CN205261569U - Double -deck mechanical stoker formula waste gasification system of burning - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator system, which comprises a double-layer garbage gasification incinerator. The double-layer garbage gasification incinerator includes a feed bin, a gasification furnace and an ember furnace. The furnace is located directly below the gasification furnace. The feeding direction of the ember furnace is opposite to that of the gasification furnace. There is a stacking sealing section between the feed bin and the gasification furnace. There is a residue pusher in between, and the upper end of the gasification furnace and the upper end of the ember furnace are equipped with flue gas outlets. The double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator has a circulating air supply system. The garbage treatment method includes: step A, starting the furnace, and drying the furnace; step B, burning the garbage in the furnace of the gasifier; step C, realizing continuous gasification and incineration of the garbage; step D, closing the double-layer mechanical Grate type garbage gasification incinerator. Using the double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator to treat garbage has a larger garbage processing capacity, higher heat recovery efficiency, and can effectively reduce pollutant discharge.

Description

Double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid waste incineration treatment, in particular to a double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system.

Background technique

The existing waste treatment technologies mainly include incineration, sanitary landfill, composting, and waste recycling. Among the conventional waste treatment technologies, incineration has the advantages of obvious reduction effect, complete harmlessness, small land occupation, utilization of waste heat energy, and less secondary pollution, which meets the strategic requirements of my country's sustainable development. However, with the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements at home and abroad, how to strengthen the control of secondary pollution is particularly important. Therefore, waste pyrolysis and gasification incineration technology is gradually pushed to the road of industrial application, especially for domestic waste, various incineration technologies are mainly used now, and the extensive industrialization of gasification and incineration technology will bring the technology of domestic waste treatment industry Innovation.

Over the years, my country has made a lot of progress in the scientific research on gasification and incineration technology of biomass and garbage. There are many basic researches in the laboratory, and there are also applied researches, such as: rotary kiln type, vertical type and fluidized bed type retort gasification Or gasification high-temperature melting technology, etc. However, there are still certain limitations in the popularization and application of the technology. The main factors are the types of raw materials, the amount of garbage disposal, secondary pollution control and economic benefits.

Among the existing incineration processes and equipment, the grate type incinerator has various forms, and its application accounts for more than 80% of the total waste incineration market in the world. Among them, mechanical reverse push grate and forward push grate are used in the furnace body Or combined grate, there are also chain plate type and drum type grate.

To sum up, typical waste gasification incinerators each have their own advantages, but the problems and deficiencies that need to be solved in practical applications in our country:

1. For the characteristics of high water content and complex composition of domestic waste in my country, the technical use of mobile hearth needs to focus on the transportation capacity of waste.

2. With the continuous increase of garbage generation, garbage piles up like a mountain, and the garbage disposal volume must be effectively increased in order to meet the market demand.

3. In the face of strict pollutant discharge requirements, secondary pollution control is the core issue that needs to be solved technically.

4. In order to effectively improve economic benefits, the heat recovery efficiency needs to be improved during the thermal treatment of waste. Existing waste heat treatment technologies usually use boilers to generate steam and push it to steam turbines for power generation. The entire conversion heat efficiency loss is relatively large, and the same amount of waste can be treated by relatively reducing heat loss and improving heat exchange efficiency to improve heat efficiency.

Existing waste gasification incinerators include the following two utility model patents: the unresolved problems in the multi-column segmented driving compound domestic waste incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) and the two-stage waste incinerator (ZL201010268376.2): The heat treatment mode of garbage is relatively backward, which is only the process of drying-burning-burning, and solid combustion releases heat; the thermochemical reaction in the furnace is dominated by oxidation reaction, supplemented by reduction reaction, which is easy to produce secondary pollutants; when garbage is burned in the furnace, excessive The oxygen coefficient is large, the primary air and secondary air supply are large, and the dust content in the flue gas is high, which has a great impact on the heat energy recovery system and the flue gas treatment system. It is easy to accumulate dust, and the flue gas volume is large, which reduces the heat transfer. Efficiency: Without a separate gasifier and ember furnace, the garbage can only be processed in batches, and large-scale continuous gasification and incineration of garbage cannot be realized, and the amount of garbage processed is small.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system, using the double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system to process garbage, the garbage transportation capacity is stronger, Larger waste treatment capacity can reduce heat loss and improve heat exchange efficiency, heat recovery efficiency is high, and can effectively reduce pollutant emissions.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that:

