CN214619595U

CN214619595U - Vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for burning garbage

Info

Publication number: CN214619595U
Application number: CN202023184966.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨青; 韩振杰; 王善宇; 王超
Original assignee: Transtek Industries Hk Ltd
Current assignee: Transtek Industries Hk Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2021-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical single furnace thorax exhaust-heat boiler for burning rubbish, include: a boiler housing; the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace is provided with a flame folding angle extending towards the furnace depth direction, and the extending depth of the flame folding angle is 1/4-1/2 of the depth of the waste incineration waste heat boiler furnace; the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace and the upper part of the flame folding angle are arranged with multi-stage superheaters side by side along the width direction of the furnace; the long tube bundle evaporator is arranged behind the hearth of the waste heat boiler along the boiler depth; the coal economizer is arranged behind the long tube bundle evaporator along the depth direction of the furnace, the water inlet of the coal economizer is connected to a water feeding pump through a water feeding pipeline, the water outlet of the coal economizer is connected with the water inlet of the steam pocket and then is divided into two paths after being connected to the descending pipe from the steam pocket, one path is connected to the water inlet of the long tube bundle evaporator, the other path is connected to the water inlet of the water-cooled wall of the incineration chamber, and the water outlets of the two paths are connected to the steam-water mixture inlet in the steam pocket after passing through the outlet pipe. The utility model discloses can be applicable to high temperature high pressure steam parameter, and can accomplish effectively anticorrosive through reasonable arranging.

Description

Vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for burning garbage

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a heat recovery utilizes the equipment field. More specifically, the utility model relates to a vertical single-furnace waste heat boiler for burning garbage.

Background

The garbage is solid waste generated in daily life and production of human beings, has large discharge amount, complex and various components, pollution, resource and socialization, needs harmless, resource, reduction and socialization treatment, and can pollute the environment, influence the environmental sanitation, waste resources, destroy the safety of production and life and destroy the social harmony if the garbage cannot be properly treated. The present widely used garbage disposal methods are various, among which incineration is a municipal garbage disposal technology widely used in various countries of the world, and a large-scale garbage incineration disposal system equipped with a heat energy recovery and utilization device is gradually increasing as a mainstream of garbage disposal due to compliance with the requirement of energy recovery. Firstly, the domestic waste incineration boiler mainly adopts medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam parameters (the steam outlet temperature is 450 ℃, and the pressure is 6.2MPa) at present. The reason why high parameters cannot be adopted is that the ash content in the garbage components is high and the garbage components contain a large amount of chlorine (Cl) elements and sulfur (S) elements, and the corrosion of chloride and sulfide generated after the garbage is combusted on boiler metal pipes is exponentially aggravated along with the rise of the flue gas temperature and the metal wall temperature. The intermediate temperature medium pressure parameter waste incineration boiler arranges the superheater of the boiler behind the multi-flow flue, and arranges the evaporator in front of the superheater to reduce the temperature of flue gas at the inlet of the superheater, so that the temperature and pressure of the flue gas temperature and the steam temperature are small, and the steam parameters are difficult to improve. Secondly, the existing waste incineration boiler is mainly of a vertical multi-channel and horizontal multi-channel type. The two types of furnace hearths are at least double channels, the flame folding angle at the outlet of the furnace hearth is not or smaller, and the multiple channels of the furnace hearth have no convection heating surface and cannot be suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure steam parameters. The vertical multi-channel boiler, the superheater, the convection evaporator and the economizer are all horizontally arranged, and the ash accumulation is serious. The horizontal multi-channel boiler occupies a large area, the superheater, the evaporator and the economizer are vertically arranged in the horizontal flue, a plurality of ash discharge interfaces are provided, and the ash conveying equipment is complex. And corrosive gas generated by waste incineration seriously corrodes the boiler pipe, and the arrangement form of the conventional waste incineration boiler cannot be used for effective high-parameter corrosion prevention.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages which will be described later.

The utility model also aims at providing a vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for burning garbage, which can be suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure steam parameters and can be reasonably arranged to be effectively anticorrosive.

In order to achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, a vertical single furnace for incinerating refuse is provided

The thorax exhaust-heat boiler includes:

a boiler housing;

the waste heat boiler comprises a waste heat boiler hearth, a waste heat boiler body and a boiler body, wherein the waste heat boiler hearth is vertically suspended below a top plate of a boiler shell, an incineration chamber is arranged at the lower part of the waste heat boiler hearth, a garbage feeding hole is formed in the body of the waste heat boiler hearth, a grate is arranged at the bottom of the waste heat boiler hearth, and a burnt ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the waste heat boiler hearth; a flame folding angle extending towards the furnace depth direction is arranged at the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace, the upward inclination angle of the flame folding angle is 30-60 degrees, the downward inclination angle of the flame folding angle is 10-25 degrees, and the extending depth of the flame folding angle is 1/4-1/2 degrees of the furnace depth; the outlet of the waste heat boiler chamber and the upper part of the flame folding angle are provided with a plurality of stages of superheaters in parallel along the width direction of the boiler; the outlet of the multi-stage superheater is communicated with a steam turbine;

the long tube bundle evaporator is vertically suspended below a top plate of the boiler shell; the long tube bundle evaporator is arranged behind a hearth of the waste heat boiler along the depth direction of the boiler;

the coal economizer is vertically supported on a cross beam of the boiler shell or vertically suspended below a top plate of the boiler shell; the coal economizer is arranged behind the long tube bundle evaporator along the depth direction of the furnace, a water inlet of the coal economizer is connected with a water feeding pump through a water feeding pipeline, a water outlet of the coal economizer is connected with a steam pocket, a water outlet of the steam pocket is connected with a down pipe, the down pipe is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the water inlet of the long tube bundle evaporator, the other path is connected to the water inlet of a water-cooled wall of the incineration chamber, and the water outlets of the two paths are connected to a steam-water mixture inlet in the steam pocket after passing through a lead-out pipe.

