CN205560765U - Double -deck mechanical stoker formula waste gasification burns dual -boiler system - Google Patents
Double -deck mechanical stoker formula waste gasification burns dual -boiler system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205560765U CN205560765U CN201521136535.8U CN201521136535U CN205560765U CN 205560765 U CN205560765 U CN 205560765U CN 201521136535 U CN201521136535 U CN 201521136535U CN 205560765 U CN205560765 U CN 205560765U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a double -deck mechanical stoker formula waste gasification burns dual -boiler system, burn burning furnace including double -deck waste gasification, boiler system, circular air supplying system, double -deck waste gasification burns burning furnace and includes for the feed bin, the gasifier with fire the cinder stove, it is located the gasifier under to fire the cinder stove, the feed direction who fires the cinder stove is opposite with the feed direction of gasifier, the upper end of gasifier, the upper end of firing the cinder stove sets up the exhanst gas outlet, boiler system includes boiler body a, B, boiler body a has cyclone combustion chamber, oven chamber a, B, cyclone combustion chamber flue gas entry linkage gasifier exhanst gas outlet, boiler body b has the cover and establishes the evaporimeter b on flue gas pipeline, over heater b, water -cooling wall b, establish the over heater in the oven chamber a, establish the evaporimeter in the oven chamber b, establish the over heater in the oven chamber d, an evaporator, the steam pocket is established on two boiler body's top.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, particularly relates to double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification and burns double boiler system.
Background technology
Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly has burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc..The advantages such as in garbage disposal routine techniques, it is obvious that burning disposal has reduced training, and innoxious thoroughly occupation of land amount is little, and waste heat energy is obtained by, and secondary pollution is few, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But along with both at home and abroad environmental requirement being improved constantly, how to strengthen the control to secondary pollution particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is by the road gradually shifting industrial applications onto, primarily now using all kinds of incineration technology especially for domestic rubbish, gasification burning technology industrializes widely regenerates the technological innovation bringing domestic garbage disposal industry.
For many years, China's scientific research to the gasification burning technology such as living beings, rubbish, it is in progress a lot of, the basic research in laboratory is a lot, also has application study, such as: rotary kiln type, vertical and the destructive gasifying of fluidized bed type or temperature gasification and high fusion technology etc..But Technique Popularizing application is upper or there is a definite limitation, and raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economic benefit etc. are principal elements.
In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, its application accounts for more than the 80% of the whole world waste incineration total market size, wherein has and uses mechanical type backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate in body of heater, also has the employing fire grate such as chain-plate type and drum-type.In boiler plant, it is a lot of that boiler reclaims heat methods, technology maturation；Heating style is the most, such as: the thermals source such as solar energy, smelting furnace waste heat, coal furnace, fluid bed, fixed bed, rotary kiln, utilizes boiler to reclaim heat, be used for generating electricity, heat supply, heating etc..
In sum, typical gasification burning and boiler plant technology maturation, it is respectively arranged with himself advantage, but in the actual application of China, needs the problem and shortage solved:
1., for characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated components, the technology of moving hearth uses, and needs emphasis to consider the conveying capacity of rubbish.In flue gas after simultaneously burning, fly ash content is higher, and collecting ash is heavier, and the deashing repair and maintenance cycle is short.
2. being on the increase along with refuse production, sanitary fill such as mountain, garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, could meeting the market requirement.
3., in the face of strict pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution controls the key problem being technically need to solve.
4., in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.Existing rubbish heat treatment technics generally uses the high-temperature flue gas heat after boiler recovery waste incineration, produce steam and shift steam turbine power generation onto, whole transition heat efficiency losses is relatively big, processes identical quantity of refuse, relatively reduces thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness just can improve the thermal efficiency.
