CN105423306A - Double-layer mechanical grate type waste gasifying incinerator and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Double-layer mechanical grate type waste gasifying incinerator and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105423306A CN105423306A CN201511008607.5A CN201511008607A CN105423306A CN 105423306 A CN105423306 A CN 105423306A CN 201511008607 A CN201511008607 A CN 201511008607A CN 105423306 A CN105423306 A CN 105423306A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/40—Gasification
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-layer mechanical grate type waste gasifying incinerator and a processing method thereof. The gasifying incinerator comprises a feeding bin, a gasifying furnace and an ember furnace. The ember furnace is located under the gasifying furnace. The feeding direction of the ember furnace is opposite to that of the gasifying furnace. A piled material sealing section is arranged between the feeding bin and the gasifying furnace. A residue pusher is arranged between the gasifying furnace and the ember furnace. The upper end of the gasifying furnace and the upper end of the ember furnace protrude upwards and are each provided with a smoke outlet. The waste processing method comprises the steps that A, the incinerator is started and heated; B, waste is burned in a hearth of the gasifying furnace; C, continuous waste gasifying and incineration processing is achieved; and D, after the waste and waste residues are burned out, the double-layer mechanical grate type waste gasifying incinerator is turned off. By using the double-layer mechanical grate type waste gasifying incinerator for waste processing, the waste processing capacity is larger, the heat recycling efficiency is high, and the pollutant discharge amount can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and processing method thereof.
Background technology
Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly contains burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc.The advantages such as in garbage disposal routine techniques, it is obvious that burning disposal has reduced training, and thoroughly innoxious, occupation of land amount is little, and waste heat energy is utilized, and secondary pollution is few, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But along with domestic and international improving constantly environmental requirement, how to strengthen the control of secondary pollution particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is shifted onto on the road of industrial applications gradually, what particularly mainly adopt now for domestic rubbish is all kinds of incineration technologies, and the industrialization widely of gasification burning technology is regenerated bringing the technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry.
For many years, China, to the scientific research of the gasification burning such as living beings, rubbish technology, is in progress a lot of, and the basic research in laboratory is a lot, also has application study, as the destructive gasifying of: rotary kiln type, vertical and fluidized bed type or temperature gasification and high fusion technology etc.But Technique Popularizing application is upper or there is a definite limitation, and raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economic benefit etc. are principal elements.
In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, its application accounts for more than 80% of the whole world waste incineration total market size, wherein has and adopt mechanical type backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate in body of heater, also has and adopts the fire grate such as chain-plate type and drum-type.
In sum, typical incinerator, respectively has himself advantage, but in China's practical application, need the problem and shortage of solution:
1. the characteristic such as, complicated component high for China's house refuse water content, the technology of moving hearth uses, and needs emphasis to consider to the conveying capacity of rubbish.
2. being on the increase along with refuse production, sanitary fill is as mountain, and garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, could meeting the market requirement.
3., in the face of strict pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution controls to be the key problem technically needing to solve.
4., in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.Existing rubbish heat treatment technics adopts boiler develops steam vapor to shift steam turbine power generation onto usually, and whole transition heat efficiency losses is comparatively large, processes identical quantity of refuse, relatively reduces thermal losses and improves heat exchanger effectiveness and just can improve the thermal efficiency.
Existing incinerator is as following two patents of invention: multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) and the middle an open question of two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2): rubbish heat treatment mode is relatively backward, just drying-burn-burn, the process of solid combustion release heat; In stove, thermal chemical reaction is based on oxidation reaction, and reduction reaction is assisted, and easily produces secondary pollution; Rubbish, when stove combustion, crosses oxygen quotient large, and First air, Secondary Air infeed amount are large, and in flue gas, dust content is higher, and affect comparatively large on heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system, easy dust stratification, exhaust gas volumn is comparatively large, reduces thermal conversion efficiency; The gasification furnace arranged separately and incinerator, can only gradation disposal of refuse, and cannot realize large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal, garbage treatment quantity is less.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and processing method thereof are provided, use this double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator disposal of refuse, rubbish conveying capacity is stronger, garbage treatment quantity is larger, can reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, the organic efficiency of heat is higher, and can decreasing pollution thing discharge capacity effectively.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, comprise grate, described grate is disposed with feed hopper along feedstock direction, gasification furnace, described grate is also provided with incinerator, described incinerator is positioned at immediately below gasification furnace, the feedstock direction of incinerator is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace, grate part between described feed hopper discharging opening and gasification furnace charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section, grate part between described gasification furnace discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator is provided with transition and falls slag section, the transition slag section that falls can form windrow sealing state, described grate is provided with garbage pusher device, residue pusher, described garbage pusher device is positioned at the below of feed hopper, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device is stretched in windrow seal section, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in gasification furnace, described residue pusher is between gasification furnace and incinerator, the cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section, for the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace residue is pushed in incinerator,
Described gasification furnace, incinerator comprise furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of described gasification furnace to fall the sealing of slag section respectively by windrow seal section, transition, and described transition falls the isolation of slag section gasification furnace, incinerator, makes gasification furnace, incinerator separate.