Preferably, the left side wall and the right side wall of the incineration chamber are both provided with burners, or the rear side wall of the incineration chamber is provided with burners; the burners are an ignition burner and an auxiliary burner; the ignition burner and the auxiliary burner are arranged in a split mode or a two-in-one combined mode.

Preferably, the multi-stage superheater is a two-stage superheater formed by a low-temperature superheater and a high-temperature superheater, and the low-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater are arranged in a concurrent flow manner; a water spray desuperheater is arranged between the two stages of superheaters.

Preferably, the multi-stage superheater is a multi-stage superheater formed by a low-temperature superheater, an intermediate-stage superheater and a high-temperature superheater, wherein the low-temperature superheater and the intermediate-stage superheater are arranged in a concurrent flow manner, and the high-temperature superheater is arranged in a concurrent flow manner or a countercurrent flow manner; a water spray desuperheater is arranged between the multi-stage superheaters.

Preferably, the material of the rows of tubes of the multi-stage superheater, which are close to the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace, is stainless steel material.

Preferably, the rows of pipes of the multi-stage superheater, which are close to the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace, are corrosion-resistant in a nickel-based surfacing mode.

Preferably, the tube bank of the long tube bundle evaporator is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of modularized vertical long tube bundles through welding, sleeving and flange connection, and the modularized vertical long tube bundles include:

the tube bundle group is a plurality of rows of tube bundles vertically arranged at intervals, each row of tube bundles comprises a plurality of tubes, and the tubes are integrally formed head and tail bending connecting parts and long straight parts; the long straight parts of the pipes in the same pipe bundle are arranged close to each other, and an overhaul space is arranged at every 3-8 pipes;

the upper header and the lower header are cylinders with certain cavities, the upper header and the lower header are respectively connected with head and tail bending connecting parts of all pipes, a plurality of rows of pipe bundles are arranged along the axial direction of the upper header and the lower header, a water outlet is arranged at the end part of the upper header or on the cylinder body, the water outlet is connected to the outlet of the evaporator, a water inlet is arranged at the end part of the lower header or on the cylinder body, and the water inlet is connected to the inlet of the evaporator.

Preferably, the length of the plurality of rows of tube bundles which are vertically arranged at intervals is 10-25 m.

Preferably, the steam drum water inlet connected with the economizer is a water supply communicating pipe or an economizer steam-water separator, wherein the economizer steam-water separator comprises:

the coal economizer comprises a plurality of steam-water separator bodies, wherein each steam-water separator body comprises a coal economizer steam-water separator water inlet and a coal economizer steam-water separator steam-water outlet, and the steam-water separator steam-water outlets are arranged on the top and the bottom of each steam-water separator body;

the water supply communication tank is a cavity with a certain cavity, one surface of the water supply communication tank is provided with a water inlet of the water supply communication tank, and the opposite surface of the water supply communication tank is provided with a plurality of water outlets of the water supply communication tank; the water inlets of the water supply communication tanks are connected to the water outlets of the coal economizer, and the water outlets of the water supply communication tanks are connected with the water inlets of the coal economizer steam-water separators;

the supporting part is a through body, the supporting part extends outwards from the steam-water outlet of the economizer steam-water separator, and the section of the supporting part, which is perpendicular to the steam-water rising direction, is larger than the section of the steam-water outlet of the economizer steam-water separator;

the secondary steam-water separation part is sleeved on the supporting part and is sealed with the supporting part in the steam-water rising direction, and at least a steam circulation channel and a water backflow surface are arranged between the secondary steam-water separation part and the supporting part.

Preferably, the tube bank of the economizer is a coiled tube array or is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of modularized vertical long tube bundles through welding, sleeving and flange connection, and the modularized vertical long tube bundles comprise:

the upper header and the lower header are cylinders with certain cavities, the upper header and the lower header are respectively connected with head and tail bending connecting parts of all pipes, a plurality of rows of pipe bundles are arranged along the axial direction of the upper header and the lower header, a water outlet is arranged at the end part of the upper header or on the cylinder body, the water outlet is connected to the outlet of the economizer, a water inlet is arranged at the end part of the lower header or on the cylinder body, and the water inlet is connected to the inlet of the economizer.