Existing incinerator such as following two patent of invention: an open question in multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) and two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2): rubbish heat treatment mode is relatively backward, simply be dried-burn-burn, the process of solid combustion release heat；In stove, thermal chemical reaction is based on oxidation reaction, and reduction reaction assists, and is easily generated secondary pollution；When rubbish burns in stove, crossing oxygen quotient big, First air, Secondary Air infeed amount are big, and in flue gas, dust content is higher, affect heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system relatively big, easy dust stratification, and exhaust gas volumn is relatively big, reduces thermal conversion efficiency；The gasification furnace not being separately provided and incinerator, can only process rubbish by several times, it is impossible to realizing large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal, garbage treatment quantity is less.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification is provided to burn double boiler system, its rubbish conveying capacity is higher, garbage treatment quantity is bigger, thermal losses can be reduced and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, the organic efficiency of heat is higher, and can efficiently reduce pollutant discharge amount.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that
A kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification burns double boiler system, including double-deck refuse gasification incinerator, double boiler system, circulation air feed system,
nullDescribed double-deck refuse gasification incinerator includes grate，It is disposed with feed hopper along feedstock direction on described grate、Gasification furnace，It is additionally provided with incinerator on described grate，Described incinerator is positioned at the underface of gasification furnace，The feedstock direction of incinerator is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace，Grate part between described feed hopper discharging opening and gasification furnace charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section，Grate part between described gasification furnace discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator is provided with transition and falls slag section，The transition slag section that falls can form windrow sealing state，Described grate is provided with garbage pusher device、Residue pusher，Described garbage pusher device is positioned at the lower section of feed hopper，Cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device is stretched in windrow seal section，For the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in gasification furnace，Described residue pusher is between gasification furnace and incinerator，The cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section，The rubbish residue fallen in by gasification furnace pushes in incinerator,Described gasification furnace、Incinerator includes furnace shell respectively、Moving hearth，Before described gasification furnace、Rear is respectively by windrow seal section、Transition fall slag section seal，Described transition fall slag section isolation gasification furnace、Incinerator，Make gasification furnace、Incinerator is separate,The lower section of described gasification furnace moving hearth and described incinerator moving hearth be respectively arranged below with at least one air compartment being independently arranged，Described gasification furnace、Incinerator is respectively in the shape that arches upward，The face arch of described gasification furnace、Secondary it is respectively provided with for air port on rear arch，The vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet，It is corresponding with the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth air compartment that the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet，Second exhanst gas outlet is connected by flue with corresponding air compartment，Described gasification furnace、Igniting combustion supporting hole it is respectively equipped with on incinerator；
nullDescribed steam generator system includes boiler body a、Boiler body b，Described boiler body a has cyclone combustion chamber、Furnace chamber a、Furnace chamber b，The lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber arranges smoke inlet，The smoke inlet of cyclone combustion chamber and the connection of the first exhanst gas outlet，Cyclone combustion chamber upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet，Described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with some combustion airs for air port，Described some combustion airs are positioned at smoke inlet for air port、Between 3rd exhanst gas outlet，3rd exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber upper end connects with the upper end of furnace chamber a，Described furnace chamber a、The lower end connection of furnace chamber b，The upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet，Described cyclone firing is indoor circumferentially arranged with water-cooling wall a ringwise，It is provided with superheater a in described furnace chamber a，Evaporimeter a it is provided with in furnace chamber b，The top of boiler body a arranges drum a，Described cyclone combustion chamber、Furnace chamber a、Furnace chamber b is respectively positioned on below drum a，Described drum a is provided with carbonated drink import，Drum a passes through water separator separation steam water interface，The delivery port of drum a connects water-cooling wall a by pipeline respectively、The water inlet of evaporimeter a，For exporting the isolated water of water separator，Described water-cooling wall a、The venthole of evaporimeter a connects the air intake of drum a respectively by steam pipe，For the high-temperature steam that refluxes，The saturated vapor outlet of described drum a connects the air intake of superheater a by pipeline，For by the high-temperature steam input superheater a of backflow，The venthole output superheated steam of described superheater a；
nullDescribed boiler body b includes the evaporimeter b being sequentially sleeved at from top to bottom on flue、Superheater b、Water-cooling wall b，The top of boiler body b arranges drum b，Described evaporimeter b、Superheater b、Water-cooling wall b is respectively positioned on below drum b，Described drum b is provided with carbonated drink import，Drum b passes through water separator separation steam water interface，The delivery port of drum b is by connecting water-cooling wall b by pipeline respectively、The water inlet of evaporimeter b，For exporting the isolated water of water separator，Described water-cooling wall b、The venthole of evaporimeter b connects the air intake of drum b respectively by steam pipe，For the high-temperature steam that refluxes，The saturated vapor outlet of described drum b connects the air intake of superheater b by pipeline，For by the high-temperature steam input superheater b of backflow，The venthole output superheated steam of described superheater b；
Described circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, first blower fan, second blower fan, first manifold, second manifold, the inlet end of described dust arrester connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of described first manifold is connected with an air compartment of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth, the outlet side of described dust arrester is connected by the inlet end of pipeline and the first blower fan, the outlet side of described first blower fan is connected with furnace chamber b by pipeline, the air inlet of described second blower fan and atmosphere, the gas outlet of described second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below an air compartment, each combustion air of cyclone combustion chamber is for air port and gasification furnace face arch, secondary on rear arch connects for air port, described first manifold, it is respectively provided with regulation valve on each arm of the second manifold.
Further, also include steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, described include being sequentially connected in series by pipeline to water input system condenser, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, booster water pump, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between described water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, and the delivery port of described booster water pump connects drum a, the carbonated drink import of drum b by pipeline.