In order to gasification furnace, incinerator carries out once, secondary air feed, and to gasification furnace, the flue gas that incinerator produces processes respectively, the below of described gasification furnace moving hearth and the below of described incinerator moving hearth are respectively equipped with at least one air compartment independently arranged, described gasification furnace, incinerator is respectively in the shape that arches upward, the face arch of described gasification furnace, rear arch is arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, it is corresponding with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth that the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, second exhanst gas outlet is connected by flue with corresponding air compartment.In order to light a fire to gasification furnace, incinerator respectively, described gasification furnace, incinerator are respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole.
In order to again utilize after the flue gas ash removal in incinerator, reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, make the organic efficiency of heat higher, preferably, also comprise dust arrester, described dust arrester is positioned at the top of incinerator, and the inlet end of dust arrester is connected with the second exhanst gas outlet by pipeline.
In order to effectively carry out dedusting to the high-temperature flue gas that incinerator is discharged, preferably, described dust arrester is cyclone separator or hot precipitator.
In order to prevent altering wind between gasification furnace, incinerator, preferably, described transition falls in slag section and is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed, and described isolating door is used for gasification furnace, incinerator to cut off.At the furnace lifting initial stage or when needing to control to alter wind between gasification furnace and incinerator, close isolating door, after the slag section that falls stacks the sealing of a certain amount of residue formation windrow, isolating door can be kept to open, the residue pusher arranged with below is coordinated to use, to realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
In order to reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, make the organic efficiency of heat higher, preferably, also comprise the cyclone combustion chamber for second-time burning, the upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, the top of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges smoke inlet, described smoke inlet is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, the bottom of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, the circumferential wall of described cyclone combustion chamber is evenly provided with some combustion airs for air port, each combustion air is all positioned at smoke inlet for air port, between 3rd exhanst gas outlet.
The high-temperature flue gas produced afterwards to make burning is easily discharged, and is beneficial to the installation of pipeline, and preferably, described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall.
In order to make flue gas, combustion air discharge from the 3rd exhanst gas outlet after the indoor fully mixing of cyclone firing, burning, preferably, described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, combustion air air feed opening's edge cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall are radial or tangentially arrange.
A processing method for double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Steps A, close the gate that double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and air ventilate, start double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, garbage raw material is dropped into feed hopper, garbage pusher device pusher back and forth, the garbage raw material fallen from feed hopper is pushed feed hopper, windrow seal section between gasification furnace, windrow seal section is made to form windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth of gasification furnace, the moving hearth work of gasification furnace, rubbish is conveyed into transition to fall slag section, residue pusher pusher back and forth, rubbish transition fallen in slag section pushes in incinerator, the moving hearth work conveying garbage of incinerator, until rubbish is at gasification furnace, the moving hearth of incinerator is accumulated to required thickness, stop feeding intake to feed hopper, the moving hearth of gasification furnace and incinerator quits work, then, communicate with the burner hearth of gasification furnace and incinerator respectively with the igniting combustion supporting hole of start-up burner by gasification furnace and incinerator, under the effect of start-up burner, furnace lifting is carried out to gasification furnace and incinerator, baker, treat that this process stabilization completes, gasification furnace and incinerator burner hearth is made to reach predetermined temperature 600-700 DEG C,
The technological parameter of step B, adjustment gasification furnace, incinerator, feed intake to feed hopper, the moving hearth work conveying garbage of gasification furnace, rubbish starts to burn in the burner hearth of gasification furnace, rubbish residue transition fall slag section place pile up formed windrow sealing, make the burner hearth combustion state temperature of gasification furnace be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the moving hearth work of incinerator exports the rubbish residue after burning;
Each technological parameter of step C, adjustment gasification furnace, incinerator, gasification furnace is gasified to rubbish gradually, gasification furnace is made to stablize the high-temperature flue gas produced containing 10%-20% synthesis gas, make incinerator fired state temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, high-temperature flue gas enters gasification furnace air compartment from the second exhanst gas outlet correspondence, feed gasification furnace, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal;
Step D, need overhaul or blowing out time, stop feeding intake, regulate gasification furnace, incinerator technological parameter, make gasification furnace return to fired state gradually, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, close double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator.