A double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator system, comprising a double-layer garbage gasification incinerator, the double-layer garbage gasification incinerator includes a furnace rack, and feeding materials are sequentially arranged on the furnace rack along the feeding direction warehouse, gasification furnace, the furnace rack is also provided with an ember furnace, the ember furnace is located directly below the gasification furnace, and the feeding direction of the ember furnace is opposite to that of the gasification furnace. A stacking sealing section is provided on the part of the frame between the discharge port of the feed bin and the charge port of the gasifier; There is a transitional slagging section, which can form a sealed state for stacking materials. The grate is equipped with a garbage pusher and a residue pusher. The garbage pusher is located below the feeding bin. The garbage pusher The push head of the feeder extends into the stacking sealing section, and is used to push the garbage in the feeding bin into the gasifier. The residue pusher is located between the gasifier and the burner, and the residue pusher The push head extends into the transition slag section, and is used to push the garbage residue falling from the gasifier into the ember furnace;

The gasification furnace and the ember furnace respectively include a furnace shell and a movable hearth. The front and rear of the gasification furnace are respectively sealed by a stacking sealing section and a transitional slagging section, and the transitional slagging section is isolated from the gasifier. 1. The ember furnace, so that the gasifier and the ember furnace are independent of each other;

At least one independent primary air chamber is provided under the moving hearth of the gasification furnace and the moving hearth of the embering furnace respectively. The gasification furnace and the embering furnace are respectively arched. The front arch and the rear arch of the gasification furnace are respectively provided with secondary air supply ports, the vault of the gasification furnace is provided with a first flue gas outlet, the vault of the ember furnace is provided with a second flue gas outlet and the gasifier The primary air chamber below the moving hearth corresponds to the second flue gas outlet and the corresponding primary air chamber is connected through a flue gas pipeline, and the gasification furnace and the ember furnace are respectively provided with ignition and combustion-supporting holes;

It also includes a circulating air supply system. The circulating air supply system includes a dust removal device, a first fan, and a second fan. The inlet end of the dust removal device is connected to the main pipe of the fourth manifold, and the branch of the fourth manifold is connected to The primary air chamber below the movable hearth of the gasifier is connected, the fourth regulating valve is set on the branch pipe of the fourth manifold, the gas outlet end of the dust removal device is connected with the inlet end of the first fan through a pipeline, and the The gas outlet end of the first fan is connected to the main pipe of the first manifold, and the branch pipes of the first manifold communicate with the secondary air supply ports on the front and rear arches of the gasifier respectively. First regulating valves are set respectively, the air inlet of the second blower is communicated with the atmosphere, the air outlet of the second blower is connected to the main pipe of the second manifold, and the branch pipes of the second manifold are respectively connected to the flue gas pipe and The primary air chamber under the moving hearth of the ember furnace communicates with each other, and each branch pipe of the second manifold is respectively provided with a second regulating valve.

In order to reduce heat loss and improve heat exchange efficiency, so that the recovery efficiency of heat is higher, preferably, it also includes a cyclone combustion chamber for secondary combustion, the upper end of the cyclone combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber ignition and combustion-supporting hole, and the cyclone combustion The lower end of the chamber is provided with a tapered slag outlet with a radius that becomes smaller from top to bottom, the upper part of the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet, and the lower part of the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber is provided with a third flue gas outlet. A number of combustion-supporting air supply ports are uniformly arranged on the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber, and each combustion-supporting air supply port is located between the flue gas inlet and the third flue gas outlet.

In order to make the high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion easy to discharge and facilitate the installation of the pipeline, preferably, the flue gas inlet and the third flue gas outlet are located on the opposite side of the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber; the third flue gas outlet is along the The circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber is arranged radially or tangentially.

In order to make full use of the wind blown out by the second blower fan and to finely adjust the air intake of each part of the cyclone combustor, preferably, a third manifold is also included, and the main pipe of the third manifold is connected with the second blower fan. The air outlets of the third manifold communicate with each other, each branch of the third manifold communicates with each combustion air supply port, and each branch of the third manifold is respectively provided with a third regulating valve.

In order to utilize the unused remaining part of the flue gas extracted by the high-temperature fan, preferably, the first manifold also has a branch pipe connected to the flue gas inlet of the cyclone combustion chamber, and the fifth regulating valve is arranged on the branch pipe. The structure can reduce heat loss and improve heat exchange efficiency, greatly improves heat recovery efficiency, and can effectively reduce pollutant discharge.

In order to better adapt to the installation space in the factory, the front arch of the gasifier is a straight structure, or the front arch of the gasifier is an upwardly inclined rear end structure.

In order to effectively remove dust from the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the ember furnace, preferably, the dust removal device is a cyclone separator or a high-temperature dust collector; the first fan is a high-temperature fan, which is beneficial to work in a high-temperature environment, and the second The second fan is a blower.