The utility model discloses at least, include following beneficial effect: the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating garbage adopts a single hearth, and the superheater is arranged at the outlet of the hearth, so that the structure is suitable for the garbage incineration waste heat boiler with high-temperature and high-pressure steam parameters, and a large flame folding angle is arranged at the upper part of the hearth of the waste heat boiler, so that a flue gas flow field of the hearth can be effectively uniform, and the temperature rise of a metal wall caused by the radiant heat of the hearth on the superheater is avoided; secondly, the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage adopts a vertical arrangement, adopts a front-hanging rear-supporting or full-hanging structure, and has compact arrangement and small occupied area; thirdly, the superheater of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage is arranged at the outlet of the waste heat boiler hearth, and the pipe made of an anticorrosive material is properly selected, so that the corrosion of the pipe of the boiler can be greatly reduced, and the boiler is effectively anticorrosive; through calculation, the utility model selects a proper furnace, controls the inlet smoke temperature of the superheater, reasonably arranges the multi-stage superheater, can effectively control the metal wall temperature of the superheater, and solves the metal corrosion problem of the waste incineration exhaust-heat boiler by adopting materials with good corrosion resistance; fourthly, the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage can adopt a plurality of ash removal modes, effectively reduces the contamination of the heated surface ash of the boiler, and solves the problem of ash accumulation of a multi-flue vertical furnace type; fifthly, the graded secondary air system is arranged at the upper part of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler burner for burning the garbage, so that the resistance is low, and the burning rate of the garbage is improved; sixthly, the long tube bundle evaporator and the economizer of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage, which are provided by the utility model, are both formed by modularized vertical long tube bundles, and are vertically arranged, and a medium vertically flows upwards in the tube, so that the steam plug phenomenon is solved; a plurality of tube bundles, an upper header and a lower header are utilized to form a module, and the modules can be connected on site to form a large tube bundle component in actual use; the flue gas can transversely scour the tube bundle and can longitudinally scour the tube bundle, so that the abrasion of the tubes is reduced; fins can be welded on the surface of the tube, so that the heating area is expanded, the heat exchange effect is optimized, and the metal weight is saved; when the flue gas flows vertically downwards, the direction of the air flow is not changed, and the tube bundles and the fins are not easy to accumulate dust; the multi-row tube bundles of the modularized vertical long tube bundles are welded with the upper header and the lower header in a factory, and the assembled modules are delivered out of the factory, so that welding junctions in a construction site can be reduced, and the installation is convenient; the method has the characteristics of economy and safety; seventhly, the top of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage is provided with the steam pocket, the coal economizer cyclone separator is arranged in the steam pocket, and a steam-water mixture is effectively separated when the coal economizer generates steam, so that no steam enters a downcomer, and the safe operation of the boiler is ensured; the cyclone separator of the coal economizer integrates the functions of centrifugal separation, gravity separation and membrane separation to separate water from steam, and has better separation effect; the steam turbine is arranged in the steam drum and is connected with a prewelding part bolt in the steam drum, so that the maintenance and the replacement are flexible; the obstacle that the economizer does not allow vaporization is broken through, the safety of boiler operation is guaranteed, and more possibilities are provided for the overall scheme arrangement of the boiler.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating garbage according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a modular vertical long tube bundle constituting a long tube bundle evaporator according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a layout diagram of the economizer steam-water separator in another technical solution of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the economizer steam-water separator in another technical solution of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a modular vertical long tube bundle constituting an economizer in another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for burning garbage, include:

a boiler housing;

the waste heat boiler comprises a waste heat boiler furnace 6, a waste heat boiler furnace 6 and a boiler body, wherein the waste heat boiler furnace 6 is vertically suspended below a top plate of a boiler shell, an incineration chamber 1 is arranged at the lower part of the waste heat boiler furnace 6, a garbage feeding port 2 is arranged on a furnace body of the waste heat boiler furnace 6, a grate 3 is arranged at the bottom of the waste heat boiler furnace 6, and a burnt ash outlet is arranged at the bottom of the waste heat boiler furnace 6; a folded flame angle 14 extending towards the furnace depth direction is arranged at the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace 6, the upward inclination angle of the folded flame angle 14 is 30-60 degrees, the downward inclination angle is 10-25 degrees, and the extending depth of the folded flame angle 14 is 1/4-1/2 of the depth of the waste heat boiler furnace 6; the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace 6 and the upper part of the flame folding angle 14 are provided with a plurality of stages of superheaters 7 in parallel along the width direction of the furnace; the outlet of the multi-stage superheater 7 is communicated with a steam turbine;

the long tube bundle evaporator 8 is vertically suspended below the top plate of the boiler shell; the long tube bundle evaporator 8 is arranged behind the waste heat boiler furnace 6 along the furnace depth direction;

the coal economizer 10 is vertically supported on a cross beam of the boiler shell or vertically suspended below a top plate of the boiler shell; the coal economizer 10 is arranged behind a long tube bundle evaporator 8 along the furnace depth direction, a water inlet of the coal economizer is connected with a water feeding pump through a water feeding pipeline, a water outlet of the coal economizer is connected with a steam pocket 9, a water outlet of the steam pocket is connected with a descending pipe 15, the descending pipe 15 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the water inlet of the long tube bundle evaporator 8, the other path is connected to a water inlet of a water-cooled wall of a burning chamber, and water outlets of the two paths are connected to a steam-water mixture inlet in the steam pocket 9 after passing through a leading-out pipe.

