CN105402737A - Mechanical grate-type garbage single-furnace gasifying incineration and boiler system - Google Patents
Mechanical grate-type garbage single-furnace gasifying incineration and boiler system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105402737A CN105402737A CN201511017408.0A CN201511017408A CN105402737A CN 105402737 A CN105402737 A CN 105402737A CN 201511017408 A CN201511017408 A CN 201511017408A CN 105402737 A CN105402737 A CN 105402737A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical grate-type garbage single-furnace gasifying incineration and boiler system which is smaller in transformation heat efficiency loss and higher in heat recovery rate. The system comprises a gasifying incineration furnace, a boiler system and an air supply system, wherein the gasifying incineration furnace comprises a material feeding cabin and a furnace body; a material stacking sealing section is arranged between the material feeding cabin and the furnace body; the upper end of the furnace body is upwards convex and is provided with a first smoke outlet; the boiler system comprises a boiler body; the boiler body comprises a cyclone combustor, a furnace chamber a and a furnace chamber b which are communicated with one another; a water-cooling wall is arranged in the cyclone combustor; a superheater is arranged in the furnace chamber a; an evaporator is arranged in the furnace chamber b; the smoke inlet of the cyclone combustor is connected with the first smoke outlet; the top end of the boiler body is provided with a steam pocket; a steam-water inlet is formed in the steam pocket; the steam pocket is connected with water-cooling wall and the water inlet of the evaporator for outputting water; the water-cooling wall and the steam outlet of the evaporator are connected with the steam inlet of the steam pocket for steam backflow; and the saturated steam outlet of the steam pocket is used for outputting superheated steam through the superheater.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, particularly relate to stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove gasification burning and steam generator system thereof.
Background technology
Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly contains burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc.The advantages such as in garbage disposal routine techniques, it is obvious that burning disposal has reduced training, and thoroughly innoxious, occupation of land amount is little, and waste heat energy is utilized, and secondary pollution is few, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But along with domestic and international improving constantly environmental requirement, how to strengthen the control of secondary pollution particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is shifted onto on the road of industrial applications gradually, what particularly mainly adopt now for domestic rubbish is all kinds of incineration technologies, and the industrialization widely of gasification burning technology is regenerated bringing the technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry.
For many years, China, to the scientific research of the gasification burning such as living beings, rubbish technology, is in progress a lot of, and the basic research in laboratory is a lot, also has application study, as the destructive gasifying of: rotary kiln type, vertical and fluidized bed type or temperature gasification and high fusion technology etc.But Technique Popularizing application is upper or there is a definite limitation, and raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economic benefit etc. are principal elements.
In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, its application accounts for more than 80% of the whole world waste incineration total market size, wherein has and adopt mechanical type backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate in body of heater, also has and adopts the fire grate such as chain-plate type and drum-type.
In sum, typical incinerator, respectively has himself advantage, but in China's practical application, need the problem and shortage of solution:
1. the characteristic such as, complicated component high for China's house refuse water content, the technology of moving hearth uses, and needs emphasis to consider to the conveying capacity of rubbish.
2. being on the increase along with refuse production, sanitary fill is as mountain, and garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, could meeting the market requirement.
3., in the face of strict pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution controls to be the key problem technically needing to solve.
4., in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.Existing rubbish heat treatment technics adopts boiler develops steam vapor to shift steam turbine power generation onto usually, and whole transition heat efficiency losses is comparatively large, processes identical quantity of refuse, relatively reduces thermal losses and improves heat exchanger effectiveness and just can improve the thermal efficiency.
