CN106594698A - Biomass direct-fired boiler - Google Patents
Biomass direct-fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN106594698A CN106594698A CN201611255493.9A CN201611255493A CN106594698A CN 106594698 A CN106594698 A CN 106594698A CN 201611255493 A CN201611255493 A CN 201611255493A CN 106594698 A CN106594698 A CN 106594698A
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- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- flue
- superheater
- air
- combustion
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G7/00—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition
- F22G7/12—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition in flues
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
- F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass direct-fired boiler. The biomass direct-fired boiler comprises a boiler body, a feeding system, a discharging system, an out-boiler gas flue, a primary air inlet chamber, a secondary air inlet pipe and a distribution device; a combustion chamber which is formed by membrane type water cooling walls and a multi-return stroke gas flue are arranged in the boiler body; a water cooling vibrating fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber; a steam super-heater is arranged in the multi-return stroke gas flue; the feeding system is communicated with the front wall of the boiler body, and is used for inputting a biomass fuel into the combustion chamber; the discharging system is arranged at the bottoms of the multi-return stroke gas flue and the water cooling vibrating fire grate, and is used for outputting burnout things of the biomass fuel out of the boiler; the out-boiler gas flue is communicated with the top of a tail return stroke gas flue; a coal economizer, a secondary air pre-heater and a primary air pre-heater are arranged in the out-boiler gas flue in sequence in a flue gas flowing direction, and are used for preheating fed water and air and feeding the preheated water and air into the boiler; the primary air inlet chamber is arranged below the water cooling vibrating fire grate; the secondary air inlet pipe and the distribution device are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber. According to the biomass direct-fired boiler, the biomass fuel adaptability is wide; the combustion and energy resource conversion efficiency is high; the boiler operates safely and stably; high-efficiency utilization of biomass energy resources is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of boiler, relates more specifically to a kind of biomass direct-combustion boiler.
Background technology
Biomass energy is to be fixed on tellurian solar energy by the photosynthesis of plant, is a kind of typical renewable energy
Source.Using the fuel production electric power such as biomass energy petroleum replacing, coal and natural gas, the dependence to fossil energy can be reduced,
The national energy resources of protection, mitigate fossil energy and consume the pollution caused to environment.
According to statistics, Chinese 39.65 hundred million tons of consumption of coal in 2015 accounts for the half of world's consumption of coal total amount,
Coal reaches 64% in the proportion of China's energy consumption structure, the world's coal average level far above 30%；China SO in 20152
Total emission volumn exceedes 20,000,000 tons, SO2Total emission volumn ranks first in the world, and faces huge emission reduction.Due to sulfur in biomass
Content be only 10% or so of coal, therefore using the biology such as all kinds of agricultural crop straws, fuel wood and forest garbage, energy-source plant
Matter generates electricity can greatly reduce SO2Discharge.The CO that biomass power generation is produced2, photosynthesis are passed through during biomass growth
Absorbed by biomass again, recycled.Therefore, using biomass power generation CO2Discharge capacity can be considered zero, can in large quantities reduce temperature
Room gas CO2The impact that environment is caused.
At present based on the directly Land use systems of burning, total energy utilization rate is less than 10% to the most biomass energy of China,
Cause the huge wasting of resources.It is vast with the propulsion of the raising, new countryside construction and Urbanization Construction of life of farmers level
Rural area is improved constantly using the ratio of liquefied petroleum gas, and agricultural crop straw used as fuel etc. is substituted in a large number, forms big
Amount is remaining, is left in field and directly burns, and burns and produces a large amount of smog impact road traffics and aviation safety, has both wasted treasured
Expensive resource, and environment is seriously polluted, while can also cause fire and various human accidents.
Biomass energy can efficiently be utilized by biomass energy switch technology, various clean fuels, replacementization is produced
The stone energy produces electric power, and so as to reduce the dependence to fossil energy, the national energy resources of protection mitigate fossil energy and consume to ring
The pollution that border is caused.Biomass fermentation electrical engineering is to realize all kinds of agricultural crop straws, fuel wood and forest garbage, energy-source plant, special
It is not the effective way of the industrialized mode comprehensive utilization of agricultural crop straw, is capable of achieving the high-quality application of biomass fertilizers, together
When vast farmerses biomass energy is sold to into biomass power plant, can also increase income；The transport of biomass fuel, it is processed into
Product can also increase local job opportunity.