The steam that steam output device can not utilized by condenser is all converted to water, and absorb the heat of steam release, the Main Function of oxygen-eliminating device is exactly the oxygen removing in boiler feedwater with it and other gas, ensure the quality of feedwater, booster water pump can improve hydraulic pressure, ensure, to the water supply capacity of water input system, the water that steam output device is discharged to be carried out further heat recovery to water input system, improve heat recovery efficiency.
In order to utilize superheated steam generation, it is preferable that described steam output device is steam turbine.
Flue gas in order to discharge furnace chamber b carries out further heat recovery, improves heat recovery efficiency, and further, described boiler body has furnace chamber c, and the upper end of described furnace chamber c connects with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet.
Further, being provided with economizer in described furnace chamber c, the water inlet of described economizer connects with the delivery port of booster water pump, and the delivery port of described economizer is respectively by pipeline and drum a, the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum b.
Further, being provided with air preheater in described furnace chamber c, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
Flue gas in order to discharge furnace chamber c carries out harmless treatment, and further, the Waste gas outlet of described furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, aeration tower that described flue gas purification system includes being sequentially connected in series along discharge directions, deduster, air-introduced machine, chimney.
In order to discharge furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the waste residue of cyclone firing indoor flue gas deposition generation, and prevent waste residue effusion from producing pollution, preferably, it is provided with common slag notch below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this common slag notch, taper slag notch connect with the burner hearth of gasification furnace respectively.
High-temperature flue gas in order to produce after making burning is easily drained, and the installation of beneficially pipeline, it is preferable that described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall；Described 3rd exhanst gas outlet is radially or tangentially arranged along cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall.
In order to prevent altering wind between gasification furnace, incinerator, it is preferable that described transition falls and is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed in slag section, described isolating door is for cutting off gasification furnace, incinerator.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the utility model has the advantages that
1. between feed hopper, gasification furnace, it is provided with windrow seal section, make gasification furnace front can carry out windrow sealing, gasification furnace, the transition of the incinerator slag section that falls also can form windrow sealing state, make gasification furnace rear can form windrow to seal, the heat preservation and insulation making gasification furnace is more preferable, in refuse gasification burning process, it is possible to prevent heat leak, saves fuel.
2. gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, secondary it is respectively provided with for air port on the face arch of gasification furnace, rear arch, the vault of gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the vault of incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, and the second exhanst gas outlet is connected with flue, makes circulation air feed system more simplify, greatly reduce the impurity in gasification furnace flue gas, can provide the flue gas of higher quality, the utilization rate making flue gas is higher, and the waste residue of discharge is less.
3. incinerator is positioned at the lower section of gasification furnace, substantially reduces length and the space hold of incinerator.
4. the utility model is novel, garbage treatment quantity is big, the rubbish bed of material experience on stoker fired grate be dried, gasification and residue burn the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated component, improve the energy conversion efficiency in garbage processing procedure and reduce pollutant discharge amount in flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and it is capable of large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relatively reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, improve the thermal efficiency.
5. the flue gas that the first blower fan extraction gasification furnace First air is indoor, is introduced in furnace chamber b, makes full use of the waste heat that boiler body b has not utilized；Second blower fan utilizes the waste gas discharged from furnace chamber c by air preheater, makes full use of the waste heat that boiler body a has not utilized.The wind that second blower fan bloats provides First air by the second manifold for incinerator, and provides combustion air for cyclone combustion chamber, makes incinerator residue fully burn, and the synthesis flue gas of cyclone firing indoor fully burns.The wind that second blower fan bloats provides Secondary Air by the second manifold for gasification furnace, in making gasification furnace, rubbish produces gasification, and gasification furnace is contained within the flue gas of a certain amount of synthesis gas, discharges from the first exhanst gas outlet, entering cyclone combustion chamber processing links, cyclone combustion chamber provides high-temperature flue gas.The stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator garbage treatment quantity of this structure is big, the rubbish bed of material can experience on stoker fired grate be dried, gasification and residue burn the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated component, improve the energy conversion efficiency in garbage processing procedure and reduce pollutant discharge amount in flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and it is capable of large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relatively reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, improve the thermal efficiency.
