CN111623334A - Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler - Google Patents
Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN111623334A CN111623334A CN202010591732.8A CN202010591732A CN111623334A CN 111623334 A CN111623334 A CN 111623334A CN 202010591732 A CN202010591732 A CN 202010591732A CN 111623334 A CN111623334 A CN 111623334A
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- air
- flue gas
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- communicated
- gas channel
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
- F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
- F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G7/00—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition
- F22G7/12—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition in flues
Abstract
The invention discloses an angle tube type biomass fuel boiler, which comprises: the boiler body comprises a boiler barrel, a hearth and a fire grate, wherein a feeding port and a flue gas outlet are formed in the hearth; the flue gas channel comprises a flue gas channel and a tail flue gas channel, the flue gas outlet is communicated with the tail flue gas channel through the gas inlet channel, and the flue gas channel is provided with a superheating device; the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and performs heat exchange; the fan device is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater; the primary economizer is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and performs heat exchange, the primary economizer is positioned below the air preheater, and hot water in the primary economizer performs heat exchange with air entering the air preheater; the second-stage economizer is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, and is located above the air preheater, so that the smoke exhaust loss of the boiler is effectively reduced, and the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to an angle tube type biomass fuel boiler.
Background
Boilers which are on the market at present in industrial production and take biomass as boiler fuel to provide steam required by the production process are all saturated steam, and the condensation loss of the boilers in steam supply pipelines is large. . When the flue gas in the tail flue gas channel of the boiler on the market is discharged, the temperature is higher, the loss of smoke discharge is large, and the energy waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the angle tube type biomass fuel boiler which provides superheated steam, so that the condensation loss of a steam supply pipeline is small, and the smoke discharge loss of the boiler can be effectively reduced.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the corner tube type biomass fuel boiler comprises: the boiler comprises a boiler body, wherein the boiler body comprises a boiler barrel, a hearth and a grate, the grate is arranged in the hearth, and a feeding port and a flue gas outlet are formed in the hearth;
the boiler comprises a boiler body, a boiler barrel, a flue gas channel and a heating device, wherein the boiler barrel is arranged in the boiler body, the flue gas channel comprises an air inlet channel arranged in the boiler body and a tail flue gas channel exhausting to the outside, a flue gas outlet is communicated with the tail flue gas channel through the air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel is provided with the heating device which is communicated with the boiler barrel and exchanges heat with the flue gas in the air inlet channel; the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, and air in the air preheater can be conveyed into the hearth; the fan device is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater and can introduce external air into the air preheater; the primary economizer is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, the primary economizer is positioned below the air preheater and is provided with a water inlet end, and hot water in the primary economizer exchanges heat with air entering the air preheater; the secondary economizer is arranged on the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, the secondary economizer is positioned above the air preheater, the water outlet end of the primary economizer is communicated with the water inlet end of the secondary economizer, and the water outlet end of the secondary economizer is communicated with the boiler barrel.