Using biomass energy sources for generating electricity, heat supply, while environmental protection, reduction pollution, energy saving, peasant is realized
The increase and growth in the living standard of income, improves the investment environment of locality, is a measure benefited the nation and the people, and meets country
The industrial policy of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The present invention is under the overall background that China accelerates development industrialization, urbanization, to realize what energy structure optimizing was adjusted
During propose, it is intended to reduce energy cost, improve efficient energy conversion, reduce pollutant（SOx）And greenhouse gases（COx）'s
Discharge, with good environmental benefit and social benefit.
The content of the invention
The present invention is proposed based on the basis of current energy consumption structure and Biomass Energy Utilization present situation, it is therefore an objective to
A kind of fuel tolerance proposed to solve the above problems is wide, and burning and efficient energy conversion are high, run safety and stability
Biomass fuel boiler.
To realize the technical purpose of the above, the present invention will take following technical scheme：
A kind of biomass direct-combustion boiler, including boiler body and drum, described boiler body includes combustion furnace and passes through
The smoke and waste steam boiler that smoke conveying duct is connected with combustion furnace flue outlet；Wherein：Described combustion furnace, including combustor with
And many return flues with combustion chamber, and the equipped water-cooling vibration furnace grate in bottom of combustor；The flue of the combustion furnace is adopted
Steam superheater is disposed with the flue space surrounded with film water cold wall structure, the film water cold wall structure；The flue gas
Waste heat boiler, including stove external flue and the economizer in stove external flue；The water inlet of economizer is connected with feed main,
Outlet is connected with drum；Between drum and the film water cold wall structure of combustion furnace, respectively by concentrating outside tedge and flue
Down-comer is connected, and forms soda pop natural convection loop；The steam (vapor) outlet of drum is connected with the steam inlet of steam superheater；And steam
The superheated steam outlet of vapour superheater is connected with steam pipe system.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described many return flues include the stove set gradually according to flue gas flow direction
Thorax, the second return flue and the 3rd return flue；The combustor is arranged at the lower section of burner hearth, the 3rd return flue and flue gas
Waste heat boiler is connected.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the water-cooling vibration furnace grate include fire grate fin panel casing, furnace grate support with
And the vibrating device for driving furnace grate support to vibrate；Fire grate fin panel casing is arranged on furnace grate support, and furnace grate support is then
It is connected with the clutch end of vibrating device；Air compartment of water-cooling vibration furnace grate is provided with below fire grate fin panel casing, should
Air compartment of water-cooling vibration furnace grate is by passage and combustion chamber uniform on fire grate fin panel casing.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the fire grate fin panel casing is in tilted layout, and fire grate fin panel casing phase
For the higher-end of burning furnace bottom is connected with tedge, and lower end is then connected with down-comer；The fire grate fin panel casing
Level inclination be 5 °；The amplitude of vibrating device is ± 5mm, and fire grate fin panel casing produced under the drive of vibrating device
Raw direction of vibration is 20 ° with the inclination angle of horizontal direction.
As a further improvement on the present invention, air compartment of the water-cooling vibration furnace grate is by First air pipeline and First air
The hot air outlet connection of preheater, the air intake of the First air preheater is connected with aerator, and First air preheater is pacified
It is mounted in outside smoke and waste steam boiler, and heat is built between the low-temperature flue gas cooler in smoke and waste steam boiler flue and hands over
Change, low-temperature flue gas cooler is arranged on the downstream of economizer flue gas flow direction.
As a further improvement on the present invention, it is cold in economizer and low-temperature flue gas in the flue of the smoke and waste steam boiler
But high-temperature flue gas cooler is disposed between device；The high-temperature flue gas cooler and the secondary wind being arranged on outside smoke and waste steam boiler
Heat exchange is built between preheater, and the air intake of secondary wind preheater is connected with aerator, and the heat of secondary wind preheater
Air outlet slit is connected by secondary wind pipeline with secondary wind distributor, and secondary wind distributor is set by furnace air distribution interface
It is standby to connect with burner hearth.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the First air preheater, the air outlet slit of secondary wind preheater are respectively provided with
There is regulating valve；And the First air of First air preheater output and the secondary wind allocation proportion of secondary wind preheater output are 3:7、5:
5 or 6:4.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the steam superheater is arranged using level Four, respectively；I grade of superheater, II
Level superheater, III grade of superheater, IV grade of superheater；Direct-contact desuperheater is provided between adjacent two-stage superheater；I grade of superheater and
II grade of superheater is set in sequence in from top to bottom in the 3rd return flue, and the heating surface bank of I grade of superheater and II grade of superheater is in
Snakelike horizontal setting；III grade of superheater is arranged on the top of burner hearth, and IV grade of superheater is arranged in the second return flue, III grade
The heat-transfer pipe of superheater and IV grade of superheater is vertically arranged using beam screen formula；III grade of superheater and IV grade of superheater heat-transfer pipe
Beam material is 1Cr19Ni11Nb.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the side wall of the combustion furnace flue and the side wall of smoke and waste steam boiler are matched somebody with somebody
There is steam soot blowing equipment；Meanwhile, the bottom of the water-cooling vibration furnace grate and smoke and waste steam boiler is fitted with ash system, and stove
Thorax, the bottom of the 3rd return flue are provided with slag-tapping system.
