CN212224393U

CN212224393U - Novel decorate heat preservation and separate heat block and wall structure

Info

Publication number: CN212224393U
Application number: CN202020283526.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚茂国; 姚钬东; 姚宜程
Original assignee: Ningbo Kede Building Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Yao Maoguo
Priority date: 2020-03-10
Filing date: 2020-03-10
Publication date: 2020-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel decorative heat-preservation and heat-insulation building block and a wall structure, which is provided with an integrated heat-preservation and heat-insulation base layer and a decorative surface layer (two types of inner and outer double surfaces and outdoor single surface), wherein the heat-preservation and heat-insulation base layer is made and molded by adopting lightweight aggregate or common concrete and is solid; the heat-insulating base layer and the decorative surface layer are molded into an integral structure while being manufactured and molded, the surface of the outer decorative surface layer can be made into a stone-like surface or a wood-like surface, the texture is good, the durability is good, the surface of the inner decorative surface layer can also be made into decorative surfaces such as stone-like, wood-like, brick-like and cloth-like surfaces, and the integration of decoration, heat insulation and heat insulation of the building block is realized. The wall body is formed by building blocks matched with cement mortar in a bonding mode, heat-preservation and heat-insulation strips (decoration strips) are arranged on the inner side and the outer side between opposite surfaces of adjacent blocks, and strip-shaped flat steels are arranged in the annular grooves of the adjacent blocks in an opposite mode, so that the wall body has the advantages of being light in weight, high in strength, heat-preservation, decorative, shock-resistant, durable and easy to construct.

Description

Novel decorate heat preservation and separate heat block and wall structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the light wall material, more specifically say so and relate to a collect and decorate, keep warm and insulate against heat in concrete preparation building block structure of an organic whole to and adopt the wall structure that this building block built by laying bricks or stones.

Background

The traditional construction external wall construction process is generally that after a main body reinforced concrete frame is finished, a wall material is built or a brick-concrete structure main body is finished, then external wall plastering cement mortar is carried out, heat preservation is carried out, water proofing is carried out, a decorative surface is carried out again, and the like. After a general building block wall (brick wall) of the interior wall of a house is finished, pipelines such as a water and electricity network are installed, wall decoration is carried out after wall plastering, or after wall plastering, the pipeline is embedded by slotting, and then interior wall decoration is carried out, so that the defects of multiple processes, material waste, high labor cost and the like exist. Along with the rapid development of urbanization in China, the national requirements on environmental protection, energy conservation, heat preservation, heat insulation, quality and the like of building engineering are higher and higher, and meanwhile, the research and development and popularization of the componentization and multifunctional integrated wall material of the fabricated building are encouraged. Therefore, the masonry material with the functions of heat preservation, decoration and the like integrated becomes the mainstream trend of the green energy-saving building wall material in the market at present.

However, some existing decorative heat-insulating building blocks still have some defects due to the reasons of raw materials, structures, manufacturing methods and the like, and the requirements of modern building quality cannot be met by poor practicability, troublesome process, decorative surface effect and the like. For example, the publication No. CN103360008B discloses a decorative integrated self-insulation recycled concrete block and a manufacturing method thereof, which mainly utilize a large amount of mining production waste as a block raw material and combine with a thermal insulation through hole structure design to achieve the purposes of self-insulation, energy conservation, environmental protection and cost reduction. However, the decoration is formed by coating the coating layer on the outer side of the building block, so that the decoration effect is poor, and the coating is easy to age and fade; and the wall can be seriously damaged when the heat-insulating through hole is used for installing a water and electricity pipe during decoration, cement paste is not paved well during installation, the waste is large, the construction is slow, and building blocks cannot be made into large specifications. The invention also discloses a heat-insulating external decoration integrated concrete composite building block and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the publication number is CN106522458B, although the integration of the heat-insulating building block and a decorative plate is realized, the compatibility of the composite of the decorative plate and cement is poor, the decorative plate and the cement can not be exposed outside for a long time, and the building block can not be exposed to the sun in burning and can not be shrunk on cooling in winter. The arrangement of the heat-insulating core blocks in the building blocks can increase the cost and cause trouble in manufacturing, and the hollow structure also has the defects that the wall can be seriously damaged due to the installation of water and electricity pipes, cement paste is not paved well during installation, and the hollow structure is not suitable for large specification construction. Therefore, the existing decoration and heat preservation integrated building block needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the first technical problem that provide an intensity height, decorative cover feel good, the durability is good to above-mentioned prior art current situation, keeps warm, light, save labour, shock-resistant concrete preparation building block structure, realize decorate, keep warm, with thermal-insulated integration.