In order to cyclone combustion chamber and incinerator comprehensively be controlled, preferably, in step C, each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber need be regulated, make cyclone combustion chamber the 3rd flue gas exit temperature be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C; In step D, need regulate each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber simultaneously, make gasification furnace return to fired state gradually, gas to be synthesized burns rear closedown cyclone combustion chamber.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. be provided with windrow seal section between feed hopper, gasification furnace, gasification furnace front is made to carry out windrow sealing, the transition of gasification furnace, the incinerator slag section that falls also can form windrow sealing state, make gasification furnace rear can form windrow sealing, make the heat preservation and insulation of gasification furnace better, can heat leak be prevented in refuse gasification burning process, save fuel.
2. gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, the face arch of gasification furnace, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the vault of incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, and the air compartment that the second exhanst gas outlet is corresponding with the below of gasification furnace moving hearth is connected by pipeline, and circulation air feed system is more simplified, greatly reduce the impurity in gasification furnace flue gas, can provide the flue gas of more high-quality, make the utilization rate of flue gas higher, the waste residue of discharge is less.
3. incinerator is positioned at the below of gasification furnace, substantially reduces length and the space hold of incinerator.
4. the present invention is novel, garbage treatment quantity is large, what the rubbish bed of material experienced dry, gasification and residue on stoker fired grate burns the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content is high, complicated component, improve the energy conversion efficiency in garbage processing procedure and reduce pollutant discharge amount in flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can be realized, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relative minimizing thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness, improve the thermal efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention uses central structural representation.
Reference numeral
1 is double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, and 101 is grate, and 102 is feed hopper, 103 is gasification furnace, and 104 is incinerator, and 105 is moving hearth, 106 is garbage pusher device, and 107 is an air compartment, and 108 is windrow seal section, 109 to fall slag section for transition, and 110 is residue pusher, and 111 is isolating door, 112 is the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 is the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 is igniting combustion supporting hole, 115 for secondary is for air port, and 116 is flue;
2 is circulation air feed system, and 201 is dust arrester, and 202 is the first blower fan, 203 is the second blower fan, 204 is the first manifold, and 205 is the second manifold, and 206 is the 3rd manifold, 207 is the first control valve, 208 is the second control valve, and 209 is the 3rd control valve, and 210 is the 4th manifold, 211 is the 4th control valve, and 212 is the 5th control valve;
3 is cyclone combustion chamber, and 301 is combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 is taper slag notch, and 303 is smoke inlet, and 304 is the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, and 305 for combustion air is for air port.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1, for a kind of preferred embodiment of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, comprise grate 101, described grate 101 is disposed with feed hopper 102 along feedstock direction, gasification furnace 103, described grate 101 is also provided with incinerator 104, described incinerator 104 is positioned at immediately below gasification furnace 103, the feedstock direction of incinerator 104 is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace 103, gasification furnace 103 gasifying containing charcoal part mainly to rubbish, and discharge flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, incinerator 104 mainly carries out the burning process of carbon residue, and discharge innoxious lime-ash.Grate 101 part between described feed hopper 102 discharging opening and gasification furnace 103 charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section 108, grate 101 part between described gasification furnace 103 discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator 104 is provided with transition and falls slag section 109, and the transition slag section 109 that falls can form windrow sealing state.
Described grate 101 is provided with garbage pusher device 106, described garbage pusher device 106 is positioned at the below of feed hopper 102, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device 106 is stretched in windrow seal section 108, for the rubbish in feed hopper 102 is pushed in gasification furnace 103, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device 106 advances half stroke at windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and is fallen, garbage pusher device 106 retreats, advance again, pusher forms windrow at windrow seal section 108 back and forth, gasification furnace 103 entrance is made to be in windrow sealing state, strengthen gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solve garbage pusher device 106 and feed hopper 102 easily leakage problem.When needing complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, garbage pusher device 106 is forward impelling half stroke again, is pushed completely in gasification furnace 103 by rubbish, makes gasification furnace 103 entrance lose windrow sealing effectiveness.