In order to prevent wind blowing between the gasifier and the ember furnace, preferably, an openable and closable isolation door is provided on the transitional slagging section, and the isolation door is used to isolate the gasifier and the ember furnace. At the initial stage of furnace start-up or when it is necessary to control the blowing wind between the gasifier and the incinerator, close the isolation door. When a certain amount of residue is piled up in the slag section to form a stacking seal, the isolation door can be kept open to push the material with the residue below. Coordinated use of devices to achieve continuous gasification incineration of waste.

A treatment method of a double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system, the method is carried out according to the following steps:

Step A. Close the gate of the double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator and the atmospheric ventilation, start the double-layer garbage gasification incinerator, put the garbage raw materials into the feeding bin, and the garbage pusher reciprocates and pushes the material multiple times, and will The garbage materials falling from the feed bin are pushed into the stacking sealing section between the feeding bin and the gasifier, so that the stacking sealing section forms a stacking sealing state, and the excess garbage falls into the moving hearth of the gasifier and is gasified. The moving hearth of the furnace works to transport the garbage into the transitional slagging section, and the residue pusher reciprocates and pushes the material multiple times to push the garbage on the transitional slagging section into the ember furnace, and the mobile hearth of the ember furnace works to convey Garbage, until the garbage is piled up to the required thickness on the moving hearth of the gasification furnace and embering furnace, stop feeding to the feed bin, and the moving hearth of the gasification furnace and embering furnace stops working, and then use the ignition burner The ignition and combustion-supporting holes of the gasification furnace and the embering furnace are respectively communicated with the hearths of the gasification furnace and the embering furnace, and under the action of the ignition burner, the gasification furnace and the embering furnace are fired and baked. 1. The process is stably completed, so that the furnace of the gasifier and ember furnace reaches the predetermined temperature of 600-700°C;

Step B: start and adjust the circulating air supply system, adjust the process parameters of the gasifier, ember furnace and circulating air supply system, feed materials to the feed bin, and transport the garbage to the moving hearth of the gasifier. Combustion starts in the furnace, and garbage residues accumulate at the transitional slagging section to form a pile seal, so that the combustion state temperature in the furnace of the gasifier is stabilized above 850°C, and the moving hearth of the ember furnace works to output the embered garbage residue;

Step C. Adjust the process parameters of the gasification furnace, the ember furnace and the circulating air supply system. The gasification furnace gradually gasifies the garbage, so that the gasifier can stably produce 10%-20% of synthetic gas, and the ember furnace The temperature in the combustion state is stable above 850°C, and the high-temperature flue gas enters the primary air chamber of the gasification furnace from the second flue gas outlet, and is fed into the gasification furnace to realize continuous gasification and incineration of waste;

Step D. When maintenance or shutdown is required, stop feeding, adjust the process parameters of the gasifier, ember furnace and circulating air supply system, so that the gasifier gradually returns to the burning state, and shut down after the garbage and garbage residues are burned. Double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator and circulating air supply system.

In order to comprehensively control the cyclone combustion chamber, the double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator and the circulating air supply system, preferably, in step C, each process parameter of the cyclone combustion chamber is adjusted at the same time, so that the third smoke of the cyclone combustion chamber The temperature of the gas outlet is stable above 850°C; in step D, adjust the process parameters of the cyclone combustion chamber at the same time, so that the gasifier gradually returns to the combustion state, and close the cyclone combustion chamber after the synthesis gas is burnt out.

Due to the above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. There is a stacking sealing section between the feeding bin and the gasifier, so that the front of the gasifier can be sealed for stacking, and the transitional slag section of the gasifier and the ember furnace can also form a stacking sealing state, so that A stockpile seal can be formed at the rear of the gasifier, which improves the heat insulation performance of the gasifier, prevents heat leakage and saves fuel during the gasification and incineration process of waste.

2. The gasification furnace and the ember furnace are installed separately. The front and rear arches of the gasification furnace are respectively provided with secondary air supply outlets. Two flue gas outlets, the second flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas pipe, which simplifies the circulating air supply system, greatly reduces the impurities in the gasifier flue gas, can provide higher quality flue gas, and makes the flue gas The utilization rate is higher, and the waste residue discharged is less.

3. The ember furnace is located below the gasifier, which greatly reduces the length and space occupied by the incinerator.

4. The utility model has a novel concept and a large amount of garbage treatment. The garbage material layer undergoes drying, gasification and residue burning stages on the mechanical grate. It adapts to the characteristics of high water content and complex components of domestic garbage in my country, and improves the garbage treatment. The energy conversion efficiency in the process and the reduction of pollutant emissions in the flue gas can effectively prevent secondary pollution, and can realize large-scale continuous gasification and incineration of garbage, ensuring the effect of gasification and incineration of garbage and the rate of thermal ignition of ash. Reduce heat loss and improve heat exchange efficiency, improving thermal efficiency.