The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the flue gas channel is internally provided with a superheating device, feed water enters the primary economizer to absorb heat in the tail flue gas channel, then the feed water flows through the secondary economizer and enters the drum, steam-water separation is carried out through the drum to obtain saturated steam, then the saturated steam enters the superheating device, and the flue gas in the tail flue gas channel exchanges heat with the steam in the superheating device to obtain superheated steam; in this technical scheme, with the second grade economizer, air heater and one-level economizer cross arrangement, through the second grade economizer, air heater and one-level economizer utilize the flue gas many times to carry out the heat exchange, improve the flue gas utilization ratio, the loss of discharging fume of boiler has effectively been reduced, and the interior flue gas of afterbody flue gas passageway heats the air in the air heater, and heat the air that gets into in the air inlet end of air heater through the hot water in the one-level economizer, avoided air heater to take place low temperature corrosion and stifled grey problem.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the furnace is a vertical structure, the gas inlet channel comprises a first region and a second region, the gas outlet is communicated with one end of the first region, the other end of the first region is communicated with one end of the second region, and the other end of the second region is communicated with the tail flue gas channel; the superheating device comprises a primary superheater and a secondary superheater communicated with the primary superheater, the primary superheater is arranged in the second area, the secondary superheater is arranged in the first area, the steam inlet end of the primary superheater is communicated with the drum, and the steam outlet end of the secondary superheater is used for supplying steam to industrial steam users.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a first evaporation heating surface and a second evaporation heating surface located above the first evaporation heating surface are arranged in the second area, and the primary superheater is located between the first evaporation heating surface and the second evaporation heating surface.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first evaporation heating surface and the second evaporation heating surface are arranged opposite to each other and are both flag-shaped.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the air heater further comprises a heater group, wherein a water chamber and an air chamber are arranged on the heater group, the primary economizer is communicated with the water inlet end of the water chamber, the water outlet end of the water chamber is communicated with the secondary economizer, the air inlet of the air chamber is communicated with the air outlet of the fan device, the air outlet of the air chamber is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater, and the air inlet of the fan device is communicated with the outside.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a primary air chamber communicated with the grate is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body, and a primary air hole communicated with the hearth is arranged on the grate; the air heater group comprises a primary air heater and a secondary air heater arranged in parallel with the primary air heater; the fan device comprises a primary fan for conveying primary air and a secondary fan for conveying secondary air, an air outlet of the primary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the primary air heater, and an air outlet of the secondary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the secondary air heater; the air preheater comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, wherein the air inlet end of the primary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the primary air heater, the air inlet end of the secondary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the secondary air heater, the air outlet end of the primary air preheater can be aligned to the primary air chamber to convey primary air and pass through the primary air hole to the hearth, and the air outlet end of the secondary air preheater can be aligned to the hearth to convey secondary air.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a water-cooling evaporation screen capable of increasing heat absorption capacity is arranged in the hearth.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the bottom of the boiler body is provided with a slag outlet communicated with the hearth, and the grate is inclined towards the slag outlet.
According to some embodiments of the invention the grate is inclined at an angle α, 5 ≦ α ≦ 9.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grate is arranged at the lower part of the hearth, and the grate is configured as a water-cooling vibration grate, and the grate is in transmission connection with a driving device.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tail flue gas channel.
Reference numerals:
the boiler comprises a boiler body 10, a boiler barrel 11, a hearth 12, a fire grate 13, a driving device 131, a feeding port 14, a flue gas outlet 15, a downcomer 16, an inlet pipe 18, an outlet pipe 17, an ash falling port 191 and a slag outlet 192;
the gas inlet channel 20, the first area 21, the second area 22, the 180-degree turning flue gas chamber 23, the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222;
a tail flue gas channel 30, a superheater 40, a primary superheater 41 and a secondary superheater 42;
the air preheater 51, the heater group 52, the primary air heater 521, the secondary air heater 522, the primary economizer 60, the secondary economizer 70 and the water-cooling evaporation screen 80.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to, for example, the upper, lower, etc., is indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if there are first and second described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it is not understood that relative importance is indicated or implied or that the number of indicated technical features or the precedence of the indicated technical features is implicitly indicated or implied.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an angled tube type biomass fuel boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the boiler comprises a boiler body 10, wherein the boiler body 10 comprises a boiler barrel 11, a hearth 12 and a grate 13, the grate 13 is arranged in the hearth 12, and a feeding port 14 and a flue gas outlet 15 are arranged on the hearth 12; the boiler comprises a boiler body 10, a flue gas channel, a flue gas inlet channel, a flue gas outlet 15 and a superheating device 40, wherein the flue gas channel comprises an air inlet channel 20 arranged in the boiler body 10 and a tail flue gas channel 30 exhausting to the outside, the flue gas outlet 15 is communicated with the tail flue gas channel 30 through the air inlet channel 20, and the air inlet channel 20 is provided with the superheating device 40 communicated with a boiler barrel 11 and exchanging heat with flue gas in the air inlet channel 20; the air preheater 51 is arranged in the tail flue gas channel 30 and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel 30, and air in the air preheater 51 can be conveyed into the hearth 12; a fan device which is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater 51 and can introduce external air into the air preheater 51; the primary economizer 60 is arranged in the tail flue gas channel 30 and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel 30, the primary economizer 60 is positioned below the air preheater 51, the primary economizer 60 is provided with a water inlet end, and hot water in the primary economizer 60 exchanges heat with air entering the air preheater 51; the secondary economizer 70 is arranged in the tail flue gas channel 30 and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel 30, the secondary economizer 70 is positioned above the air preheater 51, the water outlet end of the primary economizer 60 is communicated with the water inlet end of the secondary economizer 70, and the water outlet end of the secondary economizer 70 is communicated with the boiler barrel 11.