Described grate 101 is provided with residue pusher 110, described residue pusher 110 is between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, the cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher 110 is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section 109, for being pushed in incinerator 104 by the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace 103 residue.The transition slag section 109 that falls can be in windrow sealing state when piling up rubbish residue, strengthens gasification furnace 103 sealing effectiveness, solves the problem of wind of going here and there between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.In the present embodiment, described transition falls in slag section 109 and is provided with isolating door 111 to be opened/closed, and described isolating door 111 is for cutting off gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.At the furnace lifting initial stage or when needing to control to alter wind between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator, close isolating door 111, after the slag section that falls stacks the sealing of a certain amount of residue formation windrow, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, the residue pusher 110 arranged with below is coordinated to use, to realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
Described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 comprise furnace shell, moving hearth 105 respectively, the forward and backward side of described gasification furnace 103 seals respectively by windrow seal section 108, the transition slag section 109 that falls, the described transition slag section 109 that falls isolates gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104, makes gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 separate.The moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 all adopts the stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 of segmentation drive, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is forward lapped by moving grate plate and fixed grate plate, collect alternately and form, adjacent many groups moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, adopts a set of drive unit to drive.Stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is as the carrier of conveying garbage, and its embodiment can be all types of moving hearths 105, as chain-plate type, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc.
The below of described gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 and the below of described incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 are respectively equipped with at least one air compartment 107 independently arranged, fire grate, the drive unit corresponding with an air compartment 107 of gasification furnace 103 first half, as the dryer section of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105, the fire grate that an air compartment 107 latter half of with gasification furnace 103 is corresponding, drive unit are as the gasification section of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105.The dryer section of gasification furnace 103 siege 105, gasification section can adopt 1-2 independently air compartment 107 air feed respectively, also can adopt 3-4 independently air compartment 107 air feed respectively.Certainly, fire grate, drive unit and air compartment 107 also can not corresponding settings, better regulate the bed of material on moving hearth 105 to move and air distribution relation.Incinerator 104 can adopt 1-4 independently air compartment 107 air feed, burns rear lime-ash and gets rid of from slag notch, enter next step treatment process.
Described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 are respectively in the shape that arches upward, and in order to better adapt to the installing space in factory, the face arch of described gasification furnace 103 is flat construction, or the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is that rear end is inclined upwardly structure.The face arch of described gasification furnace 103, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port 115, the vault of described gasification furnace 103 arranges the first exhanst gas outlet 112, gasification flue gas in gasification furnace 103 is got rid of from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, gasification furnace 103 furnace cavity, compared with traditional incinerator, reduces relatively; Forward and backward arch and moving hearth 105 relative position diminish, and decrease the space that incinerator takies, and are also easier to insulation, decrease the amount of leakage of heat, be conducive to rubbish and fully gasify.It is corresponding with an air compartment 107 of the below of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 that the vault of described incinerator 104 arranges the second exhanst gas outlet 113, second exhanst gas outlet 113 is connected by flue 116 with corresponding air compartment 107, and described gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 are respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole 114;
See Fig. 3, in order to effectively carry out dedusting to the high-temperature flue gas that incinerator 104 is discharged, also comprise dust arrester 201, the inlet end of described dust arrester is connected with flue by pipeline.Preferably, described dust arrester 201 is cyclone separator or hot precipitator;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber 3.The upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole 301, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with the taper slag notch 302 that radius from top to bottom diminishes, the top of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall arranges smoke inlet 303, the bottom of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall arranges the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304, the circumferential wall of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is evenly provided with some combustion airs for air port 305, each combustion air supplies air port 305 all between smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304.Described smoke inlet 303, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall; Described 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 is along cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.The smoke inlet 303 of cyclone combustion chamber 3 and to be combustion-supportingly all arranged in cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall for air port, can be that flue gas in cyclone combustion chamber 3 and air mixture time are longer, mix more even, burn more fully.The combustion-supporting air feed of cyclone combustion chamber 3 is that the air of certain pressure is blasted combustion-supporting injection for air port and enters cyclone combustion chamber 3 by air blast, and combustion-supporting air feed approach axis can be radial or tangential; Carry out syngas combustion.
