CN211728475U - Workpiece exchange device - Google Patents
Workpiece exchange device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211728475U CN211728475U CN201922494202.7U CN201922494202U CN211728475U CN 211728475 U CN211728475 U CN 211728475U CN 201922494202 U CN201922494202 U CN 201922494202U CN 211728475 U CN211728475 U CN 211728475U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a work piece exchange device, work piece main shaft set up on the layer board, and the layer board sets up on the slip table, and lathe Z axle motion can be followed to the layer board, and lathe X axle motion can be followed to the slip table, includes: a workpiece library; the workpiece storage is used for storing workpieces, and the workpiece main shaft can move along the X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool and grab the workpieces. The utility model discloses a cooperation motion of slip table and layer board realizes that the work piece main shaft takes out from the work piece storehouse and waits to process the work piece or will process the work piece main shaft that the back work piece sent back to in the work piece storehouse. The utility model discloses utilize the lathe coordinate system to snatch the work piece, the precision is high, fast to need not newly-increased complementary unit, the structure is simple and convenient, and stability is high, the good reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a lathe work piece exchanges the field, especially relates to a work piece exchange device.
Background
The workpiece replacement of the existing machine tool is mostly finished by a robot, a manipulator or manual operation.
The robot is used for replacing workpieces, the operation is fast, the efficiency is high, but when the robot works, the working stroke needs to occupy extra space, and the production organization is not facilitated; moreover, the core components of the robot are monopolized abroad, so that the purchase cost and the maintenance cost are very high, spare parts are delivered from abroad, the delivery period is long, the maintenance period is long, continuous production of enterprises is not facilitated, and once sudden failures occur in the core components of the robot, the production is influenced, and the loss of the enterprises is very serious.
The manipulator has a complex structure, a plurality of linear shafts are used for completing the replacement of workpieces, a high-speed servo motor is adopted to be matched with a lead screw for transmission, and the overall cost of the plurality of linear shafts is high; some manipulators adopt cylinder transmission, cooperate stopper and sensor, realize the change of work piece, but when the work piece was changed to this kind of form manipulator, the sensor detects the back and will guarantee that the cylinder moves completely and put in place, and before reaching collision spacing, the cylinder will reduce speed, reserves buffer time, and this makes whole change work piece action slower, and spacing location has mechanical wear and not hard up moreover, leads to the skew, will repeatedly adjust.
The cost for replacing the workpiece by manpower is lower than the purchase cost and the maintenance cost of a robot, and is relatively stable, but the speed for replacing the workpiece by manpower is low, the working efficiency is low and is far lower than the working efficiency of mechanical automation, so that the benefit of an enterprise is greatly influenced, and the labor cost rises year by year, and the profit margin of the enterprise is further reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a workpiece exchanging device, which can quickly and stably replace workpieces.
A workpiece exchange apparatus, further comprising:
the workpiece main shaft and the workpiece library can move along the X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool;
the workpiece warehouse is used for storing workpieces and is arranged on one side of the machine tool;
the workpiece main shaft can move to the workpiece warehouse along the X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool, and grab the workpieces to be processed in the workpiece warehouse from the workpiece warehouse or transfer the processed workpieces to the workpiece warehouse.
Further, still include:
the detection device can detect the position of the workpiece spindle, the state of the workpiece on the workpiece spindle and the position and the angle of the workpiece in the workpiece library, wherein the states comprise the presence of the workpiece, the absence of the workpiece, the machined workpiece and the unmachined workpiece.
Furthermore, a knife handle is arranged at the end of the workpiece, and a broach mechanism matched with the knife handle is arranged on the workpiece spindle.
Further, the workpiece warehouse also comprises a workpiece clamping jaw and a chain shaft;
the workpiece clamping jaw fixes a workpiece in the workpiece warehouse through the tool shank, the workpiece clamping jaw is arranged on a workpiece chain, the chain shaft drives the workpiece chain to convey the workpiece, and the chain shaft is fixed on an upright post of a machine tool.