The utility model aims to solve the second technical problem that a wall structure that uses above-mentioned building block to build by laying bricks or stones is provided, makes wall structure have light, high strength, thermal-insulated, keep warm, decorate, durable and easy characteristics of being under construction.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned first technical problem adopted does: the novel decorative heat-preservation and heat-insulation building block is provided with a heat-preservation and heat-insulation base layer and a decorative surface layer which are integrated, and is characterized in that the heat-preservation and heat-insulation base layer is made of light aggregate concrete or common concrete (walls, retaining walls and the like which are not used for building engineering requiring light weight) and is solid, and an annular groove for embedding strip-shaped flat steel is formed in the thickness direction of the building block; the heat preservation and insulation basic unit at least one side in preceding, the back be equipped with the architectural surface, the architectural surface make by the same or different material with heat preservation and insulation basic unit, heat preservation and insulation basic unit make the shaping simultaneously with the architectural surface shaping structure as an organic whole.

The heat-insulating base layer is preferably made of lightweight aggregate concrete containing building ceramsite, so that the solid building blocks have the advantages of light weight, high strength, heat insulation, environmental protection and the like, and building blocks with different sizes, thicknesses and specifications can be manufactured according to different requirements. The heat-insulating base layer can be prepared by using waste building garbage or waste factory mineral materials according to the requirements of application, designed compressive strength and the like.

The decorative surface layer and the heat-insulating base layer are made of the same material, the decorative surface layer and the heat-insulating base layer are made into an integral structure at one time, and one or more layers of glass fiber gridding cloth can be paved in the middle of the decorative surface layer to improve the anti-cracking strength.

According to different requirements, the decorative layer can be arranged on the front surface of the heat insulation base layer to serve as an outdoor wall decorative surface, and the decorative layers can be arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the heat insulation base layer to serve as an outdoor wall decorative surface and an indoor wall decorative surface respectively. In order to enrich and improve the decorative surface effect of the building block, the material selected for the decorative surface layer is different from that of the heat insulation base layer, the forming is carried out by times, wherein the front decorative surface layer is formed firstly, the ingredients can comprise cement, real stone sand grains, pigment powder and the like, and the surface can be formed into a stone-like surface or a wood-like surface; the stone-like colored sand can be better selected, so that the decorative surface of the building block presents color stone texture. The rear decorative surface layer can be made of the same or different materials as the front decorative surface layer, and the surface effect of the rear decorative surface layer is formed by compression molding. The interior of the front and rear decorative layers can also be lined with glass fiber gridding cloth.

The building block is also provided with a flanging water retaining structure, and is formed by a shoulder formed by the top of the decorative surface layer lower than the top of the heat-preservation heat-insulation base layer, so that the effect of blocking rainwater from infiltrating into the mortar joint in rainy days is achieved.

The outer surface of the decorative surface layer can be formed into a simulated granite surface or a simulated sandstone surface or a simulated marble surface.

The building block is square, wherein the thickness of the front decorative surface layer is preferably 2-3 cm. The section of the annular groove in the thickness direction of the building block is trapezoidal.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned second technical problem adopted does: the building blocks are matched with cement mortar for bonding and building, heat-insulating strips (decorative strips) are arranged on the inner side and the outer side between opposite surfaces of adjacent building blocks, and the annular grooves of the adjacent building blocks are opposite and are internally provided with strip-shaped flat steel fixed through waterproof adhesive or waterproof cement mortar. The heat preservation and insulation strip plays a role in sealing the heat insulation broken bridge and blocking paving cement mortar to ensure that the thickness and the width of the heat insulation broken bridge are consistent and the waste of the cement mortar which drops during paving is reduced. When the building block is used as an indoor wall, the heat-insulating strips are painted or made into decorative division strips by other processes; the strip-shaped flat steel can play a role in enhancing the seismic resistance of the wall body and sealing and retaining water.

And two ends of the strip-shaped flat steel are fixedly connected with main frame columns (or the front wall body and the rear wall body are integrally connected) of the wall body. In addition, heat-insulating waterproof sealant is embedded in a groove formed between adjacent building blocks in front of the wall body.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of: the building block has no artificially designed heat insulation hole and hollow structure, and the solid heat insulation base layer has the advantages of light weight, high strength and heat insulation by utilizing the material characteristics of the solid heat insulation base layer; the decorative surface layer can be made into an indoor wall side surface and an outdoor wall side surface, the outer wall side surface can be made into various stone-like surfaces and wood-like surfaces, the texture is good, the durability is good, the inner wall side surface can also be made into decorative surfaces such as stone-like surfaces, brick-like surfaces, wood-like surfaces and cloth-like surfaces, the building blocks are integrated with decoration, heat preservation and heat insulation, and the wall body has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, heat insulation, heat preservation, decoration, durability and easiness in construction, so that the quality of building engineering is improved, the construction cost is reduced, and the construction period is greatly shortened.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a building block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wall body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the utility model discloses decorate heat preservation and thermal insulation building block has heat preservation and thermal insulation basic unit 1 and the decorative cover layer 2 of integrative structure, and the building block shown in this embodiment figure is the square body, but can also make other shapes according to customer's demand building block. The heat preservation and insulation base layer 1 is made of concrete and is made into a whole with the

decorative surface layers

2 and 11 at the same time of making and forming. The concrete of the heat-insulating base layer 1 can be prepared into light aggregate concrete or common concrete according to the application and the requirement of designed compressive strength, and can also be prepared by utilizing waste building garbage or waste factory mineral materials, but the light aggregate concrete containing building ceramsite is preferred, the building block has simple process and no artificial hollow or through hole design, the formed heat-insulating base layer is solid, an annular groove 5 for embedding a strip-shaped galvanized flat steel 6 is formed in the thickness direction of the building block, the annular groove 5 is arranged at the outer side part close to the decorative surface layer 2, and the section of the annular groove 5 in the thickness direction of the building block is trapezoidal. The galvanized flat steel 6 is added in the groove 5 to play a role in enhancing the shock resistance and sealing water retaining of the building block wall body, the galvanized flat steel 6 is embedded when the wall is built, and two ends of the galvanized flat steel 6 are fixedly connected with the main frame column (or the front wall body and the rear wall body) according to the standard.

The decorative surface layer 2 can be made of the same or different materials as the heat preservation and insulation base layer 1, and when the same materials are selected, the building block can be formed at one time. But in order to enrich and improve the effect of the decorative surface of the building block, more, the material selected for the decorative surface layer 2 is different from the heat preservation and insulation base layer, and the materials of the front and the back

decorative surface layers

2 and 11 can also be the same or different, the forming is carried out by times, and the forming of the front decorative surface layer is carried out in advance. According to specific requirements, the decorative surface layer of the building block can be a single surface or double surfaces, namely, a decorative surface layer is arranged in front of and/or behind the heat insulation base layer, the front decorative surface layer 2 serves as an outdoor wall edge decorative surface, and the rear decorative surface layer 11 serves as an indoor wall edge decorative surface. The front decorative surface layer 2 can adopt real stone sand grains as ingredients, so that the outer surface of the front decorative surface layer is formed into various stone-like surfaces or wood-like surfaces, and the real stone color sand can be preferably selected, so that the building block decorative surface presents color stone texture. Therefore, the surface of the building block can be made into the shape process effect of imitating the stone surface (fire surface, litchi surface, mushroom stone surface, natural surface and smooth surface) such as granite, sandstone, marble and the like or imitating the wood plate surface material according to the requirement. The inner decoration surface layer 11 is formed by compression molding, and can be pressed into modeling patterns of indoor decoration materials such as imitation stone, imitation wood, imitation brick, imitation cloth and the like according to the design or user requirements. In order to improve the anti-cracking strength, one or more layers of glass fiber mesh cloth 3 can be paved between the

decorative surface layers

2 and 11

The building block is also provided with a flanging water retaining structure 4, and is formed by a circular bead formed by the fact that the top of the front decoration surface layer is lower than the top of the heat preservation and insulation base layer, so that the effect of blocking rainwater from infiltrating into the mortar joint in a rainy day is achieved.