Existing incinerator is as following two patents of invention: multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) and the middle an open question of two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2): rubbish heat treatment mode is relatively backward, just drying-burn-burn, the process of solid combustion release heat; In stove, thermal chemical reaction is based on oxidation reaction, and reduction reaction is assisted, and easily produces secondary pollution; Rubbish, when stove combustion, crosses oxygen quotient large, and First air, Secondary Air infeed amount are large, and in flue gas, dust content is higher, and affect comparatively large on heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system, easy dust stratification, exhaust gas volumn is comparatively large, reduces thermal conversion efficiency; The gasification furnace arranged separately and incinerator, can only gradation disposal of refuse, and cannot realize large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal, garbage treatment quantity is less.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove gasification burning and steam generator system thereof are provided, use stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove gasification burning and steam generator system disposal of refuse thereof, rubbish conveying capacity is stronger, garbage treatment quantity is larger, can reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, the organic efficiency of heat is higher, and can decreasing pollution thing discharge capacity effectively.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Described incinerator comprises grate, and along the feed hopper that feedstock direction sets gradually on grate, body of heater, fall cinder notch, described body of heater comprises furnace shell, moving hearth, described moving hearth adopts stoker fired grate, described furnace shell, moving hearth surrounds the burner hearth of incinerator, described moving hearth is set to dryer section successively along feedstock direction, gasification section, burning segment, the below of moving hearth is provided with at least two independent air compartments arranged, an air compartment of the below of moving hearth is divided into two groups, the wherein dryer section of one group of corresponding moving hearth of an air compartment, gasification section, the burning segment of the corresponding moving hearth of another group air compartment, described feed hopper, windrow seal section is provided with between body of heater, described grate is provided with pusher, described pusher is positioned at the below of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in burner hearth, described furnace shell is in the shape that arches upward, the vault of furnace shell arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the face arch of furnace shell, rear arch is arranged respectively secondary for air port, described secondary is positioned at moving hearth dryer section for air port, directly over gasification section,
Described steam generator system comprises boiler body, described boiler body has cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, described cyclone combustion chamber is used for second-time burning, the upper end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber sets out cinder notch, the bottom of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges smoke inlet, this smoke inlet connects the first exhanst gas outlet of furnace shell vault by pipeline, the top of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, the circumferential wall of described cyclone combustion chamber is evenly provided with some combustion airs for air port, each combustion air is all positioned at smoke inlet for air port, between second exhanst gas outlet, second exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a, described furnace chamber a, the lower end of furnace chamber b is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet, described cyclone firing indoor are circumferentially provided with ringwise water-cooling wall, superheater is provided with in described furnace chamber a, evaporimeter is provided with in furnace chamber b, the top of boiler body arranges drum, described cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b is all positioned at below drum, described drum is provided with carbonated drink import, water separator is provided with in drum, for separating of steam water interface, drum connects the water inlet of water-cooling wall by the first down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, drum connects the water inlet of evaporimeter by the second down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall, the venthole of evaporimeter connects the air intake of drum respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum connects the air intake of superheater by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam,
Described air feed system comprises air blast, first manifold, second manifold, the air inlet of described air blast is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described air blast connects the first manifold respectively, the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described first manifold respectively with moving hearth dryer section, each air compartment below gasification section and furnace shell face arch, secondary on rear arch is communicated with for air port, each arm of the first manifold arranges the first control valve respectively, the arm of described second manifold is communicated with for air port with each combustion air of each air compartment below moving hearth burning segment and cyclone combustion chamber respectively, each arm of the second manifold arranges the second control valve respectively.
Further, also comprise steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, describedly comprise condenser, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, the booster water pump of being connected successively by pipeline to water input system, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between described water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump connects the carbonated drink import of drum by pipeline.
The steam that steam output device has not utilized all can be converted to water by condenser, and absorb the heat of steam release, the Main Function of oxygen-eliminating device is exactly remove oxygen in boiler feedwater and other gas with it, ensure the quality of feedwater, booster water pump can improve hydraulic pressure, ensure to the water supply capacity of water input system, further heat recovery can be carried out to the water that steam output device is discharged to water input system, improve heat recovery efficiency.
In order to utilize superheated steam generation, preferably, described steam output device is steam turbine.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber b carries out further heat recovery, improve heat recovery efficiency, further, described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber b carries out further heat recovery, improve heat recovery efficiency, further preferably, economizer is provided with in described furnace chamber c, the water inlet of described economizer is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump, and the delivery port of described economizer is by the carbonated drink inlet communication of pipeline and drum.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber b carries out further heat recovery, improve heat recovery efficiency, further preferably, air preheater is provided with in described furnace chamber c, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the first manifold, the second manifold.