The utility model provides a work piece exchange device utilizes the work piece main shaft at the ascending motion of X axle and Z axle side and handle of a knife structure and broach mechanism's cooperation, has realized taking out the work piece in the work piece storehouse and has transported the work piece to the work piece storehouse, accomplishes work piece exchange work. The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: 1. the workpiece main shaft moves in a plane and grabs the workpiece by utilizing the X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool, so that the precision is high, the speed is high, the position is closed-loop, the grabbing action is more accurate, the running speed and the grabbing precision are far higher than those of a robot or a manipulator, and the workpiece exchange efficiency is greatly improved; 2. the X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool are used for exchanging workpieces, no additional auxiliary mechanism is needed, the mechanical structure is simpler, the reliability is better, and the cost is saved; 3. the workpiece is preassembled with a tool holder interface, and the broach mechanism and the tool holder structure are in the prior art, so that the bearing is large, the reliability is high, and the workpiece library is conveniently expanded; 4. the workpiece warehouse is adjacent to the processing operation space, the whole machine tool has a compact structure and small occupied area, the workpiece is taken and sent by the linear shaft of the machine tool, no additional working stroke is needed, a large amount of space is saved, and the production organization is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece exchanging apparatus disclosed by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the initial position of the workpiece spindle before the workpiece spindle picks up the workpiece according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic position diagram of the workpiece spindle of the present invention when preparing to take a workpiece, and is also a schematic position diagram of the workpiece spindle after releasing the workpiece when returning the workpiece;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the workpiece spindle being clamped to the workpiece at the position of the workpiece magazine according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a position where the workpiece spindle of the present invention picks the workpiece and leaves the workpiece magazine, and is also a schematic diagram of a position where the workpiece spindle returns the workpiece.
In the figure: 1. a workpiece library; 11 a chain shaft; 12. a workpiece chain; 13. a workpiece clamping jaw; 2. a workpiece; 21. a knife handle; 3. a workpiece spindle; 31. a broaching mechanism; 4. a sliding table; 5. and (7) a supporting plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a workpiece changer includes a workpiece magazine 1 for storing workpieces 2 and a workpiece spindle 3 capable of moving along X and Z axes of a machine tool and grasping the workpieces. A sliding table 4 capable of moving along the X axis of the machine tool is arranged on a bed base of the machine tool, a supporting plate 5 capable of moving along the Z axis of the machine tool is arranged on the sliding table 4, and a workpiece spindle 3 is arranged on the supporting plate 5.
Two guide rails in the X-axis direction are arranged on the bed body base, a sliding block matched with the guide rails is arranged at the bottom of the sliding table 4, a driving motor is arranged at one end of the bed body base, and the driving motor drives the sliding table 4 to move through the matching of a lead screw and a nut; two guide rails in the Z-axis direction are arranged on the sliding table 4, a sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate 5, a motor is arranged at one end of the sliding table 4, and the motor drives the supporting plate 5 to move on the sliding table 4 along the Z axis.
The workpiece library 1 is fixed on the left side surface of the machine tool, workpieces in the workpiece library and a workpiece spindle are parallel and equidirectional, one side of the workpiece to be machined faces the direction of an upright column of the machine tool, and a tool shank 21 is arranged on the other side of the workpiece. The X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool form a plane coordinate system, one end of the workpiece base 1 close to the machine tool is located in the coordinate system, and the workpiece spindle moves in the coordinate system. The linear shaft on the machine tool has high motion precision, high speed and good stability, and the grabbing and exchanging efficiency of the workpiece is improved. The X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool are parts of the machine tool, the structure is simple and convenient, the stability is good, and the reliability of workpiece grabbing is higher.
Further, the device comprises a detection device, wherein the detection device is used for detecting the position of the workpiece spindle 3, the state of the workpiece on the workpiece spindle 3 and the position and the angle of the workpiece in the workpiece library 1, the state of the workpiece on the workpiece spindle 3 comprises the presence of the workpiece on the workpiece spindle 3, the absence of the workpiece on the workpiece spindle 3, the machined workpiece on the workpiece spindle 3 and the unprocessed workpiece on the workpiece spindle 3. The detection device comprises a plurality of sensors, and whether workpieces exist at stations or not, whether the angles of the workpieces are accurate or not, whether the workpieces are machined or not, and the like are detected through the sensors. In the movement process of the workpiece spindle 3, the displacement of the workpiece spindle 3 is accurately detected by using a position closed-loop servo system of the machine tool, and the workpiece is accurately controlled, so that the workpiece spindle can rapidly and stably grab the workpiece.
