CN214031800U

CN214031800U - Solar floating type seawater desalination device

Info

Publication number: CN214031800U
Application number: CN202023031599.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 庄煜彬; 谢果; 胡再国
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2020-12-16
Filing date: 2020-12-16
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-16

Abstract

A solar floating type seawater desalination device relates to a seawater desalination device, and the technical scheme is as follows: a container is communicated below the transparent ceiling, the container is a circular groove, condensed water is contained in the circular groove of the container, an area surrounded by an inner cylinder of the container is an evaporation area, and steam in the evaporation area can reach the container; the upper surface of the evaporation area is low-density seawater, which is to absorb partial water from seawater by using the capillary phenomenon of a water absorbing material to wet the water absorbing material on the upper surface of the evaporation area. The solar energy condensing device has the advantages that the problem of low condensing efficiency caused by arranging the condensing surface on the transparent ceiling directly irradiated by sunlight is solved; the temperature of the seawater in the evaporation area is increased, so that the evaporation efficiency is improved, and the solar energy resource is utilized to the maximum extent; the influence of the weight increase of the condensed water on the device is avoided; a stable salt concentration gradient is maintained.

Description

Solar floating type seawater desalination device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a seawater desalination device, in particular to a floating solar seawater desalination device.

Background

Water is a source of human life. The earth has abundant water resources, but most of them are seawater which can not be drunk, polluted lake water, river water, shallow underground water and deep underground water which is difficult to be exploited, and the like, and underground fresh water which exists in rivers and lakes and can be directly used by human is less than 0.36% of the total amount, and in conclusion, the shortage of drinking water resources becomes a global problem.

In order to solve the above problems, people try to obtain drinking water through different ways, and seawater desalination is a key research subject. The key point of seawater desalination is to obtain heat energy required by seawater distillation, and among various energy sources, solar energy becomes a part of heat energy sources of emerging seawater desalination technologies by virtue of the advantages of being renewable, low in acquisition cost, not limited by regions and the like.

In order to reduce the occupation of land resources and the construction cost, part of solar seawater desalination devices are arranged on the sea, for example, Chinese invention patent, publication No. CN203212342U, a solar seawater desalination device, discloses an automatic working solar seawater desalination device floating on the sea, the device automatically conveys seawater into the device through liquid level difference, sunlight penetrates through a transparent shed roof to heat and evaporate seawater near a solar heat collector, water vapor is condensed on the transparent shed roof to flow into a water accumulating tank, and finally the water vapor is conveyed into a water collector to finish the collection of fresh water. However, the above device condenses through the transparent ceiling, and the transparent ceiling has a certain temperature when being irradiated by sunlight, so that the condensation efficiency is limited, and the practicability is not enough.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the condensation efficiency is low due to the fact that condensation is carried out through the transparent ceiling, and provides the solar seawater desalination device which changes the condensation area and strengthens condensation.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: solar energy floats formula sea water desalination device, including transparent ceiling, evaporation zone, container, steam channel, water absorbing material, float the cystosepiment down, go up and float the cystosepiment, its characterized in that: the lower part of the transparent ceiling is communicated with a container which is a circular groove, condensed water is contained in the circular groove of the container (namely, the lower part of the inner side of the transparent ceiling is seamlessly connected with a cylinder at the outer side of the container, the container is longitudinally U-shaped, the container is a U-shaped rotator formed by rotating around the central axis of the ceiling, the U-shaped is a bus of the container), the area surrounded by the inner cylinder of the container is an evaporation area (evaporation is mainly carried out on the upper surface), the container is communicated with the evaporation area through a steam channel (the steam channel is intangible and indicates that the container is spatially communicated with the evaporation area, namely, the steam in the evaporation area can reach the container, namely, the top plane of the inner cylinder of the container is higher than the upper surface of the evaporation area, the top plane of the inner cylinder of the container is parallel to the upper surface of the evaporation area, and the distance between the top plane of the inner cylinder of the container and the upper surface of the evaporation area is 20-100 cm), the upper surface of the evaporation zone is low density seawater, which means that a part of water is absorbed from seawater by using the capillary phenomenon of a water absorbing material to wet the water absorbing material on the upper surface of the evaporation zone (similar to a wet towel taken out of a washbasin, the purpose of low density seawater is to increase the temperature of the evaporation zone).

