CN212134284U

CN212134284U - Gram staining device

Info

Publication number: CN212134284U
Application number: CN202020915138.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨芳; 路国华; 夏娟娟
Original assignee: Air Force Medical University of PLA
Current assignee: Air Force Medical University of PLA
Priority date: 2020-05-27
Filing date: 2020-05-27
Publication date: 2020-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-27

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses gram staining device, the device includes: five containers arranged laterally in a horizontal direction; five conduits extending vertically downward, the five conduits being respectively provided at bottoms of the five containers so that the liquids contained in the five containers are adapted to flow downward via the respective conduits; five valves disposed on the five conduits, respectively, wherein the valves allow liquid flow in the respective conduits when open and prevent liquid flow in the respective conduits when closed; a slide rack disposed below the five tubes, wherein at least one slide is in a horizontal state when secured to the slide rack; and the translation driving mechanism is used for driving the slide rack to move along the arrangement direction of the five containers.

Description

Gram staining device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a gram stain field especially relates to a gram staining device.

Background

The gram stain method can classify bacteria into gram-positive bacteria that appear bluish purple after staining and gram-negative bacteria that appear red after staining. The gram staining method mainly comprises the following four steps: primary dyeing is carried out with a basic dye primary such as crystal violet, in which step all bacteria are dyed to the color of the primary dye, for example blue-violet in the case where the primary dye is crystal violet; mordant such as iodine solution is used for mordant dyeing, and the iodine solution and crystal violet can be combined into crystal violet-iodine compound in the step, so that the binding force of the dye and bacteria is enhanced; decolorizing with decolorizing agent such as 95% alcohol, wherein in the step, because the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria is mainly composed of a reticular structure formed by dermatoglycan, the pore diameter in the reticular structure is reduced due to dehydration caused by alcohol, the permeability is reduced, so that the crystal violet-iodine complex is retained in cells and is not easy to decolorize, and the blue-purple color is still presented after decolorizing treatment; counterstaining is performed with a counterstain such as safranin, during which the gram positive bacteria still retain the blue-violet color of crystal violet, while the gram negative bacteria are stained with the red color of the safranin counterstain.

In the operation process of the existing gram staining method, the slide with bacteria fixed is clamped by fingers of one hand, and a staining agent, a mordant or a decolorizing agent is dripped or distilled water is poured to a bacteria fixing area on the slide by the other hand, so that the operation process is complicated and errors are easy to occur.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above technical problem, embodiments of the present invention desirably provide a gram staining apparatus, which can realize that the slide fixed with bacteria is no longer clamped by the fingers of the experimenter, and the bacteria fixing area on the slide where the staining agent or mordant or decolorant is dropped or distilled water is poured is no longer realized by the other hand of the experimenter.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a gram staining device, the device includes: five containers arranged laterally in a horizontal direction; five conduits extending vertically downward, the five conduits being respectively provided at bottoms of the five containers so that the liquids contained in the five containers are adapted to flow downward via the respective conduits; five valves disposed on the five conduits, respectively, wherein the valves allow liquid flow in the respective conduits when open and prevent liquid flow in the respective conduits when closed; a slide rack disposed below the five tubes, wherein at least one slide is in a horizontal state when secured to the slide rack; and the translation driving mechanism is used for driving the slide rack to move along the arrangement direction of the five containers.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a gram staining device, which can respectively contain an initial staining agent, a mordant, a decolorant, a counterstaining agent and distilled water in five containers; the slide rack can be driven to move along the arrangement direction of the five containers by the translation driving mechanism, so that the liquid discharge ports of the corresponding conduits are aligned with the bacteria fixing areas on the slides; the valves associated with the respective conduits are opened so that the primary stain, mordant, decolorant, counterstain can drip onto the bacteria-immobilized area, or so that distilled water can flow through the bacteria-immobilized area to complete the water wash. Because the slide is fixed by the slide frame, and the operation of dripping the primary dye, the mordant, the decolorant, the counterstain or pouring distilled water to the bacteria fixing area on the slide can be finished by opening the corresponding valve, the operation process is simplified and the error is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a gram staining apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a gram-staining apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a gram staining apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a gram-staining apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, there is shown a schematic view of a gram staining apparatus 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus 10 may include:

five

containers

110, 210, 310, 410, and 510 arranged laterally in a horizontal direction;

five

ducts

120, 220, 320, 420 and 520 extending vertically downward, the five

ducts

120, 220, 320, 420 and 520 being respectively provided at

bottoms

111, 211, 311, 411 and 511 of the five

containers

110, 210, 310, 410 and 510 such that the liquid contained in the five

containers

110, 210, 310, 410 and 510 is adapted to flow downward via the

respective ducts

120, 220, 320, 420 and 520;

five

valves

121, 221, 321, 421 and 521 respectively disposed on the five

conduits

120, 220, 320, 420 and 520, wherein the

valves

121, 221, 321, 421 and 521 allow liquid flow in the

respective conduits

120, 220, 320, 420 and 520 when opened and prevent liquid flow in the respective conduits when closed;

a slide rack 130 disposed below the five

conduits

120, 220, 320, 420 and 520, wherein at least one slide 131 is in a horizontal state when secured to the slide rack 130;

a translation drive mechanism 140 for driving the slide rack 130 to move along the arrangement direction of the five

containers

110, 210, 310, 410, and 510.