The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: a superheating device 40 is arranged in the gas inlet channel 20, feed water enters the primary economizer 60 to absorb heat in the tail flue gas channel 30, then the feed water flows through the secondary economizer to enter the boiler barrel 11, steam-water separation is carried out through the boiler barrel 11 to obtain saturated steam, then the saturated steam enters the superheating device 40, and heat exchange is carried out between the flue gas in the tail flue gas channel 30 and the steam in the superheating device 40 to obtain superheated steam; in the technical scheme, the secondary economizer 70, the air preheater 51 and the primary economizer 60 are arranged in a crossed manner, and the secondary economizer 70, the air preheater 51 and the primary economizer 60 use flue gas for multiple times for heat exchange, so that the utilization rate of the flue gas is improved, and the smoke exhaust loss of the boiler is effectively reduced; the flue gas in the tail flue gas channel 30 heats the air in the air preheater 51, and the hot water in the primary economizer 60 heats the air entering the air inlet end of the air preheater 51, so that the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater 51 are avoided.
It will be appreciated that the deaerator delivers feed water to the inlet end of the primary economizer 60 to remove dissolved oxygen and other gases from the feed water and prevent and reduce corrosion of the boiler feed water tubes, economizers, and other ancillary equipment. In some embodiments of the invention, low pressure feed water from the deaerator is pumped into the primary economizer 60 by a low pressure feed water pump.
It should be noted that the exhaust port of the tail flue gas channel 30 is arranged downward; the flue gas outlet 15 of the furnace 12 is positioned at the upper part thereof; the furnace 12 and the gas inlet channel 20 are both formed by membrane walls. Of course, other structures are possible, such as: light pipe waterwalls, and the like, without limitation. The boiler furnace 12 is supported by a plurality of down pipes 16 and water wall lower headers, the down pipes 16 are arranged above the water wall lower headers at two sides, the water wall lower headers at two sides are supported by a boiler main steel frame, and the boiler main steel frame is used for supporting the boiler furnace 12 and a tail heating surface below the boiler furnace 12. The rigid structure on the periphery of the boiler furnace 12 is only used for supporting the platform escalator, the function is clear, the structure is simple, and steel is saved.
As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the furnace 12 is a vertical structure, the gas inlet channel 20 comprises a first area 21 and a second area 22, the flue gas outlet 15 is connected to one end of the first area 21, the other end of the first area 21 is connected to one end of the second area 22, and the other end of the second area 22 is connected to the tail flue gas channel 30; the superheating device 40 comprises a primary superheater 41 and a secondary superheater 42 communicated with the primary superheater 41, the primary superheater 41 is arranged in the second area 22, the secondary superheater 42 is arranged in the first area 21, the steam inlet end of the primary superheater 41 is communicated with the drum 11, and the steam outlet end of the secondary superheater 42 is used for supplying steam to industrial steam users. It should be noted that the primary superheater 41 and the secondary superheater 42 are communicated with each other through a primary water spray desuperheater, and a secondary water spray desuperheater is disposed at the rear of the secondary superheater 42. The saturated steam led out after passing through the steam-water separation and dehumidification equipment in the drum 11 is sent into the primary superheater 41 through the saturated steam leading-out pipe 17 to exchange heat with the flue gas in the second area 22, then is sent into the secondary superheater 42 after passing through the primary water spray desuperheater to exchange heat with the flue gas in the first area 21, and finally is led out after passing through the secondary water spray desuperheater to be supplied to industrial steam users. The two-stage superheater is matched with the two-stage water spray desuperheater, the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater is adjusted through the water spray amount so as to meet the steam temperature parameter requirement of an industrial user, the requirement of the steam temperature can be met even under the very low load of the boiler, the temperature adjusting range is large, the structure is simple, the operation is stable and reliable, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.