5. The blower blows air into the ember furnace to provide primary air through the second regulating valve on the corresponding pipeline to adjust the air supply volume, so that the residue of the ember furnace can be fully burned; the blower blows air into the flue gas pipeline to provide temperature-regulated air supply, through The second regulating valve on the corresponding pipeline adjusts the air supply volume, so that the flue gas pipeline provides primary air at a suitable temperature for the primary air chamber of the gasifier. Then, the high-temperature fan extracts the flue gas in the primary air chamber of the gasifier, and passes The fourth regulating valve on the branch pipe of the manifold regulates the wind pressure of the flue gas. After the fly ash is collected by the cyclone separator and the temperature is adjusted, the flue gas with a certain pressure is supplied to the secondary air of the gasifier and passes through the first manifold. The first regulating valve on the corresponding branch pipe adjusts the air supply volume, so that the garbage in the gasification furnace is gasified, and the flue gas containing a certain amount of synthesis gas is discharged from the first flue gas outlet and enters the treatment link of the cyclone combustion chamber. The cyclone combustion chamber provides High temperature flue gas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cyclone combustor in Fig. 1 .

reference sign

1 is a double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator, 101 is a furnace rack, 102 is a feeding bin, 103 is a gasification furnace, 104 is an ember furnace, 105 is a mobile hearth, 106 is a garbage pusher, 107 is the primary air chamber, 108 is the stacking sealing section, 109 is the transition slag falling section, 110 is the residue pusher, 111 is the isolation door, 112 is the first flue gas outlet, 113 is the second flue gas outlet, 114 is the Ignition combustion hole, 115 is the secondary air supply port, 116 is the flue gas pipe;

2 is the circulating air supply system, 201 is the dust removal device, 202 is the first fan, 203 is the second fan, 204 is the first manifold, 205 is the second manifold, 206 is the third manifold, 207 is the first regulator valve, 208 is the second regulating valve, 209 is the third regulating valve, 210 is the fourth manifold, 211 is the fourth regulating valve, 212 is the fifth regulating valve;

3 is the whirlwind combustion chamber, 301 is the ignition and combustion-supporting hole of the combustion chamber, 302 is the cone-shaped slag outlet, 303 is the flue gas inlet, 304 is the third flue gas outlet, and 305 is the combustion-supporting air supply port.

detailed description

Referring to Fig. 1, it is a preferred embodiment of a double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator system, including a double-layer garbage gasification incinerator 1, and the double-layer garbage gasification incinerator 1 includes a furnace frame 101, A feeding bin 102 and a gasification furnace 103 are sequentially arranged on the furnace rack 101 along the feeding direction, and an ember furnace 104 is also arranged on the furnace rack 101, and the ember furnace 104 is located at the front of the gasifier 103. Below, the feeding direction of the ember furnace 104 is opposite to that of the gasification furnace 103. The gasification furnace 103 mainly gasifies the charcoal part of the garbage, and discharges combustible gasification flue gas and garbage residues for combustion. The ember furnace 104 mainly performs combustion treatment of residual charcoal and discharges harmless ash. The part of the furnace frame 101 between the outlet of the feed bin 102 and the inlet of the gasifier 103 is provided with a stacking seal section 108, and the outlet of the gasifier 103 and the feed of the ember furnace 104 A transitional slagging section 109 is provided on the part of the grate 101 between the openings, and the transitional slagging section 109 can form a sealed state of stacking.

Described grate 101 is provided with rubbish pusher 106, and described rubbish pusher 106 is positioned at the below of feeding bin 102, and the pushing head of rubbish pusher 106 stretches in the stacking seal section 108, is used for feeding The garbage in the silo 102 is pushed into the gasifier 103, the push head of the garbage pusher 106 advances half the stroke in the stacking sealing section 108, the garbage raw material is put into the feed bin 102 and falls, and the garbage pusher 106 retreats, Propel again, reciprocate multiple times push material and form stockpiling in stockpiling sealing section 108, make gasification furnace 103 inlet be in stockpiling sealing state, strengthen gasification furnace 103 sealing effect, solve rubbish pusher 106 and feeding bin 102 easily Air leak problem. When it is necessary to completely clean the furnace and dispose of all the garbage, the garbage pusher 106 is pushed forward half a stroke, and the garbage is completely pushed into the gasifier 103, so that the gasifier 103 inlet loses the sealing effect of stacking.