In the technical scheme, the waste heat boiler furnace 6, the long tube bundle evaporator 8 and the coal economizer 10 are arranged in the front and at the back of the vertical single-furnace waste heat boiler shell for incinerating the garbage to form three flues, so that the occupied area is saved by 20 percent compared with that of a conventional vertical four-channel waste heat boiler, and the occupied area is saved by nearly 50 percent compared with that of a conventional horizontal type garbage incineration waste heat boiler; the bottom of the waste heat boiler furnace 6 is provided with a fire grate 3, the bottom of the fire grate 3 is provided with primary air, and air is fed from the lower part of the fire grate 3; the bottom of the garbage incinerator hearth 6 is provided with a burnt ash outlet, and the burnt ash outlet is provided with a slag remover 4, so that the ash discharging form at the tail part of the boiler is simple, the fly ash at the tail part of the boiler is directly discharged to the slag remover through an ash discharging valve and an ash discharging pipe, and the arrangement of an ash conveying device is omitted; the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace 6 is provided with a folded flame angle 14 extending towards the furnace depth direction, the upward inclination angle of the folded flame angle 14 is 30-60 degrees, the downward inclination angle is 10-25 degrees, the extending depth of the folded flame angle 14 is 1/4-1/2 degrees of the depth of the waste heat boiler furnace 6, a large folded flame angle can effectively homogenize the furnace flue gas flow field, the temperature rise of a metal wall caused by the furnace radiant heat of a superheater is avoided, the section size of the whole waste heat boiler furnace is large, the retention time of flue gas in the furnace 6 is prolonged, the fly ash carrying capacity of the flue gas can be effectively reduced, and the tail fly ash treatment capacity is reduced; the outlet of the waste heat boiler hearth 6 and the upper part of the flame folding angle 14 are arranged with multi-stage superheaters 7 side by side along the width direction of the furnace, and water spray desuperheaters are arranged among the multi-stage superheaters 7; the multi-stage superheater 7 is arranged at the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace 6, is suitable for the waste heat boiler with high-temperature and high-pressure steam parameters (the steam outlet temperature is more than 500 ℃, and the pressure is more than 8.6MPa), reduces the corrosion of boiler pipes, and can greatly reduce the corrosion of the boiler pipes by properly selecting the pipes made of anticorrosive materials. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating garbage adopts a vertical arrangement, adopts a front-hanging rear-supporting structure, and is compact in arrangement and small in occupied area. And the exhaust-heat boiler that this technical scheme provided is single furnace, and the furnace lower part has welded the pin and has laid refractory material for protection water wall tube prevents to corrode, water wall tube. Therefore, the water-cooled wall can be effectively protected from flue gas corrosion; on guaranteeing that the flue gas temperature is greater than 850 ℃ and staying 2 s' furnace upper portion, the arrangement of pin has increased the pin density with conventional rubbish stove type, and pin density is 2 ~ 3 times of domestic conventional stove type, can effectively reduce furnace export smoke temperature like this (than the first passageway export smoke temperature of current domestic furnace more than 100 ℃ lower), reduces the corruption of arranging the over heater at the furnace export.

As shown in fig. 1, in one of the technical solutions, burners 12 are disposed on both left and right side walls of the incineration chamber 1, or burners 12 are disposed on a rear side wall of the incineration chamber 1; the combustor 12 is an ignition combustor and an auxiliary combustor; the ignition burner and the auxiliary burner are arranged in a split mode or a two-in-one combined mode. The burners 12 may be arranged one or more on each side of the incineration chamber 1 or on the rear side wall of the combustion chamber 1. The upper part of the burner 12 is provided with graded secondary air which is sprayed into a plurality of air flows of the hearth from the upper part of the fire grate at high speed to supplement air required by garbage combustion, and the air in the furnace is stirred to be uniformly mixed so as to reduce the heat loss of incomplete combustion; helping the garbage to catch fire and preventing local areas in the furnace from slagging; reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides in the furnace.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the multi-stage superheater 7 is a two-stage superheater formed by a downstream arranged low-temperature superheater and a downstream arranged high-temperature superheater, and a water spray desuperheater is arranged between the two-stage superheater to adjust the steam temperature.

As shown in fig. 1, in one of the technical solutions, the multi-stage superheater 7 is a multi-stage superheater formed by a low-temperature superheater, a middle-stage superheater and a high-temperature superheater, wherein the low-temperature superheater and the middle-stage superheater are both arranged in a concurrent flow manner, the high-temperature superheater is arranged in a concurrent flow manner or a counter-flow manner, and a water spray attemperator is arranged between the multi-stage superheaters; the superheater is arranged in a grading way, so that the wall temperature of the high-temperature superheater can be controlled, and the corrosion is reduced.

In one technical scheme, the rows of tubes of the multi-stage superheater, which are close to the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace, are made of stainless steel materials, so that the multi-stage superheater has good corrosion resistance.

In one technical scheme, a plurality of rows of tubes of the multi-stage superheater, which are close to the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace, adopt a nickel-based surfacing mode, so that the corrosion resistance of the tubes is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, in one of the technical solutions, the tube row of the long tube bundle evaporator 8 is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of modular vertical long tube bundles through welding, sleeving and flange connection, and the modular vertical long tube bundle includes:

the tube bundle group is a plurality of rows of tube bundles which are vertically arranged at intervals, each row of tube bundles comprises a plurality of tubes, and the tubes are integrally formed into a head part, a tail part and a long straight part 83; the long straight parts 83 of the pipes in the same pipe bundle are arranged close to each other, but an overhaul space is arranged at every 3-8 pipes;

the evaporator comprises an upper header 81 and a lower header 85, which are cylinders with certain cavities, wherein the upper header 81 and the lower header 85 are respectively connected with head and tail bending connecting parts of all tubes, a plurality of rows of tube bundles are arranged along the axial direction of the upper header 81 and the lower header 85, a water outlet is arranged at the end part or the cylinder body of the upper header 82, the water outlet is connected to the outlet of the evaporator, a water inlet is arranged at the end part or the cylinder body of the lower header, and the water inlet is connected to the inlet of the evaporator.

