thereof.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, its special feature is: comprise and construct in the ecological permeable dam of northern mountain stream tributary and intersection thereof, the pool, storehouse being arranged at retaining and ecological recovery effect mountain stream middle and lower reaches and the wetland communicated with the pool, storehouse, ecological permeable dam is built to build by permeable structure stone and is formed, and ecological permeable dam has the effect of regulated flow flow, interception pollution of area source, stop sandstone and mud-rock flow; The pool, storehouse communicates with mountain stream, has accumulation, precipitation and interception river, extends the time of staying of river, recover river ecosystem, the effect of biological habitat is provided, plants in the pool, storehouse and be implanted with emergent aquactic plant, submerged plant and floating plant, to realize the effect reducing pollution of area source, purify water; Wetland has the effect of regulated flow, water moisture self restraint, landscape and restoration of the ecosystem, and plant in wetland and be implanted with water plant, wetland utilization soil matrix, water plant and microorganism purify further to water quality.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, described ecological permeable dam all has setting in mountain stream tributary and intersection thereof, and the dam body of ecological permeable dam is piled to build by rubble, sandstone and/or gravel building stones and formed; Ecological permeable dam back is low wide and up narrow stairstepping, and upstream face is fixed with pyrometric cone timber, is filled with the layer of gravel that the stone avoiding rolling down along river course directly clashes into dam body in pyrometric cone timber, described ecological permeable dam is planted and is implanted with water plant.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, the quantity on described ecological permeable dam and the pool, storehouse is one or more, and the pool, multiple storehouse communicates successively, to strengthen its retaining, flood control and detergent power; The surrounding on the pool, described storehouse is provided with bank buffer strip, and bank buffer strip adopts timber and gravel shore protection, bank buffer strip is planted and is implanted with water plant.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, comprises the river Riparian zone being arranged at the bank, river being communicated with the pool, storehouse and wetland, plants and be implanted with reed, calamus and cattail water plant in river Riparian zone.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, the emergent aquactic plant planted in the pool, described storehouse comprises reed and calamus, and submerged plant comprises hornwort and eel grass, and floating plant comprises duckweed and the fire hose.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, the water plant in described wetland comprises calamus, reed, iris.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, the position on the pool, described storehouse, form and the degree of depth are according to the topography and landform character of mountain stream locality, make full use of existing depression, the empty pool and open ground to build, recover natural landscape and the ecological functions in original river course.
The construction process of northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, its special feature is, is realized by following steps:
A). construct ecological permeable dam, the tributary of northern mountain stream and tributary cross formed master stream on all can ecological permeable dam be set, ecological permeable dam is constructed by rubble, sandstone and/or gravel building stones and is formed, ecological permeable dam can be tackled filtered water stream, cuts down river potential energy, stop sandstone block, has again certain water permeability; Meanwhile, ecological permeable dam back is arranged to low wide and up narrow stairstepping, to increase the fastness of dam body; B). triangular pyramidal timber gabion is set, after ecological permeable dam is built and built, at its upstream face fixed triangle taper timber, and gravel is filled in triangular pyramidal timber, build timber gabion, both ensure that water permeability, the stone in river can be avoided again the direct shock of dam body; C). build the ecological pool pool, in the open ground in mountain stream ecological permeable dam downstream, make full use of existing natural depression or to be built up monutainous regions the ecological pool pool by the mode of hand excavation, the pool, storehouse can build one, also can build the pool, multiple storehouse and be connected to form the pool, plural serial stage storehouse system; D). the plantation pool, storehouse plant, in the pool, storehouse, plant emergent aquactic plant, submerged plant and floating plant, to make the pool, storehouse, not only there is accumulation, precipitation and filter the effect of river, the effect also make it have stronger reduction pollution of area source, purifying water; E). build wet land system, be arranged in downstream, the mountain stream ecological pool pool open area wetland that the ecological pool pool communicates, and in wetland planting aquatic plants, utilize the soil matrix in wetland, water plant and microorganism to purify further water quality; F). recovering river Riparian zone, being communicated with the ecosystem of the pool, storehouse with the bank, recovery river, both sides, river of wetland, by bank, river planting aquatic plants, to provide biological habitat, reaching the object of recovery bank, the river ecosystem and river discharges.