As a further improvement on the present invention, after the exhanst gas outlet of the smoke and waste steam boiler is connected with cleaner unit, Jing draws
Blower fan is introduced after chimney, with atmosphere；The combustion furnace is connected by charging aperture with the discharging opening of feeding system；The feed
System is fed using front wall, is furnished with start-up burner, and the start-up burner is arranged on the fin panel casing of burner hearth right side.
Technical scheme according to more than, relative to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages that：
1st, boiler body is divided into two parts by the present invention, and a portion is used as combustion furnace, by arranging many return smokes
Road, to be sufficiently completed biomass combustion, and the heat produced during biomass combustion is used（Fin panel casing is tied
Structure）, in addition, biomass fuel is sowed on water-cooling vibration furnace grate by feeding system, the biomass fuel branch is in middle-end
And high-end fire grate between so that First air can give the oxygen required for biomass combustion；Another part is then as fume afterheat
Recycling, mainly to by way of wind waste heat, using fume afterheat as biomass combustion an auxiliary heat, up to abundant
Reclaim the purpose of the heat that biomass combustion is produced；
Specifically, the process of many return flue burnings of the invention is：
First combustion zone（Burner hearth）, biomass fuel is heated and is dried；Water-cooling vibration furnace grate runs（Sustained vibration）Five
After second, biomass fuel shifts to second combustion zone（Second backhaul）, most of combustion process is carried out in this region, and is persistently produced
Raw flue gas；Water-cooling vibration furnace grate continuous service, biomass fuel shifts to the 3rd combustion zone（3rd backhaul）, biomass fuel
After-flame is carried out in the process.
Biomass fuel is explosion type burning, and the volatile matters in part of fuel are not sufficiently combusted just to be risen with air-flow, for
This characteristic, burner hearth sidewall differing heights and direction be provided with multigroup secondary wind inleting tube and distributor, increase secondary air.
Secondary wind enters burner hearth, and gas is sufficiently mixed by it in stirring burner hearth, while making flue gas in burner hearth produce whirlpool, prolongs
Stroke of the long flying dust and fly ash combustible material for suspending in burner hearth, makes biomass fuel burn-off rate reach more than 99%.By arranging
Different First air, secondary wind enter stove allocation proportion（3:7、5:5 or 6:4）, flying dust amount is reduced the same of fly ash combustible material is reduced
When realize raising, the reduction of initial smoke density and the energy-conservation of boiler and the environmental protection of boiler thermal output.
2. for biomass fuel combustion undulatory property it is big the characteristics of, steam superheater is arranged using level Four, and adjacent
Direct-contact desuperheater is set between two-stage steam superheater, when main steam temperature occurs overtemperature, adjacent two-stage steam superheating is arranged at
Direct-contact desuperheater between device starts simultaneously, revolutionizes single attemperator structure of prior art, effectively prevent end（Or it is many）
Level steam superheater heat-transfer area tube bank wall temperature occurs acutely significantly to change, and substantially prolongs the service life of heat-transfer area tube bank.Together
When due in biomass fuel containing include the various salt including chloride, biomass fuel combustion generation flue gas in high-temperature region
Domain has very strong corrosivity, can produce high temperature corrosion to heat-transfer area tube bank, and for III, IV steam level superheater this is arranged on
The feature in region, III, IV steam level superheater heat-transfer area tube bank is increased using stronger material 1Cr19Ni11Nb of corrosion resistance
Steam superheater reliability of operation, reduces equipment O＆M cost.
3. air preheater system is independently arranged and the different primary and secondary air of pressure head is arranged apart, the air preheat
Device is arranged on outside boiler flue, and using water as intermediate heat transfer media hot-air is added.