See Fig. 3, double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator is by circulation air feed system 2 air feed, described circulation air feed system 2 comprises the first blower fan 202, second blower fan 203 and described dust arrester 201, work in high temperature environments to be beneficial to, described first blower fan 202 is high-temperature blower, and described second blower fan 203 is air blast.The inlet end of described dust arrester 201 connects the house steward of the 4th manifold 210, the arm of described 4th manifold 210 is connected with an air compartment 107 of the below of gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105, the arm of described 4th manifold 210 arranges the 4th control valve 211, the outlet side of described dust arrester 201 is connected by the inlet end of pipeline with the first blower fan 202, the outlet side of described first blower fan 202 connects the house steward of the first manifold 204, the arm of described first manifold 204 respectively with gasification furnace 103 face arch, secondary on rear arch is communicated with for air port 115, each arm of described first manifold 204 arranges the first control valve 207 respectively, the air inlet of described second blower fan 203 is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, the arm of described second manifold 205 is communicated with an air compartment 107 below flue 116 and incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 respectively, each arm of described second manifold 205 arranges the second control valve 208 respectively.
The second control valve that air blast blasts air provides First air to pass through on corresponding pipeline for incinerator regulates wind supply quantity, and incinerator residue is fully burnt, air blast blasts air for flue 116 provides temperature adjustment air feed, wind supply quantity is regulated by the second control valve on corresponding pipeline, an air compartment of flue 116 pairs of gasification furnaces is made to provide the First air of preference temperature, then, high-temperature blower extracts the flue gas of the First air indoor of gasification furnace, the blast of flue gas is regulated by the 4th control valve on the 4th manifold arm, after temperature-adjustment pressure-adjustment and cyclone collection flying dust, form the Secondary Air of the flue gas supply gasification furnace of certain pressure, wind supply quantity is regulated by the first control valve on the corresponding arm of the first manifold, rubbish in gasification furnace is made to produce gasification, flue gas containing a certain amount of synthesis gas, discharge from the first exhanst gas outlet, enter cyclone combustion chamber processing links, cyclone combustion chamber provides high-temperature flue gas.
Gasification furnace 103 First air is: the flue gas that incinerator 104 produces enters in an air compartment 107 corresponding below gasification furnace 103 moving hearth 105 through flue 116, again by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, gasify, regulate wind supply quantity by the first control valve 207 on each arm of correspondence.Gasification furnace 103 Secondary Air is: high-temperature blower extracts the flue gas in an air compartment 107 of gasification furnace 103, the blast of flue gas is regulated by the 4th control valve on the 4th manifold arm, after temperature-adjustment pressure-adjustment and cyclone collection flying dust, the flue gas forming certain pressure blasts gasification furnace 103 burner hearth, and its spray-hole is arranged on gasification furnace 103 face arch and rear arch.Forward and backward arch is provided with secondary for air port 115, improves gasification efficiency, strengthen polymer substance in flue gas and decompose.The igniting combustion supporting hole 114 that gasification furnace rear arch has, in furnace lifting, baker and stable gasification furnace 103, temperature uses.Incinerator 104 First air is: the air of certain pressure blasts in an air compartment 107 corresponding below stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 by air blast, again by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, carry out residual burning, regulate wind supply quantity by the second control valve 208 on each arm of correspondence.
Also comprise the 3rd manifold 206, the house steward of described 3rd manifold 206 is communicated with the gas outlet of the second blower fan 203, each arm of described 3rd manifold 206 is communicated with for air port 305 with each combustion air respectively, each arm of the 3rd manifold 206 is arranged respectively the 3rd control valve 209.Simultaneously, the flue gas generation certain pressure of high-temperature blower extraction incinerator 104 blasts the secondary air chamber on an air compartment 107 corresponding below gasification furnace 103 stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 and the forward and backward arch of gasification furnace 103, that extracts to utilize high-temperature blower has not utilized remainder flue gas, preferably, described first manifold 204 also has an arm be connected with cyclone combustion chamber smoke inlet, and this arm is provided with the 5th control valve 212.What high-temperature blower extracted has not utilized remainder flue gas, sprayed by cyclone combustion chamber 3 smoke inlet again and enter cyclone combustion chamber 3, carry out syngas combustion, wind supply quantity is regulated by the 5th control valve 212, this structure can reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, substantially increase the organic efficiency of heat, and can decreasing pollution thing discharge capacity effectively.
A processing method for double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Steps A, close the gate that double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 ventilates with air, start double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1, garbage raw material is dropped into feed hopper 102, garbage pusher device 106 pusher back and forth, the garbage raw material fallen from feed hopper 102 is pushed feed hopper 102, windrow seal section 108 between gasification furnace 103, windrow seal section 108 is made to form windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works, rubbish is conveyed into transition to fall slag section 109, residue pusher 110 pusher back and forth, rubbish transition fallen in slag section 109 pushes in incinerator 104, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 works conveying garbage, until rubbish is at gasification furnace 103, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 is accumulated to required thickness: 0.6-0.8m, , during baker, the rubbish piled up can protect moving hearth 105, prevent scaling loss siege 105.Stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 quits work, then, communicate with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively with the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of start-up burner by gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, under the effect of start-up burner, furnace lifting, baker are carried out to gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, treats that this process stabilization completes, make gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 burner hearth reach predetermined temperature 600-700 DEG C; The object of baker is to remove Natural Water in lining and the crystallization water, in order to avoid when going into operation because furnace temperature rises too fast, moisture content expands in a large number to cause body of heater spalling, bubbling or be out of shape even furnace wall and collapses, and affects intensity and the service life of heating furnace furnace wall.
Step B, start and regulate circulation air feed system 2, regulate gasification furnace 103, technological parameter (the pusher speed of incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure in stove, thickness of feed layer etc.), feed intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works conveying garbage, rubbish starts to burn in the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue transition fall slag section 109 place pile up formed windrow sealing, the burner hearth combustion state temperature of gasification furnace 103 is made to be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 works and exports the rubbish residue after burning.
Step C, regulate gasification furnace 103, each technological parameter (pusher speed of incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure in stove, thickness of feed layer etc.), gasification furnace 103 gasifies to rubbish gradually, regulate each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber 3 simultaneously, gasification temperature is stabilized between 700-800 DEG C, make the stable high-temperature flue gas produced containing 10%-20% synthesis gas of gasification furnace 103, gasification furnace 103 vaporized state is stable carries out low temperature, middle temperature or high-temperature gasification.Make incinerator 104 fired state temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, high-temperature flue gas enters gasification furnace air compartment from the second exhanst gas outlet correspondence, feed gasification furnace, and cyclone combustion chamber 3 the 3rd exhanst gas outlet 304 temperature stabilization is to more than 850 DEG C, realizes rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
Step D, need overhaul or blowing out time, stopping feeds intake, regulate the technological parameter of gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104, cyclone combustion chamber 3 and circulation air feed system 2, gasification furnace 103 is made to return to fired state gradually, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, close double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and circulation air feed system 2.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, it is characterized in that: comprise grate, described grate is disposed with feed hopper along feedstock direction, gasification furnace, described grate is also provided with incinerator, described incinerator is positioned at immediately below gasification furnace, the feedstock direction of incinerator is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace, grate part between described feed hopper discharging opening and gasification furnace charging aperture is provided with windrow seal section, grate part between described gasification furnace discharging opening and the charging aperture of incinerator is provided with transition and falls slag section, the transition slag section that falls can form windrow sealing state, described grate is provided with garbage pusher device, residue pusher, described garbage pusher device is positioned at the below of feed hopper, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device is stretched in windrow seal section, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in gasification furnace, described residue pusher is between gasification furnace and incinerator, the cutting somebody's hair of residue pusher is stretched into transition and is fallen in slag section, for the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace residue is pushed in incinerator,
Described gasification furnace, incinerator comprise furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of described gasification furnace to fall the sealing of slag section respectively by windrow seal section, transition, and described transition falls the isolation of slag section gasification furnace, incinerator, makes gasification furnace, incinerator separate.
2. one according to claim 1 double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, it is characterized in that: the below of described gasification furnace moving hearth and the below of described incinerator moving hearth are respectively equipped with at least one air compartment independently arranged, described gasification furnace, incinerator is respectively in the shape that arches upward, the face arch of described gasification furnace, rear arch is arranged respectively secondary for air port, the vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, it is corresponding with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth that the vault of described incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, second exhanst gas outlet is connected by flue with corresponding air compartment, described gasification furnace, incinerator is respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole.
3. one according to claim 2 double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, is characterized in that: also comprise dust arrester, and the inlet end of described dust arrester is connected with flue by pipeline.
