CN2132086Y - 新型油/气混烧燃烧器 - Google Patents
新型油/气混烧燃烧器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2132086Y CN2132086Y CN 92230016 CN92230016U CN2132086Y CN 2132086 Y CN2132086 Y CN 2132086Y CN 92230016 CN92230016 CN 92230016 CN 92230016 U CN92230016 U CN 92230016U CN 2132086 Y CN2132086 Y CN 2132086Y
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- gas
- nozzle
- burner
- chewed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 210000003800 Pharynx Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Abstract
本实用新型为一种油/气混烧燃烧器，特别适用
于高粘度液体燃料的油/气燃烧器。燃烧器采用组
合式油/气喷嘴和平流配风器，其中油喷嘴采用外混
式双旋流气动雾化喷嘴，气喷嘴套在油喷嘴外环上，
气孔沿外环面多排布置，平流配风器的平流风道喉部
直径较大且平直可加长，使燃烧器调节比例宽，雾化
性能好，燃烧效率高，炉内不结焦，喷嘴不积炭。
Description
本实用新型属于油／气混烧燃烧器，特别是适用于高粘度液体燃料的油／气燃烧器。
目前，石化系统内的电站，工业锅炉，炼油厂加热炉上广泛采用油／气混烧燃烧器。传统的油／气混烧燃烧器中间是油枪，气枪是围绕中心油枪沿圆周均布。它不仅结构复杂，造价高，工作范围窄，且往往由于稳焰器和油枪易烧坏，维修困难。从而不能在一个燃烧器上实现理想的油／气比例调节。所以有些工厂虽然引进或从国内锅炉厂购进具有油／气混烧燃烧器的锅炉，但实际运行中在一个炉子的多台燃烧器上，只能形成某几个燃烧器完全烧油，另几个燃烧器完全烧气的单独燃烧，独立运行的局面。以此种措施来实现全炉的油／气混烧。其缺点是：全炉油／气比例调节范围不宽广，为了保证良好燃烧，炉前参数调节复杂，在低负荷时，参数调节更为复杂，且往往存在炉内热量不均匀，对炉子安全运行及寿命不利。
本实用新型的目的是：打破传统的气体多枪式布置，采用一种结构简单的油／气组合式油喷咀中心布置的油／气混烧燃烧器，它不仅结构简单，造价低，在每台燃烧上实现较宽范围的油／气调节比例，且运行安全可靠，维修方便，不会烧坏稳焰器和油枪，燃烧效率高，污染气体排放少，符合国家环保标准。炉内无结焦，喷咀不积炭。
对本实用新型附图说明如下：图1是本实用新型的结构示意图图2是构成控制部件的比较放大器电子原理图图3是电热控温管构造图图中（1）控制部件（2）电热及测温部件（3）电热体导线（4）温度传感器导线（5）硬质玻璃管体（6）温度传感器（7）电热体图1中的控制部件就是由图2所示的比较放大器构成，它是一个由运算放大器F007组成的恒温电路，采用电容降压，并由一个双向可控硅控制负载，这一部分元件可置于一个小型塑料合中，设有发光二极管指示工作状态。图3中的电热控温管内，温度传感器（6）与电热体（7）相互隔离绝缘安置，确保温度传感器接受的温度为被加热液体的实际温度（误差∠±0.5℃）。管内用填充物（如石膏粉、水泥或环氧树脂）塞实固定。温度传感器（6）和电热体（7）引出线分别按图导2中的
和“负载”两端。
实际应用时，将电热控温管置于盛有液体的显影盘内一侧（用夹具或胶纸稍加固定）然后将插头接220V电源就进入自动工作状态。随着照片显影操作，液体处于搅动状态促使热量的均匀扩散，从而确保显影效果。
整个油／气喷咀的结构如图2所示，由油喷咀和气喷咀组合而成。气喷咀（6）套在油喷咀（5）的外环上。油喷咀（5）和气喷咀（6）均可单独拆装。油喷咀旋流片（8）的内外均有雾化通道（9）和（7）。从内外雾化通道（9）、（7）进入的是压缩空气或蒸汽雾化气。在喷咀出口依靠这两股高速旋转的雾化气与燃料所产生的大速差对油膜起强烈的破碎作用，因而产生良好的雾化效果。经测试，在1000kg／h油量以下的冷态雾化试验，油滴的索太尔平均直径均小于80微米，而且它不仅雾化性能好，且有良好的调节性能，实际运行调节比达4：1。
油／气喷咀相对于稳焰器（2）的位置可调。稳焰器（2）相对于燃烧器