In the technical scheme, each row of tube bundles are vertically arranged, the upper part of each row of tube bundles is connected with an upper header 81, the lower part of each row of tube bundles is connected with a lower header 85, tube bundle groups formed by the tube bundles in multiple rows, the upper header 81 and the lower header 85 form a module, the tube bundle groups, the upper header 81 and the lower header are welded in a factory, and the tube bundle groups, the upper header and the lower header are assembled into the module and then leave the factory, so that the welding seams of a construction site can be reduced, and the installation is convenient; in actual use, a plurality of modules can be connected on site to form a large pipe bundle component according to the site environment; go up the delivery port on the collection case 81 and be connected to the export of evaporimeter, the water inlet on the lower collection case 85 is connected to the import of evaporimeter, the medium flows from bottom to top in the pipe, do benefit to the exhaust air, vapour lock phenomenon can not appear, like figure 2, the flue gas trend that marks in by the picture can be seen, compare in the arrangement of traditional tube bank, the flue gas can only transversely erode the embarrassing situation of tube bank, the vertical long tube bank of modularization that this application provided makes the flue gas existing transverse scouring tube bank, there is longitudinal scouring tube bank again, reduce the evaporimeter wearing and tearing. And each row of pipe bundles is provided with an overhaul space at every 3-8 pipes, so that the on-site overhaul is facilitated.

In the technical scheme, the modular vertical long tube bundles are sequentially connected through welding, sleeving and flange connection to form a tube bank assembly, and a plurality of modules can be randomly selected to be connected on site to form a large tube bundle component for use according to different site environments and requirements. The water outlets on the upper header and the water inlets on the lower header at the two end parts of the tube bundle component are arranged at the end parts of the headers, and the header end parts of the plurality of modularized vertical long tube bundles are sequentially connected through welding, sleeving and flange connection to form the communicated tube bundle component; in this case, the headers connected in sequence are headers with openings at both ends and the barrel body is not provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, so as to form a pipe bundle component with the middle communicated and the two ends open; the both ends opening on upper portion is the delivery port, through transition pipe and tube coupling to the export of evaporimeter, and the both ends opening of lower part is the water inlet, through the import of transition pipe and tube coupling to evaporimeter, and whole tube bank part business turn over water mode is two and advances two, increases the medium flow homogeneity, optimizes the heat transfer effect.

Or the water outlet on the upper header and the water inlet on the lower header at only one end of the tube bundle component are arranged at the end part of the header, and the header ends of the plurality of modularized vertical long tube bundles are sequentially connected through welding, sleeving and flange connection to form the communicated or non-communicated tube bundle component; in this case, in the first case, the header at one end of the whole tube bundle component is a header with openings at both ends and without water inlets and water outlets on the cylinder body, the middle header selects a header with openings at both ends and without water inlets and water outlets on the cylinder body or a header with openings at both ends and with water inlets and water outlets on the cylinder body, and the other header selects a header with an opening at one end and without water inlets and water outlets on the cylinder body or a header with an opening at one end and with water inlets and water outlets on the cylinder body, so that a communicated tube bundle component can be formed; when the other end of the collecting box is a collecting box with an opening at one end and a water inlet and a water outlet not arranged on the cylinder body, and the middle collecting box is a collecting box with openings at two ends and a water inlet and a water outlet not arranged on the cylinder body, the whole pipe bundle component only has one water inlet and one water outlet; secondly, the header of one end tip of the whole tube bundle component is a header with one open end and without water inlet and water outlet on the cylinder body, the header at the other end selects a header with two closed ends and without water inlet and water outlet on the cylinder body, and the middle header is selected from one or more of the following headers: the two ends of the collecting box are open, and the cylinder body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the pipe bundle component comprises a header with an opening at one end and a water inlet and a water outlet on a cylinder body, and a header with a closed two ends and a water inlet and a water outlet on a cylinder body, wherein the medium in the whole pipe bundle component needs to be ensured to flow uniformly, and the formed pipe bundle component is not completely communicated; thirdly, the header at one end part of the whole tube bundle component is a header with an opening at one end and a water inlet and a water outlet which are not arranged on the cylinder body, the header at the other end is a header with an opening at one end and a water inlet and a water outlet which are arranged on the cylinder body, the middle header is a header with openings at two ends and a water inlet and a water outlet which are not arranged on the cylinder body or a header with openings at two ends and a water inlet and a water outlet which are arranged on the cylinder body, and the tube bundle component formed at the moment is communicated; when the middle header selects a header with two closed ends and a water inlet and a water outlet on the cylinder body or a header with an opening at one end and a water inlet and a water outlet on the cylinder body, the medium in the whole tube bundle component needs to be ensured to flow uniformly, and the formed tube bundle component is not completely communicated.