In order to make full use of the remaining waste heat of steam output device, preferably, also comprise a heat exchanger, the heat tunnel of described heat exchanger is connected between the discharge outlet of steam output device, oxygen-eliminating device input by pipeline, and the heated passage of described heat exchanger is connected on the house steward of the first manifold.
In order to the flue gas of discharging furnace chamber c carries out harmless treatment, further, the Waste gas outlet of described furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, and described flue gas purification system comprises aeration tower, deduster, air-introduced machine, the chimney of connecting successively along discharge directions.
In order to the waste residue of discharging furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the indoor flue gas deposition of cyclone firing produces, and prevent waste residue effusion from producing pollution, preferably, common slag notch is provided with below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, the taper that the slag notch of described cyclone combustion chamber lower end diminishes in radius from top to bottom, this common slag notch, cyclone combustion chamber slag notch are communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace respectively.
The high-temperature flue gas produced afterwards to make burning is easily discharged, and is beneficial to the installation of pipeline, and preferably, described smoke inlet, the second exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall; Described second exhanst gas outlet is along cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.
In order to adapt to the installing space in factory, preferably, the face arch of described furnace shell is flat construction, or the face arch of described furnace shell is that rear end is inclined upwardly structure.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts cyclone combustion chamber to carry out second-time burning to the synthesizer that incinerator produces, and under wind action, burn more abundant, the organic efficiency of heat is higher combustion-supporting, and can the discharge capacity of decreasing pollution thing.Respectively air feed is carried out to moving hearth dryer section, gasification section, the wind-warm syndrome of moving hearth dryer section air feed can be improved separately, make the drying effect of moving hearth dryer section better, be conducive to follow-up gasification, second-time burning step.The present invention is novel, garbage treatment quantity is large, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content is high, complicated component, improve the energy conversion efficiency in garbage processing procedure and reduce pollutant discharge amount in flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can be realized, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relative minimizing thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness, improve the thermal efficiency.
The water-cooling wall of annular is arranged on cyclone combustion chamber by this steam generator system, and synthesis gas is more abundant in cyclone firing Indoor Combustion, and the temperature that burning produces is higher, relatively reduces thermal losses and improves heat exchanger effectiveness.The origin of heat that this steam generator system reclaims is in the high-temperature synthesis gas flue gas of refuse gasification outlet of still, synthesis gas flue gas enters cyclone combustion chamber, tangential air-supplied combustion-supporting flammable synthesis gas in cyclone combustion chamber simultaneously, flue gas is successively through cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, economizer and air preheater.Recycling economizer preheating condensed water, preheating condensed water enters boiler part, and condensed water heats in water-cooling wall and evaporimeter, form saturated vapor and enter drum, after carbonated drink is separated, saturated vapor enters superheater, again adds thermosetting superheated steam and exports, can be used for generating, heat supply, heating etc.The present invention utilizes cyclone-burning method, decreases fly ash content in flue gas; Syngas combustion temperature is high, and gas residence time is long, and pollutant is effectively decomposed, and decreasing pollution thing discharges, and achieves the synthesis gas burning disposal after rubbish continuous gasification and heat recovery and utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of incinerator;
The structural representation of cyclone combustion chamber in Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is steam output device, to the structural representation of water input system;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of flue gas purification system.
Reference numeral
1 is incinerator, and 101 is grate, and 102 is feed hopper, and 103 is furnace shell, and 104 is burner hearth, 105 is siege, and 106 is pusher, and 107 is an air compartment, and 108 is windrow seal section, 112 is the first exhanst gas outlet, and 114 is igniting combustion supporting hole, and 115 for secondary is for air port, and 116 is the cinder notch that falls;
2 is air feed system, and 203 is air blast, and 204 is the first manifold, and 205 is the second manifold, and 207 is the first control valve, and 208 is the second control valve;
3 is cyclone combustion chamber, and 301 is combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 is slag notch, and 303 is smoke inlet, and 304 is the second exhanst gas outlet, and 305 for combustion air is for air port.
4 is boiler body, 402 is furnace chamber a, 403 is furnace chamber b, 404 is furnace chamber c, 405 is water-cooling wall, 406 is superheater, 407 is evaporimeter, 408 is drum, 409 is the first down-comer, 410 is the second down-comer, 411 is steam output device, 412 is to water input system, 413 is condenser, 414 is water pump, 415 is oxygen-eliminating device, 416 is booster water pump, 417 is moisturizing pipeline, 418 is economizer, 419 is flue gas purification system, 420 is aeration tower, 421 is deduster, 422 is air-introduced machine, 423 is chimney, 424 is air preheater, 425 is heat exchanger.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1, be a kind of preferred embodiment of stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove gasification burning and steam generator system thereof, comprise incinerator 1, cyclone combustion chamber 3, air feed system 2,
See Fig. 2, described incinerator 1 comprises grate 101, and the feed hopper 102, the body of heater that set gradually along feedstock direction on grate 101, fall cinder notch 116, described body of heater comprises furnace shell 103, moving hearth 105, described moving hearth 105 adopts the stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 of segmentation drive, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is forward lapped by moving grate plate and fixed grate plate, collect alternately and form, adjacent many groups moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, adopts a set of drive unit to drive.Stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is as the carrier of conveying garbage, and its embodiment can be all types of moving hearths 105, as chain-plate type, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc.Described furnace shell 103, moving hearth 105 surrounds the burner hearth 104 of incinerator 1, described moving hearth 105 is set to dryer section successively along feedstock direction, gasification section, burning segment, the below of moving hearth 105 is provided with at least two independent air compartments 107 arranged, an air compartment 107 of the below of moving hearth 105 is divided into two groups, the wherein dryer section of one group of corresponding moving hearth 105 of an air compartment 107, gasification section, the burning segment of the corresponding moving hearth 105 of another group air compartment, described feed hopper 102, windrow seal section 108 is provided with between body of heater, described grate 101 is provided with pusher 106, described pusher 106 is positioned at the below of feed hopper 102, for the rubbish in feed hopper 102 is pushed in burner hearth 104, described feed hopper 102, windrow seal section 108 is provided with between body of heater, pusher 106 work enters position and is in windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and is fallen, pusher 106 retreats, advance again, pusher forms windrow at windrow seal section 108 back and forth, body of heater entrance is made to be in windrow sealing state, strengthen furnace sealing effect, solve pusher 106 and feed hopper 102 easily leakage problem.When needing complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, pusher 106 is forward impelling half stroke again, is pushed completely in body of heater by rubbish, makes body of heater entrance lose windrow sealing effectiveness.Described furnace shell 103 is in the shape that arches upward, and the face arch of described furnace shell 103 is flat construction, or the face arch of described furnace shell 103 is that rear end is inclined upwardly structure.The vault of furnace shell 103 arranges the first exhanst gas outlet 112, and the face arch of furnace shell 103, rear arch are arranged respectively secondary for air port 115, each secondary is all positioned at directly over moving hearth 105 dryer section, gasification section for air port 115.
Described boiler body 4 has cyclone combustion chamber 3, furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, furnace chamber c404, lower end see cyclone combustion chamber described in Fig. 3, Fig. 43 arranges smoke inlet 303, the smoke inlet 303 of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is communicated with the first exhanst gas outlet 112 of gasification furnace 103 by pipeline, cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end is the second exhanst gas outlet 304, described smoke inlet 303, second exhanst gas outlet 304 is positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall, and the top of cyclone combustion chamber 3 arranges combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole 301.Discharge from the second exhanst gas outlet 304 after fully mixing, burning in cyclone combustion chamber 3 to make flue gas, combustion air, described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with some combustion airs for air port 305, and described some combustion airs supply air port 305 between smoke inlet 303, second exhanst gas outlet 304.Described smoke inlet 303, second exhanst gas outlet 304, combustion air supply air port 305 along cyclone combustion chamber 3 circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.Second exhanst gas outlet 304 of cyclone combustion chamber 3 upper end is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a402, the lower end of described furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403 is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b403 arranges waste gas outlet, the lower end of described cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with the taper slag notch 302 that radius from top to bottom diminishes, and this taper slag notch 302 is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.Be provided with common slag notch below described furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403, this common slag notch is communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103.In the present embodiment, this common slag notch and taper slag notch 302 are all communicated with the afterbody changeover portion of gasification furnace 103 burner hearth.
Ringwise water-cooling wall 405 is circumferentially with along inwall in described cyclone combustion chamber 3, superheater 406 is provided with in described furnace chamber a402, evaporimeter 407 is provided with in furnace chamber b403, the top of boiler body 4 arranges drum 408, described cyclone combustion chamber 3, furnace chamber a402, furnace chamber b403 is all positioned at below drum 408, described drum 408 is provided with carbonated drink import, for inputting steam water interface, water separator is provided with in drum 408, for separating of steam water interface, drum 408 connects the water inlet of water-cooling wall 405 by the first down-comer 409, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, drum 408 connects the water inlet of evaporimeter 407 by the second down-comer 410, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall 405, the venthole of evaporimeter 407 connects the air intake of drum 408 respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum 408 connects the air intake of superheater 406 by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater 406, the venthole of described superheater 406 exports superheated steam.
See Fig. 1, described air feed system 2 comprises air blast 203, first manifold 204, second manifold 205, the air inlet of described air blast 203 is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described air blast 203 connects the house steward of the first manifold 204, second manifold 205 respectively, and the house steward of described first manifold 204 is provided with air preheater 209.Described air preheater 209 adopts electric heater, and certainly, air preheater 209 also directly can adopt the air preheater 209 be located in boiler.The arm of described first manifold 204 is communicated with for air port 115 with the secondary on each air compartment 107 below moving hearth 105 dryer section, gasification section and furnace shell 103 face arch, rear arch respectively, each arm of the first manifold 204 is arranged respectively the first control valve 207, the arm of described second manifold 205 is communicated with for air port 305 with each combustion air of each air compartment 107 below moving hearth 105 burning segment and cyclone combustion chamber 3 respectively, each arm of the second manifold 205 is arranged respectively the second control valve 208.
See Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, steam generator system also comprises steam output device 411, to water input system 412, in the present embodiment, described steam output device 411 is steam turbine.The venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device 411, described water input system 412 of giving comprises condenser 413, water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, the booster water pump 416 of being connected successively by pipeline, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline 417 between described water pump 414, oxygen-eliminating device 415, the water inlet of described condenser 413 connects the discharge outlet of steam output device 411 by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump 416 connects the carbonated drink import of drum 408 by pipeline.The upper end of described furnace chamber c404 is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b403 upper end, the lower end of furnace chamber c404 arranges Waste gas outlet, economizer 418 is provided with in described furnace chamber c404, the water inlet of described economizer 418 is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump 416, the delivery port of described economizer 418 and the carbonated drink inlet communication of drum 408.See Fig. 6, the Waste gas outlet of furnace chamber c404 connects flue gas purification system 419, and described flue gas purification system 419 comprises aeration tower 420, deduster 421, air-introduced machine 422, the chimney 423 of connecting successively along discharge directions.Air preheater 424 is provided with in described furnace chamber c404, in the present embodiment, air preheater 424 is positioned at the downstream of economizer 418, the outlet side of described second blower fan 203 connects the air inlet of air preheater 424, and the gas outlet of air preheater 424 connects the house steward of the first manifold, the second manifold 206.Also comprise a heat exchanger 425, the heat tunnel of described heat exchanger is connected between the discharge outlet of steam output device, oxygen-eliminating device input by pipeline, and the heated passage of described heat exchanger is connected on the house steward of the first manifold.
A waste disposal method for stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove gasification burning and steam generator system thereof, the method is carried out according to the following steps:
Steps A, close the gate that incinerator 1 ventilates with air, start incinerator 1, garbage raw material is dropped into feed hopper 102, pusher 106 pusher back and forth, the garbage raw material fallen from feed hopper 102 is pushed feed hopper 102, windrow seal section 108 between incinerator 1, windrow seal section 108 is made to form windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish falls into the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 1, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 1 works, until rubbish is accumulated to required thickness at the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 1: 0.6-0.8m, stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of incinerator 1 quits work, then, burner hearth 104 is stretched into by the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of gas incinerator with start-up burner, under the effect of start-up burner, furnace lifting is carried out to incinerator 1, baker, during baker, the rubbish piled up can protect moving hearth 105, prevent scaling loss siege 105.Treat that this process stabilization completes, make incinerator 1 burner hearth 104 reach predetermined temperature 600-700 DEG C; The object of baker is to remove Natural Water in lining and the crystallization water, in order to avoid when going into operation because furnace temperature rises too fast, moisture content expands in a large number to cause body of heater spalling, bubbling or be out of shape even furnace wall and collapses, and affects intensity and the service life of heating furnace furnace wall.
Step B, startup, adjustment air feed system 2, regulate the technological parameter (in pusher 106 speed, fire grate speed, wind-warm syndrome, blast and an air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, stove negative pressure, thickness of feed layer etc.) of incinerator 1 and air feed system 2, feed intake to feed hopper 102, moving hearth 105 in stove works conveying garbage, rubbish starts to burn in burner hearth 104, makes burner hearth 104 combustion state temperature be stabilized to more than 850 DEG C.
Each technological parameter of step C, adjustment incinerator 1, cyclone combustion chamber 3 and air feed system 2, make the rubbish heat treatment mode on siege 105 from dry → process transitions of burning → burning to drying → pyrolytic gasification → process that burns, bottom ash conveying enters cinder notch, the stable synthesis gas producing 10%-20% of first exhanst gas outlet 112, make cyclone combustion chamber 3 second exhanst gas outlet 304 temperature stabilization to more than 850 DEG C, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal.
Step D, need overhaul or blowing out time, stopping feeds intake, regulate the technological parameter of incinerator 1, cyclone combustion chamber 3 and air feed system 2, incinerator 1 is made to return to fired state gradually, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, close stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator 1 and air feed system 2.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (10)
1. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove gasification burning and a steam generator system thereof, is characterized in that: comprise incinerator, steam generator system, air feed system,
Described incinerator comprises grate, and along the feed hopper that feedstock direction sets gradually on grate, body of heater, fall cinder notch, described body of heater comprises furnace shell, moving hearth, described moving hearth adopts stoker fired grate, described furnace shell, moving hearth surrounds the burner hearth of incinerator, described moving hearth is set to dryer section successively along feedstock direction, gasification section, burning segment, the below of moving hearth is provided with at least two independent air compartments arranged, an air compartment of the below of moving hearth is divided into two groups, the wherein dryer section of one group of corresponding moving hearth of an air compartment, gasification section, the burning segment of the corresponding moving hearth of another group air compartment, described feed hopper, windrow seal section is provided with between body of heater, described grate is provided with pusher, described pusher is positioned at the below of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed in burner hearth, described furnace shell is in the shape that arches upward, the vault of furnace shell arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, the face arch of furnace shell, rear arch is arranged respectively secondary for air port, described secondary is positioned at moving hearth dryer section for air port, directly over gasification section,
Described steam generator system comprises boiler body, described boiler body has cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, described cyclone combustion chamber is used for second-time burning, the upper end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber sets out cinder notch, the bottom of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges smoke inlet, this smoke inlet connects the first exhanst gas outlet of furnace shell vault by pipeline, the top of described cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, the circumferential wall of described cyclone combustion chamber is evenly provided with some combustion airs for air port, each combustion air is all positioned at smoke inlet for air port, between second exhanst gas outlet, second exhanst gas outlet of cyclone combustion chamber is communicated with the upper end of furnace chamber a, described furnace chamber a, the lower end of furnace chamber b is communicated with, the upper