During operation through the gram staining apparatus described above: the five containers can respectively contain an initial dye, a mordant, a decolorant, a counterstain and distilled water; the slide rack can be driven by the translation driving mechanism to move along the arrangement direction of the five containers, so that the liquid discharge ports of the corresponding guide tubes are aligned with the bacteria fixing areas on the slides, and the valves associated with the corresponding guide tubes are opened, so that the primary dye, the mordant, the decolorant and the counterdye can drop on the bacteria fixing areas, or distilled water can flow through the bacteria fixing areas to finish water washing. Because the slide is fixed by the slide frame, and the operation of dripping the primary dye, the mordant, the decolorant, the counterstain or pouring distilled water to the bacteria fixing area on the slide can be finished by opening the corresponding valve, the operation process is simplified and the error is avoided.

Referring to fig. 2, there is shown a schematic view of a gram-staining apparatus 10 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the slide rack 130 is provided with a groove 132 extending along the direction of translation, such that the slide rack 130 can translate by sliding on a rail 133 that mates with the groove 132. The guide rails 133 may be, for example, guide rails that remain fixed relative to the five containers. The translation of the slide rack 130 is made more stable and reliable by the grooves 132 and the mating rails 133.

Referring to fig. 3, a schematic view of a gram-staining apparatus 10 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus 10 can also include a tilt drive mechanism 150 for driving the tilt of the slide rack 130 relative to horizontal. Due to the tilt driving mechanism 150, the at least one slide 131 on the slide rack 130 can be tilted with respect to the horizontal direction, so that the washing liquid flows more easily on the slide in the washing stage of pouring the distilled water, and the washing is better completed. Moreover, even in the case where the bacteria-immobilizing region on the slide is not aligned with the outlet of the conduit through which distilled water flows, the water-first operation can be completed because the inclination of the slide 131 enables the distilled water to flow on the slide.

Referring to fig. 4, there is shown a schematic view of a gram-staining apparatus 10 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus 10 can also include a waste collection cylinder 160 disposed below the slide rack. This makes the effluent waste liquid easier to handle.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the waste liquid collecting cylinder 160 may be provided with a waste liquid discharge hole 161. Thereby, the waste collection cylinder 160 is enabled to remain stationary relative to the other components of the apparatus 10, facilitating mounting of all components of the apparatus 10, including the waste collection cylinder 160, on the same mounting plate.

Preferably, the translation drive mechanism 140 may be manual or motorized.

Preferably, the tilt drive mechanism 150 may be manual or electric.

Preferably, the five

containers

110, 210, 310, 410, and 510 may be adapted to hold an initial dye, a mordant, a decolorant, a counterdye, and distilled water, respectively.

Preferably, the primary dye and the secondary dye may be basic crystal violet and safranin, respectively.

Preferably, the mordant and the decolorant may be iodine solution and 95% alcohol, respectively.

Preferably, the container for holding the primary and secondary dye, and the associated conduits and valves, may be made of alkali resistant materials. Thereby making the device 10 more durable.

It should be noted that: the embodiment of the utility model provides an between the technical scheme who records, under the condition of conflict, can make up wantonly.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gram stain apparatus, comprising:

five containers arranged laterally in a horizontal direction;

five conduits extending vertically downward, the five conduits being respectively provided at bottoms of the five containers so that the liquids contained in the five containers are adapted to flow downward via the respective conduits;

five valves disposed on the five conduits, respectively, wherein the valves allow liquid flow in the respective conduits when open and prevent liquid flow in the respective conduits when closed;

a slide rack disposed below the five tubes, wherein at least one slide is in a horizontal state when secured to the slide rack;

and the translation driving mechanism is used for driving the slide rack to move along the arrangement direction of the five containers.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the slide rack is provided with a groove extending along a direction of translation such that the slide rack can translate by sliding on a rail that mates with the groove.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a tilt drive mechanism for driving the slide rack to tilt relative to horizontal.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a waste collection cylinder disposed below the slide rack.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the translational drive mechanism is manual or motorized.

6. The device of claim 3, wherein the tilt drive mechanism is manual or electric.

7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the bottom of the waste collection tank is provided with a waste discharge orifice.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the five containers are adapted to hold an initial stain, a mordant, a decolorant, a counterstain, and distilled water, respectively.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein the primary and secondary dyes are basic crystal violet and safranin, respectively.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the container for containing the primary and secondary dyes and the associated conduits and valves are made of alkali-resistant material.