4. one according to claim 3 double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, is characterized in that: described dust arrester is cyclone separator or hot precipitator.
5. one according to claim 1 double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, is characterized in that: described transition falls in slag section and is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed, and described isolating door is used for gasification furnace, incinerator to cut off.
6. one according to claim 2 double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, it is characterized in that: also comprise the cyclone combustion chamber for second-time burning, the upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius from top to bottom diminishes, the top of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges smoke inlet, described smoke inlet is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, the bottom of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, the circumferential wall of described cyclone combustion chamber is evenly provided with some combustion airs for air port, each combustion air is all positioned at smoke inlet for air port, between 3rd exhanst gas outlet.
7. one according to claim 6 double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, is characterized in that: described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall.
8. the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of the one according to claim 6 or 7 refuse gasification incinerator, is characterized in that: described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet, combustion air air feed opening's edge cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall are radial or tangentially arrange.
9. a processing method for the arbitrary described double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Steps A, close the gate that double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator and air ventilate, start double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator, garbage raw material is dropped into feed hopper, garbage pusher device pusher back and forth, the garbage raw material fallen from feed hopper is pushed feed hopper, windrow seal section between gasification furnace, windrow seal section is made to form windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth of gasification furnace, the moving hearth work of gasification furnace, rubbish is conveyed into transition to fall slag section, residue pusher pusher back and forth, rubbish transition fallen in slag section pushes in incinerator, the moving hearth work conveying garbage of incinerator, until rubbish is at gasification furnace, the moving hearth of incinerator is accumulated to required thickness, stop feeding intake to feed hopper, the moving hearth of gasification furnace and incinerator quits work, then, communicate with the burner hearth of gasification furnace and incinerator respectively with the igniting combustion supporting hole of start-up burner by gasification furnace and incinerator, under the effect of start-up burner, furnace lifting is carried out to gasification furnace and incinerator, baker, treat that this process stabilization completes, gasification furnace and incinerator burner hearth is made to reach predetermined temperature 600-700 DEG C,
The technological parameter of step B, adjustment gasification furnace, incinerator, feed intake to feed hopper, the moving hearth work conveying garbage of gasification furnace, rubbish starts to burn in the burner hearth of gasification furnace, rubbish residue transition fall slag section place pile up formed windrow sealing, make the burner hearth combustion state temperature of gasification furnace be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the moving hearth work of incinerator exports the rubbish residue after burning;
Each technological parameter of step C, adjustment gasification furnace, incinerator, gasification furnace is gasified to rubbish gradually, gasification furnace is made to stablize the high-temperature flue gas produced containing 10%-20% synthesis gas, make incinerator fired state temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, high-temperature flue gas enters gasification furnace air compartment from the second exhanst gas outlet correspondence, feed gasification furnace, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal;
Step D, need overhaul or blowing out time, stop feeding intake, regulate gasification furnace, incinerator technological parameter, make gasification furnace return to fired state gradually, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, close double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator.
10. the processing method of a kind of double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator according to claim 9, is characterized in that: in step C, need regulate each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber, makes cyclone combustion chamber the 3rd flue gas exit temperature be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C; In step D, need regulate each technological parameter of cyclone combustion chamber simultaneously, make gasification furnace return to fired state gradually, gas to be synthesized burns rear closedown cyclone combustion chamber.
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| CN106224967A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2016-12-14 | 重庆科技学院 | Stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU and dove-tail form ash collecting device |
| CN106311265A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2017-01-11 | 荆楚理工学院 | Device for catalytic incineration of hazardous wastes and the use method thereof |
| CN107131503A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-05 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | A kind of Multi-layer reciprocating formula gasification combustion furnace |
| CN107620970A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-23 | 江门绿润环保科技有限公司 | A kind of application clout processing equipment |
| CN108410482A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-08-17 | 江门绿润环保科技有限公司 | A kind of solid waste pyrolysis oven |
| CN110566975A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-13 | 宜清环境技术有限公司 | Sludge combustion system of waste incineration power plant |
| CN115325544A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-11 | 中材建设有限公司 | Method for disposing complex combustible solid waste by adopting vertical sectional incinerator |
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| CN115325544A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-11 | 中材建设有限公司 | Method for disposing complex combustible solid waste by adopting vertical sectional incinerator |
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| CN105423306B (en) | 2017-08-08 |
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