The furnace frame 101 is provided with a residue pusher 110, the residue pusher 110 is located between the gasification furnace 103 and the ember furnace 104, and the push head of the residue pusher 110 extends into the transition slag section 109 , used to push the falling garbage residues in the gasification furnace 103 into the ember furnace 104 . The transitional slag falling section 109 can be in the state of stacking and sealing when garbage residues are piled up, which can enhance the sealing effect of the gasifier 103 and solve the problem of cross-wind between the gasifier 103 and the ember furnace 104 . In this embodiment, the transitional slagging section 109 is provided with an openable and closable isolation door 111 , and the isolation door 111 is used to isolate the gasifier 103 and the ember furnace 104 . At the initial stage of starting the furnace or when it is necessary to control the blowing wind between the gasifier 103 and the incinerator, close the isolation door 111. After a certain amount of residue is piled up in the slag section to form a stacking seal, the isolation door 111 can be kept open, and the The residue pusher 110 is used in coordination to realize the continuous gasification and incineration treatment of garbage.

The gasification furnace 103 and the ember furnace 104 respectively include a furnace shell and a movable hearth 105. The front and rear of the gasification furnace 103 are respectively sealed by a stacking sealing section 108 and a transitional slagging section 109. The slag section 109 isolates the gasifier 103 and the ember furnace 104 so that the gasifier 103 and the ember furnace 104 are independent of each other. The moving hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103 and the ember furnace 104 all adopt the mechanical grate type moving hearth 105 independently driven by sections. The grate plates overlap front and back, and are arranged alternately. Multiple groups of adjacent movable grate plates are connected by tie rods and driven by a set of driving devices. The mechanical grate type moving hearth 105 is used as a carrier for transporting garbage, and its implementation can be various types of moving hearth 105, such as chain plate type, drum type, multi-stage type grate system, etc.

The bottom of the moving hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103 and the moving hearth 105 of the ember furnace 104 are respectively provided with at least one independent primary air chamber 107, which is connected with the primary air chamber 107 in the front half of the gasification furnace 103. The corresponding grate and drive device are used as the drying section of the gasifier 103 moving hearth 105, and the grate and drive device corresponding to the primary air chamber 107 in the second half of the gasifier 103 are used as the gasifier 103 moving hearth 105 gasification section. The drying section and the gasification section of the hearth 105 of the gasifier 103 can use 1-2 independent primary air chambers 107 for air supply, or 3-4 independent primary air chambers 107 for air supply. Of course, the fire grate, the driving device and the primary air chamber 107 may not be arranged correspondingly, so as to better adjust the relationship between the movement of the upper material layer of the movable hearth 105 and the air distribution. The embers 104 can use 1-4 independent primary air chambers 107 to supply air, and after embers, the ash is discharged from the slag outlet, and enters the next processing procedure.

The gasification furnace 103 and the ember furnace 104 are arched respectively. In order to better adapt to the installation space in the factory, the front arch of the gasification furnace 103 is a straight structure, or the front arch of the gasification furnace 103 The arch is a structure with the rear end sloping upwards. The front arch and the rear arch of the gasification furnace 103 are respectively provided with secondary air supply ports 115, the vault of the gasification furnace 103 is provided with a first flue gas outlet 112, and the gasification flue gas in the gasification furnace 103 flows from the second A flue gas outlet 112 is removed, and the furnace space of the gasifier 103 is relatively reduced compared with the traditional garbage incinerator; the relative positions of the front and rear arches and the movable hearth 105 become smaller, reducing the space occupied by the incinerator and making It is easy to keep warm, reduces the leakage of heat, and is conducive to the full gasification of garbage. The vault of the ember furnace 104 is provided with a second flue gas outlet 113 corresponding to the primary air chamber 107 below the moving hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103, and the second flue gas outlet 113 and the corresponding primary air chamber 107 pass through the flue gas The pipeline 116 is connected, and the gasification furnace 103 and the ember furnace 104 are respectively provided with ignition and combustion-supporting holes 114;

It also includes a circulating air supply system 2, which includes a dust removal device 201, a first fan 202, and a second fan 203. In order to effectively remove dust from the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the ember furnace 104, preferably, the The dust removal device 201 is a cyclone separator or a high-temperature dust collector; the first fan 202 is a high-temperature fan, which is beneficial to work in a high-temperature environment, and the second fan 203 is a blower. The intake end of the dust removal device 201 is connected to the main pipe of the fourth manifold 210, and the branch pipe of the fourth manifold 210 is connected to the primary air chamber 107 below the moving hearth 105 of the gasifier 103. The fourth manifold A fourth regulating valve 211 is set on the branch pipe of the pipe 210, the air outlet end of the dust removal device 201 is connected to the inlet end of the first fan 202 through a pipe, and the air outlet end of the first fan 202 is connected to the main pipe of the first manifold 204 , the branch pipes of the first manifold 204 communicate with the secondary air supply ports 115 on the front and rear arches of the gasifier 103 respectively, and the first regulating valves 207 are respectively arranged on the branch pipes of the first manifold 204, so The air inlet of the second fan 203 communicates with the atmosphere, the gas outlet of the second fan 203 is connected to the main pipe of the second manifold 205, and the branch pipes of the second manifold 205 are connected with the flue gas pipeline 116 and the burner respectively. 104 communicates with the primary air chamber 107 below the moving hearth 105 , and each branch of the second manifold 205 is respectively provided with a second regulating valve 208 .