The workpiece spindle 3 is provided with a broach mechanism 31, and the end part of the workpiece 2 is provided with a tool shank structure matched with the broach mechanism 31. The cooperation of broach mechanism and handle of a knife is prior art, snatchs stably, and the bearing is big, and the reliability is high, and conveniently expands the work piece storehouse.
The workpiece library 1 is integrated on the machine tool, is adjacent to a machining area of the machine tool, is compact in structure and small in occupied area, improves the utilization rate of a workshop, and is beneficial to production organization.
The workpiece warehouse 1 further comprises a chain shaft 11 and a workpiece chain 12 wound on the chain shaft 11, the chain shaft 12 is fixed on a column of a machine tool and driven by a motor, the chain shaft 12 drives the workpiece chain 11 to move, a workpiece clamping jaw 13 is arranged on the workpiece chain 11, and the workpiece 2 is fixed on the workpiece chain 12 through the workpiece clamping jaw 13.
The workpiece chain 12 is composed of a plurality of chain links which are connected with each other in a hinged mode, the working chain 12 is wound on the outer side of the chain shaft 11, the workpiece chain 11 is provided with a workpiece clamping jaw 13, the workpiece clamping jaw 13 fixes the workpiece 2 on the workpiece chain 12, the end part of the workpiece 2 is preassembled with a tool handle 21, and the tool handle 21 is matched with the workpiece clamping jaw 13 to realize the fixation of the workpiece in the workpiece warehouse 1. The broach mechanism 31 on the end face of the workpiece spindle 3 is matched with the tool shank structure on the workpiece 2, so that the workpiece 2 can be grasped tightly. The workpiece clamping jaw 13 structure is an existing tool apron structure, the tool apron is fixed with the tool apron in a matched mode in the prior art, the tool apron and the tool apron are connected to form a workpiece library, the workpiece library has good reliability, and the workpiece library can be conveniently expanded when needed. The workpiece is clamped by the aid of the tool handle, so that the tool is heavy in bearing, stable in clamping and high in replacement speed, and replacement efficiency is greatly improved.
A method for realizing workpiece installation by using the workpiece exchange device comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2, the workpiece spindle is at an initial position, which is far away from the workpiece magazine in the Z-axis direction and is located on a side where the workpiece can be gripped in the X-axis direction; the initial position can be a plurality of points in an area meeting the conditions, the workpiece library 1 is fixed on the left side surface of the machine tool, workpieces in the workpiece library and a workpiece spindle are parallel and in the same direction, one side of the workpiece to be machined faces the direction of an upright column of the machine tool, the other side of the workpiece is provided with a tool shank 21, and one side of the workpiece which can be grabbed is the side of the workpiece provided with the tool shank;
starting a workpiece library, conveying a workpiece, and moving the workpiece to a position close to a machine tool; and circularly conveying the workpieces along the Z-axis direction by the workpiece warehouse, wherein the conveying of the workpieces to one end of the workpiece warehouse close to the machine tool is the movement of the workpieces to the position close to the machine tool.
As shown in fig. 3, the workpiece spindle moves along the Z axis to the workpiece magazine, so that the workpiece spindle is coaxial with the workpiece;
the workpiece spindle moves along the X axis and is clamped with the workpiece, and the position of the workpiece spindle is shown in figure 4;
the workpiece spindle moves along the Z axis to separate the workpiece from the workpiece library, the position of the workpiece spindle is shown in figure 5, and then the sliding table and the supporting plate move in a matched mode to convey the workpiece to a position to be machined.
Before the workpiece is mounted, the workpiece spindle 3 is free of workpieces, and the slide table 4 conveys the workpiece spindle 3 to the end of the X axis remote from the tool 6. And starting the workpiece warehouse, driving the chain shaft 11 by the motor, further rotating the workpiece chain 12, driving the workpiece 2 to a position where the workpiece spindle 3 can grab, and simultaneously moving the workpiece spindle 3 along the Z axis to be close to the workpiece warehouse 1. The detection device detects the position of the workpiece spindle 3 and confirms that the workpiece spindle 3 is in a proper position in the Z-axis direction, namely the workpiece spindle can move along the X axis and is clamped with the workpiece 2. After the detection is correct, the supporting plate 5 moves along the X axis, a broach mechanism on the end face of the workpiece main shaft is started, and the workpiece is tensioned through the broach mechanism. After the workpiece 2 is clamped on the main shaft, the sliding table 4 and the supporting plate 5 move in a matching way, and the workpiece 2 is conveyed to a processing area.