The building block can be manufactured by the following method:

the heat-insulating base layer 1 of the building block is made of different materials from the

decorative surface layers

2 and 11, and the heat-insulating base layer 1 is made of lightweight aggregate concrete.

The method comprises the following steps:

(1) and manufacturing a steel mould, wherein the specification can be used for manufacturing rectangles or squares (climate difference and wall thickness difference in north and south regions) according to the requirements of customers. The general specification in south is for interior wall usefulness: 200 x 400 x 150, 200 x 600 x 150, 200 x 800 x 150, 250 x 500 x 150, 250 x 750 x 150, 250 x 1000 x 150, 300 x 600 x 150, 300 x 900 x 150, etc., for exterior walls: 300 × 600 × 250, 300 × 900 × 250, 300 × 1200 × 250, 400 × 800 × 250, 400 × 1200 × 250, etc., in units of cm. The thickness of the inner wall in the cold region can be set to 150, 180, 250 and the like, and the thickness of the outer wall can be set to 300, 350, 370, 450 and the like, and the unit cm.

(2) According to the requirements of customers, various stone-like or wood-like models on the surface of the building block can be prepared by matching 3% of curing agent with silica gel of a mold, uniformly stirring, performing secondary molding on various stone materials (litchi surfaces, fire surfaces, mushroom stone surfaces and natural surfaces) or wood plate surfaces, manufacturing a bottom mold, and then paving the bottom mold at the bottom in the mold.

(3) And preparing the front decorative surface layer 2 material according to the weight ratio: 1 part of cement, 2-3 parts of real stone color sand (prepared according to the requirements of color and particle size gradation), 0.05 part of color powder for color mixing, and a proper amount of water and an early reinforcing agent.

(4) And putting the mixed fabric into a mould for compaction to meet the requirement that the bottom thickness is 2-3cm, and placing a layer of reinforced glass fiber mesh fabric 3 in the middle.

(5) Preparing heat-insulating base layer concrete according to the design requirement compressive strength, wherein the concrete comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 part of cement, 2-3 parts of sand, 3-5 parts of building ceramsite (or other aggregates) and auxiliary materials, mixing, then distributing into a mold, filling, compacting and flattening. If only the single veneer of the exterior wall of the room is required to be carried out according to the following operations (6) to (9) (namely, only the decorative veneer is arranged on the front surface of the heat insulation base layer). If the interior wall and the exterior wall of the building block are required to be decorated on both sides (namely, decorative finish layers are arranged on the front and the back of the heat insulation base layer), after concrete in the mould is filled, compacted and flattened, the surfaces are fully distributed with mixed colored or natural-color dry cement, fine sand and pigment powder, the mixture ratio is 1 part of cement, 1-2 parts of clean fine sand and 0.05 part of pigment powder, after the cement is leveled after being dewatered, silica gel moulds (the moulding silica gel moulds are carried out according to the process and the formula of the item (2) above) for moulding moulds of various moulding materials such as imitation stones, imitation bricks, imitation wood, imitation cloth and moulding patterns are used for moulding moulds, moulding treatment is carried out, and the required effect of interior decoration is achieved. Can also be finished in other indoor decoration projects, and then beautify and decorate the effect treatment.

(6) And maintaining according to the standard.

(7) And processing or not processing the surface of the building block (namely the surface of the decorative finish layer) according to requirements after removing the bottom die.

(8) And surface processing the color sand fabric: firstly, a cement corrosive agent is used for coating the surface of the building block, and then the building block is washed clean by clear water to expose the color real stone sand grains. And secondly, performing surface shot blasting or steel sand blasting treatment by using a shot blasting machine after the building block reaches a certain strength, removing a cement surface and exposing a colored sand surface.

(9) And finally, performing protection and waterproof treatment on the surface of the building block by using a wall surface protective agent.