The blower blows air into the ember furnace to provide primary air for the ember furnace, and adjusts the air supply through the second regulating valve on the corresponding pipeline, so that the residue of the ember furnace can be fully burned; The second regulating valve on the pipeline adjusts the air supply volume, so that the flue gas pipeline 116 can provide primary air at a suitable temperature to the primary air chamber of the gasification furnace. The fourth regulating valve on the branch pipe of the manifold regulates the wind pressure of the flue gas. After the fly ash is collected by the cyclone separator and the temperature is adjusted, the flue gas with a certain pressure is supplied to the secondary air of the gasifier and passes through the first manifold. The first regulating valve on the corresponding branch pipe adjusts the air supply volume, so that the garbage in the gasification furnace is gasified, and the flue gas containing a certain amount of synthesis gas is discharged from the first flue gas outlet and enters the treatment link of the cyclone combustion chamber. The cyclone combustion chamber provides High temperature flue gas.

The primary air of the gasification furnace 103 is: the flue gas produced by the ember furnace 104 enters the corresponding primary air chamber 107 under the moving hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103 through the flue gas pipe 116, and then passes through the primary air hole on the moving hearth 105 The spray penetrates through the garbage to be gasified, and the air supply volume is adjusted through the first regulating valve 207 corresponding to each branch pipe. The secondary air of the gasification furnace 103 is: the high-temperature fan extracts the flue gas in the primary air chamber 107 of the gasification furnace 103, and adjusts the wind pressure of the flue gas through the fourth regulating valve on the branch pipe of the fourth manifold. After the fly ash is collected by the cyclone separator, flue gas with a certain pressure is blown into the furnace of the gasification furnace 103, and the injection holes are arranged on the front arch and the rear arch of the gasification furnace 103. The front and rear arches are provided with secondary air supply ports 115 to improve the gasification efficiency and enhance the decomposition of high molecular substances in the flue gas. The ignition and combustion-supporting hole 114 provided on the rear arch of the gasifier is used for starting the furnace, drying the furnace and stabilizing the temperature in the gasifier 103 . The primary air of the ember furnace 104 is: the air blower blows air of a certain pressure into the corresponding primary air chamber 107 below the mechanical grate type movable hearth 105, and then sprays through the primary air holes on the movable hearth 105 to penetrate the residue to carry out The residue is burned, and the air supply volume is adjusted through the second regulating valve 208 corresponding to each branch pipe.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 . The upper end of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with a combustion chamber ignition and combustion-supporting hole 301, and the lower end of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 is provided with a tapered slag outlet 302 whose radius becomes smaller from top to bottom. A flue gas inlet 303 is set, and a third flue gas outlet 304 is arranged at the bottom of the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber 3. A number of combustion-supporting air supply ports 305 are evenly arranged on the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber 3, and each combustion-supporting air supply port 305 They are all located between the flue gas inlet 303 and the third flue gas outlet 304 . The flue gas inlet 303 and the third flue gas outlet 304 are located on opposite sides of the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 ; the third flue gas outlet 304 is arranged radially or tangentially along the circumferential wall of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 . It also includes a third manifold 206, the main pipe of the third manifold 206 communicates with the air outlet of the second fan 203, each branch of the third manifold 206 communicates with each combustion air supply port 305 respectively, the third manifold Each branch of the pipe 206 is respectively provided with a third regulating valve 209 . The flue gas inlet 303 of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 and the combustion-supporting air supply port are all arranged on the peripheral wall of the cyclone combustion chamber 3, which can make the flue gas and air in the cyclone combustion chamber 3 mix for a longer time, mix more uniformly, and burn more fully . The combustion-supporting air supply of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 is that the blower blows air of a certain pressure into the combustion-supporting air supply port and injects it into the cyclone combustion chamber 3. The direction of the combustion-supporting air supply can be radial or tangential; and the syngas is burned. At the same time, the high-temperature fan extracts the flue gas from the ember furnace 104 to generate a certain pressure and blows it into the corresponding primary air chamber 107 below the mechanical grate type movable hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103 and the secondary air chambers on the front and rear arches of the gasification furnace 103 , in order to utilize the unused remaining part of the flue gas extracted by the high-temperature fan, preferably, the first manifold 204 also has a branch pipe connected to the flue gas inlet of the cyclone combustion chamber, and the fifth regulating valve 212 is arranged on the branch pipe . The unused remaining part of the flue gas extracted by the high-temperature fan is injected into the cyclone combustor 3 through the flue gas inlet of the cyclone combustor 3, and the synthesis gas is burned, and the air supply volume is adjusted through the fifth regulating valve 212. This structure can reduce heat loss and Improve heat exchange efficiency, greatly improve heat recovery efficiency, and can effectively reduce pollutant emissions.