First air flow process：By arranging equidistant uniform circular hole, the circular hole on water-cooling vibration furnace grate fin panel casing
Used as the air inlet of First air, the water-cooling vibration furnace grate bottom is an air compartment；First air enters Jing after air compartment of furnace bottom
Combustor is entered by First air air inlet, the oxygen for needed for biomass fuel combustion is provided.First air air preheater is arranged on
On low pressure recycle pipeline, by low pressure recycle water pump from oxygen-eliminating device pump water, water is first by First air air preheater and air blast
The cold air of machine output carries out heat exchange, and water is cooled, cold air is heated；Cooled water is provided by low pressure recycle water pump
Pressure head go to low pressure gas cooler, flow through the flue gas of low pressure gas cooler and flow along opposite directions with water,
The counter current heat exchange of efficiency high is completed, water is heated, flue gas is cooled；Last water is returned back oxygen-eliminating device and participates in exchanging heat next time
Circulation.
Secondary wind flow process：Before water transports to economizer derived from the feed water system of boiler, arrange one and flow through secondary wind sky
The bypass of air preheater and high pressure gas cooler, the flow of the bypass is by the electric control valve control for being arranged on supervisor's terminal
System.In bypass, water carries out heat exchange by the cold air of air preheater of secondary air and aerator output first, and water is cold
But, cold air is heated；Then water is sent to high pressure gas cooler, flows through the flue gas and water of high pressure gas cooler along that
This contrary direction flowing, completes the counter current heat exchange of efficiency high, and water is heated, flue gas is cooled.Described air preheater,
The pipeline of a short circuit air preheater and the pipeline of a short circuit gas cooler are additionally provided with gas cooler bypass, it is described
Electric control valve is respectively equipped with pipeline, the electric control valve is according to the different operating condition controlled medium flow of boiler.It is empty
Air preheater is arranged on outside flue, by way of water-cooling heating, effectively avoids heat-transfer area tube bank in boiler back end ductwork
The occurrence of cold end corrosion, service life of equipment is substantially prolongs, reduce the O＆M cost of steam generator system.
The present invention is widely used in yellow bar biomass fuel and grey bar biomass fuel.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a preferred embodiment structural representation of biomass direct-combustion boiler of the present invention（Cut open）；
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1（Cut open）；
Fig. 3 is the water-cooling vibration furnace grate structural representation of biomass direct-combustion boiler of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the multistage temperature reducing system schematic diagram of steam superheater of biomass direct-combustion boiler of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the air preheater system schematic diagram of biomass direct-combustion boiler of the present invention；
In figure：1. feeding system, 2. burner hearth（First return flue）, 3. the second return flue, 4. the 3rd return flue, 5. the 4th
Return flue, 6. water-cooling vibration furnace grate, 7. air compartment of water-cooling vibration furnace grate, 8. secondary wind distributor, 9. drum, 10. steams
Vapour superheater, 11. fire grate fin panel casings, 12. flue fin panel casings, 13. economizers, 14. high-temperature flue gas coolers, 15.
Low-temperature flue gas cooler, 16. First air preheaters, 17. secondary wind preheaters, 18. fall ash system, 19. slag removing systems, and 20. remove
Dirt device, 21. aerators, 22. air-introduced machines, 23. common downcomers, 24. start-up burners, 25. furnace air distribution interface equipments, 26.
Chimney, 27. feed mains, 28. tedges, 29. furnace grate supports, 30. vibrating devices, 31. headers, 32. regulating valves, 33. water sprays
Attemperator, 34. I grades of superheaters, 35. II grades of superheaters, the tube bank of 36. serpentine-like heat transfers, 37. III grades of superheaters, 38. IV grades are overheated
Device, 39. screen formula heating surface banks, 40. steam soot blowing equipment, 41. main steam lines, 42. temperature reducing and pressure reducing systems, 43. low pressure recycles
Water pump, 44. boiler bodies, 45. combustor, return flue more than 46., 47. discharge systems, 48. stove external flues, 49. secondary airs
Pipe, 50. furnace air distribution interface equipments.
Specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing discloses without limitation the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, below with reference to accompanying drawing and
Specific embodiment is further elaborated to technical scheme.
One preferred embodiment of biomass direct-combustion boiler of the invention, the biomass direct-combustion boiler, including：Pot
Furnace body 44, is internally provided with combustor 45, many return flues 46 of fin panel casing composition, and the bottom of the combustor 45 is provided with
Water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6,46 are provided with steam superheater 10 in many return flues；Feeding system 1, before it is with boiler body 44
Wall is connected, and biomass fuel is input into into combustor 45；Discharge system 47, it is arranged at many return flues 46 and water-cooling vibration furnace grate
6 bottoms, biomass fuel burnout substances are exported outside stove；Stove external flue 48, it connects with the top of last return flue 5, presses inside it
Economizer 13, secondary wind preheater 17 and First air preheater 16 are sequentially provided with according to flue gas flow direction, after feedwater and air preheat
Send in stove；Also include being arranged on an inlet air plenum 7 of the lower section of water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6, the secondary wind inleting tube of the side wall of combustor 45
49 and distributor 8.