6. this steam generator system have employed the structure of two boilers, fully the synthesis flue gas of burning the first exhanst gas outlet release, utilizes the heat that smoke combustion discharges, and makes full use of the heat that the second exhanst gas outlet discharges, and heat transfer loss is less, and heat recovery efficiency is higher.Synthesis gas is the most abundant in cyclone firing Indoor Combustion, and the temperature that burning produces is higher, is arranged on cyclone combustion chamber by the water-cooling wall a of annular, relatively reduces thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness.The high-temperature synthesis gas flue gas of refuse gasification outlet of still enters cyclone combustion chamber, simultaneously tangential air-supplied combustion-supporting flammable synthesis gas in cyclone combustion chamber, and flue gas sequentially passes through cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, economizer and air preheater.Recycling economizer preheating condensed water, preheating condensed water enters two boilers, condensed water heats in two water-cooling walls and two evaporimeters, form saturated vapor and enter two drums, after steam-water separation, saturated vapor enters two superheaters, again be thermally formed superheated steam output, can be used for generating electricity, heat supply, heating etc..The utility model is novel, utilizes cyclone-burning method, decreases fly ash content in flue gas；Syngas combustion temperature is high, and gas residence time is long, and pollutant is effectively decomposed, and reduces pollutant emission, it is achieved that the synthesis gas burning disposal after rubbish continuous gasification and heat recovery and utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber；
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is steam output device, to the structural representation of water input system；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of flue gas purification system；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of double-deck refuse gasification incinerator.
Reference
1 is double-deck refuse gasification incinerator, and 101 is grate, and 102 is feed hopper, 103 is gasification furnace, and 104 is incinerator, and 105 is moving hearth, 106 is garbage pusher device, and 107 is an air compartment, and 108 is windrow seal section, 109 fall slag section for transition, and 110 is residue pusher, and 111 is isolating door, 112 is the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 is the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 is igniting combustion supporting hole, 115 supply air port for secondary, and 116 is flue；
201 is dust arrester, and 202 is the first blower fan, and 203 is the second blower fan, and 204 is the first manifold, and 205 is the second manifold；
3 is cyclone combustion chamber, and 301 is combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 is taper slag notch, and 303 is smoke inlet, and 304 is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, and 305 supply air port for combustion air；
4 is boiler body a, and 402 is furnace chamber a, and 403 is furnace chamber b, and 404 is furnace chamber c, 405 is water-cooling wall a, and 406 is superheater a, and 407 is evaporimeter a, and 408 is drum a, 411 is steam output device, and 412 is to water input system, and 413 is condenser, and 414 is water pump, 415 is oxygen-eliminating device, and 416 is booster water pump, and 417 is moisturizing pipeline, and 418 is economizer, 419 is flue gas purification system, and 420 is aeration tower, and 421 is deduster, 422 is air-introduced machine, and 423 is chimney, and 424 is air preheater；
5 is boiler body b, and 503 is water-cooling wall b, and 504 is superheater b, and 505 is evaporimeter b, and 506 is drum b.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, burn a kind of preferred embodiment of double boiler system for double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification, including double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1, steam generator system, circulation air feed system 2.
See Fig. 6, including double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1, described double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1 includes grate 101, it is disposed with feed hopper 102 along feedstock direction on described grate 101, gasification furnace 103, it is additionally provided with incinerator 104 on described grate 101, described incinerator 104 is positioned at the underface of gasification furnace 103, the feedstock direction of incinerator 104 is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace 103, the carbon-containing part of rubbish is mainly gasified by gasification furnace 103, and discharge flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, incinerator 104 is substantially carried out the burning of carbon residue and processes, and discharge innoxious lime-ash.Grate 101 part between described feed hopper 102 discharging opening and gasification furnace 103 charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section 108, grate 101 part between described gasification furnace 103 discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator 104 is provided with transition and falls slag section 109, and the transition slag section 109 that falls can form windrow sealing state.
Described grate 101 is provided with garbage pusher device 106, described garbage pusher device 106 is positioned at the lower section of feed hopper 102, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device 106 is stretched in windrow seal section 108, for the rubbish in feed hopper 102 is pushed in gasification furnace 103, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device 106 advances half stroke at windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and is fallen, garbage pusher device 106 retreats, advance again, pusher forms windrow at windrow seal section 108 back and forth, gasification furnace 103 entrance is made to be in windrow sealing state, strengthen gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solve garbage pusher device 106 and the easy leakage problem of feed hopper 102.When needing complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, garbage pusher device 106 forward impelling half stroke again, rubbish is pushed completely in gasification furnace 103, makes gasification furnace 103 entrance lose windrow sealing effectiveness.
Described grate 101 is provided with residue pusher 110, described residue pusher 110 is between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, the cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher 110 is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section 109, for being pushed in incinerator 104 by the rubbish residue fallen in gasification furnace 103.The transition slag section 109 that falls can be at windrow sealing state when piling up rubbish residue, strengthens gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solves to go here and there between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 problem of wind.In the present embodiment, described transition falls and is provided with isolating door 111 to be opened/closed in slag section 109, and described isolating door 111 is for cutting off gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.At the furnace lifting initial stage or when needing to control to alter wind between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator, close isolating door 111, after the slag section that falls stacks the formation windrow sealing of a certain amount of residue, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, the residue pusher 110 arranged with lower section is coordinated to use, to realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
Described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 include furnace shell, moving hearth 105 respectively, the forward and backward side of described gasification furnace 103 is sealed by windrow seal section 108, the transition slag section 109 that falls respectively, the described transition slag section 109 that falls isolates gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104, makes gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 separate.The moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 all uses the stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 that segmentation independently drives, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is to be forward lapped with fixed grate plate by moving grate plate, collect alternately and form, adjacent many groups moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, uses a set of driving means to drive.Stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is as the carrier of conveying garbage, and its embodiment can be all types of moving hearths 105, such as chain-plate type, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc..