A method for realizing workpiece return by using the workpiece exchange device comprises the following steps:
the workpiece 2 is arranged in the workpiece spindle 3, the workpiece spindle 3 moves to one end of a Z axis far away from the workpiece warehouse, the workpiece warehouse is started, a workpiece chain 12 is driven by a chain shaft 11 to rotate, the position of the workpiece stored in the workpiece warehouse faces the machine tool direction, namely, an opening of a workpiece clamping jaw 13 is rotated to the position of the workpiece stored in the workpiece warehouse facing the workpiece spindle, the workpiece is ready to be picked up, the workpiece spindle 3 is conveyed along the X axis by a sliding table 4, a detection device detects, the workpiece 2 is confirmed to be aligned with the workpiece warehouse 1, the position of the workpiece spindle is shown in figure 5, after detection is correct, the workpiece spindle 3 moves along the Z axis to the workpiece warehouse 1, the workpiece spindle 3 conveys the workpiece 2 into the workpiece clamping jaw 13 under the conveying of a supporting plate 5, the cutter loosening function of a cutter pulling mechanism on the end face of the workpiece spindle 3 is started, and the workpiece spindle 3 loosens the workpiece. As shown in fig. 3, the sliding table 4 moves along the direction of moving away from the tool 6 along the X axis, so that the workpiece 2 is completely separated from the workpiece spindle 3, the chain shaft rotates to drive the workpiece chain 12 to transport the workpiece 2 away, and the supporting plate moves along the Z axis, so that the workpiece spindle leaves the tool magazine.
The utility model discloses a work piece exchange device is not limited to above-mentioned lathe structure, and the exchange of work piece and work piece main shaft can all be realized with this utility model to the lathe of no workstation structure.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A workpiece exchange apparatus, comprising:
the device comprises a workpiece library (1) and a workpiece spindle (3) capable of moving along the X axis and the Z axis of the machine tool;
the workpiece warehouse (1) is used for storing workpieces (2), and the workpiece warehouse (1) is arranged on one side of the machine tool;
the workpiece spindle (3) can move to the workpiece warehouse (1) along the X axis and the Z axis of a machine tool, and grab the workpiece (2) to be machined in the workpiece warehouse (1) from the workpiece warehouse or transfer the machined workpiece to the workpiece warehouse.
2. The workpiece exchange device of claim 1, further comprising:
the detection device can detect the position of the workpiece spindle (3), the state of the workpiece on the workpiece spindle (3) and the position and the angle of the workpiece in the workpiece library (1), wherein the states comprise the presence of the workpiece, the absence of the workpiece, the machined workpiece and the unmachined workpiece.
3. The workpiece exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that a tool shank (21) is provided at the end of the workpiece (2), and a broach mechanism (31) cooperating with the tool shank (21) is provided on the workpiece spindle (3).
4. A workpiece exchange device according to claim 3, characterised in that the workpiece magazine (1) further comprises workpiece clamping jaws (13) and a chain shaft (11);
the workpiece clamping jaw (13) fixes a workpiece (2) in the workpiece warehouse (1) through the tool handle (21), the workpiece clamping jaw (13) is arranged on a workpiece chain (12), the chain shaft (11) drives the workpiece chain (12) to convey the workpiece (2), and the chain shaft (11) is fixed on a stand column of a machine tool.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922494202.7U CN211728475U (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Workpiece exchange device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922494202.7U CN211728475U (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Workpiece exchange device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN211728475U true CN211728475U (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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| CN201922494202.7U Active CN211728475U (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Workpiece exchange device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111037348A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 科德数控股份有限公司 | Workpiece exchanging device and method |
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2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201922494202.7U patent/CN211728475U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111037348A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 科德数控股份有限公司 | Workpiece exchanging device and method |
| WO2021135762A1 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | 科德数控股份有限公司 | Workpiece exchange device and method |
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