To realize the technical purpose of the above, the present invention will take following technical scheme：A kind of biomass direct-combustion boiler, bag
Include feeding system 1, burner hearth（First return flue）2nd, the second return flue 3, the 3rd return flue 4, the 4th return flue（Flue gas
Heat recovery boiler）5th, water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6, air compartment 7 of water-cooling vibration furnace grate, secondary wind distributor 8, drum 9, steam
Superheater 10, fire grate fin panel casing 11, flue fin panel casing 12, economizer 13, high-temperature flue gas cooler 14, low-temperature flue gas
Cooler 15, First air preheater 16, secondary wind preheater 17, the ash system 18 that falls, slag removing system 19, cleaner unit 20, aerator
21st, air-introduced machine 22 etc..The biomass direct-combustion boiler arranges that boiler circuit adopts Natural Circulation, decline is concentrated outside flue in M shapes
The structure of pipe 23；Feeding system 1 is fed using front wall, is furnished with start-up burner 24, and the start-up burner 24 is arranged on burner hearth（The
One return flue）On 2 right side fin panel casings, the burner hearth（First return flue）2 rectangular cross-sections；Using Water-cooling vibration stove
Row 6 plus the combustion system of front-furnace feeding, burner hearth（First return flue）If different parts, differing heights multiple spot are arranged on 2 side walls
Dry furnace air distribution interface equipment 25.Burner hearth（First return flue）2nd, the second return flue 3, the 3rd return flue 4 adopt film
Formula water wall structure, the flue fin panel casing surrounds and constitutes the exhaust gases passes space of setting steam superheater 10, described
Flue fin panel casing 12 collectively forms the vapo(u)rization system of biomass direct-combustion boiler with fire grate fin panel casing 11.4th return smoke
Road 5 is sequentially with from top to bottom economizer 13, high-temperature flue gas cooler 14, low-temperature flue gas cooler 15 along flue gas flow direction；Once
Wind preheater 16, secondary wind preheater 17 are arranged on outside exhaust gases passes, and heat exchange is carried out as medium using water；First air is preheated
Device 16 builds heat exchange with low-temperature flue gas cooler 15, and secondary wind preheater 17 builds heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas cooler 14；
First air preheater 16, the air intake of secondary wind preheater 17 are connected respectively with aerator 21, and the heat of First air preheater 16 is empty
Gas outlet is connected by air compartment 7 of First air pipeline and water-cooling vibration furnace grate, and the hot air outlet of secondary wind preheater 17 leads to
Cross secondary wind pipeline to be connected with secondary wind distributor 8.Biomass fuel is in the first return flue（Burner hearth）Water-cooling vibration in 2
The surface combustion of fire grate 6 generates flue gas, and the flue gas flows through burner hearth by the pressure head order that air-introduced machine 22 is provided（First return smoke
Road）2nd, the second return flue 3, the 3rd return flue 4, the 4th return flue 5；Water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6 and the bottom of the 4th return flue 5
Portion is provided with ash system 18, burner hearth（First return flue）2 and the bottom of the 3rd return flue 6 be provided with slag removing system 19；The cigarette
Gas completes to be purified into cleaner unit 20 after heat exchange, and finally by chimney air is entered.The water inlet of economizer 13 is female with feedwater
Pipe 27 is connected, and outlet is connected with drum 9；Drum 9 is by tedge 28 and the outer common downcomer 23 of flue and fire grate membrane type water
Cold wall 11, flue fin panel casing 12 are connected and constitute closed circuit, steam (vapor) outlet and the steam inlet of steam superheater 10 of drum 9
It is connected；The superheated steam outlet of steam superheater 10 is connected with steam pipe system.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6 is by fire grate fin panel casing 11, furnace grate support 29
And vibrating device 30 is constituted, fire grate fin panel casing 11 is arranged on furnace grate support 29, and furnace grate support 29 passes through vibrating device 30
Carry out of reciprocating vibration；The declining forward angle of water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6, the inclination angle and horizontal sextant angle are 5 °, its direction of vibration and level
Direction inclination angle is 20 °, and the amplitude of vibrating device is ± 5mm；The lower end of fire grate fin panel casing 11 is by header 31 and down-comer
23 connections, higher-end is connected by header 31 with tedge 28；Fire grate fin panel casing 11 is provided with equidistant uniform circular hole, institute