Or the upper header and the lower header at the two ends of the tube bundle component are not provided with water outlets, and the header ends of the plurality of modularized vertical long tube bundles are sequentially connected through welding, sleeving and flange connection to form communicated or non-communicated tube bundle components. In this case, only the middle header with openings at both ends and water inlet and outlet on the cylinder body or at least one of the middle headers with openings at both ends and water inlet and outlet on the cylinder body, and the rest of the headers with openings at both ends and no water inlet and outlet on the cylinder body are communicated with each other; the remaining connection modes form the disconnected tube bundle components, and the uniform flow of the medium in the whole tube bundle component is required to be ensured in the connection process.

In summary, the tube bundle group provided by the application has variable forms, and the header of the tube bundle group comprises a header with openings at two ends and a barrel body without a water inlet and a water outlet; the two ends of the collecting box are open, and the cylinder body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; a header with one end open and a water inlet and a water outlet on the cylinder body; the collection box with one open end and without water inlet and outlet on the cylinder body and the collection box with water inlet and outlet on the cylinder body are closed at two ends, so that the tube bundle groups can be randomly matched on the premise of ensuring the uniform flowing of the medium in the whole tube bundle component.

In the technical scheme, the water outlets of the upper header end part or the cylinder body and the water inlets of the lower header end part or the cylinder body are 1 or more, the water outlets of the upper headers are connected to the outlet of the evaporator through pipelines, the water inlets of the lower headers are connected to the inlet of the evaporator through pipelines, and the arrangement of the water inlets and the water outlets is used for increasing the flowing uniformity of the medium and optimizing the heat exchange effect. The tube in the technical scheme can be a simple steel tube, and can also be a finned tube with fins welded on the surface, and the finned tube can expand the heating area and optimize the heat exchange effect.

Referring to fig. 2, in one technical scheme, the length of a plurality of rows of tube bundles which are vertically arranged at intervals is 10-25 m, the length of the tube bundles is 2-5 times of that of the domestic current convection tube bundle, smoke enters an upper convection tube bundle to transversely scour the tube bundles, the smoke turns, longitudinally scours the tube bundles, transversely scours the tube bundles again to the lower part and enters a tail evaporator.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in one of the technical solutions, a water inlet of a steam drum 9 connected to the economizer 10 is a feed water communicating pipe or an economizer steam-water separator, where the economizer steam-water separator includes:

the coal economizer comprises a plurality of steam-water separator bodies 107, wherein each steam-water separator body comprises a coal economizer steam-water separator water inlet and a coal economizer steam-water separator steam-water outlet, and the steam-water separator steam-water outlets are arranged at the top and the bottom of each steam-water separator body 107;

the feed water communication tank 105 is communicated with the steam-water separator body 107 and the economizer 10, the feed water communication tank 105 is a cavity with a certain cavity, one surface of the feed water communication tank 105 is provided with a feed water communication tank water inlet, and the opposite surface of the feed water communication tank 105 is provided with a plurality of feed water communication tank water outlets; the water inlets of the water supply communication tanks are connected to the water outlets 104 of the coal economizer, and the water outlets of the water supply communication tanks are connected with the water inlets of the coal economizer steam-water separators;

and the secondary steam-water separation part 106 is sleeved on the supporting part, the secondary steam-water separation part 106 is sealed with the supporting part in the steam-water rising direction, and at least a steam circulation channel and a water backflow surface are arranged between the secondary steam-water separation part 106 and the supporting part.

In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the economizer effluent is distributed to 1 or more economizer cyclone steam-water separators through the feed water communication tank 105, the distribution form of the economizer cyclone steam-water separators can be concentrated and dispersed, the arrangement can be flexible according to the waste heat boiler environment, the economizer cyclone steam-water separators can be widely applied to various boiler types with different parameters, and different quantities of economizer cyclone steam-water separators with different distribution forms can be selected for combined use according to the waste heat boiler steam flow and the economizer vaporization rate; as shown in fig. 4, in the present technical solution, a secondary steam-water separation part 106 is additionally installed on the basis of the existing economizer cyclone steam-water separator body 107, and steam separated from the economizer cyclone steam-water separator body 107 is subjected to secondary separation by the secondary steam-water separation part 106, thereby completely completing steam-water separation of the economizer effluent, breaking through the obstacle that the economizer does not allow vaporization, ensuring that no steam enters the downcomer, and ensuring safe operation of the boiler. In the technical scheme, in the figure 3, the main body of the cyclone steam-water separator of the economizer is made of a carbon steel sheet, so that the manufacturing process is simple and the cost is low. In the above technical solutions, water is used as a specific medium, and the substitution of other media is obvious to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 4, in the above technical solution, the number of the feed water communication tank 105 is 1 or more, the economizer effluent is distributed to 1 or more economizer cyclone steam-water separators through the feed water communication tank 105, the economizer cyclone steam-water separators are flexibly arranged, and the economizer cyclone steam-water separators can be widely applied to various boiler types with different parameters, and different numbers of economizer cyclone steam-water separators with different distribution modes are selected according to the boiler steam flow and the economizer vaporization rate for combined use.

As shown in fig. 4, in the above technical solution, the plurality of feed water communication tanks 105 are arranged in a concentrated manner or in a dispersed manner, and the distribution form of the economizer cyclone water-vapor separator connected thereto can be concentrated and dispersed, and the economizer cyclone water-vapor separator can be flexibly arranged according to the boiler environment.