In the solar floating seawater desalination device, the outer side and the bottom of the container are provided with the vacuumized heat insulation cavity (aiming at reducing heat loss).

The bottom of the container is communicated with a polyethylene plastic water storage bag through a hose, the polyethylene plastic water storage bag, the pipeline and the container are communicated water containers (the polyethylene plastic of the water storage bag only plays a role in isolating seawater and condensed fresh water, the condensed fresh water is increased by downwards settling the polyethylene plastic of the water storage bag, the gravity generated by the increased volume of the polyethylene plastic water storage bag is equal to buoyancy, and the media on two sides of the polyethylene plastic of the water storage bag are water, so that the whole device cannot sink due to the increase of condensed water).

In the solar floating seawater desalination device, the transparent ceiling is fixed above the container, or the transparent ceiling and the container are of an integrated structure.

The solar floating seawater desalination device comprises an evaporation area, a water absorption material and a water storage material, wherein the two layers of foam plates are arranged in parallel to the sea level and are respectively called as an upper floating foam plate and a lower floating foam plate, the lower surface of the upper floating foam plate and the upper surface of the lower floating foam plate and the outer wall of a cylinder at the inner side of a container form a middle space, the upper floating foam plate is provided with an embedding hole, the lower floating foam plate is provided with a water inlet hole (the embedding hole and the water inlet hole are the same in nature and are only named for convenience of expression), the water absorption material is radially arranged on the upper floating foam plate and is in a door shape, vertical lines at two sides of the door shape respectively penetrate through the embedding hole of the upper floating foam plate and the water inlet hole of the lower floating foam plate, a transverse line in the door shape is exposed on the upper surface of the evaporation area to receive sunlight, and the middle section of the vertical lines at two sides of the water absorption material in the door shape is positioned in the middle space, the lower ends of the vertical lines on the two sides of the door-shaped water absorbing material are contacted with seawater, and the water absorbing material firstly absorbs the seawater into the middle space and then further absorbs the seawater into the transverse line part of the door shape by utilizing the capillary phenomenon of the vertical lines on the two sides; the transverse line part of the water absorbing material in the shape of a Chinese character 'men' contains less water than the density of seawater, and is called low-density seawater. The upper surface of the evaporation area can be covered with a layer of fiber material, so that the density of the seawater is further reduced, and the seawater on the upper surface of the evaporation area is more uniformly distributed.

The solar floating seawater desalination device is further simplified: the container is eliminated, one end (upper end) of a metal pipe is opened on the inner side of the transparent ceiling and above the upper surface of the evaporation area, the metal pipe penetrates through the upper floating foam plate, the metal pipe is wound by a water-absorbing material between the upper surface of the upper floating foam plate and the lower surface of the lower floating foam plate, the other end (lower end) of the metal pipe penetrates through the lower floating foam plate and then is communicated with one end of the hose and the other end of the hose to be communicated with the polyethylene plastic water storage bag, and the polyethylene plastic water storage bag stores condensed water. In order to extend the length of the metal pipe, the metal pipe is added to transfer heat to the water absorbing material, and the metal pipe can be bent (L-shaped or U-shaped).

According to the solar floating type seawater desalination device, the lower floating foam plate floats on the sea level (no seawater exists in the middle space, the seawater density on the upper surface of the evaporation area is reduced, and higher temperature is achieved).