The lower section of described gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 and described incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 be respectively arranged below with at least one air compartment 107 being independently arranged, the fire grate corresponding with an air compartment 107 of gasification furnace 103 first half, driving means, as the dryer section of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105, a time latter half of with gasification furnace 103 fire grate that air compartment 107 is corresponding, driving means are as the gasification section of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105.The dryer section of gasification furnace 103 siege 105, gasification section can be respectively adopted 1-2 independent air compartment 107 air feed, it is also possible to be respectively adopted 3-4 independent air compartment 107 air feed.Certainly, fire grate, driving means and an air compartment 107 also can not be correspondingly arranged, and preferably on regulation moving hearth 105, the bed of material moves and air distribution relation.Incinerator 104 can use 1-4 independent air compartment 107 air feed, burns rear lime-ash and gets rid of from slag notch, enters next step treatment process.
Described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 are respectively in the shape that arches upward, and in order to preferably adapt to the installing space in factory, the face arch of described gasification furnace 103 is flat construction, or, the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is that rear end is inclined upwardly structure.Secondary it is respectively provided with for air port 115 on the face arch of described gasification furnace 103, rear arch, the vault of described gasification furnace 103 arranges the first exhanst gas outlet 112, gasification flue gas in gasification furnace 103 is got rid of from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, and gasification furnace 103 furnace cavity is compared with traditional incinerator, relatively reduced；Forward and backward arch position relative with moving hearth 105 diminishes, and decreases the space that incinerator takies, and is also easier to insulation, decreases the amount of leakage of heat, beneficially rubbish and fully gasify.It is corresponding with an air compartment 107 of the lower section of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 that the vault of described incinerator 104 arranges the second exhanst gas outlet 113, second exhanst gas outlet 113 is connected by flue 116 with corresponding air compartment 107, and described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 are respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole 114；
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, described steam generator system includes boiler body a4, boiler body b5, described boiler body a4 has cyclone combustion chamber 3, furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, furnace chamber c404, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 arranges smoke inlet 303, the smoke inlet 303 of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is connected with the first exhanst gas outlet 112 of gasification furnace 103 by pipeline, cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, described smoke inlet 303, 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 is positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall, the top of cyclone combustion chamber 3 arranges combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole 301.In order to discharge from the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 after making flue gas, combustion air be sufficiently mixed in cyclone combustion chamber 3, burning, described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with some combustion airs and supplies air port 305, and described some combustion airs supply air port 305 between smoke inlet the 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304.Described smoke inlet the 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, combustion air are radially or tangentially arranged along cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall for air port 305.3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 of cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end connects with the upper end of furnace chamber a402, described furnace chamber a402, the lower end connection of furnace chamber b403, the upper end of described furnace chamber b403 arranges waste gas outlet, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with the taper slag notch 302 that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this taper slag notch 302 connects with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.Being provided with common slag notch below described furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, this common slag notch connects with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.In the present embodiment, this common slag notch and taper slag notch 302 all afterbody changeover portions with gasification furnace 103 burner hearth connect.
nullIt is circumferentially with water-cooling wall a405 ringwise along inwall in described cyclone combustion chamber 3，It is provided with superheater a406 in described furnace chamber a402，Evaporimeter a407 it is provided with in furnace chamber b403，The top of boiler body 4 arranges drum a408，Described cyclone combustion chamber 3、Furnace chamber a402、Furnace chamber b403 is respectively positioned on below drum a408，Described drum a408 is provided with carbonated drink import，For inputting steam water interface，It is provided with water separator in drum a408，For separating steam water interface，The delivery port of drum a408 is by connecting water-cooling wall a405 by pipeline respectively、The water inlet of evaporimeter a407，For exporting the isolated water of water separator，Described water-cooling wall a405、The venthole of evaporimeter a407 connects the air intake of drum a408 respectively by steam pipe，For the high-temperature steam that refluxes，The saturated vapor outlet of described drum a408 connects the air intake of superheater a406 by pipeline，For by the high-temperature steam input superheater a406 of backflow，The venthole output superheated steam of described superheater a406.
nullDescribed boiler body b5 includes the evaporimeter b505 being sequentially sleeved at from top to bottom on flue、Superheater b504、Water-cooling wall b503，The top of boiler body b arranges drum b506，Described evaporimeter b、Superheater b、Water-cooling wall b is respectively positioned on below drum b，Described drum b506 is provided with carbonated drink import，Drum b506 passes through water separator separation steam water interface，The delivery port of drum b506 is by connecting water-cooling wall b503 by pipeline respectively、The water inlet of evaporimeter b505，For exporting the isolated water of water separator，Described water-cooling wall b503、The venthole of evaporimeter b505 connects the air intake of drum b506 respectively by steam pipe，For the high-temperature steam that refluxes，The saturated vapor outlet of described drum b506 connects the air intake of superheater b504 by pipeline，For by the high-temperature steam input superheater b504 of backflow，The venthole output superheated steam of described superheater b504.
Seeing Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, steam generator system also includes steam output device 411, to water input system 412, and in the present embodiment, described steam output device 411 is steam turbine.The venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device 411, described include being sequentially connected in series by pipeline to water input system 412 condenser 413, water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, booster water pump 416, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline 417 between described water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, the water inlet of described condenser 413 connects the discharge outlet of steam output device 411 by pipeline, and the delivery port of described booster water pump 416 connects drum a408, the carbonated drink import of drum b by pipeline respectively.
The upper end of described furnace chamber c404 connects with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b403 upper end, the lower end of furnace chamber c404 arranges Waste gas outlet, it is provided with economizer 418, air preheater in described furnace chamber c404, the water inlet of described economizer 418 connects with the delivery port of booster water pump 416, the delivery port of described economizer 418 and the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum 408.The Waste gas outlet seeing Fig. 5, furnace chamber c404 connects flue gas purification system 419, aeration tower 420 that described flue gas purification system 419 includes being sequentially connected in series along discharge directions, deduster 421, air-introduced machine 422, chimney 423.
Described circulation air feed system includes dust arrester the 201, first blower fan the 202, second blower fan the 203, first manifold the 204, second manifold 205, it is preferable that described dust arrester 201 is cyclone separator or hot precipitator；Described first blower fan 202 is high-temperature blower, is beneficial to work in high temperature environments, and described second blower fan 203 is air blast.The inlet end of described dust arrester 201 connects the house steward of the first manifold 204, the arm of described first manifold 204 is connected with an air compartment of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth, the outlet side of described dust arrester 201 is connected by the inlet end of pipeline and the first blower fan 202, the outlet side of described first blower fan 202 is connected with furnace chamber b by pipeline, the air inlet of described second blower fan 203 and material pit atmosphere, the gas outlet of described second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, the arm of described second manifold 205 respectively with incinerator moving hearth below an air compartment, each combustion air of cyclone combustion chamber is for air port and gasification furnace face arch, secondary on rear arch connects for air port, described first manifold 204, it is respectively provided with regulation valve on each arm of the second manifold 205.In the present embodiment, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
Incinerator 104 First air is: the air of certain pressure is blasted in an air compartment 107 corresponding below stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 by the second manifold by air blast, again by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, carry out residual burning, by the regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on corresponding arm.Gasification furnace 103 First air is: the flue gas that incinerator 104 produces is in flue 116 enters an air compartment 107 corresponding below gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105, again by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, gasify, by the regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on corresponding each arm.Gasification furnace 103 Secondary Air is: the air of certain pressure is blasted gasification furnace 103 burner hearth by the second manifold by air blast, and its spray-hole is arranged on gasification furnace 103 face arch and rear arch.Secondary it is provided with for air port 115, raising gasification efficiency, polymer substance decomposition in enhancing flue gas on forward and backward arch.The igniting combustion supporting hole 114 having on gasification furnace rear arch, furnace lifting, baker and in stablizing gasification furnace 103 temperature use, air blast provides the combustion-supporting air feed of cyclone combustion chamber also by the second manifold.
The origin of heat that boiler body a reclaims is in the high-temperature synthesis gas flue gas of refuse gasification outlet of still, synthesis gas flue gas enters cyclone combustion chamber, tangential air-supplied combustion-supporting flammable synthesis gas in cyclone combustion chamber simultaneously, flue gas sequentially passes through cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, economizer and air preheater.
The origin of heat that boiler body b reclaims high-temperature flue gas after residual burning after refuse gasification, flue gas enters the flue of air feed of gasification furnace, flue gas sequentially passes through water-cooling wall, superheater, evaporimeter, gasifying agent is provided for gasification furnace, then by high-temperature blower, indoor for First air unnecessary flue gas is introduced dust arrester, after dedusting, feed furnace chamber b.
Recycling economizer preheating condensed water, preheating condensed water enters boiler body a and boiler body b, condensed water heats in water-cooling wall and evaporimeter, form saturated vapor and enter drum, after steam-water separation, saturated vapor enters superheater, again be thermally formed superheated steam output, can be used for generating electricity, heat supply, heating etc..
A kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification burns the waste disposal method of double boiler system, and the method sequentially includes the following steps:
nullStep A、Close the gate of double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1 and atmospheric vent，Start double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1，Garbage raw material is put into feed hopper 102，Garbage pusher device 106 pusher back and forth，The garbage raw material fallen from feed hopper 102 is pushed feed hopper 102、Windrow seal section 108 between gasification furnace 103，Windrow seal section 108 is made to form windrow sealing state，Unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103，The moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works，Rubbish is conveyed into transition fall slag section 109，Residue pusher 110 pusher back and forth，The rubbish in slag section 109 that transition fallen pushes in incinerator 104，The moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 works conveying garbage，Until rubbish is at gasification furnace 103、The moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 is accumulated to required thickness: 0.6-0.8m，，During baker，The rubbish piled up can protect moving hearth 105，Prevent scaling loss siege 105.Stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 quits work, then, with start-up burner by the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively burner hearth with gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 communicate, under the effect of start-up burner, gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 are carried out furnace lifting, baker, treats that this process stabilization completes, make gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 burner hearth reach predetermined temperature 600-700 DEG C；The purpose of baker is the Natural Water in order to remove in lining and the crystallization water, in order to avoid rising too fast when going into operation due to furnace temperature, moisture content expands in a large number to cause body of heater spalling, bubbling or deform even furnace wall and collapses, and affects intensity and the service life of heating furnace furnace wall.
Step B, start regulation circulation air feed system 2, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and technological parameter (the pusher speed of circulation air feed system 2, fire grate speed, wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure in stove, thickness of feed layer etc.), feed intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works conveying garbage, rubbish proceeds by burning in the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue is piled up formation windrow at transition falls slag section 109 and is sealed, the stove chamber inner combustion state temperature making gasification furnace 103 is stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, moving hearth 105 work of incinerator 104 exports the rubbish residue after burning.
Each technological parameter (negative pressure, thickness of feed layer etc. in pusher speed, fire grate speed, wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, stove) of step C, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, rubbish is gradually gasified by gasification furnace 103, regulate each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber 3 simultaneously, gasification temperature is stable between 700-800 DEG C, making the stable high-temperature flue gas produced containing 10%-20% synthesis gas of gasification furnace 103, gasification furnace 103 vaporized state stably carries out low temperature, middle temperature or high-temperature gasification.Make incinerator 104 fired state temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, high-temperature flue gas enters air compartment of gasification furnace from the second exhanst gas outlet correspondence, feed gasification furnace, and cyclone combustion chamber 3 the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, it is achieved rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
Step D, need to overhaul or during blowing out, stopping feeds intake, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104, cyclone combustion chamber 3 and the technological parameter of circulation air feed system 2, gasification furnace 103 is made to be gradually restored to fired state, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, close double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1 and circulation air feed system 2.
Finally illustrate is, preferred embodiment above is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model and unrestricted, although the utility model being described in detail by above preferred embodiment, but skilled artisan would appreciate that, in the form and details it can be made various change, without departing from the utility model claims limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification burns double boiler system, it is characterised in that: include double-deck refuse gasification incinerator, double boiler system, circulation air feed system,
nullDescribed double-deck refuse gasification incinerator includes grate，It is disposed with feed hopper along feedstock direction on described grate、Gasification furnace，It is additionally provided with incinerator on described grate，Described incinerator is positioned at the underface of gasification furnace，The feedstock direction of incinerator is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace，Grate part between described feed hopper discharging opening and gasification furnace charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section，Grate part between described gasification furnace discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator is provided with transition and falls slag section，The transition slag section that falls can form windrow sealing state，Described grate is provided with garbage pusher device、Residue pusher，Described garbage pusher device is positioned at the lower section of feed hopper，Cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device is stretched in windrow seal section，For the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in gasification furnace，Described residue pusher is between gasification furnace and incinerator，The cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section，The rubbish residue fallen in by gasification furnace pushes in incinerator,Described gasification furnace、Incinerator includes furnace shell respectively、Moving hearth，Before described gasification furnace、Rear is respectively by windrow seal section、Transition fall slag section seal，Described transition fall slag section isolation gasification furnace、Incinerator，Make gasification furnace、Incinerator is separate,The lower section of described gasification furnace moving hearth and described incinerator moving hearth be respectively arranged below with at least one air compartment being independently arranged，Described gasification furnace、Incinerator is respectively in the shape that arches upward，The face arch of described gasification furnace、Secondary it is respectively provided with for air port on rear arch，The vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet，It is corresponding with the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth air compartment that the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet，Second exhanst gas outlet is connected by flue with corresponding air compartment，Described gasification furnace、Igniting combustion supporting hole it is respectively equipped with on incinerator；
nullDescribed steam generator system includes boiler body a、Boiler body b，Described boiler body a has cyclone combustion chamber、Furnace chamber a、Furnace chamber b，The lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber arranges smoke inlet，The smoke inlet of cyclone combustion chamber and the connection of the first exhanst gas outlet，Cyclone combustion chamber upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet，Described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with some combustion airs for air port，Described some combustion airs are positioned at smoke inlet for air port、Between 3rd exhanst gas outlet，3rd exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber upper end connects with the upper end of furnace chamber a，Described furnace chamber a、The lower end connection of furnace chamber b，The upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet，Described cyclone firing is indoor circumferentially arranged with water-cooling wall a ringwise，It is provided with superheater a in described furnace chamber a，Evaporimeter a it is provided with in furnace chamber b，The top of boiler body a arranges drum a，Described cyclone combustion chamber、Furnace chamber a、Furnace chamber b is respectively positioned on below drum a，Described drum a is provided with carbonated drink import，Drum a passes through water separator separation steam water interface，The delivery port of drum a connects water-cooling wall a by pipeline respectively、The water inlet of evaporimeter a，For exporting the isolated water of water separator，Described water-cooling wall a、The venthole of evaporimeter a connects the air intake of drum a respectively by steam pipe，For the high-temperature steam that refluxes，The saturated vapor outlet of described drum a connects the air intake of superheater a by pipeline，For by the high-temperature steam input superheater a of backflow，The venthole output superheated steam of described superheater a；
nullDescribed boiler body b includes the evaporimeter b being sequentially sleeved at from top to bottom on flue、Superheater b、Water-cooling wall b，The top of boiler body b arranges drum b，Described evaporimeter b、Superheater b、Water-cooling wall b is respectively positioned on below drum b，Described drum b is provided with carbonated drink import，Drum b passes through water separator separation steam water interface，The delivery port of drum b is by connecting water-cooling wall b by pipeline respectively、The water inlet of evaporimeter b，For exporting the isolated water of water separator，Described water-cooling wall b、The venthole of evaporimeter b connects the air intake of drum b respectively by steam pipe，For the high-temperature steam that refluxes，The saturated vapor outlet of described drum b connects the air intake of superheater b by pipeline，For by the high-temperature steam input superheater b of backflow，The venthole output superheated steam of described superheater b；
Described circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, first blower fan, second blower fan, first manifold, second manifold, the inlet end of described dust arrester connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of described first manifold is connected with an air compartment of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth, the outlet side of described dust arrester is connected by the inlet end of pipeline and the first blower fan, the outlet side of described first blower fan is connected with furnace chamber b by pipeline, the air inlet of described second blower fan and atmosphere, the gas outlet of described second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below an air compartment, each combustion air of cyclone combustion chamber is for air port and gasification furnace face arch, secondary on rear arch connects for air port, described first manifold, it is respectively provided with regulation valve on each arm of the second manifold.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 1 burns double boiler system, it is characterized in that: also include steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, the described condenser including to water input system being sequentially connected in series by pipeline, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, booster water pump, described water pump, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump connects drum a by pipeline, the carbonated drink import of drum b.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 2 burns double boiler system, it is characterised in that: described steam output device is steam turbine.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 2 burns double boiler system, it is characterised in that: described boiler body has furnace chamber c, and the upper end of described furnace chamber c connects with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 4 burns double boiler system, it is characterized in that: in described furnace chamber c, be provided with economizer, the water inlet of described economizer connects with the delivery port of booster water pump, and the delivery port of described economizer is respectively by pipeline and drum a, the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum b.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 4 burns double boiler system, it is characterized in that: in described furnace chamber c, be provided with air preheater, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 4 burns double boiler system, it is characterized in that: the Waste gas outlet of described furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, aeration tower that described flue gas purification system includes being sequentially connected in series along discharge directions, deduster, air-introduced machine, chimney.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 1 burns double boiler system, it is characterized in that: below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, be provided with common slag notch, the upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this common slag notch, taper slag notch connect with the burner hearth of gasification furnace respectively.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 1 burns double boiler system, it is characterised in that: described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall；Described 3rd exhanst gas outlet is radially or tangentially arranged along cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall.
Double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification the most according to claim 1 burns double boiler system, it is characterised in that: described transition falls and is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed in slag section, and described isolating door is for cutting off gasification furnace, incinerator.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105402738A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 重庆科技学院 | Dual-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasifying incinerator and dual-boiler system thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105402738A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-16 | 重庆科技学院 | Dual-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasifying incinerator and dual-boiler system thereof |
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