Circularhole diameter is stated for 4.5mm；Air compartment 7 of the water-cooling vibration furnace grate is arranged at the lower section of water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the First air preheater 16, the air outlet slit of secondary wind preheater 17 are arranged
There is regulating valve 32.The outlet air of secondary wind preheater 17 is by secondary wind distributor 8 and feeding system 1, ignition
Device 24, furnace air distribution interface equipment 50 set up respectively connection.First air, secondary wind allocation proportion are 3:7、5:5 or 6:4.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the steam superheater 10 is arranged using level Four, adjacent two-stage superheater
Between be provided with direct-contact desuperheater 33.I grade of superheater 34 and II grade of superheater 35 are set in sequence in from top to bottom the 3rd return flue 4
In, I grade of superheater 34 and the snakelike horizontal setting of II grade of 35 heating surface bank of superheater 36.III grade of superheater 37 is arranged on burner hearth（The
One return flue）2 top, IV grade of superheater 38 is arranged in the second return flue 3, III grade of superheater 37 and IV grade overheated
The screen formula of 38 heating surface bank of device 39 is vertically arranged, and III grade of superheater 37 and IV grade of material of 38 heating surface bank of superheater 39 are
1Cr19Ni11Nb。
As a further improvement on the present invention, the burner hearth（First return flue）2nd, the second return flue 3, the 3rd backhaul
Flue 4, the side wall of the 4th return flue 5 are provided with steam soot blowing equipment 40, the biomass direct-combustion boiler main steam line 41
A pipeline for leading to temperature reducing and pressure reducing system 42 is provided with, the temperature reducing and pressure reducing system 42 is that steam soot blowing equipment 40 provides soot blowing vapour
Source.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the air preheater is a system being independently arranged, by high-temperature flue gas
Cooler 14, low-temperature flue gas cooler 15, First air preheater 16, secondary wind preheater 17 are constituted.It is First air preheater 16, low
Pressure gas cooler 15 sets up heat transfer cycle by low pressure recycle water pump 43；Secondary wind preheater 17, high pressure gas cooler
14 bypass the pressure head for providing by the biomass fuel boiler feed main 27 sets up heat transfer cycle.The high-temperature flue gas are cold
But device 15 and the heating surface bank material of low-temperature flue gas cooler 14 are 09CrCuSb.
The first use process of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Biomass fuel Jing feeding systems 1 are pushed from before water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6（Yellow bar）Or use material seeding wind（Take from First air pre-
Hot device）It is blown into（Grey bar）, disturbed by the First air of air compartment 7 of water-cooling vibration furnace grate below fire grate fin panel casing 11
It is dynamic, through being dried, catching fire, burning and after-flame four-stage in the presence of the top radiant heat of water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6, by
The side wall of burner hearth 2 arranges secondary wind inleting tube 49, furnace air distribution interface equipment 50 and the secondary wind distributor in differing heights and direction
8, increase secondary air, promote after-flame；The First air, secondary wind are that air provides pressure head Jing First air preheaters by aerator
16th, the heating of secondary wind preheater 17 is obtained；During the ash that produces by water-cooling vibration furnace grate 6 and the bottom of the 4th return flue 5
The ash system 18 that falls discharge out of the furnace, slag then pass through burner hearth（First return flue）2 and the bottom of the 3rd return flue 6 except slag system
System 19 discharges out of the furnace；The flue gas of biomass fuel combustion production completes to be purified into cleaner unit 20 after heat exchange, Jing air-introduced machines 22
It is aspirated through chimney 26 and enters air.Feedwater from feed main 27 enters drum 9, flue membrane type Jing after the heating of economizer 13
Water-cooling wall 12 is with the steam water interface produced by fire grate fin panel casing 11 by tedge 28, common downcomer 23 and drum 9
Soda pop natural convection loop is constituted, it is overheated that the interior saturated vapor for producing of drum 9 is generated Jing after steam superheater 10 further heating
Steam, is sent to heat distribution pipe network.
Technological means disclosed in the present invention program are not limited only to the technological means disclosed in above-mentioned technological means, also include
The technical scheme being made up of above technical characteristic combination in any.