It should be noted that the secondary superheater 42 is a platen superheater; a180-degree turning flue gas chamber 23 is arranged between the first area 21 and the second area 22 and is communicated with the first area through the 180-degree turning flue gas chamber.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the furnace 12 is a vertical furnace, i.e., the front and rear of the furnace 12 are arch-free. The lower part of the hearth 12 is of an arch-free structure, so that the problems of short retention time of the flue gas in the hearth 12, large amount of fly ash carried by the flue gas and high carbon content of the fly ash caused by the fact that the arched hearth 12 accelerates the flue gas to flow upwards are solved. It can be understood that the burn-out of the volatile and flue gas-carried particles is accomplished by means of a scientifically rational design of secondary and over-fire air arranged on the front and rear water walls at the lower part of the furnace 12 in combination with the shape of the lower furnace 12.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a first evaporation heating surface 221 and a second evaporation heating surface 222 located above the first evaporation heating surface 221 are disposed in the second area 22, and the primary superheater 41 is located between the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222. In a specific embodiment, the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222 are disposed opposite to each other and are flag-shaped. Of course, in some embodiments, there are other arrangements of the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222, which are not limited herein.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, a heater group 52 is further included, a water chamber and an air chamber are disposed on the heater group 52, a primary economizer 60 is communicated with a water inlet end of the water chamber, a water outlet end of the water chamber is communicated with a secondary economizer, an air inlet of the air chamber is communicated with an air outlet of the fan device, an air outlet of the air chamber is communicated with an air inlet end of the air preheater, and an air inlet of the fan device is communicated with the outside. The water supply, namely hot water, absorbing heat in the primary economizer 60 enters the water chamber and serves as a heat source of the air heater group 52, the fan device conveys air to the air chamber and is heated by the hot water in the water chamber, and the heated air enters the air inlet end of the air preheater 51, so that the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater 51 are avoided, and the heat source used by the air heater group 52 is the heat of the flue gas absorbed by the water in the primary economizer 60 without an additional heat source outside the boiler.
It is understood that in some embodiments of the present invention, the secondary economizer 70, the air preheater 51 and the primary economizer 60 are designed to be arranged in a crossed manner, and the primary economizer 60 is arranged at the outlet of the tail flue gas channel 30 of the boiler, so that low-temperature corrosion at the primary economizer 60 can be prevented since the feed water temperature at the inlet of the primary economizer 60 is 104 ℃ and the exhaust gas temperature is 130 ℃. The air preheater 51 is arranged between the primary economizer 60 and the secondary economizer 70, and hot water at the outlet of the primary economizer 60 is used as a heat source of the heater group 52 to heat cold air, so that the lowest metal temperature of the cold-end pipe of the air preheater 51 is higher than 100 ℃, and the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater 51 are avoided.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the boiler body 10 is provided with a primary air chamber communicated with the grate 13, and the grate 13 is provided with a primary air hole communicated with the furnace 12; the heater group 52 includes a primary air heater 521 and a secondary air heater 522 arranged side by side with the primary air heater 521; the fan device comprises a primary fan for conveying primary air and a secondary fan for conveying secondary air, an air outlet of the primary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the primary air heater 521, and an air outlet of the secondary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the secondary air heater 522; the air preheater comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, the air inlet end of the primary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the primary air heater 521, the air inlet