CN213662419U

CN213662419U - High-efficient seeder of miniature original seed of potato

Info

Publication number: CN213662419U
Application number: CN202022418826.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱彩霞; 钱成明; 陈建林; 陈吉昆; 余丽燕
Original assignee: Qujing Agricultural Technology Center
Current assignee: Qujing Agricultural Technology Center
Priority date: 2020-10-27
Filing date: 2020-10-27
Publication date: 2021-07-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-27

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency seeding device for miniature potato breeder seeds, which comprises a carrying frame, wheels and a pushing handle, wherein the carrying frame is provided with a seeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a ditching mechanism and an earthing mechanism; the fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer adding port, a screen is arranged in the fertilizer box, a plurality of distributing cones are arranged below the screen, and a fertilizer applying pipe is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box; the ditching assembly comprises a second fixing plate and a ditching rotary cutter, the bottom of the second fixing plate is rotatably connected with a supporting rod, and the ditching rotary cutter is rotatably arranged at the end part of the supporting rod; the earthing mechanism includes backup pad, first cylinder and earthing plate. The device integrates ditching, fertilizing, seeding and soil covering processes, and has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient and reliable use and strong applicability.

Description

High-efficient seeder of miniature original seed of potato

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine, concretely relates to high-efficient seeder of miniature original seed of potato.

Background

The miniature potato stock is a small virus-free seed potato bred in an aphid-proof greenhouse or a net shed by using virus-free seedlings or test-tube potatoes, conventional viruses are removed by virus removal of the potato, the characteristics of the original variety are recovered, and the aim of rejuvenation is fulfilled; meanwhile, the infected fungi and bacterial pathogens are removed together in the detoxification process. The detoxified miniature potato has no virus, bacteria and fungus diseases, and its vitality is very vigorous. In recent years, with the popularization of potatoes in the field of eating, potato food is popular with people, the increase of the demand of the potatoes effectively stimulates the development of the potato planting industry, and meanwhile, the potatoes are also the fourth most important grain crops in the world, are second to wheat, rice and corn, have high nutritional value, can be used as dishes, have high medicinal value and are widely eaten by people. At present, with the continuous expansion of potato planting scale, potato seeders are mostly adopted for potato planting, most of the existing potato seeders are conveyor-type seeders, although the conveyor-type seeders can realize multi-row seeding at one time, and the seeding efficiency is much higher than that of manual seeding, the existing potato seeders have the following defects in the use process, firstly, the seeds in a seeding box are easy to have the conditions of uneven seeding and blockage in the seeding condition; secondly, under the influence of local plots and soil conditions, the conditions of uneven planting ditch depth and low land utilization rate exist, the method is only suitable for land use in plain areas, and the adaptability of the method to mountainous and hilly lands is poor. Therefore, the development of the efficient seeding device for the miniature potato breeder seeds, which has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient and reliable use, strong applicability, capability of improving the seeding uniformity and integrating ditching, seeding, fertilizing and earthing, is objectively needed.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a rational in infrastructure, convenient to use is reliable, the suitability is strong, can improve the seeding homogeneity, can collect the high-efficient seeder of the miniature original race of potato in an organic whole again with ditching, seeding, fertilization and earthing.

The utility model aims at realizing the purpose, including the fortune carrier, wheel and pushing hands, be provided with seeding mechanism on the carrier, fertilizing mechanism, ditching mechanism and earthing mechanism, the wheel is installed in the below of fortune carrier, the pushing hands is installed in one side at carrier top, seeding mechanism includes seed storage box and the raw seeds that sets up at seed storage box top add the mouth, the inside of seed storage box is provided with the seed metering subassembly, the bottom slope of seed storage box is provided with the pipe of cloth kind, the lower one end of the pipe of cloth kind is vertical to be provided with the seeding pipe, the seeding pipe is installed on the fortune carrier, the lower extreme of seeding pipe installs the seeding dish, the central pivot is installed to the central department coaxial of seeding dish, install the driver after one end of central pivot stretches out the seeding dish, the circumference equipartition is provided with polylith branch flitch on the central pivot that lies in the seeding dish, the bottom of seeding dish; the fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer adding port arranged at the top of the fertilizer box, a screen is arranged at the upper part in the fertilizer box, a plurality of distributing cones are installed in the fertilizer box below the screen in a staggered manner, a fertilizer applying pipe extending into the lower part of the carrying frame is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a valve is installed on the fertilizer applying pipe; the ditching mechanism comprises a second fixing plate and a ditching rotary cutter, the second fixing plate is mounted on the fertilizer box, the bottom of the second fixing plate is rotatably connected with a supporting rod, the ditching rotary cutter is rotatably mounted at the end part of the supporting rod, a third air cylinder is mounted on the carrying frame close to one side of the ditching rotary cutter, and a piston rod of the third air cylinder is rotatably connected with the supporting rod; the soil covering mechanism comprises a supporting plate, a first air cylinder and soil covering plates, the supporting plate is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower portion of the conveying frame, a cylinder seat of the first air cylinder is arranged on the supporting plate, a connecting plate is arranged at the end portion of a piston rod of the first air cylinder, the soil covering plates are movably arranged below the connecting plate, a second air cylinder is arranged on the conveying frame above the two soil covering plates in a penetrating mode, a cylinder seat of the second air cylinder is arranged on a first fixing plate, the first fixing plate is arranged on the seed storage box, and a soil pressing plate is fixedly arranged on a piston rod of the second air.