Referring to fig. 2 again, the wall body built by the building blocks matched with cement mortar 8 is characterized in that heat preservation and heat insulation strips 7 are arranged on the inner side and the outer side between the opposite surfaces of the adjacent building blocks, specifically, when the building block wall is built, the heat preservation and heat insulation strips 7 with the height of 1cm and the width of 2cm are respectively bound on the inner side and the outer side of the left side and the right side of each building block, so that the effects of heat preservation and bridge cutoff sealing, paving and cement mortar blocking are achieved, the thickness and the width of the building block are consistent, and the waste of cement mortar. The masonry cement mortar 8 is prepared according to the design requirements or added with additives according to the ratio of 1: 4-1: 6. The annular grooves 5 of adjacent building blocks are opposite, the strip-shaped galvanized flat steel 6 is embedded inside the adjacent building blocks, the effects of strengthening the wall body in earthquake resistance, water resistance and heat insulation broken bridges are achieved, the galvanized flat steel 6 can be fully filled and fixed up and down by using waterproof adhesives or 1:2 waterproof cement mortar 9, and the two ends of the galvanized flat steel 6 are connected with the main frame columns (or integrally connected with the front wall body and the rear wall body) and fixed according to corresponding specifications. After each project of the building is completed, the groove formed between the adjacent building blocks in front of the wall body is cleaned before the scaffold of the outer wall is disassembled, and then the heat-preservation waterproof sealant 10 is embedded.

The wall body built by the building blocks has the advantages of high strength, good stone imitation effect, good texture, fastness of natural color sand surface, heat preservation, light weight, labor saving, material saving and the like, completely accords with the national industrial policy, and has the advantages of improving the quality of construction engineering, reducing the construction cost, greatly shortening the construction period and the like.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a novel decorate heat preservation and insulate against heat building block, has integrative heat preservation and insulate against heat basic unit and architectural surface, its characterized in that: the heat-preservation and heat-insulation base layer is made of lightweight aggregate concrete or common concrete and is solid, and an annular groove for embedding the strip-shaped flat steel is formed in the thickness direction of the building block; the heat preservation and insulation basic unit at least one side in preceding, the back be equipped with the architectural surface, the architectural surface make by the same or different material with heat preservation and insulation basic unit, heat preservation and insulation basic unit make the shaping simultaneously with the architectural surface shaping structure as an organic whole.

2. A novel decorative heat-preserving and heat-insulating building block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-insulating base layer is made of lightweight aggregate concrete containing building ceramsite.

3. A novel decorative heat-preserving and heat-insulating building block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the decorative surface layer and the heat-insulation base layer are made of the same material and are made into an integral structure at one time.

4. A novel decorative heat-preserving and heat-insulating building block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-preservation and heat-insulation base layer is provided with a decorative surface layer on the front surface and serves as an outdoor wall decorative surface; the decorative surface layer is different from the heat-preservation and heat-insulation base layer material, and is formed in the previous step by adopting decorative surface layer forming; the outer surface of the decorative surface layer is formed into a stone-like surface or a wood-like surface.

5. A novel decorative heat-preserving and heat-insulating building block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heat-insulating base layer is provided with decorative surface layers at the front and the back, and respectively used as an outdoor wall edge decorative surface and an indoor wall edge decorative surface; the front and rear decorative layers are made of different materials from the heat-insulating base layer, and the front decorative layer is formed in the first step; the surface of the front decorative surface layer is formed into a stone-like surface or a wood-like surface; the rear decorative layer and the front decorative layer are made of the same or different materials, and the surface effect is formed by compression molding.

6. A novel decorative heat-preserving and heat-insulating building block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the building block is also provided with a flanging water retaining structure which is formed by a circular bead formed by the top of the decorative surface layer lower than the top of the heat preservation and insulation base layer.

7. A novel decorative heat-preserving and heat-insulating building block as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the building block is square, wherein the thickness of a decorative surface layer arranged in front of a heat-insulation base layer is 2-3 cm; the section of the annular groove in the thickness direction of the building block is trapezoidal.

8. A novel decorative heat-insulating block as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: the decorative surface layer is internally lined with glass fiber gridding cloth.

9. A wall structure, characterized in that: the building block is formed by bonding and building the building blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 7 with cement mortar, heat-insulating strips are arranged on the inner side and the outer side between the opposite surfaces of the adjacent building blocks, and strip-shaped flat steel fixed by waterproof adhesive or waterproof cement mortar is arranged on the opposite and inner sides of the annular grooves of the adjacent building blocks.

10. The wall structure of claim 9, wherein: two ends of the strip-shaped flat steel are fixedly connected with frame columns of the wall body or integrally connected with the front wall body and the rear wall body; the heat-insulating waterproof sealant is embedded in a groove formed between adjacent building blocks in front of the wall body.