The solar seawater desalination device has the beneficial effects that the condensation area is transferred from the original transparent ceiling to the newly added container, so that the problem of low condensation efficiency caused by arranging the condensation surface on the transparent ceiling directly irradiated by sunlight is solved; meanwhile, the volatilized water vapor exchanges heat with the low-density seawater in the evaporation area in the container for liquefaction, and the heat released during the liquefaction of the water vapor is used for heating the seawater in the evaporation area, so that the temperature of the seawater in the evaporation area is increased, the evaporation efficiency is improved, and the solar energy resource is utilized to the maximum extent; meanwhile, the polyethylene plastic water storage bag sinks gradually along with the increase of the condensed water, and the buoyancy generated by the increased volume is equal to the weight of the water added in the water storage bag, so that the influence of the weight increase of the condensed water on the device is avoided; when the water storage bag is expanded by the condensed water, the pressure of the evaporation chamber is increased due to evaporation, and the water can overflow from a channel formed between the embedding hole and the water inlet hole. The evaporation zone surface has an increased salinity due to evaporation, which is then diffused down to the seawater by the water-absorbing material, thereby maintaining a steady concentration gradient.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a layout of the water absorbing material of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a transparent ceiling, 2, an evaporation area, 3, a container, 4, a steam channel, 5, a hose, 6, a water absorbing material, 7, a lower floating foam plate, 8, an upper floating foam plate, 9, a water inlet hole, 10, an embedded hole, 11, a heat insulation cavity and 12, a middle space are arranged.

Detailed Description

The solar floating type seawater desalination device comprises a transparent ceiling 1, an evaporation area 2, a container 3, a steam channel 4, a hose 5, a water absorbing material 6, a lower floating foam plate 7, an upper floating foam plate 8, the container 3 is communicated with the lower portion of the transparent ceiling 1, the container 3 is a circular groove (the transparent ceiling 1 and the container 3 are both rotating bodies), condensed water is contained in the circular groove of the container 3, an area surrounded by a cylinder in the container 3 is the evaporation area 2, the container 3 is communicated with the evaporation area 2 through the steam channel 4, the hose 5 is connected with the lower portion of the container 3, the upper surface of the evaporation area 2 is low-density seawater, and the low-density seawater is used for absorbing partial water from the seawater by utilizing a fiber capillary phenomenon to wet fibers.

The working principle of the invention is that the seawater is changed into low-density seawater through the water absorbing material 6 and absorbed to the transverse line part of the water absorbing material 6 in a shape like a Chinese character 'men', the sunlight irradiates the low-density seawater through the transparent ceiling 1, the temperature of the low-density seawater rises and volatilizes, the volatilized water enters the container 3 through the steam channel 4 (the volatilized water is diffused in a gas or small liquid drop mode) to be condensed, most of the heat of the water vapor is transferred to the low-density seawater in the evaporation area 2 due to the heat insulation cavities 11 at the outer side and the bottom of the container 3, and the water is condensed and stays in the circular groove of the container 3. The low-density seawater continuously absorbs water from the seawater by utilizing the capillary phenomenon of the fibers, the low-density seawater at the upper end is maintained to reach a stable density, and the high concentration of the salt of the low-density seawater diffuses downwards to the seawater to reach a dynamic balance. The condensed water in the container 3 flows into the polyethylene plastic bag through the hose 5, and after the plastic bag (water storage bag) contains water, the temperature difference and the density difference of the water inside and outside the water storage bag are small, so that the gravity of the water amount increased inside and the buoyancy borne by the outside can be considered to be equal, and the influence of the condensed water on the suspension state of the device can be reduced.

Further simplify, cancel container 3, after adding the tubular metal resonator, steam gets into the tubular metal resonator, and the tubular metal resonator is to the absorbent material 6 transmission heat of winding outside, because the hot water density is little possesses the trend of upwards moving, simultaneously, because the evaporation of evaporation zone top moisture possesses the suction effect, is favorable to the reuse of energy. The lower buoyant foam panel 7 provides buoyancy to the device as a whole and acts as a barrier to maintain the difference in seawater concentration between the evaporation zone 2 and the external environment.

The part between the upper surface of the lower floating foam plate 7 and the lower surface of the upper floating foam plate 8 is called as a middle space 12, and the metal pipe can be bent in the middle space, so that the length of the metal pipe pipeline can be increased, the heat exchange between the metal pipe pipeline and a water absorbing material can be prolonged, and the utilization efficiency of solar energy can be further improved. The holes of the lower floating foam plate 7 are called water inlet holes 9, the holes of the upper floating foam plate 8 are called embedding holes 10, the water inlet holes 9 and the embedding holes 10 are used for water absorbing materials 6 to pass through to form door-shaped water absorbing materials 6, and the water absorbing materials 6 can be bent in the middle space 12 to be attached to the outer side of the metal pipe.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Solar energy floats formula sea water desalination device, including transparent ceiling (1), evaporative area (2), container (3), absorbent material (6), its characterized in that: the lower part of the transparent ceiling (1) is communicated with a container (3), the container (3) is a circular groove, condensed water is contained in the circular groove of the container (3), an area surrounded by a cylinder in the container (3) is an evaporation area (2), the container (3) is communicated with the evaporation area (2), the top plane of the inner side cylinder of the container (3) is higher than the upper surface of the evaporation area (2), the upper surface of the evaporation area (2) is low-density seawater, and the low-density seawater is that a part of water is absorbed from the seawater by using the capillary phenomenon of a water absorbing material (6) to wet the water absorbing material (6) on the upper surface of the evaporation area (2).

2. The solar floating seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein: the outer side and the bottom of the container (3) are provided with a vacuum heat insulation cavity (11).

3. The solar floating seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the container (3) is communicated with a polyethylene plastic water storage bag through a hose (5), and the polyethylene plastic water storage bag, the hose (5) and the container (3) are communicated water containers.

4. The solar floating seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein: the transparent ceiling (1) is fixed above the container (3), or the transparent ceiling (1) and the container (3) are of an integrated structure.

5. The solar floating seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein: the evaporation area (2) is composed of two layers of foam plates and a water absorbing material (6), the two layers of foam plates are arranged in parallel to the sea level and are respectively called an upper floating foam plate (8) and a lower floating foam plate (7), the upper floating foam plate (8), the lower floating foam plate (7) and the container (3) enclose a middle space (12), the upper floating foam plate (8) is provided with an embedding hole (10), the lower floating foam plate is provided with a water inlet hole (9), the water absorbing material (6) is radially arranged on the upper floating foam plate (8), the water absorbing material (6) is in a door shape, vertical lines on two sides of the door shape penetrate through the embedding hole (10) of the upper floating foam plate (8) and the water inlet hole (9) of the lower floating foam plate (7), a transverse line of the door shape is exposed on the upper surface of the evaporation area (2) to receive sunlight, lower ends of the vertical lines on two sides of the water absorbing material (6) in the door shape are contacted with seawater, and the water absorbing material (6) firstly absorbs the seawater into the middle space (12) by utilizing the capillary phenomenon of the vertical lines on the two sides Further absorb to the horizontal line part of the door shape; the transverse line part of the door-shaped water absorbing material (6) contains water with density lower than that of seawater, and is called low-density seawater.

6. The solar floating seawater desalination plant of claim 5, wherein: the container (3) is eliminated, an opening is formed in the transparent ceiling (1) at the upper end of a metal pipe, the metal pipe penetrates through the upper floating foam plate (8), the metal pipe is wound between the upper floating foam plate (8) and the lower floating foam plate (7) by the water absorbing material (6), the lower end of the metal pipe penetrates through the lower floating foam plate (7) and then is communicated with one end of the hose (5) and the other end of the hose (5) to be communicated with the polyethylene plastic water storage bag, and the polyethylene plastic water storage bag stores condensed water.

7. The solar floating seawater desalination plant of claim 5, wherein: the lower floating foam plate (7) floats on the sea level, namely the upper surface of the lower floating foam plate (7) is higher than the sea level.