As shown in fig. 4, in the above technical solution, the secondary steam-water separating portion 106 has a single-layer structure, a steam flow passage and a water return surface are formed between the secondary steam-water separating portion 106 and the support portion, and steam separated from the economizer cyclone steam-water separator body 107 passes through the secondary steam-water separating portion 106 to be secondarily separated, thereby completely completing steam-water separation of the economizer outlet water.

In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 4, the secondary steam-water separation part 106 is a corrugated plate, the surface of the corrugated plate is a water return surface, the water return surface formed by the corrugated plate is large, and the space between the corrugated plate and the support part is a steam flow channel, so that steam separated from the economizer cyclone steam-water separator body 107 is secondarily separated, thereby ensuring that no steam enters the downcomer and ensuring safe operation of the boiler.

As shown in fig. 4, in the above-described technical solution, the secondary steam-water separation portion 106 has a double-layer structure, and a plurality of steam flow passages and water return surfaces are formed between the secondary steam-water separation portion 106 and the support portion, so that when the gasification rate of the economizer is high, steam separated from the economizer cyclone main body 107 is separated again, and the steam-water separation efficiency is high.

In the above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the secondary steam-water separation portion 106 has a double-layer structure formed by the corrugated plate and the orifice plate, the plate surface of the corrugated plate serves as the water return surface, the water return surface formed by the corrugated plate is large, and the orifice plate can serve as the water return surface, and at the same time, allows steam to rise, separates steam from water, and has a high steam-water separation degree.

As shown in fig. 4, in the above technical solution, the secondary steam-water separation part 106 has a multilayer structure, a steam flow channel and a water backflow surface are formed between the secondary steam-water separation part 106 and the support part, when the gasification rate of the economizer is high, steam separated from the cyclone steam-water separator body 107 of the economizer is separated again, the steam-water separation degree is high, and it is ensured that no steam enters the downcomer, and the safe operation of the boiler is ensured.

In the above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the secondary steam-water separation portion 106 has a multi-layer structure formed by at least one layer of corrugated plate and a plurality of layers of perforated plates, the plate surface of the corrugated plate serves as a water return surface, the water return surface formed by the corrugated plate is large, and the perforated plates can serve as water return surfaces, and at the same time, steam is allowed to rise, steam-water separation is performed, and the steam-water separation degree is high.

As shown in fig. 5, in one of the technical solutions, the coal-saving tube bundle 10 is a serpentine tube bundle or is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of modular vertical long tube bundles through welding, sleeving and flange connection, and the modular vertical long tube bundle includes:

the tube bundle group 102 is a plurality of tube bundles which are vertically arranged at intervals, each tube bundle comprises a plurality of tubes, and the tubes are integrally formed into a head part, a tail part and a long straight part; the long straight parts of the pipes in the same pipe bundle are arranged close to each other, and an overhaul space is arranged at every 3-8 pipes;

the upper collecting box 101 and the lower collecting box 103 are cylinders with certain cavities, the upper collecting box 101 and the lower collecting box are respectively connected with head and tail bending connecting parts of all pipes, a plurality of rows of pipe bundles are arranged along the axial direction of the upper collecting box 101 and the lower collecting box, a water outlet is arranged at the end part or the cylinder body of the upper collecting box 101 and is connected to the outlet of the economizer, a water inlet is arranged at the end part or the cylinder body of the lower collecting box 103, and the water inlet is connected to the inlet of the economizer 10.

The modular vertical long tube bundle constituting the economizer can be analogized from the modular vertical long tube bundle constituting the long tube bundle evaporator, which is easily conceivable by those skilled in the art in view of the present disclosure and is not specifically described herein.

As described above, according to the utility model discloses, the utility model discloses at least including following beneficial effect: the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating garbage adopts a single hearth, and the superheater is arranged at the outlet of the hearth, so that the structure is suitable for the waste heat boiler with high-temperature and high-pressure steam parameters, and a large flame folding angle is arranged at the upper part of the hearth of the waste heat boiler, so that a flue gas flow field of the hearth can be effectively uniform, and the temperature rise of a metal wall caused by the radiant heat of the hearth on the superheater is avoided; secondly, the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage adopts a vertical arrangement, adopts a front-hanging rear-supporting or full-hanging structure, and has compact arrangement and small occupied area; thirdly, the superheater of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage is arranged at the outlet of the waste heat boiler hearth, and the pipe made of an anticorrosive material is properly selected, so that the corrosion of the pipe of the boiler can be greatly reduced, and the boiler is effectively anticorrosive; through calculation, the utility model selects a proper furnace, controls the inlet smoke temperature of the superheater, reasonably arranges the multi-stage superheater, can effectively control the metal wall temperature of the superheater, and solves the metal corrosion problem of the waste incineration exhaust-heat boiler by adopting materials with good corrosion resistance; fourthly, the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage can adopt a plurality of ash removal modes, effectively reduces the contamination of the heated surface ash of the boiler, and solves the problem of ash accumulation of a multi-flue vertical furnace type; fifthly, the graded secondary air system is arranged at the upper part of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler burner for burning the garbage, so that the resistance is low, the burning rate of the garbage is improved, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced; sixthly, the long tube bundle evaporator and the economizer of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler burner for burning the garbage, which are provided by the utility model, are both formed by a modularized vertical long tube bundle, and are vertically arranged, and a medium vertically flows upwards in the tube, thereby solving the steam plug phenomenon; a plurality of tube bundles, an upper header and a lower header are utilized to form a module, and the modules can be connected on site to form a large tube bundle component in actual use; the flue gas can transversely scour the tube bundle and can longitudinally scour the tube bundle, so that the abrasion of the tubes is reduced; fins can be welded on the surface of the tube, so that the heating area is expanded, the heat exchange effect is optimized, and the metal weight is saved; when the flue gas flows vertically downwards, the direction of the air flow is not changed, and the tube bundles and the fins are not easy to accumulate dust; the multi-row tube bundles of the modularized vertical long tube bundles are welded with the upper header and the lower header in a factory, and the assembled modules are delivered out of the factory, so that welding junctions in a construction site can be reduced, and the installation is convenient; the method has the characteristics of economy and safety; seventhly, the top of the vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating the garbage is provided with the steam pocket, the coal economizer cyclone separator is arranged in the steam pocket, and a steam-water mixture is effectively separated when the coal economizer generates steam, so that no steam enters a downcomer, and the safe operation of the boiler is ensured; the cyclone separator of the coal economizer integrates the functions of centrifugal separation, gravity separation and membrane separation to separate water from steam, and has better separation effect; the steam turbine is arranged in the steam drum and is connected with a prewelding part bolt in the steam drum, so that the maintenance and the replacement are flexible; the obstacle that the economizer does not allow vaporization is broken through, the safety of boiler operation is guaranteed, and more possibilities are provided for the overall scheme arrangement of the boiler.