end of the secondary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the secondary air heater 522, the air outlet end of the primary air preheater can convey primary air to the primary air chamber and convey the primary air to the hearth 12 through the primary air holes, and the air outlet end of the secondary air preheater can convey secondary air to the hearth 12. It should be noted that the air required for combustion is divided into primary air and secondary air, which are respectively provided by a primary air fan and a secondary air fan; the hearth 12 is provided with an ignition air port, a secondary air port and a burn-out air port, primary air can be conveyed to a primary air chamber through the primary air preheater and conveyed into the hearth 12 through a primary air hole of the grate 13 to provide volatile combustion, secondary air can be conveyed to the lower part of the hearth 12 through the secondary air preheater and is sprayed into the hearth 12 through the ignition air port, the secondary air port and the burn-out air port respectively, and the ignition air is mainly mixed with volatile separated out from fuel for combustion. The secondary air and the over-fire air are fully mixed with the flue gas to provide oxygen for carbon and some gaseous combustible substances in the fly ash.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a water-cooled evaporation screen 80 is disposed in the furnace 12 to increase the heat absorption capacity of the water-cooled wall and increase the evaporation capacity. It will be appreciated that the water-cooled evaporation screen 80 is located in the upper portion of the furnace 12.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the boiler body 10 is provided with a slag outlet 192 communicating with the furnace 12, and the grate 13 is disposed to be inclined toward the slag outlet 192. Can ensure smooth slag discharge. In a specific embodiment, the inclination angle of the grate 13 is set to be α, α is greater than or equal to 5 ° and less than or equal to 9 °, so that fuel and ash residues are moved backwards by the vibration of the grate 13, and finally the ash residues fall into the slag outlet 192 from the lower end of the grate 13 and are discharged by the slag conveyor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the grate 13 is disposed at the lower portion of the furnace 12, and the grate 13 is configured as a water-cooled vibrating grate 13, and the grate 13 is drivingly connected to a driving device 131. It can be understood that the primary air chamber is divided into three sections which respectively correspond to the three sections of the water-cooled vibrating grate 13, and the primary air holes are opened on the surface of the grate 13. The water-cooling vibrating grate 13 is adopted, so that fuel such as straws and the like can be prevented from being burnt on the surface of the grate 13, ash residues are conveyed to the furnace, namely the ash outlet 192 is discharged, the ash residues are more in alkali metal content and low in ash melting point, if the common grate 13 is adopted, the surface temperature of the grate 13 is high, the ash residues are easily melted on the surface of the grate 13, primary air holes in the surface of the grate 13 are easily blocked, the burning of the straws is not facilitated, the slag discharge is not facilitated, and the grate 13 is also easily burnt out. The surface of the water-cooling vibrating grate 13 is cooled by a water pipe, so that the surface temperature of the grate 13 is low, ash and slag are not easy to melt on the surface of the water-cooling grate 13, slag is easy to discharge, and the grate 13 is not easy to burn out.
It can be understood that the fuel is biomass fuel such as agricultural and forestry waste, and various biomass fuels can be simultaneously blended, such as: the fuel can be produced by using the following raw materials of rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw, cotton stalk, reed, bark, board skin, rice hull, peanut shell, wood chip, sawdust, furniture processing leftover material, building template and the like, and has wide fuel adaptability and high combustion efficiency.
It should be noted that the combustion system of the invention is a combustion device, the shape of the lower furnace 12 is scientifically and effectively matched with the air distribution system, the combustion device adopts the water-cooled vibrating grate 13, and the combustion device has the characteristics of difficult coking, wide fuel application range, large load regulation ratio, simple and easy operation and control and capability of realizing automatic control.