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention and construction process thereof, by arranging ecological permeable dam in mountain stream tributary and river confluence reaches, both achieve the effect of regulated flow flow, interception pollution of area source and stop mud-rock flow, in turn ensure that the permeability of water body; The pool, storehouse is set by the ecological permeable dam downstream at mountain stream, and setting endured water, swum and submerged plant in the pool, storehouse, achieve accumulation, precipitation, filter and buffering flood, and the effect reducing pollution of area source, purify water; By arranging wetland in the downstream on the pool, storehouse, and in wetland planting aquatic plants, the effect achieve further regulated flow, purifying water.North mountain stream is when non-flood period water resource extremely lacks, north mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system effectively can improve the hydrologic condition of mountain stream, and multistage effective accumulation is carried out to precipitation runoff, reduce Cut off and dry season number of days, be conducive to the recovery of river ecosystem and stable.
Mountain stream region, north annual rainfall is few, and season distribution is seriously uneven, effective precipitation focuses mostly in flood season, river is long for dry season, the present invention effectively can improve the hydrologic condition of mountain stream, realize the multistage effective accumulation to river ethic, reduce Cut off number of days, be conducive to the recovery of the mountain stream ecosystem.
Northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention and construction process thereof, effectively can retain mountain area mud-rock flow and river pollution of area source, regulate river ethic, improve the hydrologic condition of mountain stream at non-flood period, reduce the number of days in dry season of mountain stream, be conducive to recovering the mountain stream ecosystem.Meanwhile, structure of the present invention can utilize the existing depression of mountain stream and the empty pool, reduces engineering-built cost, improves river water self-purification capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the cross section of ecological permeable dam in the present invention.
In figure: 1 mountain stream, 2 ecological permeable dams, 3 pools, storehouse, 4 wetlands, 5 emergent aquactic plants, 6 submerged plants, 7 floating plants, 8 timbers, 9 gravels, 10 water plants, 11 triangular pyramidal timbers, 12 layer of gravel, 13 water plants, 14 stones, 15 river Riparian zone.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
For northern mountain stream ratio, the features such as large, river channel erosion is strong, Regulation capacity is weak, non-flood period water resource extremely lacks, the hydraulic communication general character is poor, ecosystem destruction is serious are fallen, and the uneven characteristic of mountain area pollution of area source space-time, the system such as river course, Ku Tang, irrigation canals and ditches, wetland how utilizing mountain area to put aside as useless carries out ecology synthesis improvement to northern mountain stream.The object of this invention is to provide a kind of northern mountain stream ecological permeable dam-Ku pool-Wetland ecological governing system and " cut-storing-Bao " ecological management pattern, this pattern effectively can retain mountain area mud-rock flow and river pollution of area source, regulate river ethic, strengthen the water-holding capacity of mountain stream, improve the hydrologic condition of mountain stream at non-flood period, reduce the number of days in dry season of mountain stream, be conducive to recovering the mountain stream ecosystem.
As shown in Figure 1, give the structural representation of northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system of the present invention, because northern mountain stream 1 has the advantages that river slope is large, river channel erosion is strong, if do not tackled river, precipitation runoff quick collecting easily causes the disaster such as mountain torrents, mud-rock flow.The master stream collecting formation in mountain stream 1 tributary and tributary all can arrange ecological permeable dam 2.The shown pool, storehouse is positioned at mountain stream 1, is formed according to existing depression or hand digging, and realize the effect to the accumulation flowing into water body, precipitation, purification and buffering flood, Ku Tangzhong is provided with emergent aquactic plant 5, submerged plant 6 and ascites plant 7.Shown wetland 4 communicates with the pool, storehouse 3, and plant in wetland 4 and be implanted with water plant, wetland 4 has the effect of regulated flow, water moisture self restraint, and wetland utilization soil matrix, water plant and microorganism purify further to water quality.