While the embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, or described, but rather to cover all modifications, which would come within the scope of the appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the art are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. Burn vertical single furnace thorax exhaust-heat boiler of rubbish, its characterized in that includes:

a boiler housing;

the waste heat boiler comprises a waste heat boiler hearth, a waste heat boiler body and a boiler body, wherein the waste heat boiler hearth is vertically suspended below a top plate of a boiler shell, an incineration chamber is arranged at the lower part of the waste heat boiler hearth, a garbage feeding hole is formed in the body of the waste heat boiler hearth, a grate is arranged at the bottom of the waste heat boiler hearth, and a burnt ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the waste heat boiler hearth; a flame folding angle extending towards the furnace depth direction is arranged at the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace, the upward inclination angle of the flame folding angle is 30-60 degrees, the downward inclination angle of the flame folding angle is 10-25 degrees, and the extending depth of the flame folding angle is 1/4-1/2 degrees of the depth of the waste heat boiler furnace; the outlet of the waste heat boiler furnace and the upper part of the flame folding angle are arranged with multi-stage superheaters side by side along the width direction of the furnace; the outlet of the multi-stage superheater is communicated with a steam turbine;

the coal economizer is vertically supported on a cross beam of the boiler shell or vertically suspended below a top plate of the boiler shell; the coal economizer is arranged behind the long tube bundle evaporator along the depth direction of the furnace, a water inlet of the coal economizer is connected with a water feeding pump through a water feeding pipeline, a water outlet of the coal economizer is connected with a steam pocket, a water outlet of the steam pocket is connected with a down pipe, the down pipe is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the water inlet of the long tube bundle evaporator, the other path is connected to the water inlet of a water-cooled wall of the incineration chamber, and water outlets of the two paths are connected to a steam-water mixture inlet in the steam pocket through an outlet pipe.

2. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating wastes according to claim 1, wherein burners are provided on both left and right side walls of the incineration chamber, or burners are provided on a rear side wall of the incineration chamber; the burners are an ignition burner and an auxiliary burner; the ignition burner and the auxiliary burner are arranged in a split mode or a two-in-one combined mode.

3. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating waste according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage superheater is a two-stage superheater formed by a low-temperature superheater and a high-temperature superheater, and the low-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater are arranged in a concurrent flow manner; a water spray desuperheater is arranged between the two stages of superheaters.

4. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating waste according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage superheater is a multi-stage superheater formed by a low-temperature superheater, an intermediate-stage superheater and a high-temperature superheater, wherein the low-temperature superheater and the intermediate-stage superheater are arranged in a concurrent flow manner, the high-temperature superheater is arranged in a concurrent flow manner or a countercurrent flow manner, and a water spray desuperheater is arranged between the multi-stage superheaters.

5. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating waste according to claim 1, wherein the rows of tubes of the multi-stage superheater near the outlet of the waste heat boiler hearth are made of stainless steel.

6. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating waste according to claim 1, wherein the rows of tubes of the multi-stage superheater close to the outlet of the waste heat boiler hearth are subjected to nickel-based surfacing.

7. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating refuse according to claim 1, wherein the tube bank of the long tube bundle evaporator is formed by connecting a plurality of modularized vertical long tube bundles in sequence through welding, sleeving and flange connection, and the modularized vertical long tube bundle comprises:

8. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating waste according to claim 7, wherein the length of the plurality of rows of vertically spaced tube bundles is 10-25 m.

9. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating waste according to claim 1, wherein a steam drum water inlet connected with the economizer is a feed water communicating pipe or an economizer steam-water separator, wherein the economizer steam-water separator comprises:

10. The vertical single-hearth waste heat boiler for incinerating waste according to claim 1, wherein the tube bank of the economizer is a serpentine tube arrangement or is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of modular vertical long tube bundles through welding, sleeving and flange connection, and the modular vertical long tube bundle comprises: