CN105402738A - Dual-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasifying incinerator and dual-boiler system thereof - Google Patents
Dual-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasifying incinerator and dual-boiler system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105402738A CN105402738A CN201511026628.XA CN201511026628A CN105402738A CN 105402738 A CN105402738 A CN 105402738A CN 201511026628 A CN201511026628 A CN 201511026628A CN 105402738 A CN105402738 A CN 105402738A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasifying incinerator and a dual-boiler system thereof. The dual-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasifying incinerator comprises a dual-layer garbage gasifying incinerator, a boiler system and a circulating air supply system, wherein the dual-layer garbage gasifying incinerator comprises a feeding hopper, a gasification furnace and a burnout furnace; the burnout furnace is positioned directly under the gasification furnace; the feeding direction of the burnout furnace is opposite to the feeding direction of the gasification furnace, and flue gas outlets are formed in the upper end of the gasification furnace and the upper end of the burnout furnace; the boiler system comprises a boiler body a and a boiler body b, and the boiler body a is provided with a cyclone-combustion chamber, a furnace chamber a and a furnace chamber b; a flue gas inlet of the cyclone-combustion chamber is connected with the flue gas outlet of the gasification furnace; the boiler body b is provided with evaporators b, superheaters b and water-cooled walls b which are arranged on a flue gas pipeline in a sleeving manner, the superheaters are arranged in the furnace chamber a, the evaporators are arranged in the furnace chamber b, and the superheaters and the evaporators are arranged in a furnace chamber d; steam drums are arranged at the top ends of the two boiler bodies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, particularly relate to double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and double boiler system thereof.
Background technology
Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly contains burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc.The advantages such as in garbage disposal routine techniques, it is obvious that burning disposal has reduced training, and thoroughly innoxious, occupation of land amount is little, and waste heat energy is utilized, and secondary pollution is few, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But along with domestic and international improving constantly environmental requirement, how to strengthen the control of secondary pollution particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is shifted onto on the road of industrial applications gradually, what particularly mainly adopt now for domestic rubbish is all kinds of incineration technologies, and the industrialization widely of gasification burning technology is regenerated bringing the technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry.
For many years, China, to the scientific research of the gasification burning such as living beings, rubbish technology, is in progress a lot of, and the basic research in laboratory is a lot, also has application study, as the destructive gasifying of: rotary kiln type, vertical and fluidized bed type or temperature gasification and high fusion technology etc.But Technique Popularizing application is upper or there is a definite limitation, and raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economic benefit etc. are principal elements.
In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, its application accounts for more than 80% of the whole world waste incineration total market size, wherein has and adopt mechanical type backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate in body of heater, also has and adopts the fire grate such as chain-plate type and drum-type.In boiler plant, it is a lot of that boiler reclaims heat methods, technology maturation; Heating style is also many, as: the thermals source such as solar energy, smelting furnace waste heat, coal furnace, fluid bed, fixed bed, rotary kiln, utilize boiler to reclaim heat, for generating, heat supply, heating etc.
In sum, typical gasification burning and boiler plant technology maturation, respectively have himself advantage, but in China's practical application, need the problem and shortage of solution:
1. the characteristic such as, complicated component high for China's house refuse water content, the technology of moving hearth uses, and needs emphasis to consider to the conveying capacity of rubbish.In flue gas after simultaneously burning, fly ash content is higher, and collecting ash is heavier, and the deashing repair and maintenance cycle is short.
2. being on the increase along with refuse production, sanitary fill is as mountain, and garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, could meeting the market requirement.
3., in the face of strict pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution controls to be the key problem technically needing to solve.
4., in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.High-temperature flue gas heat after existing rubbish heat treatment technics adopts boiler to reclaim waste incineration usually, produce steam and shift steam turbine power generation onto, whole transition heat efficiency losses is comparatively large, processes identical quantity of refuse, relatively reduces thermal losses and improves heat exchanger effectiveness and just can improve the thermal efficiency.
Existing incinerator is as following two patents of invention: multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) and the middle an open question of two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2): rubbish heat treatment mode is relatively backward, just drying-burn-burn, the process of solid combustion release heat; In stove, thermal chemical reaction is based on oxidation reaction, and reduction reaction is assisted, and easily produces secondary pollution; Rubbish, when stove combustion, crosses oxygen quotient large, and First air, Secondary Air infeed amount are large, and in flue gas, dust content is higher, and affect comparatively large on heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system, easy dust stratification, exhaust gas volumn is comparatively large, reduces thermal conversion efficiency; The gasification furnace arranged separately and incinerator, can only gradation disposal of refuse, and cannot realize large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal, garbage treatment quantity is less.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and double boiler system thereof are provided, its rubbish conveying capacity is stronger, garbage treatment quantity is larger, thermal losses can be reduced and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, the organic efficiency of heat is higher, and can decreasing pollution thing discharge capacity effectively.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and double boiler system thereof, comprise double-deck refuse gasification incinerator, double boiler system, circulation air feed system,
Described double-deck refuse gasification incinerator comprises grate, described grate is disposed with feed hopper along feedstock direction, gasification furnace, described grate is also provided with incinerator, described incinerator is positioned at immediately below gasification furnace, the feedstock direction of incinerator is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace, grate part between described feed hopper discharging opening and gasification furnace charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section, grate part between described gasification furnace discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator is provided with transition and falls slag section, the transition slag section that falls can form windrow sealing state, described grate is provided with garbage pusher device, residue pusher, described garbage pusher device is positioned at the below of feed hopper, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device is stretched in windrow seal section, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in gasification furnace, described residue pusher is between gasification furnace and incinerator, the cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section, for the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace residue is pushed in incinerator, described gasification furnace, incinerator comprises furnace shell respectively, moving hearth, before described gasification furnace, rear is respectively by windrow seal section, transition fall slag section sealing, described transition fall slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, make gasification furnace, incinerator is separate, the below of described gasification furnace moving hearth and the below of described incinerator moving hearth are respectively equipped with at least one air compartment independently arranged, described gasification furnace, incinerator is respectively in the shape that arches upward, the face arch of described gasification furnace, rear arch is arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, it is corresponding with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth that the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, second exhanst gas outlet is connected by flue with corresponding air compartment, described gasification furnace, incinerator is respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole,
Described steam generator system comprises boiler body a, boiler body b, described boiler body a has cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber arranges smoke inlet, the smoke inlet of cyclone combustion chamber is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet, cyclone combustion chamber upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with some combustion airs for air port, described some combustion airs are positioned at smoke inlet for air port, between 3rd exhanst gas outlet, 3rd exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber upper end is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a, described furnace chamber a, the lower end of furnace chamber b is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet, described cyclone firing indoor are circumferentially provided with ringwise water-cooling wall a, superheater a is provided with in described furnace chamber a, evaporimeter a is provided with in furnace chamber b, the top of boiler body a arranges drum a, described cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b is all positioned at below drum a, described drum a is provided with carbonated drink import, drum a is separated steam water interface by water separator, the delivery port of drum a connects water-cooling wall a respectively by pipeline, the water inlet of evaporimeter a, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall a, the venthole of evaporimeter a connects the air intake of drum a respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum a connects the air intake of superheater a by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater a, the venthole of described superheater a exports superheated steam,
Described boiler body b comprises the evaporimeter b be set in successively from top to bottom on flue, superheater b, water-cooling wall b, the top of boiler body b arranges drum b, described evaporimeter b, superheater b, water-cooling wall b is all positioned at below drum b, described drum b is provided with carbonated drink import, drum b is separated steam water interface by water separator, the delivery port of drum b is by connecting water-cooling wall b respectively by pipeline, the water inlet of evaporimeter b, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall b, the venthole of evaporimeter b connects the air intake of drum b respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum b connects the air intake of superheater b by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater b, the venthole of described superheater b exports superheated steam,
Described circulation air feed system comprises dust arrester, first blower fan, second blower fan, first manifold, second manifold, the inlet end of described dust arrester connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of described first manifold is connected with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth, the outlet side of described dust arrester is connected by the inlet end of pipeline with the first blower fan, the outlet side of described first blower fan is communicated with furnace chamber b by pipeline, the air inlet of described second blower fan is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below an air compartment, each combustion air of cyclone combustion chamber is for air port and gasification furnace face arch, secondary on rear arch is communicated with for air port, described first manifold, each arm of the second manifold arranges control valve respectively.
Further, also comprise steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, describedly comprise condenser, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, the booster water pump of being connected successively by pipeline to water input system, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between described water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump connects the carbonated drink import of drum a, drum b by pipeline.
The steam that steam output device has not utilized all can be converted to water by condenser, and absorb the heat of steam release, the Main Function of oxygen-eliminating device is exactly remove oxygen in boiler feedwater and other gas with it, ensure the quality of feedwater, booster water pump can improve hydraulic pressure, ensure to the water supply capacity of water input system, further heat recovery can be carried out to the water that steam output device is discharged to water input system, improve heat recovery efficiency.
In order to utilize superheated steam generation, preferably, described steam output device is steam turbine.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber b carries out further heat recovery, improve heat recovery efficiency, further, described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet.
Further, be provided with economizer in described furnace chamber c, the water inlet of described economizer is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump, and the delivery port of described economizer is respectively by the carbonated drink inlet communication of pipeline and drum a, drum b.
Further, be provided with air preheater in described furnace chamber c, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber c carries out harmless treatment, further, the Waste gas outlet of described furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, and described flue gas purification system comprises aeration tower, deduster, air-introduced machine, the chimney of connecting successively along discharge directions.
In order to the waste residue of discharging furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the indoor flue gas deposition of cyclone firing produces, and prevent waste residue effusion from producing pollution, preferably, common slag notch is provided with below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this common slag notch, taper slag notch are communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace respectively.
The high-temperature flue gas produced afterwards to make burning is easily discharged, and is beneficial to the installation of pipeline, and preferably, described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall; Described 3rd exhanst gas outlet is along cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.
In order to prevent altering wind between gasification furnace, incinerator, preferably, described transition falls in slag section and is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed, and described isolating door is used for gasification furnace, incinerator to cut off.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. be provided with windrow seal section between feed hopper, gasification furnace, gasification furnace front is made to carry out windrow sealing, the transition of gasification furnace, the incinerator slag section that falls also can form windrow sealing state, make gasification furnace rear can form windrow sealing, make the heat preservation and insulation of gasification furnace better, can heat leak be prevented in refuse gasification burning process, save fuel.
2. gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, the face arch of gasification furnace, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the vault of incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, and the second exhanst gas outlet is connected with flue, and circulation air feed system is more simplified, greatly reduce the impurity in gasification furnace flue gas, can provide the flue gas of more high-quality, make the utilization rate of flue gas higher, the waste residue of discharge is less.
3. incinerator is positioned at the below of gasification furnace, substantially reduces length and the space hold of incinerator.
4. the present invention is novel, garbage treatment quantity is large, what the rubbish bed of material experienced dry, gasification and residue on stoker fired grate burns the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content is high, complicated component, improve the energy conversion efficiency in garbage processing procedure and reduce pollutant discharge amount in flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can be realized, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relative minimizing thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness, improve the thermal efficiency.
5. the first blower fan extracts the flue gas of gasification furnace First air indoor, is fed in furnace chamber b, makes full use of the waste heat that boiler body b has not utilized; Second blower fan utilizes the waste gas of discharging from furnace chamber c by air preheater, make full use of the waste heat that boiler body a has not utilized.The wind that second blower fan bloats for incinerator provides First air, and provides combustion air for cyclone combustion chamber by the second manifold, incinerator residue is fully burnt, the synthesis flue gas Thorough combustion of cyclone firing indoor.The wind that second blower fan bloats by the second manifold for gasification furnace provides Secondary Air, make rubbish in gasification furnace produce gasification, the flue gas containing a certain amount of synthesis gas in gasification furnace, discharge from the first exhanst gas outlet, enter cyclone combustion chamber processing links, cyclone combustion chamber provides high-temperature flue gas.The stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator garbage treatment quantity of this structure is large, what the rubbish bed of material can experience dry, gasification and residue on stoker fired grate burns the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content is high, complicated component, improve the energy conversion efficiency in garbage processing procedure and reduce pollutant discharge amount in flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can be realized, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relative minimizing thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness, improve the thermal efficiency.
6. this steam generator system have employed the structure of two boilers, and the synthesis flue gas of Thorough combustion first exhanst gas outlet release, utilizes the heat that smoke combustion discharges, and makes full use of the heat of the second exhanst gas outlet release, and heat trnasfer loss is less, and heat recovery efficiency is higher.Synthesis gas is more abundant in cyclone firing Indoor Combustion, and the temperature that burning produces is higher, is arranged on cyclone combustion chamber, relatively reduces the water-cooling wall a of annular thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness.The high-temperature synthesis gas flue gas of refuse gasification outlet of still enters cyclone combustion chamber, simultaneously tangential air-supplied combustion-supporting flammable synthesis gas in cyclone combustion chamber, and flue gas is successively through cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, economizer and air preheater.Recycling economizer preheating condensed water, preheating condensed water enters two boilers, condensed water heats in two water-cooling walls and two evaporimeters, form saturated vapor and enter two drums, after carbonated drink is separated, saturated vapor enters two superheaters, again add thermosetting superheated steam to export, can be used for generating, heat supply, heating etc.The present invention is novel, utilizes cyclone-burning method, decreases fly ash content in flue gas; Syngas combustion temperature is high, and gas residence time is long, and pollutant is effectively decomposed, and decreasing pollution thing discharges, and achieves the synthesis gas burning disposal after rubbish continuous gasification and heat recovery and utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is steam output device, to the structural representation of water input system;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of flue gas purification system;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of double-deck refuse gasification incinerator.
Reference numeral
1 is double-deck refuse gasification incinerator, and 101 is grate, and 102 is feed hopper, 103 is gasification furnace, and 104 is incinerator, and 105 is moving hearth, 106 is garbage pusher device, and 107 is an air compartment, and 108 is windrow seal section, 109 to fall slag section for transition, and 110 is residue pusher, and 111 is isolating door, 112 is the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 is the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 is igniting combustion supporting hole, 115 for secondary is for air port, and 116 is flue;
201 is dust arrester, and 202 is the first blower fan, and 203 is the second blower fan, and 204 is the first manifold, and 205 is the second manifold;
3 is cyclone combustion chamber, and 301 is combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 is taper slag notch, and 303 is smoke inlet, and 304 is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, and 305 for combustion air is for air port;
4 is boiler body a, and 402 is furnace chamber a, and 403 is furnace chamber b, and 404 is furnace chamber c, 405 is water-cooling wall a, and 406 is superheater a, and 407 is evaporimeter a, and 408 is drum a, 411 is steam output device, and 412 is to water input system, and 413 is condenser, and 414 is water pump, 415 is oxygen-eliminating device, and 416 is booster water pump, and 417 is moisturizing pipeline, and 418 is economizer, 419 is flue gas purification system, and 420 is aeration tower, and 421 is deduster, 422 is air-introduced machine, and 423 is chimney, and 424 is air preheater;
5 is boiler body b, and 503 is water-cooling wall b, and 504 is superheater b, and 505 is evaporimeter b, and 506 is drum b.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, be a kind of preferred embodiment of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and double boiler system thereof, comprise double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1, steam generator system, circulation air feed system 2.
See Fig. 6, comprise double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1, described double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1 comprises grate 101, described grate 101 is disposed with feed hopper 102 along feedstock direction, gasification furnace 103, described grate 101 is also provided with incinerator 104, described incinerator 104 is positioned at immediately below gasification furnace 103, the feedstock direction of incinerator 104 is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace 103, gasification furnace 103 gasifying containing charcoal part mainly to rubbish, and discharge flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, incinerator 104 mainly carries out the burning process of carbon residue, and discharge innoxious lime-ash.Grate 101 part between described feed hopper 102 discharging opening and gasification furnace 103 charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section 108, grate 101 part between described gasification furnace 103 discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator 104 is provided with transition and falls slag section 109, and the transition slag section 109 that falls can form windrow sealing state.
Described grate 101 is provided with garbage pusher device 106, described garbage pusher device 106 is positioned at the below of feed hopper 102, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device 106 is stretched in windrow seal section 108, for the rubbish in feed hopper 102 is pushed in gasification furnace 103, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device 106 advances half stroke at windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and is fallen, garbage pusher device 106 retreats, advance again, pusher forms windrow at windrow seal section 108 back and forth, gasification furnace 103 entrance is made to be in windrow sealing state, strengthen gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solve garbage pusher device 106 and feed hopper 102 easily leakage problem.When needing complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, garbage pusher device 106 is forward impelling half stroke again, is pushed completely in gasification furnace 103 by rubbish, makes gasification furnace 103 entrance lose windrow sealing effectiveness.
Described grate 101 is provided with residue pusher 110, described residue pusher 110 is between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, the cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher 110 is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section 109, for being pushed in incinerator 104 by the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace 103 residue.The transition slag section 109 that falls can be in windrow sealing state when piling up rubbish residue, strengthens gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solves the problem of wind of going here and there between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.In the present embodiment, described transition falls in slag section 109 and is provided with isolating door 111 to be opened/closed, and described isolating door 111 is for cutting off gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.At the furnace lifting initial stage or when needing to control to alter wind between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator, close isolating door 111, after the slag section that falls stacks the sealing of a certain amount of residue formation windrow, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, the residue pusher 110 arranged with below is coordinated to use, to realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
Described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 comprise furnace shell, moving hearth 105 respectively, the forward and backward side of described gasification furnace 103 seals respectively by windrow seal section 108, the transition slag section 109 that falls, the described transition slag section 109 that falls isolates gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104, makes gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 separate.The moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 all adopts the stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 of segmentation drive, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is forward lapped by moving grate plate and fixed grate plate, collect alternately and form, adjacent many groups moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, adopts a set of drive unit to drive.Stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is as the carrier of conveying garbage, and its embodiment can be all types of moving hearths 105, as chain-plate type, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc.
The below of described gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 and the below of described incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 are respectively equipped with at least one air compartment 107 independently arranged, fire grate, the drive unit corresponding with an air compartment 107 of gasification furnace 103 first half, as the dryer section of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105, the fire grate that an air compartment 107 latter half of with gasification furnace 103 is corresponding, drive unit are as the gasification section of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105.The dryer section of gasification furnace 103 siege 105, gasification section can adopt 1-2 independently air compartment 107 air feed respectively, also can adopt 3-4 independently air compartment 107 air feed respectively.Certainly, fire grate, drive unit and air compartment 107 also can not corresponding settings, better regulate the bed of material on moving hearth 105 to move and air distribution relation.Incinerator 104 can adopt 1-4 independently air compartment 107 air feed, burns rear lime-ash and gets rid of from slag notch, enter next step treatment process.
Described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 are respectively in the shape that arches upward, and in order to better adapt to the installing space in factory, the face arch of described gasification furnace 103 is flat construction, or the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is that rear end is inclined upwardly structure.The face arch of described gasification furnace 103, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port 115, the vault of described gasification furnace 103 arranges the first exhanst gas outlet 112, gasification flue gas in gasification furnace 103 is got rid of from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, gasification furnace 103 furnace cavity, compared with traditional incinerator, reduces relatively; Forward and backward arch and moving hearth 105 relative position diminish, and decrease the space that incinerator takies, and are also easier to insulation, decrease the amount of leakage of heat, be conducive to rubbish and fully gasify.It is corresponding with an air compartment 107 of the below of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 that the vault of described incinerator 104 arranges the second exhanst gas outlet 113, second exhanst gas outlet 113 is connected by flue 116 with corresponding air compartment 107, and described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 are respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole 114;
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, described steam generator system comprises boiler body a4, boiler body b5, described boiler body a4 has cyclone combustion chamber 3, furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, furnace chamber c404, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 arranges smoke inlet 303, the smoke inlet 303 of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet 112 of gasification furnace 103 by pipeline, cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, described smoke inlet 303, 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 is positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall, the top of cyclone combustion chamber 3 arranges combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole 301.Discharge from the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 after fully mixing, burning in cyclone combustion chamber 3 to make flue gas, combustion air, described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with some combustion airs for air port 305, and described some combustion airs supply air port 305 between smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304.Described smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, combustion air supply air port 305 along cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 of cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a402, the lower end of described furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403 is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b403 arranges waste gas outlet, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with the taper slag notch 302 that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this taper slag notch 302 is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.Be provided with common slag notch below described furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, this common slag notch is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.In the present embodiment, this common slag notch and taper slag notch 302 are all communicated with the afterbody changeover portion of gasification furnace 103 burner hearth.
Ringwise water-cooling wall a405 is circumferentially with along inwall in described cyclone combustion chamber 3, superheater a406 is provided with in described furnace chamber a402, evaporimeter a407 is provided with in furnace chamber b403, the top of boiler body 4 arranges drum a408, described cyclone combustion chamber 3, furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403 is all positioned at below drum a408, described drum a408 is provided with carbonated drink import, for inputting steam water interface, water separator is provided with in drum a408, for separating of steam water interface, the delivery port of drum a408 is by connecting water-cooling wall a405 respectively by pipeline, the water inlet of evaporimeter a407, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall a405, the venthole of evaporimeter a407 connects the air intake of drum a408 respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum a408 connects the air intake of superheater a406 by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater a406, the venthole of described superheater a406 exports superheated steam.
Described boiler body b5 comprises the evaporimeter b505 be set in successively from top to bottom on flue, superheater b504, water-cooling wall b503, the top of boiler body b arranges drum b506, described evaporimeter b, superheater b, water-cooling wall b is all positioned at below drum b, described drum b506 is provided with carbonated drink import, drum b506 is separated steam water interface by water separator, the delivery port of drum b506 is by connecting water-cooling wall b503 respectively by pipeline, the water inlet of evaporimeter b505, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall b503, the venthole of evaporimeter b505 connects the air intake of drum b506 respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum b506 connects the air intake of superheater b504 by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater b504, the venthole of described superheater b504 exports superheated steam.
See Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, steam generator system also comprises steam output device 411, to water input system 412, in the present embodiment, described steam output device 411 is steam turbine.The venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device 411, described water input system 412 of giving comprises condenser 413, water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, the booster water pump 416 of being connected successively by pipeline, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline 417 between described water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, the water inlet of described condenser 413 connects the discharge outlet of steam output device 411 by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump 416 connects the carbonated drink import of drum a408, drum b respectively by pipeline.
The upper end of described furnace chamber c404 is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b403 upper end, the lower end of furnace chamber c404 arranges Waste gas outlet, economizer 418, air preheater is provided with in described furnace chamber c404, the water inlet of described economizer 418 is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump 416, the delivery port of described economizer 418 and the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum 408.See Fig. 5, the Waste gas outlet of furnace chamber c404 connects flue gas purification system 419, and described flue gas purification system 419 comprises aeration tower 420, deduster 421, air-introduced machine 422, the chimney 423 of connecting successively along discharge directions.
Described circulation air feed system comprises dust arrester 201, first blower fan 202, second blower fan 203, first manifold 204, second manifold 205, and preferably, described dust arrester 201 is cyclone separator or hot precipitator; Described first blower fan 202 is high-temperature blower, is beneficial to and works in high temperature environments, and described second blower fan 203 is air blast.The inlet end of described dust arrester 201 connects the house steward of the first manifold 204, the described arm of the first manifold 204 is connected with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth, the outlet side of described dust arrester 201 is connected by the inlet end of pipeline with the first blower fan 202, the outlet side of described first blower fan 202 is communicated with furnace chamber b by pipeline, the air inlet of described second blower fan 203 is communicated with material pit air, the gas outlet of described second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, the arm of described second manifold 205 respectively with incinerator moving hearth below an air compartment, each combustion air of cyclone combustion chamber is for air port and gasification furnace face arch, secondary on rear arch is communicated with for air port, described first manifold 204, each arm of the second manifold 205 arranges control valve respectively.In the present embodiment, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
Incinerator 104 First air is: the air of certain pressure blasts in an air compartment 107 corresponding below stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 by the second manifold by air blast, again by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, carry out residual burning, regulate wind supply quantity by the control valve on corresponding arm.Gasification furnace 103 First air is: the flue gas that incinerator 104 produces enters in an air compartment 107 corresponding below gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 through flue 116, again by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, gasify, regulate wind supply quantity by the control valve on each arm of correspondence.Gasification furnace 103 Secondary Air is: the air of certain pressure is blasted gasification furnace 103 burner hearth by the second manifold by air blast, and its spray-hole is arranged on gasification furnace 103 face arch and rear arch.Forward and backward arch is provided with secondary for air port 115, improves gasification efficiency, strengthen polymer substance in flue gas and decompose.The igniting combustion supporting hole 114 that gasification furnace rear arch has, in furnace lifting, baker and stable gasification furnace 103, temperature uses, and air blast also provides cyclone combustion chamber combustion-supporting air feed by the second manifold.
The origin of heat that boiler body a reclaims is in the high-temperature synthesis gas flue gas of refuse gasification outlet of still, synthesis gas flue gas enters cyclone combustion chamber, tangential air-supplied combustion-supporting flammable synthesis gas in cyclone combustion chamber simultaneously, flue gas is successively through cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, economizer and air preheater.
The high-temperature flue gas of origin of heat after refuse gasification after residual burning that boiler body b reclaims, flue gas enters the flue of a gasification furnace air feed, flue gas is successively through water-cooling wall, superheater, evaporimeter, for gasification furnace provides gasifying agent, then by high-temperature blower, indoor for First air unnecessary flue gas is introduced dust arrester, after dedusting, feed furnace chamber b.
Recycling economizer preheating condensed water, preheating condensed water enters boiler body a and boiler body b, condensed water heats in water-cooling wall and evaporimeter, form saturated vapor and enter drum, after carbonated drink is separated, saturated vapor enters superheater, again add thermosetting superheated steam to export, can be used for generating, heat supply, heating etc.
A waste disposal method for double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and double boiler system thereof, the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Steps A, close the gate that double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1 ventilates with air, start double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1, garbage raw material is dropped into feed hopper 102, garbage pusher device 106 pusher back and forth, the garbage raw material fallen from feed hopper 102 is pushed feed hopper 102, windrow seal section 108 between gasification furnace 103, windrow seal section 108 is made to form windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works, rubbish is conveyed into transition to fall slag section 109, residue pusher 110 pusher back and forth, rubbish transition fallen in slag section 109 pushes in incinerator 104, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 works conveying garbage, until rubbish is at gasification furnace 103, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 is accumulated to required thickness: 0.6-0.8m, , during baker, the rubbish piled up can protect moving hearth 105, prevent scaling loss siege 105.Stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 quits work, then, communicate with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively with the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of start-up burner by gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, under the effect of start-up burner, furnace lifting, baker are carried out to gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, treats that this process stabilization completes, make gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 burner hearth reach predetermined temperature 600-700 DEG C; The object of baker is to remove Natural Water in lining and the crystallization water, in order to avoid when going into operation because furnace temperature rises too fast, moisture content expands in a large number to cause body of heater spalling, bubbling or be out of shape even furnace wall and collapses, and affects intensity and the service life of heating furnace furnace wall.
Step B, start and regulate circulation air feed system 2, regulate gasification furnace 103, technological parameter (the pusher speed of incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure in stove, thickness of feed layer etc.), feed intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works conveying garbage, rubbish starts to burn in the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue transition fall slag section 109 place pile up formed windrow sealing, the burner hearth combustion state temperature of gasification furnace 103 is made to be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 works and exports the rubbish residue after burning.
Step C, regulate gasification furnace 103, each technological parameter (pusher speed of incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure in stove, thickness of feed layer etc.), gasification furnace 103 gasifies to rubbish gradually, regulate each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber 3 simultaneously, gasification temperature is stabilized between 700-800 DEG C, make the stable high-temperature flue gas produced containing 10%-20% synthesis gas of gasification furnace 103, gasification furnace 103 vaporized state is stable carries out low temperature, middle temperature or high-temperature gasification.Make incinerator 104 fired state temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, high-temperature flue gas enters gasification furnace air compartment from the second exhanst gas outlet correspondence, feed gasification furnace, and cyclone combustion chamber 3 the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 temperature stabilization is to more than 850 DEG C, realizes rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
Step D, need overhaul or blowing out time, stopping feeds intake, regulate the technological parameter of gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104, cyclone combustion chamber 3 and circulation air feed system 2, gasification furnace 103 is made to return to fired state gradually, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, close double-deck refuse gasification incinerator 1 and circulation air feed system 2.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (10)
1. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and a double boiler system thereof, is characterized in that: comprise double-deck refuse gasification incinerator, double boiler system, circulation air feed system,
Described double-deck refuse gasification incinerator comprises grate, described grate is disposed with feed hopper along feedstock direction, gasification furnace, described grate is also provided with incinerator, described incinerator is positioned at immediately below gasification furnace, the feedstock direction of incinerator is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace, grate part between described feed hopper discharging opening and gasification furnace charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section, grate part between described gasification furnace discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator is provided with transition and falls slag section, the transition slag section that falls can form windrow sealing state, described grate is provided with garbage pusher device, residue pusher, described garbage pusher device is positioned at the below of feed hopper, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device is stretched in windrow seal section, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in gasification furnace, described residue pusher is between gasification furnace and incinerator, the cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section, for the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace residue is pushed in incinerator, described gasification furnace, incinerator comprises furnace shell respectively, moving hearth, before described gasification furnace, rear is respectively by windrow seal section, transition fall slag section sealing, described transition fall slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, make gasification furnace, incinerator is separate, the below of described gasification furnace moving hearth and the below of described incinerator moving hearth are respectively equipped with at least one air compartment independently arranged, described gasification furnace, incinerator is respectively in the shape that arches upward, the face arch of described gasification furnace, rear arch is arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, it is corresponding with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth that the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, second exhanst gas outlet is connected by flue with corresponding air compartment, described gasification furnace, incinerator is respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole,
Described steam generator system comprises boiler body a, boiler body b, described boiler body a has cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber arranges smoke inlet, the smoke inlet of cyclone combustion chamber is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet, cyclone combustion chamber upper end is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with some combustion airs for air port, described some combustion airs are positioned at smoke inlet for air port, between 3rd exhanst gas outlet, 3rd exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber upper end is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a, described furnace chamber a, the lower end of furnace chamber b is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet, described cyclone firing indoor are circumferentially provided with ringwise water-cooling wall a, superheater a is provided with in described furnace chamber a, evaporimeter a is provided with in furnace chamber b, the top of boiler body a arranges drum a, described cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b is all positioned at below drum a, described drum a is provided with carbonated drink import, drum a is separated steam water interface by water separator, the delivery port of drum a connects water-cooling wall a respectively by pipeline, the water inlet of evaporimeter a, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall a, the venthole of evaporimeter a connects the air intake of drum a respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum a connects the air intake of superheater a by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater a, the venthole of described superheater a exports superheated steam,
Described boiler body b comprises the evaporimeter b be set in successively from top to bottom on flue, superheater b, water-cooling wall b, the top of boiler body b arranges drum b, described evaporimeter b, superheater b, water-cooling wall b is all positioned at below drum b, described drum b is provided with carbonated drink import, drum b is separated steam water interface by water separator, the delivery port of drum b is by connecting water-cooling wall b respectively by pipeline, the water inlet of evaporimeter b, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall b, the venthole of evaporimeter b connects the air intake of drum b respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum b connects the air intake of superheater b by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater b, the venthole of described superheater b exports superheated steam,
Described circulation air feed system comprises dust arrester, first blower fan, second blower fan, first manifold, second manifold, the inlet end of described dust arrester connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of described first manifold is connected with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth, the outlet side of described dust arrester is connected by the inlet end of pipeline with the first blower fan, the outlet side of described first blower fan is communicated with furnace chamber b by pipeline, the air inlet of described second blower fan is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below an air compartment, each combustion air of cyclone combustion chamber is for air port and gasification furnace face arch, secondary on rear arch is communicated with for air port, described first manifold, each arm of the second manifold arranges control valve respectively.
2. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 1 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: also comprise steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, describedly comprise the condenser of being connected successively by pipeline to water input system, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, booster water pump, described water pump, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump connects drum a by pipeline, the carbonated drink import of drum b.
3. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 2 and double boiler system thereof, is characterized in that: described steam output device is steam turbine.
4. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 2 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet.
5. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 4 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: in described furnace chamber c, be provided with economizer, the water inlet of described economizer is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump, and the delivery port of described economizer is respectively by the carbonated drink inlet communication of pipeline and drum a, drum b.
6. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 4 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: in described furnace chamber c, be provided with air preheater, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the second manifold.
7. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 4 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: the Waste gas outlet of described furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, and described flue gas purification system comprises aeration tower, deduster, air-introduced machine, the chimney of connecting successively along discharge directions.
8. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 1 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, be provided with common slag notch, the upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this common slag notch, taper slag notch are communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace respectively.
9. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 1 and double boiler system thereof, is characterized in that: described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall; Described 3rd exhanst gas outlet is along cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.
10. double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 1 and double boiler system thereof, is characterized in that: described transition falls in slag section and is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed, and described isolating door is used for gasification furnace, incinerator to cut off.
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