With the above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff is complete
Entirely various change and modification can be carried out in the range of without departing from this invention technological thought.The technology of this invention
Property scope is not limited to the content in description, it is necessary to its technical scope is determined according to right.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biomass direct-combustion boiler, including boiler body and drum, it is characterised in that described boiler body includes combustion
Burn stove and the smoke and waste steam boiler connected with combustion furnace flue outlet by smoke conveying duct；Wherein：
Described combustion furnace, including combustor and many return flues with combustion chamber, and the equipped water in bottom of combustor
Cold vibrating-grate stoker；The flue of the combustion furnace adopts film water cold wall structure, and the flue that the film water cold wall structure is surrounded is empty
Between in be disposed with steam superheater；
The smoke and waste steam boiler, including stove external flue and the economizer in stove external flue；
The water inlet of economizer is connected with feed main, and outlet is connected with drum；
Between drum and the film water cold wall structure of combustion furnace, it is connected by tedge and the outer common downcomer of flue respectively, shape
Into soda pop natural convection loop；
The steam (vapor) outlet of drum is connected with the steam inlet of steam superheater；And superheated steam outlet and the steam of steam superheater
Pipe network is connected.
2. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described many return flues are included according to cigarette
Air-flow is to the burner hearth for setting gradually, the second return flue and the 3rd return flue；The combustor is arranged at the lower section of burner hearth,
3rd return flue is connected with smoke and waste steam boiler.
3. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water-cooling vibration furnace grate includes fire grate film
Formula water-cooling wall, furnace grate support and the vibrating device for driving furnace grate support to vibrate；Fire grate fin panel casing is arranged on fire grate
On support, and furnace grate support is then connected with the clutch end of vibrating device；Water-cooled is provided with below fire grate fin panel casing
Air compartment of vibrating-grate stoker, air compartment of the water-cooling vibration furnace grate is by passage uniform on fire grate fin panel casing and combustion
Burn room connection.
4. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the fire grate fin panel casing inclines cloth
Put, and fire grate fin panel casing is connected relative to the higher-end of burning furnace bottom with tedge, and lower end then connects with down-comer
Connect；The level inclination of the fire grate fin panel casing is 5 °；The amplitude of vibrating device is ± 5mm, and fire grate fin panel casing exists
Under the drive of vibrating device, produced direction of vibration and the inclination angle of horizontal direction is 20 °.
5. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 3, it is characterised in that air compartment of the water-cooling vibration furnace grate leads to
Cross First air pipeline to connect with the hot air outlet of First air preheater, air intake and the aerator phase of the First air preheater
Even, and First air preheater is arranged on outside smoke and waste steam boiler, and with the low-temperature flue gas in smoke and waste steam boiler flue
Heat exchange is built between cooler, low-temperature flue gas cooler is arranged on the downstream of economizer flue gas flow direction.
6. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in the flue of the smoke and waste steam boiler,
High-temperature flue gas cooler is disposed between economizer and low-temperature flue gas cooler；The high-temperature flue gas cooler be arranged on cigarette
Heat exchange, and the air intake of secondary wind preheater and aerator phase are built between secondary wind preheater outside gas waste heat boiler
Connect, and the hot air outlet of secondary wind preheater is connected by secondary wind pipeline with secondary wind distributor, and secondary air separating is matched somebody with somebody
Device is connected by furnace air distribution interface equipment with burner hearth.
7. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the First air preheater, secondary wind are pre-
The air outlet slit of hot device is provided with regulating valve；And the First air of First air preheater output and the two of the output of secondary wind preheater
Secondary wind allocation proportion is 3:7、5:5 or 6:4.
8. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the steam superheater is set using level Four
Put, respectively；I grade of superheater, II grade of superheater, III grade of superheater, IV grade of superheater；It is provided between adjacent two-stage superheater
Direct-contact desuperheater；I grade of superheater and II grade of superheater are set in sequence in from top to bottom in the 3rd return flue, I grade of superheater and
The serpentine-like horizontal setting of heating surface bank of II grade of superheater；III grade of superheater is arranged on the top of burner hearth, and IV grade of superheater is arranged
In the second return flue, the heat-transfer pipe of III grade of superheater and IV grade of superheater is vertically arranged using beam screen formula；III grade of mistake
Hot device and IV grade of superheater heating surface bank material are 1Cr19Ni11Nb.
9. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the side wall and cigarette of the combustion furnace flue
The side wall of gas waste heat boiler is provided with steam soot blowing equipment；Meanwhile, the bottom of the water-cooling vibration furnace grate and smoke and waste steam boiler
Portion is fitted with ash system, and burner hearth, the bottom of the 3rd return flue are provided with slag-tapping system.