Further, the seed metering subassembly includes the buffer board, conveyer belt and driving motor, the middle part in storing up the seed case is installed in the buffer board slope, upper portion in storing up the seed case is provided with first drive wheel, lower part in storing up the seed case is provided with the second drive wheel, staggered arrangement about first drive wheel and the second drive wheel, the conveyer belt is installed between first drive wheel and second drive wheel, be provided with the unloading passageway between the lower one end of conveyer belt and buffer board, the equidistant polylith of being provided with dials the material piece on the conveyer belt, driving motor installs the top at storing up the seed case, install the action wheel on driving motor's the output shaft, install in the pivot of first drive wheel from the driving wheel, the action wheel with from connecting through drive belt transmission between.

Preferably, the upper surface and the end part of the buffer plate and the inner wall of the seed distribution conduit are provided with elastic layers.

Furthermore, a piston rod of a second air cylinder between the carrying frame and the first fixing plate is provided with a buffer spring.

Furthermore, a plurality of locating holes are installed on the connecting plate at equal intervals, mounting holes are installed on the earthing plate, and the mounting holes and the locating holes are fixed through connecting bolts and nuts.

Furthermore, the bottom of the soil covering plate is of an arc-shaped structure.

Furthermore, a power traction frame is arranged on the carrying frame at one end far away from the pushing handle.

Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that: firstly, the arranged ditching mechanism can realize the automatic ditching function along with the movement of the carrying frame, and the ditching depth can be adjusted by controlling the extension or the shortening of the piston rod of the third cylinder; secondly, the fertilizer spreading mechanism can uniformly and quantitatively spread the fertilizer in the planting ditch after screening the fertilizer and uniformly dispersing and loosening the fertilizer by each material distributing cone, so as to ensure the uniformity and smoothness of fertilizer spreading; thirdly, the seed discharging assembly arranged in the seeding mechanism can orderly discharge the original seeds in the seed storage box, so that the original seeds can smoothly enter the seeding pipe through the seed distributing guide pipe, at the moment, the driver drives the central rotating shaft to rotate, the central rotating shaft can separate the original seeds of the seeding pipe one by one between two corresponding adjacent seed distributing plates in the rotating process, and the original seeds are sowed in the planting ditch through the original seed outlet, the seeding mechanism can effectively reduce the falling speed of the seeds, can realize uniform sowing, and thoroughly solves the problems of original seed blockage and uneven sowing; fourthly, the earthing mechanism that sets up can realize the earthing in promoting the ditch with the soil of planting the ditch both sides to drive soil pressing plate downstream through the third cylinder, realize the effect of earthing compaction, improve work efficiency. In conclusion, the device integrates ditching, fertilizing, seeding and soil covering processes, has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenience and reliability in use and strong applicability, is suitable for plain areas, also uses plateaus and hilly lands, can generate better social benefits, and is easy to popularize and use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the soil covering mechanism 3;

in the figure, 1-wheel, 2-carrier, 3-earthing mechanism, 31-first cylinder, 32-support plate, 33-buffer spring, 34-second cylinder, 35-first fixing plate, 36-soil-pressing plate, 37-connecting plate, 38-soil-covering plate, 4-pushing hand, 5-seeding mechanism, 51-raw seed adding port, 52-driving motor, 53-driving belt, 54-first driving wheel, 55-driven wheel, 56-material-drawing piece, 57-buffer plate, 58-elastic layer, 59-conveying belt, 510-seed-distributing pipe, 511-second driving wheel, 512-seeding pipe, 513-seeding disk, 514-material-distributing plate, 515-raw seed outlet, 516-central rotating shaft, 517-driving wheel, 6-a fertilizing mechanism, 61-a fertilizer adding port, 62-a screen, 63-a distributing cone, 64-a valve, 65-a fertilizing pipe, 7-a ditching mechanism, 71-a second fixing plate, 72-a supporting rod, 73-a third cylinder and 74-a ditching rotary cutter.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited in any way, and any changes or improvements based on the teaching of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in figures 1-2, the utility model comprises a carrying frame 2, a wheel 1 and a pushing handle 4, wherein the carrying frame 2 is provided with a seeding mechanism 5, a fertilizing mechanism 6, a ditching mechanism 7 and a soil covering mechanism 3,

wheel 1 is installed in the below of fortune carrier 2, pushing hands 4 are installed in the one side at fortune carrier 2 top, and wheel 1, fortune carrier 2 and pushing hands 4 are the structure of current seeder.

The seeding mechanism 5 comprises a seed storage box and a stock seed adding port 51 arranged at the top of the seed storage box, the raw material adding port 51 is used for adding potato stock seeds into the seed storage box, a seed discharging component is arranged in the seed storage box, the seed discharging component can orderly discharge the stock seeds in the seed storage box, the stock seeds can smoothly enter a seeding pipe 512 through a seed distributing conduit 510, the bottom of the seed storage box is obliquely provided with the seed distributing conduit 510, the lower end of the seed distributing conduit 510 is vertically provided with the seeding pipe 512, the seeding pipe 512 is arranged on a carrier 2, the lower end of the seeding pipe 512 is provided with a seeding disc 513, the center of the seeding disc 513 is coaxially provided with a central rotating shaft 516, one end of the central rotating shaft 516 extends out of the seeding disc 513 and is provided with a driver which is of the existing structure, can be a motor, an electric motor and the like, as long as the central rotating shaft 516 can be driven to rotate, a plurality of material distributing plates 514 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of a central rotating shaft 516 positioned in the sowing disc 513, and the bottom of the sowing disc 513 is provided with a raw seed outlet 515;

the fertilizer applying mechanism 6 comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer adding port 61 arranged at the top of the fertilizer box, the fertilizer adding port 61 is used for adding fertilizer into the fertilizer box, a screen 62 is arranged at the upper part in the fertilizer box, the screen 62 can screen the fertilizer, a plurality of distributing cones 63 are installed in the fertilizer box below the screen 62 in a staggered manner, the cross section of each distributing cone 63 is triangular, the screened fertilizer can be dispersed and loosened by utilizing the distributing cones 3, the accumulation and blockage of the fertilizer in the fertilizer box are avoided, a fertilizer applying pipe 65 extending into the lower part of the carrying frame 2 is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box, a valve 64 is installed on the fertilizer applying pipe 65, and the valve 64 is in the prior art as long as the control of the fertilizer discharging amount can be realized;

the ditching mechanism 7 comprises a second fixing plate 71 and a ditching rotary cutter 74, the second fixing plate 71 is mounted on the fertilizer box, the bottom of the second fixing plate 71 is rotatably connected with a supporting rod 72, the ditching rotary cutter 74 is rotatably mounted at the end of the supporting rod 72, a third air cylinder 73 is mounted on the carrying frame 2 close to one side of the ditching rotary cutter 74, the third air cylinder 73 is in the prior art, a piston rod of the third air cylinder 73 is rotatably connected with the supporting rod 72, and in the advancing process of the carrying frame 2, the ditching rotary cutter 74 rotates along with the rotation, so that a ditching function can be realized on the planting field;

the soil covering mechanism 3 comprises a supporting plate 32, a first cylinder 31 and soil covering plates 38, the supporting plate 32 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower portion of the conveying frame 2, a cylinder seat of the first cylinder 31 is arranged on the supporting plate 32, a connecting plate 37 is arranged at the end of a piston rod of the first cylinder 31, the soil covering plates 38 are movably arranged below the connecting plate 37, a second cylinder 34 is arranged on the conveying frame 2 above the two soil covering plates 38 in a penetrating mode, a cylinder seat of the second cylinder 34 is arranged on a first fixing plate 35, the first fixing plate 35 is arranged on a seed storage box, a soil pressing plate 36 is fixedly arranged on a piston rod of the second cylinder 34, the second cylinder 34 and the first cylinder 31 are in the prior art, the first cylinder 31 drives the connecting plate 37 to move left and right during soil covering, the distance between the two soil covering plates 38 is adjustable, the second cylinder 34 drives the soil pressing plate 36 to move up and down, when the carrier 2 advances at the traction mechanism, the two soil covering plates 38 can push the soil on the two sides of the planting ditch into the planting ditch, soil covering work is continuously carried out on the planting ditch, the soil covering plates 38 push the soil, the soil pressing plates 36 are matched with the soil covering plates 38 to advance together, and the soil pressing plates 36 can compact and flatten the soil filled in the planting ditch.

The working process of the device is as follows: before sowing, potato seeds are added into the seed storage box through the seed adding port 51, fertilizer is added into the fertilizer box through the fertilizer adding port 61, then the pushing handle 4 is utilized to push the carrying frame 2 to advance, the ditching rotary cutter 74 can realize the automatic ditching function along with the movement of the carrying frame 2 in the advancing process of the carrying frame 2, the ditching depth can be adjusted by controlling the extension or shortening of the piston rod of the third air cylinder 73, after ditching, the valve 64 is opened, the fertilizer can be uniformly scattered in the planting ditch through the fertilizing pipe 65 after uniform dispersion and loosening of each distributing cone 62, then the seeds in the seed storage box can be orderly discharged through the seed distributing assembly in the sowing mechanism, the seeds can smoothly enter the sowing pipe 512 through the seed distributing pipe 510, at the moment, the driver drives the central rotating shaft 516 to rotate, the central rotating shaft 516 rotates in the rotating process, can let separation of one of the original seed of planting kind 512 between the two adjacent branch flitch 514 that correspond, rethread original seed export 515 sows in planting the ditch, after the seeding, two earthing plates 38 that remove can promote the soil of planting the ditch both sides to realize the earthing in the ditch, and drive soil pressing plate 36 through second cylinder 34 and move down, realize the effect of earthing compaction, this device will ditching, fertilize, seeding and earthing technology collection in an organic whole, have rational in infrastructure, high durability and convenient use, advantages that the suitability is strong.

Further, the seed discharging assembly comprises a buffer plate 57, a conveying belt 59 and a driving motor 52, the driving motor 52 is the prior art, finished products are directly bought on the market, the buffer plate 57 is obliquely installed in the middle of the inside of the seed storage box, a first driving wheel 54 is arranged on the upper portion of the inside of the seed storage box, a second driving wheel 511 is arranged on the lower portion of the inside of the seed storage box, the first driving wheel 54 and the second driving wheel 511 are arranged in a vertically staggered mode, the conveying belt 59 is installed between the first driving wheel 54 and the second driving wheel 511, a discharging channel is arranged between the conveying belt 59 and the lower end of the buffer plate 57, a plurality of material stirring sheets 56 are equidistantly arranged on the conveying belt 59, the end portions of the material stirring sheets 56 are arranged in a bent hook shape, the material stirring sheets 56 are made of rubber materials, the driving motor 52 is installed on the top of the seed, install in the pivot of first drive wheel 54 and follow driving wheel 55, action wheel 517 and follow and connect through the transmission of drive belt 53 between the driving wheel 55, during the seeding, driving motor 52 drives action wheel 517 and rotates, action wheel 517 drives through drive belt 53 and rotates from driving wheel 55, and then drives the action of conveyer belt 59 through following driving wheel 55, conveyer belt 59 is at the in-process of motion, dial material piece 56 can dredge the stir-fry to the potato original seed in the unloading passageway, control potato original seed from the orderly back of discharging in the unloading passageway, orderly entering into in the pipe 510 of cloth again, avoid appearing potato original seed and block up in the seed storage box, the accumulational condition. Preferably, all be provided with elastic layer 58 on the upper surface and the tip of buffer board 57 and the inner wall of cloth kind pipe 510, elastic layer 58 chooses the rubber material preparation for use, and the elastic layer 58 that sets up can protect the epidermis of potato breeder's seed, avoids breeder's seed epidermis to damage and causes the damage of potato breeder's seed, appears rotting after the seeding, does not sprout the phenomenon.

Further, a buffer spring 33 is mounted on a piston rod of the second air cylinder 34 between the carrying frame 2 and the first fixing plate 35, and the buffer spring 33 has a certain pressure buffering effect and a certain protection effect on the second air cylinder 34.

Further, a plurality of locating holes are installed at equal intervals on the connecting plate 37, mounting holes are installed on the earthing plate 38, the mounting holes and the locating holes are fixed through connecting bolts and nuts, and the earthing plate 38 and the connecting plate 37 are connected through bolts.

Furthermore, the bottom of the soil covering plate 38 is of an arc structure, so that soil can be pushed into the ditch more conveniently by the arc structure, and the friction force between the soil covering plate and the ground is reduced.

Furthermore, when the carrying frame 2 bears a large weight, the carrying frame 2 far away from one end of the pushing handle 4 is provided with a power traction frame, and the power mechanism is connected with the traction frame and then used for drawing the carrying frame 2 to run, so that the device has the advantages of labor saving and time saving.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient seeder of miniature original seed of potato, includes fortune carrier (2), wheel (1) and pushing hands (4), its characterized in that: the carrier (2) is provided with a seeding mechanism (5), a fertilizing mechanism (6), a ditching mechanism (7) and a soil covering mechanism (3),

the wheels (1) are arranged below the carrying frame (2), the push handle (4) is arranged on one side of the top of the carrying frame (2),

the seeding mechanism (5) comprises a seed storage box and a seed adding port (51) arranged at the top of the seed storage box, a seed discharging assembly is arranged in the seed storage box, a seed distributing guide pipe (510) is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box, a seeding pipe (512) is vertically arranged at the lower end of the seed distributing guide pipe (510), the seeding pipe (512) is installed on the carrier (2), a seeding disc (513) is installed at the lower end of the seeding pipe (512), a central rotating shaft (516) is coaxially installed at the center of the seeding disc (513), a driver is installed after one end of the central rotating shaft (516) extends out of the seeding disc (513), a plurality of seed distributing plates (514) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the central rotating shaft (516) positioned in the seeding disc (513), and a seed outlet (515) is arranged at the bottom of the seeding disc (513);

the fertilizer applying mechanism (6) comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer adding port (61) arranged at the top of the fertilizer box, a screen (62) is arranged at the upper part in the fertilizer box, a plurality of distributing cones (63) are installed in the fertilizer box below the screen (62) in a staggered manner, a fertilizer applying pipe (65) extending into the lower part of the carrying frame (2) is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a valve (64) is installed on the fertilizer applying pipe (65);

the ditching mechanism (7) comprises a second fixing plate (71) and a ditching rotary cutter (74), the second fixing plate (71) is mounted on the fertilizer box, the bottom of the second fixing plate (71) is rotatably connected with a supporting rod (72), the ditching rotary cutter (74) is rotatably mounted at the end part of the supporting rod (72), a third air cylinder (73) is mounted on the carrying frame (2) close to one side of the ditching rotary cutter (74), and a piston rod of the third air cylinder (73) is rotatably connected with the supporting rod (72);

earthing mechanism (3) are including backup pad (32), first cylinder (31) and earthing plate (38), the both sides in fortune carrier (2) lower part are installed to backup pad (32) symmetry, the jar seat of first cylinder (31) is installed in backup pad (32), connecting plate (37) are installed to the piston rod end portion of first cylinder (31), earthing plate (38) movable mounting is in the below of connecting plate (37), runs through on fortune carrier (2) of two earthing plate (38) tops and installs second cylinder (34), the jar seat of second cylinder (34) is installed on first fixed plate (35), first fixed plate (35) are installed on the seed storage case, fixed mounting has pressure native board (36) on the piston rod of second cylinder (34).

2. The efficient seeding device for potato micro breeder seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seed metering assembly comprises a buffer plate (57), a conveying belt (59) and a driving motor (52), the buffer plate (57) is obliquely arranged in the middle of the seed storage box, a first driving wheel (54) is arranged on the upper portion of the interior of the seed storage box, a second driving wheel (511) is arranged on the lower portion of the interior of the seed storage box, the first driving wheel (54) and the second driving wheel (511) are arranged in a vertically staggered mode, the conveying belt (59) is arranged between the first driving wheel (54) and the second driving wheel (511), a blanking channel is arranged between the conveying belt (59) and the lower end of the buffer plate (57), a plurality of material stirring sheets (56) are arranged on the conveying belt (59) at equal intervals, the driving motor (52) is arranged at the top of the seed storage box, a driving wheel (517) is arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor (52), and a driven wheel (55) is, the driving wheel (517) and the driven wheel (55) are in transmission connection through a transmission belt (53).

3. The efficient seeding device for potato micro breeder seeds as claimed in claim 2, wherein: elastic layers (58) are arranged on the upper surface and the end part of the buffer plate (57) and the inner wall of the seed distribution guide pipe (510).

4. The efficient seeding device for potato micro breeder seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a buffer spring (33) is arranged on a piston rod of a second air cylinder (34) between the carrying frame (2) and the first fixing plate (35).

5. The efficient seeding device for potato micro breeder seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of positioning holes are arranged on the connecting plate (37) at equal intervals, mounting holes are arranged on the earthing plate (38), and the mounting holes and the positioning holes are fixed through connecting bolts and nuts.

6. The efficient seeding device for potato micro breeder seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the soil covering plate (38) is of an arc-shaped structure.

7. The efficient seeding device for potato micro breeder seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a power traction frame is arranged on the carrying frame (2) far away from one end of the pushing handle (4).