As shown in Figure 2, give the structural representation of the cross section of ecological permeable dam in the present invention, utilize in mountain stream 1 tributary and junction thereof the natural stones such as rubble, sandstone, gravel to construct ecological permeable dam, and on dam body planting aquatic plants 13.Ecological permeable dam back is low wide and up narrow stairstepping, and upstream face arranges triangular pyramidal timber 11, stacks gravel in timber, forms layer of gravel 12.The silt utilizing ecological permeable dam 2 and dam front triangle taper timber 11 and layer of gravel 12 to retain to be got off by Rainfall simulator erosion in hillside and stone, serve the effect of " cutting ", and by the Permeable characteristic of dam body, regulated flow flow, interception pollution of area source.
The pool, storehouse 3 that waters after ecological permeable dam 2 is arranged, the distinctive landforms in mountain area can be followed, shape that river carries, natural depression or hand excavation is utilized to form, the Main Function on the pool, storehouse is accumulation, precipitates and filter river, increase water retention capacity buffering mountain stream flood, serve the effect of " storing ".The form that the pool, storehouse can adopt the pool, multiple storehouse to be connected, to form Duo Ku pool system.Plant in the pool, storehouse 3 and be implanted with emergent aquactic plant 5, as reed and calamus, submerged plant 6, as hornwort and eel grass, floating plant 7, as duckweed and the fire hose.Simultaneously, also bank buffer strip can be set on the bank on the pool, storehouse 3, bank buffer strip is made up of timber 8 and gravel 9, it is planted and has the plant such as calamus, reed, buffer strip can improve self-purification capacity and the natural landscape in river, and in the pool, storehouse and the plant of bank buffer strip and microorganism etc. serve and cut down pollution of area source, the effect that purifies water.
River enters wetland 4 system behind the pool, storehouse 3, and wetland 4 is positioned at the open ground, downstream on the pool, storehouse, according to economical and efficient and community arrangement principle of optimality, plant in wetland reed, calamus, iris, etc. water plant.River Riparian zone 15 is set at the open place of landform of the both sides, river being communicated with the pool, storehouse and wetland, plant such as plantation reed, calamus etc.By wetland 4 regulated flow, water moisture self restraint, and utilize soil matrix, plant and microorganism further to purify water quality, serve the effect of " guarantor ".
North mountain stream is when non-flood period water resource extremely lacks, ecological permeable dam-Ku the pool-Wetland ecological governing system effectively can improve the hydrologic condition of mountain stream, and multistage effective accumulation is carried out to rainfall runoff, reduce Cut off number of days, the recovery being conducive to river ecosystem is stablized.Ecological permeable dam-Ku the pool-Wetland ecological governing system effectively can retain mountain area mud-rock flow and river pollution of area source, regulate river ethic, improve the hydrologic condition of mountain stream, achieve from " cut-storing-Bao " three aspects and the ecology synthesis of mountain stream is administered.
Claims (8)
1. a northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system, it is characterized in that: comprise and construct in the ecological permeable dam (2) of northern mountain stream tributary and intersection thereof, the pool, storehouse (3) being arranged at retaining and ecological recovery effect mountain stream middle and lower reaches and the wetland (4) communicated with the pool, storehouse, ecological permeable dam is built to build by permeable structure stone and is formed, and ecological permeable dam has the effect of regulated flow flow, interception pollution of area source, stop sandstone and mud-rock flow; The pool, storehouse communicates with mountain stream, there is accumulation, precipitation and interception river, extend the time of staying of river, recover river ecosystem, the effect of biological habitat is provided, plant in the pool, storehouse and be implanted with emergent aquactic plant (5), submerged plant (6) and floating plant (7), to realize the effect reducing pollution of area source, purify water; Wetland has the effect of regulated flow, water moisture self restraint, landscape and restoration of the ecosystem, and plant in wetland and be implanted with water plant (10), wetland utilization soil matrix, water plant and microorganism purify further to water quality.
2. northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ecological permeable dam (2) all has setting in mountain stream tributary and intersection thereof, ecological permeable dam is piled to build by rubble, sandstone and/or gravel building stones and is formed; Ecological permeable dam back is low wide and up narrow stairstepping, upstream face is fixed with triangle timber (11), be filled with the layer of gravel (12) that the stone (14) avoiding rolling down along river course directly clashes into dam body in triangle timber, described ecological permeable dam planted and is implanted with water plant (13).
3. northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the quantity on the pool, described storehouse (3) is one or more, and the pool, multiple storehouse communicates successively, to strengthen its retaining, flood control and detergent power; The surrounding on the pool, described storehouse is provided with bank buffer strip, and bank buffer strip adopts timber (8) and gravel (9) shore protection, bank buffer strip is planted and is implanted with water plant.
4. northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: comprise the river Riparian zone (15) being arranged at the bank, river being communicated with the pool, storehouse (3) and wetland (4), plant in river Riparian zone and be implanted with reed, calamus and cattail water plant.
5. northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in the pool, described storehouse (3), the emergent aquactic plant (5) of plantation comprises reed and calamus, submerged plant (6) comprises hornwort and eel grass, and floating plant (7) comprises duckweed and the fire hose.
6. northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the water plant in described wetland (4) comprises calamus, reed, iris.
7. northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the position on the pool, described storehouse (3), form and the degree of depth are according to the topography and landform character of mountain stream locality, make full use of existing depression, the empty pool and open ground to build, recover natural landscape and the ecological functions in original river course.
8., for building a method for northern mountain stream river channel ecology comprehensive treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be realized by following steps:
A). construct ecological permeable dam, the tributary of northern mountain stream and tributary cross formed master stream on all can ecological permeable dam be set, ecological permeable dam is constructed by rubble, sandstone and/or gravel natural stone and is formed, ecological permeable dam can be tackled filtered water stream, cuts down river potential energy, stop sandstone block, has again certain water permeability; Meanwhile, ecological permeable dam back is arranged to low wide and up narrow stairstepping, to increase the fastness of dam body;
B). triangular pyramidal timber gabion is set, after ecological permeable dam is built and built, at its upstream face fixed triangle taper timber, and gravel is filled in triangular pyramidal timber, build timber gabion, both ensure that water permeability, the stone in river can be avoided again the direct shock of dam body;
C). build the ecological pool pool, in the open ground in mountain stream ecological permeable dam downstream, make full use of existing natural depression or to be built up monutainous regions the ecological pool pool by the mode of hand excavation, the pool, storehouse can build one, also can build the pool, multiple storehouse and be connected to form the pool, plural serial stage storehouse system;
D). the plantation pool, storehouse plant, in the pool, storehouse, plant emergent aquactic plant, submerged plant and floating plant, to make the pool, storehouse, not only there is accumulation, precipitation and filter the effect of river, the effect also make it have stronger reduction pollution of area source, purifying water;
E). build wet land system, be arranged in downstream, the mountain stream ecological pool pool open area wetland that the ecological pool pool communicates, and in wetland planting aquatic plants, utilize the soil matrix in wetland, water plant and microorganism to purify further water quality;
F). recovering river Riparian zone, being communicated with the ecosystem of the pool, storehouse with the bank, recovery river, both sides, river of wetland, by bank, river planting aquatic plants, to provide biological habitat, reaching the object of recovery bank, the river ecosystem and river discharges.
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| CN113735270A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-12-03 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Green low-carbon ecological water purification system for river bank |
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| CN114835262A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-02 | 上海熊猫机械(集团)有限公司 | Ecological water treatment system of river bank view |
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