CN212618331U

CN212618331U - High-efficiency refuse incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler

Info

Publication number: CN212618331U
Application number: CN202020938246.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张瑾; 吴觉雄; 王育波
Original assignee: Longjing Energy Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Longjing Energy Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-28
Filing date: 2020-05-28
Publication date: 2021-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-28

Abstract

The efficient waste incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a hearth and a superheater, wherein a secondary air inlet, a waste inlet and a primary air inlet are sequentially arranged at the lower left of the hearth at intervals, and a slag outlet is formed at the lower end of the hearth; the right side surface of the upper end of the hearth is connected with a cyclone separator through a first flue, the lower end of the cyclone separator is connected with a blanking pipe, the lower end of the blanking pipe is connected with a material return valve, the right side of the material return valve is connected with a material discharge pipe, and the material return valve is connected with the hearth through a material return pipe; the upper end of the cyclone separator is connected with a second flue; the furnace chamber is internally provided with a fluidized carrier quartz sand. The utility model reduces the cost of garbage disposal of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator; and the temperature field in the hearth is optimized, and the fluctuation range of the pollutants at the outlet of the hearth is reduced while the concentration of the pollutants at the outlet of the hearth is reduced. Meanwhile, the waste heat in the hearth can be reused through the superheater and the waste heat boiler, and the heat energy is fully utilized.

Description

High-efficiency refuse incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler

Technical Field

The patent relates to the technical field of waste incineration treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency waste incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Background

With the increasing serious problem of the refuse city, domestic treatment modes of domestic refuse gradually change from landfill to incineration. The household garbage incineration mainly adopts two types of incinerators: circulating fluidized bed incinerators and mechanical grate furnaces. Compared to mechanical grate furnaces, which have been developed over a century, circulating fluidized bed technology replaces grate furnaces with inert fluidized carriers. The fluidized carrier is stirred and overturned violently under the action of air blown into the bottom of the incinerator to realize internal circulation; high-temperature solid particles brought out along with the flue gas are sent back to the hearth under the action of the cyclone separator and the material returning device, so that external circulation is realized. In the material circulation process in the hearth, the garbage is quickly mixed with the fluidized carrier in the hearth, and is fully heated, dried, combusted and finally burnt out.

The circulating fluidized bed incinerator body has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied area and low initial investment cost. Because the fluidized bed incinerator has no rotating parts such as a fire grate, the equipment failure rate is low, the maintenance workload is small, and the system operation and maintenance cost is reduced to a certain extent. In addition, the incineration temperature of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator is usually controlled at 850-900 ℃, so that the generation of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride and dioxin can be well controlled, and the circulating fluidized bed incinerator is more environment-friendly and energy-saving.

However, in practice, circulating fluidized bed incinerators also expose some problems: 1. because the heat value of domestic garbage is generally low, auxiliary fuels such as coal and the like are generally added for auxiliary combustion in order to maintain the temperature of a hearth, so that the operation cost for treating the urban domestic garbage by adopting the process is high; 2. the circulating fluidized bed incinerator has large ash production amount and high disposal cost as hazardous waste fly ash.

The adoption of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator for treating municipal solid waste has the problems, which seriously hinders the popularization of the incinerator in practical application. Under the background, a proper environment-friendly modification technology for reducing coal and ash is provided, and the operation cost is very necessary to be reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned prior art, and provide a high-efficient msw incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler, it has the coal that can subtract subtracts the ash, reduces the advantage of operation cost.

The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following measures: the efficient waste incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler is characterized by comprising a hearth, wherein a superheater which penetrates from a saturated steam inlet above the left to the top of the hearth is arranged on the hearth, a secondary air inlet, a waste inlet and a primary air inlet are sequentially arranged below the left of the hearth at intervals, and a slag outlet is formed at the lower end of the hearth; the air distribution plate is arranged above the slag outlet and at the lower end of the hearth, the right side surface at the upper end of the hearth is connected with the cyclone separator through the first flue, the lower end of the cyclone separator is connected with the blanking pipe, the lower end of the blanking pipe is connected with the material return valve, the right side of the material return valve is connected with the material discharge pipe, and the material return valve is connected with the hearth through the material return pipe; the upper end of the cyclone separator is connected with a second flue; the furnace chamber is internally provided with a fluidized carrier quartz sand.

In the technical scheme, the material return pipe is in a structure which is perpendicular to the material return valve from low to high and then obliquely led into the bottom point of the side surface of the hearth from a high point.

In the technical scheme, the second flue is connected with a waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is connected with a saturated steam inlet through a pipeline.

The utility model separates the garbage burned in the hearth through the cyclone separator, and then most of the garbage is discharged through the discharge pipe on the feed back valve, thus reducing the secondary burning of useless furnace dust, improving the utilization rate of the hearth and improving the combustion efficiency of the garbage; only a small amount of bottom materials for ensuring the system sealing enter the hearth again through the material return pipe for circulation; the small amount of circulating bed material is used for sealing the fluidized carrier quartz sand when the circulating fluidized bed incinerator is shut down. Thus reducing the cost of garbage treatment of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator; and the temperature field in the hearth is optimized, and the fluctuation range of the pollutants at the outlet of the hearth is reduced while the concentration of the pollutants at the outlet of the hearth is reduced. Meanwhile, the waste heat in the hearth can be reused through the superheater and the waste heat boiler, and the heat energy is fully utilized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a superheater, 2, a water-cooled wall, 3, a hearth, 4, an air distribution plate, 5, a material return pipe, 6, a material return valve, 7, a material discharge pipe, 8, a material discharge pipe, 9, a cyclone separator, 10, a second flue, 11, a first flue, a saturated steam inlet, b, a secondary air inlet, c, a garbage inlet, d, a primary air inlet, e, a slag outlet, f, a bottom material and g, flue gas are arranged in a circulating mode.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and are presented by way of example only, and the advantages of the invention will become more apparent and can be easily understood by description.

Referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that: the utility model discloses high-efficient msw incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler, its characterized in that includes furnace 3, there is superheater 1 that runs through to furnace 3 top from the upper left saturated steam entry a on furnace 3, interval arrangement has overgrate air entry b, rubbish entry c, one time wind entry d in proper order below the left side of furnace 3, the lower extreme of furnace 3 is slag outlet e; an air distribution plate 4 is arranged above a slag outlet e and at the lower end of a hearth 3, the right side surface of the upper end of the hearth 3 is connected with a cyclone separator 9 through a first flue, the lower end of the cyclone separator is connected with a blanking pipe 8, the lower end of the blanking pipe 8 is connected with a material return valve 6, the right side of the material return valve 6 is connected with a material discharge pipe 7, and the material return valve 6 is connected with the hearth 3 through a material return pipe 5; the upper end of the cyclone separator 9 is connected with a second flue 10; the hearth 3 is internally provided with fluidized carrier quartz sand.

The material return pipe 5 is a structure which is vertical to the material return valve 6 from low to high and then obliquely led into the bottom point of the side surface of the hearth 3 from a high point. The material return pipe 5 is used for re-entering a small amount of bottom materials f for sealing into the hearth 3 through the material return pipe 5 for recycling.

The utility model discloses circulating fluidized bed burns burning furnace and handles the operation process of domestic waste as follows:

the pretreated garbage enters the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a garbage inlet c and is fully mixed with fluidized carrier quartz sand in the hearth 3 under the action of primary air (blown in from a primary air inlet d). Under the action of secondary air (blown in from a secondary air inlet b), the garbage is gradually combusted until the garbage is completely combusted, and generated slag e is discharged from the bottom of the incinerator.

Flue gas g generated in the incineration process enters the cyclone 9 through the first flue 11. The separated and purified flue gas enters the waste heat boiler through the second flue 10 for utilization. The separated bottom material f enters the material return valve 6 through the material discharge pipe 8.

A large amount of saturated steam a is generated by the heat of the flue gas in the waste heat boiler. Then, the saturated steam a enters the superheater 1 to absorb heat further, and superheated steam is formed for resource utilization.

Most of the bed charge f entering the material return valve 6 is discharged out of the system through the discharge pipe 7, and a small amount of bed charge f for ensuring the sealing of the system enters the hearth again through the material return pipe 5 for circulation. Thus, the secondary incineration of the non-valuable plant ash is reduced, the utilization rate of the hearth 3 is improved, and the combustion efficiency of the garbage is improved.

The utility model separates the garbage burned in the hearth through the cyclone separator, and then most of the garbage is discharged through the discharge pipe on the feed back valve, thus reducing the secondary burning of useless furnace dust, improving the utilization rate of the hearth 3 and improving the combustion efficiency of the garbage; only a small amount of bottom materials f for ensuring the sealing of the system enter the hearth again through the material return pipe 5 for circulation; the small amount of the circulating bed material f is used for taking out the quartz sand which is used for sealing the fluidized carrier when the circulating fluidized bed incinerator is shut down. Thus reducing the cost of garbage treatment of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator; and the temperature field in the hearth is optimized, and the fluctuation range of the pollutants at the outlet of the hearth is reduced while the concentration of the pollutants at the outlet of the hearth is reduced. Meanwhile, the waste heat in the hearth can be reused through the superheater and the waste heat boiler, and the heat energy is fully utilized.

Claims

1. The efficient waste incineration circulating fluidized bed boiler is characterized by comprising a hearth (3), wherein a superheater (1) penetrating from a saturated steam inlet (a) above the left to the top of the hearth (3) is arranged on the hearth (3), a secondary air inlet (b), a waste inlet (c) and a primary air inlet (d) are sequentially arranged below the left of the hearth (3) at intervals, and a slag outlet (e) is formed at the lower end of the hearth (3); an air distribution plate (4) is arranged above a slag outlet (e) and at the lower end of a hearth (3), the right side surface of the upper end of the hearth (3) is connected with a cyclone separator (9) through a first flue, the lower end of the cyclone separator is connected with a discharging pipe (8), the lower end of the discharging pipe (8) is connected with a material return valve (6), the right side of the material return valve (6) is connected with a discharging pipe (7), and the material return valve (6) is connected with the hearth (3) through a material return pipe (5); the upper end of the cyclone separator (9) is connected with a second flue (10); the hearth (3) is internally provided with fluidized carrier quartz sand.

2. The high efficiency circulating fluidized bed boiler for waste incineration of claim 1, wherein the material return pipe (5) is a structure which is perpendicular to the material return valve (6) from low to high and then obliquely introduced into the bottom point of the side surface of the hearth (3) from high.

3. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for highly efficient refuse incineration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second flue (10) is connected with a waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is connected with the saturated steam inlet (a) through a pipeline.