口（19）可调。调节找到最佳的相对位置，使合适的回流区内有一个适当的燃料／空气比，以保证火焰稳定和高的燃烧效率。图3是油喷咀（5）的结构图，从图中可以看出，从油喷咀（3）的中心油管（10）进入的油经旋流片（8）进入环缝（12），从环缝喷口（20）流出。雾化气体从通道（11）经通道（13）横穿进入内雾化通道（9）和外雾化通道（7），气流分两股，内气流从内雾化通道（9）流出，外气流从外雾化通道（7）流出，形成内外两股旋气流，油流夹在二股气流之间，造成优于其他喷咀的雾化效果。
图4和图5是气喷咀环面气孔的形状排列及环面夹角结构示意图。从图4可以看出，在气喷咀（6）的外环面（17）、（18）上分布有二排气孔（15）、（16），气孔（15）为φ6－φ9的圆孔，共24个孔，气孔（16）为腰园孔，孔两端为R＝2.5－3mm的半园，共12个，小孔的总面积一定要满足在最大允许气压条件下提供最大供气量要求，即满足单台燃烧器100％烧气时最大供热量的要求。从图5可以看出，圆气孔（15）所在平面（17）的倾角为114°，腰圆孔（16）所在平面（18）的倾角为100°。这些角度均为造成一个适当的射流穿透深度，并能使气体卷吸入回流区内，使在回流区中造成一个合适的燃料／空气比，以保证形成一个稳定的着火源，确保火焰稳定。
Claims (3)
1.一种新型油/气混烧燃烧器，由油/气喷咀，稳焰器和平流风道组成，其特征在于：油/气喷咀(1)采用组合式，油喷咀(5)中心布置，气喷咀套(6)在油喷咀(5)的外环上；油/气喷咀(1)和稳焰器(2)相对位置可调，稳焰器(2)相对燃烧器石旋口(19)位置可调；平流风道(3)的喉部(4)直径为
(19)直径D的80%-85%，而且喉部(4)平直可加长，平流风道的长度可达1.2-1.5D。
2.根据权利要求1所述的油／气混烧燃烧器，其特征在于它的油喷咀由中心油管（10）和环绕在中心油管（10）的雾化气体通道（11）构成；中心油管（10）和旋流片（8）相通，旋流片（8）连向环缝（12），环缝（12）前端为喷口（20）；雾化通道（11）经通道（13）分成内外雾化通道（9）和（7）。
3.根据权利要求1、2所述的油／气混烧燃烧器，其特征在于：环绕油喷咀（5）的气喷咀（6）其外环面（17）、（18）上分布有二排气孔（15）、（16）；气孔（15）为φ6－φ9的圆孔24个，气孔（16）为腰园孔，两端为R＝2.5-3mm的半园；气孔（15）、（16）所在平面（17）、（18）的倾角分别为114°和100°。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92230016 CN2132086Y (zh) | 1992-08-11 | 1992-08-11 | 新型油/气混烧燃烧器 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 92230016 CN2132086Y (zh) | 1992-08-11 | 1992-08-11 | 新型油/气混烧燃烧器 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102454999A (zh) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | 油枪配风器和油枪点火设备 |
| CN108318667A (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-24 | 河南郑大嘉源环保技术有限公司 | 喷雾式柴油结焦试验模拟装置及柴油清净性检测方法 |
-
1992
- 1992-08-11 CN CN 92230016 patent/CN2132086Y/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102454999A (zh) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | 油枪配风器和油枪点火设备 |
| CN108318667A (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-24 | 河南郑大嘉源环保技术有限公司 | 喷雾式柴油结焦试验模拟装置及柴油清净性检测方法 |
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