end of described furnace chamber b arranges waste gas outlet, described cyclone firing indoor are circumferentially provided with ringwise water-cooling wall, superheater is provided with in described furnace chamber a, evaporimeter is provided with in furnace chamber b, the top of boiler body arranges drum, described cyclone combustion chamber, furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b is all positioned at below drum, described drum is provided with carbonated drink import, water separator is provided with in drum, for separating of steam water interface, drum connects the water inlet of water-cooling wall by the first down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, drum connects the water inlet of evaporimeter by the second down-comer, for exporting the isolated water of water separator, described water-cooling wall, the venthole of evaporimeter connects the air intake of drum respectively by steam pipe, for the high-temperature steam that refluxes, the saturated vapor outlet of described drum connects the air intake of superheater by pipeline, for the high-temperature steam of backflow is inputted in superheater, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam,
Described air feed system comprises air blast, first manifold, second manifold, the air inlet of described air blast is communicated with air, the gas outlet of described air blast connects the first manifold respectively, the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of described first manifold respectively with moving hearth dryer section, each air compartment below gasification section and furnace shell face arch, secondary on rear arch is communicated with for air port, each arm of the first manifold arranges the first control valve respectively, the arm of described second manifold is communicated with for air port with each combustion air of each air compartment below moving hearth burning segment and cyclone combustion chamber respectively, each arm of the second manifold arranges the second control valve respectively.
2. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 1 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: also comprise steam output device, to water input system, the venthole of described superheater exports superheated steam by pipeline to steam output device, describedly comprise the condenser of being connected successively by pipeline to water input system, water pump, oxygen-eliminating device, booster water pump, described water pump, water source is connected by moisturizing pipeline between oxygen-eliminating device, the water inlet of described condenser connects the discharge outlet of steam output device by pipeline, the delivery port of described booster water pump connects the carbonated drink import of drum by pipeline.
3. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 2 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: described boiler body has furnace chamber c, the upper end of described furnace chamber c is communicated with the waste gas outlet of furnace chamber b upper end, and the lower end of furnace chamber c arranges Waste gas outlet.
4. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 3 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: in described furnace chamber c, be provided with economizer, the water inlet of described economizer is communicated with the delivery port of booster water pump, and the delivery port of described economizer is by the carbonated drink inlet communication of pipeline and drum.
5. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 3 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: in described furnace chamber c, be provided with air preheater, the outlet side of described second blower fan connects the air inlet of air preheater, and the gas outlet of air preheater connects the house steward of the first manifold, the second manifold.
6. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 2 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: also comprise a heat exchanger, the heat tunnel of described heat exchanger is connected between the discharge outlet of steam output device, oxygen-eliminating device input by pipeline, and the heated passage of described heat exchanger is connected on the house steward of the first manifold.
7. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 3 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: the Waste gas outlet of described furnace chamber c connects flue gas purification system, and described flue gas purification system comprises aeration tower, deduster, air-introduced machine, the chimney of connecting successively along discharge directions.
8. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 1 and double boiler system thereof, it is characterized in that: below described furnace chamber a, furnace chamber b, be provided with common slag notch, the taper that the slag notch of described cyclone combustion chamber lower end diminishes in radius from top to bottom, this common slag notch, cyclone combustion chamber slag notch are communicated with the burner hearth of gasification furnace respectively.
9. stoker fired grate formula rubbish list stove incinerator according to claim 1 and double boiler system thereof, is characterized in that: described smoke inlet, the second exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall; Described second exhanst gas outlet is along cyclone combustion chamber circumferential wall radial direction or tangentially arrange.
10. a kind of stoker fired grate formula rubbish list furnace gas CIU according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the face arch of described furnace shell is flat construction, or the face arch of described furnace shell is that rear end is inclined upwardly structure.
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| CN105402737B (en) | 2017-08-04 |
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