A treatment method of a double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system, the method is carried out according to the following steps:

Step A, close the double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator 1 and the gate of atmospheric ventilation, start the double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator 1, put the garbage raw materials into the feeding bin 102, and the garbage pusher 106 Reciprocate and push the material multiple times, push the garbage raw materials falling from the feeding bin 102 into the stacking sealing section 108 between the feeding bin 102 and the gasifier 103, so that the stacking sealing section 108 forms a stacking sealed state, and the redundant Garbage falls into the moving hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103, and the moving hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103 works to transport the garbage into the transition slagging section 109, and the residue pusher 110 reciprocates and pushes the material multiple times, and the transition slagging section The garbage on 109 is pushed into the embering furnace 104, and the moving hearth 105 of the embering furnace 104 works to transport the garbage until the garbage is piled up to the required thickness: 0.6 -0.8m, when the furnace is baked, the accumulated rubbish can protect the movable hearth 105 and prevent the hearth 105 from being burned. Stop feeding material to feed bin 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and ember furnace 104 stops working, then, pass through the ignition combustion-supporting hole 114 of gasification furnace 103 and ember furnace 104 respectively with gasification with ignition burner The hearth of the furnace 103 and the ember furnace 104 are connected. Under the action of the ignition burner, the gasification furnace 103 and the ember furnace 104 are started and baked. The hearth of ember furnace 104 reaches the predetermined temperature of 600-700°C; the purpose of the oven is to remove the natural water and crystallization water in the lining, so as to avoid the furnace body from swelling and cracking due to the rapid rise of the furnace temperature and the large amount of water expansion during the start-up. Bubbling or deformation or even the collapse of the furnace wall will affect the strength and service life of the furnace wall of the heating furnace.

Step B, start and adjust the circulating air supply system 2, adjust the process parameters of the gasifier 103, the ember furnace 104 and the circulating air supply system 2 (the speed of the pusher, the speed of the grate, the primary air temperature, air pressure and air volume, the second Secondary wind temperature, wind pressure and air volume, furnace temperature, negative pressure in the furnace, material layer thickness, etc.), feeding material to the feed bin 102, the moving hearth 105 of the gasification furnace 103 works to transport garbage, and the garbage is in the gasification furnace 103 Combustion starts in the furnace, and garbage residues are piled up at the transitional slagging section 109 to form a stacking seal, so that the combustion state temperature in the furnace of the gasifier 103 is stabilized above 850°C, and the moving hearth 105 of the ember furnace 104 works to output combustion. Ashes of rubbish residue.

Step C, adjusting the gasifier 103, the ember furnace 104 and each process parameter of the circulating air supply system 2 (the speed of the pusher, the speed of the grate, the primary air temperature, air pressure and air volume, the secondary air temperature, air pressure and Air volume, furnace temperature, furnace negative pressure, material layer thickness, etc.), the gasification furnace 103 gradually gasifies the garbage, and at the same time adjusts the process parameters of the cyclone combustion chamber 3, and the gasification temperature is stable at 700-800°C. The gasification furnace 103 is made to stably produce high-temperature flue gas containing 10%-20% syngas, and the gasification state of the gasification furnace 103 is stable for low-temperature, medium-temperature or high-temperature gasification. Stabilize the temperature of the combustion state of the ember furnace 104 to above 850°C, and the high-temperature flue gas enters the primary air chamber of the gasification furnace from the second flue gas outlet, and feeds into the gasification furnace, and the temperature of the third flue gas outlet 304 of the cyclone combustion chamber 3 Stable to above 850°C, realizing continuous gasification and incineration of garbage.

Step D, when maintenance or shutdown is required, stop feeding, adjust the process parameters of the gasifier 103, the ember furnace 104, the cyclone combustion chamber 3 and the circulating air supply system 2, so that the gasifier 103 gradually returns to the combustion state. After the garbage and garbage residues are burned, the double-layer mechanical grate type garbage gasification incinerator 1 and the circulating air supply system 2 are closed.