It will be appreciated that as shown in figures 1 and 2, two downcomers 16, four downcomers 16 in total, are provided in front of and behind the furnace 12, the first two downcomers 16 supporting the drum 11 simultaneously.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: through fuel feed inlet 14, air heater 51 carries primary air to furnace 12 through the wind hole and passes through the overgrate air and spout into furnace 12 through ignition wind gap, overgrate air and burn-out wind gap respectively, burn the fuel through water-cooling vibration grate 13, the flue gas that the burning produced flows into first region 21 by flue gas outlet 15 on furnace 12 upper portion, flow out first region 21 and get into 180 degrees turn flue gas room 23 after the heat transfer with second grade superheater 42, have ash particle that carries in some flue gas can be discharged by the subside ash that the boiler body 10 falls the ash hole 191 and fall in the dragveyer by the separation in 180 degrees turn flue gas room 23 because the effect of the centrifugal force of turning. The flue gas flows through a 180-degree turning flue gas chamber 23 and then enters a second area 22, sequentially flows through a first evaporation heating surface 221, a primary superheater 41 and a second evaporation heating surface 222, then flows into a tail flue gas channel 30, sequentially flows through a secondary economizer 70, an air preheater 51 and a primary economizer 60, and then leaves the boiler;
the water is supplied to the primary economizer 60 through the deaerator to absorb the heat of the flue gas of the tail flue gas, the primary economizer 60 supplies the hot water to the water chamber of the heater unit 52, the heater unit 52 uses the hot water as a heat source and heats the air in the air chamber of the heater unit 52, and then the hot water is supplied to the secondary economizer 70 through the water chamber of the heater unit 52 and finally enters the boiler barrel 11. Water in the drum 11 enters the membrane water-cooling wall through a lower header of the membrane water-cooling wall by a downcomer 16, a steam-water mixture enters an upper header from a heating surface of the membrane water-cooling wall and is subjected to steam-water pre-separation in the upper header, wet steam enters a steam space at the upper part of the drum 11 through a wet steam introducing pipe 18 of the drum 11, a part of separated water enters circulation through the drum 11 and a front downcomer 16, and the other part of separated water is directly supplied to evaporation heating surfaces far away from the drum 11 through a rear downcomer 16. The saturated steam led out after passing through the steam-water separation and dehumidification equipment in the drum 11 is sent into the primary superheater 41 through the saturated steam leading-out pipe 17 to exchange heat with the flue gas in the second area 22, then is sent into the secondary superheater 42 after passing through the primary water spray desuperheater to exchange heat with the flue gas in the first area 21, and finally is led out after passing through the secondary water spray desuperheater to be supplied to industrial steam users.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. Corner tube formula biomass fuel boiler characterized in that includes:
the boiler comprises a boiler body (10), wherein the boiler body (10) comprises a boiler barrel (11), a hearth (12) and a grate (13), the grate (13) is arranged in the hearth (12), and a feeding port (14) and a flue gas outlet (15) are formed in the hearth (12);
the boiler comprises a boiler body (10), a flue gas channel and a heat exchanger, wherein the flue gas channel comprises an air inlet channel (20) arranged in the boiler body (10) and a tail flue gas channel (30) exhausting to the outside, a flue gas outlet (15) is communicated with the tail flue gas channel (30) through the air inlet channel (20), and the air inlet channel (20) is provided with a superheating device (40) communicated with the boiler barrel (11) and exchanging heat with flue gas in the air inlet channel (20);
the air preheater (51) is arranged in the tail flue gas channel (30) and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel (30), and air in the air preheater (51) can be conveyed into the hearth (12);
the fan device is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater (51) and can introduce external air into the air preheater (51);
the primary economizer (60) is arranged in the tail flue gas channel (30) and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel (30), the primary economizer (60) is positioned below the air preheater (51), the primary economizer (60) is provided with a water inlet end, and hot water in the primary economizer (60) exchanges heat with air entering the air preheater (51);
the secondary economizer (70) is arranged on the tail flue gas channel (30) and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel (30), the secondary economizer (70) is located above the air preheater (51), the water outlet end of the primary economizer (60) is communicated with the water inlet end of the secondary economizer (70), and the water outlet end of the secondary economizer (70) is communicated with the boiler barrel (11).
2. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace (12) is a vertical structure, the gas inlet channel (20) comprises a first area (21) and a second area (22), the flue gas outlet (15) is communicated with one end of the first area (21), the other end of the first area (21) is communicated with one end of the second area (22), and the other end of the second area (22) is communicated with the tail flue gas channel (30);
the superheating device (40) comprises a primary superheater (41) and a secondary superheater (42) communicated with the primary superheater (41), the primary superheater (41) is arranged in the second area (22), the secondary superheater (42) is arranged in the first area (21), the steam inlet end of the primary superheater (41) is communicated with the boiler barrel (11), and the steam outlet end of the secondary superheater (42) is used for supplying steam to industrial steam users.
3. The corner tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that a first evaporation heating surface (221) and a second evaporation heating surface (222) above the first evaporation heating surface (221) are arranged in the second region (22), and the primary superheater (41) is arranged between the first evaporation heating surface (221) and the second evaporation heating surface (222).
4. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler according to claim 3, wherein the first evaporation heating surface (221) and the second evaporation heating surface (222) are arranged oppositely and are both flag-shaped.
5. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler of claim 1, further comprising a heater group (52), wherein a water chamber and an air chamber are arranged on the heater group (52), the primary economizer (60) is communicated with a water inlet end of the water chamber, a water inlet end of the secondary economizer (70) is communicated with a water outlet end of the water chamber, an air inlet of the air chamber is communicated with an air outlet of the fan device, an air outlet of the air chamber is communicated with an air inlet end of the air preheater (51), and an air inlet of the fan device is communicated with the outside.
6. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler of claim 5, wherein a primary air chamber communicated with the fire grate (13) is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body (10), and a primary air hole communicated with the hearth (12) is arranged on the fire grate (13);
the air heater group (52) comprises a primary air heater (521) and a secondary air heater (522) which is arranged in parallel with the primary air heater (521);
the fan device comprises a primary fan for conveying primary air and a secondary fan for conveying secondary air, an air outlet of the primary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the primary air heater (521), and an air outlet of the secondary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the secondary air heater (522);
the air heater includes once-through air preheater and overgrate air preheater, the air inlet end of once-through air preheater with the air outlet of once-through air fan heater (521) is linked together, the air inlet end of overgrate air preheater with the air outlet of overgrate air fan heater (522) is linked together, the air-out end of once-through air preheater can be right once-through air is carried to the plenum and is passed through once-through air hole is carried extremely furnace (12), the air-out end of overgrate air preheater can be right carry the overgrate air in furnace (12).
7. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that a water-cooled evaporation screen (80) capable of increasing the heat absorption capacity is arranged in the hearth (12).
8. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the boiler body (10) is provided with a slag outlet (192) communicated with the furnace (12), and the grate (13) is obliquely arranged towards the slag outlet (192).
9. The corner tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that the inclination angle of the grate (13) is set to α, 5 ° ≦ α ≦ 9 °.
10. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the fire grate (13) is arranged at the lower part of the hearth (12), the fire grate (13) is configured as a water-cooling vibration fire grate (13), and the fire grate (13) is in transmission connection with a driving device (131).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010591732.8A CN111623334A (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010591732.8A CN111623334A (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler |
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| CN111623334A true CN111623334A (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010591732.8A Pending CN111623334A (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114738720A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南长宏锅炉科技股份有限公司 | Smoke circulating reciprocating grate combustion biomass steam boiler |
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| CN106594698A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏东九重工股份有限公司 | Biomass direct-fired boiler |
| CN106765015A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 江联重工集团股份有限公司 | One kind prevents the biomass fluid bed boiler of low-temperature corrosion of air preheater and system |
| CN212719666U (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-03-16 | 北京天清源工程技术有限公司 | Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102313282A (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-01-11 | 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 | High-temperature high-pressure recirculating fluidized bed boiler of combusting biomass straws |
| CN106765015A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 江联重工集团股份有限公司 | One kind prevents the biomass fluid bed boiler of low-temperature corrosion of air preheater and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114738720A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南长宏锅炉科技股份有限公司 | Smoke circulating reciprocating grate combustion biomass steam boiler |
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