10. biomass direct-combustion boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flue gas of the smoke and waste steam boiler goes out
After mouth is connected with cleaner unit, Jing after air-introduced machine introduces chimney, with atmosphere；The combustion furnace is by charging aperture and feeding system
Discharging opening connection；The feeding system is fed using front wall, is furnished with start-up burner, and the start-up burner is arranged on burner hearth
On the fin panel casing of right side.
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| CN201611255493.9A CN106594698A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Biomass direct-fired boiler |
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| CN201611255493.9A CN106594698A (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Biomass direct-fired boiler |
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| CN107654992A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 钱康 | A kind of biomass centralized power generation device |
| CN107702082A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-16 | 苏州海陆重工股份有限公司 | Biomass fuel fire tube boiler |
| CN107830513A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-23 | 国能生源科技有限公司 | A kind of efficiently focus controlled distribution biomass combustion boiler |
| CN108167816A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-06-15 | 济南锅炉集团有限公司 | Water cooling clamp-type anti-rock U-shaped pendant superheater |
| CN108844055A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七研究所 | boiler |
| CN109210558A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-15 | 曾金玉 | A kind of biomass boiler high-temperature flue gas purification processing unit |
| CN110207088A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-06 | 山东东能动力科技有限公司 | The steam boiler and its method of a kind of coal dust, sewage sludge biomass fuel |
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| CN112377893A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-19 | 上海工业锅炉研究所有限公司 | Biomass corner tube boiler water circulation system is fired in four return strokes of single-boiler section of thick bamboo |
| CN112762613A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-07 | 上海工业锅炉研究所有限公司 | Biomass-fired corner-tube type organic heat carrier boiler |
| CN112856365A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 北京德普新源生态技术有限公司 | Biomass direct-fired water-cooling vibrating grate high-temperature ultrahigh-pressure reheating boiler |
| CN112856366A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 北京德普新源生态技术有限公司 | Biomass direct-combustion water-cooling vibrating grate steam boiler |
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| CN113606785A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-05 | 郭奇 | Forced circulation ultra-low nitrogen vacuum phase-change hot water condensation boiler |
| CN114738720A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南长宏锅炉科技股份有限公司 | Smoke circulating reciprocating grate combustion biomass steam boiler |
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| CN107654992A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 钱康 | A kind of biomass centralized power generation device |
| CN107702082A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-16 | 苏州海陆重工股份有限公司 | Biomass fuel fire tube boiler |
| CN107830513A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-23 | 国能生源科技有限公司 | A kind of efficiently focus controlled distribution biomass combustion boiler |
| CN108167816B (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2024-01-26 | 济南锅炉集团有限公司 | Water-cooling clamping type anti-shaking U-shaped screen type superheater |
| CN108167816A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-06-15 | 济南锅炉集团有限公司 | Water cooling clamp-type anti-rock U-shaped pendant superheater |
| CN108844055A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七研究所 | boiler |
| CN109210558A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-15 | 曾金玉 | A kind of biomass boiler high-temperature flue gas purification processing unit |
| CN110207088A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-06 | 山东东能动力科技有限公司 | The steam boiler and its method of a kind of coal dust, sewage sludge biomass fuel |
| CN110207088B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2024-03-01 | 山东东能动力科技有限公司 | Steam boiler of pulverized coal and sludge biomass fuel and method thereof |
| CN112082141A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-15 | 邢献军 | High-efficient heat transfer boiler plant |
| WO2021149196A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | Heat transfer panel structure for boiler |
| JP7316388B2 (en) | 2020-01-22 | 2023-07-27 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Boiler heat transfer panel structure |
| CN111623334A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-04 | 北京天清源工程技术有限公司 | Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler |
| CN112377893A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-19 | 上海工业锅炉研究所有限公司 | Biomass corner tube boiler water circulation system is fired in four return strokes of single-boiler section of thick bamboo |
| CN112856365A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 北京德普新源生态技术有限公司 | Biomass direct-fired water-cooling vibrating grate high-temperature ultrahigh-pressure reheating boiler |
| CN112856366A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 北京德普新源生态技术有限公司 | Biomass direct-combustion water-cooling vibrating grate steam boiler |
| CN112762613A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-07 | 上海工业锅炉研究所有限公司 | Biomass-fired corner-tube type organic heat carrier boiler |
| CN113606785A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-05 | 郭奇 | Forced circulation ultra-low nitrogen vacuum phase-change hot water condensation boiler |
| CN114738720A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南长宏锅炉科技股份有限公司 | Smoke circulating reciprocating grate combustion biomass steam boiler |
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