Finally, it is noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it can be described in the form Various changes can be made in the above and in the details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a double-deck stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, comprises double-deck refuse gasification incinerator,It is characterized in that: described double-deck refuse gasification incinerator comprises grate, on described grate, complies with along feedstock directionInferior feed hopper, the gasification furnace of being provided with, is also provided with incinerator on described grate, described incinerator is positioned at gasificationUnder stove, the feedstock direction of incinerator is contrary with the feedstock direction of gasification furnace, described feed hopper dischargingMouthful with gasification furnace charging aperture between grate part be provided with windrow seal section, described gasification furnace discharging opening andGrate part between the charging aperture of incinerator is provided with the transition slag section that falls, and the transition slag section that falls can form windrowSealing state, described grate is provided with garbage pusher device, residue pusher, and described garbage pusher device is positioned atThe below of feed hopper, cutting somebody's hair of garbage pusher device stretched in windrow seal section, for by the rubbish in feed hopperRubbish pushes in gasification furnace, described residue pusher between gasification furnace and incinerator, residue pusherCut somebody's hair and stretch into transition and fall in slag section, for the rubbish residue falling in gasification furnace is pushed in incinerator;

Described gasification furnace, incinerator comprise respectively furnace shell, moving hearth, the forward and backward side of described gasification furnaceRespectively by fall slag section sealing of windrow seal section, transition, described transition fall slag section isolation gasification furnace, burnStove, makes gasification furnace, incinerator separate;

The below of the below of described gasification furnace moving hearth and described incinerator moving hearth be respectively equipped with toA few independent air compartment arranging, described gasification furnace, incinerator are respectively the shape that arches upward, described gasificationSecondary is set respectively for air port on the face arch of stove, rear arch, the vault of described gasification furnace arranges the first flue gas and goes outMouthful, the vault of described incinerator arranges a wind of the below of the second exhanst gas outlet and gasification furnace moving hearthChamber correspondence, the second exhanst gas outlet connects by flue with a corresponding air compartment, described gasification furnace,On incinerator, be respectively equipped with igniting combustion supporting hole;

Also comprise circulation air feed system, described circulation air feed system comprises dust arrester, the first blower fan,Two blower fans, the inlet end of described dust arrester connects the house steward of the 4th manifold, the arm of described the 4th manifoldBe connected with an air compartment of the below of gasification furnace moving hearth, on the arm of described the 4th manifold, arrange the 4thControl valve, the outlet side of described dust arrester is connected with the inlet end of the first blower fan by pipeline, and describedThe outlet side of one blower fan connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of described the first manifold respectively with gasification furnace beforeSecondary on arch, rear arch is communicated with for air port, on each arm of described the first manifold, the first adjusting is set respectivelyValve, the air inlet of described the second blower fan is communicated with atmosphere, and the gas outlet of described the second blower fan connects the second discriminationThe house steward of pipe, the arm of described the second manifold is respectively with flue and incinerator moving hearth belowOne time air compartment is communicated with, and on each arm of described the second manifold, the second control valve is set respectively.

2. the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of one according to claim 1 refuse gasification CIU, its spyLevy and be: also comprise the cyclone combustion chamber for second-time burning, the upper end of described cyclone combustion chamber is provided with combustionBurn igniting combustion supporting hole, chamber, the lower end of cyclone combustion chamber is provided with the taper slag notch that radius diminishes from top to bottom,The top of described cyclone combustion chamber circle wall arranges smoke inlet, the bottom of described cyclone combustion chamber circle wallThe 3rd exhanst gas outlet is set, in the circle wall of described cyclone combustion chamber, is evenly provided with some combustion airs for air port,Each combustion air supplies air port all between smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet.

3. the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of one according to claim 2 refuse gasification CIU, its spyLevy and be: described smoke inlet, the 3rd exhanst gas outlet are positioned at the opposition side of cyclone combustion chamber circle wall; InstituteStating the 3rd exhanst gas outlet radially or tangentially arranges along cyclone combustion chamber circle wall.

4. according to the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of one described in claim 2 or 3 refuse gasification CIU,It is characterized in that: also comprise the 3rd manifold, the gas outlet of the house steward of described the 3rd manifold and the second blower fan connectsLogical, each arm of described the 3rd manifold is communicated with for air port with each combustion air respectively, each arm of the 3rd manifoldUpper the 3rd control valve that arranges respectively.

5. according to the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of one described in claim 2 or 3 refuse gasification CIU,It is characterized in that: described the first manifold also has an arm being connected with cyclone combustion chamber smoke inlet,This arm is provided with the 5th control valve.

6. the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of one according to claim 1 refuse gasification CIU, its spyLevy and be: described dust arrester is cyclone separator or hot precipitator; Described the first blower fan is high temperatureBlower fan, described the second blower fan is air blast.

7. the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of one according to claim 1 refuse gasification CIU, its spyLevy and be: described transition falls in slag section and is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed, and described isolating door will be for gasifyingStove, incinerator cut off.

8. the double-deck stoker fired grate formula of one according to claim 1 refuse gasification CIU, its spyLevy and be: the face arch of described gasification furnace is straight structure, or the face arch of gasification furnace is that rear end is to updipBiassed fabric.