CN211607734U - Biofilm planting device suitable for growth of submerged plants in black and odorous water body - Google Patents
Biofilm planting device suitable for growth of submerged plants in black and odorous water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN211607734U CN211607734U CN201921821357.0U CN201921821357U CN211607734U CN 211607734 U CN211607734 U CN 211607734U CN 201921821357 U CN201921821357 U CN 201921821357U CN 211607734 U CN211607734 U CN 211607734U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a biomembrane planting device suitable for growth of submerged plants in black and odorous water, the biomembrane planting device comprises a buoyancy adjusting area positioned outside and a biomembrane mesh bag planting area positioned inside, the buoyancy adjustment mainly depends on a buoyancy frame and a buoy for adjustment, the buoyancy frame is formed by mixing cement and foamed polypropylene plastic particles, the biomembrane mesh bag planting area comprises an inner liner frame, a biomembrane planting mesh grid, planting mesh bags, planting matrix and submerged plants, the biomembrane planting mesh bags are uniformly arranged in the inner liner frame, the planting mesh bags are formed by processing polypropylene filaments, and the biomembrane planting device has the function of loading biomembranes; the biomembrane planting mesh bag contains a submerged plant planting matrix which adsorbs ammonia nitrogen and purifies water; the outer side surface of the fixing frame is provided with a linking buckle which can connect a plurality of biomembrane planting devices. The utility model discloses a height of adjustable biomembrane planting device of buoyancy adjustment frame and flotation pontoon provides favourable growing environment for submerged plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water body ecological restoration, in particular to a biomembrane planting device capable of improving the growth of submerged plants in black and odorous water body, which is particularly suitable for the restoration and regeneration of the submerged plants in nitrogen and phosphorus heavily polluted water body.
Background
In recent years, along with the development of cities, the economic development level is improved, and a large amount of waste materials are discharged into urban rivers, so that the ecological environment problem of the urban rivers in China is increasingly serious. In 2018, the department of ecological environment specially supervises and finds that 1127 black and odorous water bodies listed in a national list are reported by 70 cities. The submerged plant can improve the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the water body, can be used as a habitat of aquatic animals, can inhibit the growth of algae under certain conditions, and is particularly important for repairing black and odorous water bodies through the repair and regeneration of the submerged plant. In the ecological restoration process of urban black and odorous river water, more and more examples of starting to restore the water ecology from submerged plants are available. However, the submerged plant is utilized to reduce the degree of black and odorous water body, the influence of overhigh ammonia nitrogen in the black and odorous water body and sediment on the roots of the plant is large, researches find that the high ammonia nitrogen concentration (particularly when the ammonia nitrogen concentration is higher than 8 mg/L) has certain inhibiting effect on the germination and growth of the submerged plant, the overhigh ammonia nitrogen can cause the roots of the plant not to grow, even the rotten roots or death of the plant can occur, and through indoor simulation method researches, such as stigma and the like, the research finds that the 5 mg/L ammonia nitrogen starts to inhibit the growth of the chrysophyceae (Ceratophyrum demersum) under the water culture condition (Cao et, Ni Leyi. response of the chrysophyceae antioxidant enzyme to the increase of inorganic nitrogen in the water body [ J ] aquatic biology report, 2004,28(3): 299-303); researches such as metallic brilliant blue and the like find that when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 8mg/L (mild black and odorous water body), the stress effect of the ammonia nitrogen on the hydrilla verticillata is more obvious than that of the watermifoil (the metallic brilliant blue, Guojun, Paeonia zuohua, and the like, the influence of ammonia nitrogen with different mass concentrations on the antioxidant enzyme systems of the watermifoil verticillata and watermifoil [ J ] ecological environment, 2008(1): 1-5); microcosm experimental research finds that 8mg/L of Weimin and the like can be a critical value, and if the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water body is higher than the critical value, inhibition effect on germination and growth of the tape grass can be generated. When the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is increased to 16mg/L (a severe black and odorous water body), the germination rate is reduced, and a certain inhibition effect is generated on the growth of the tape grass (Feramin, the influence of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the water body on the seed germination and seedling growth of the tape grass, Chinese sanitation industry, 2011, 8(11X): 14-14); research on Yanchang and the like finds that the high concentration of ammonia nitrogen (higher than 8mg/L and 16 mg/L) can affect the normal physiological metabolism of the hydrilla verticillata and inhibit the growth of the hydrilla verticillata (Yanchang, Zaoyan, brilliant metallic phase, and the like. the physiological influence of different concentrations of ammonia nitrogen on the hydrilla verticillata [ J ] ecological report, 2007(3): 1050-. Therefore, how to reduce the stress effect of ammonia nitrogen in the black and odorous water body on the growth of submerged plants becomes a research focus and a difficulty in the ecological restoration process of the black and odorous water body.
At present, the method for restoring the survival rate of submerged plants in the high-ammonia nitrogen black and odorous water mainly comprises the following steps: adding a biological growth promoter, an oxidant, a biological promoter and the like to improve the transparency and the dissolved oxygen content of the water body in the overlying water, thereby improving the survival rate of the submerged plant (Zhangxue, the repairing effect of the growth of the roots of the tape grass on the black and odorous water body [ D ]. 2017); adding a bottom sediment covering agent, and utilizing soil, diatomite, H2O2, KMnO4 covering and the like to change the bottom sediment to promote the growth of submerged plants (summer buds, Liu, Chenchumei and the like; soil in-situ covering enhanced by a stabilizer inhibits the release of nitrogen and phosphorus in river bottom sediment research [ J ]. environmental engineering, 2016,34(9): 114-; the in-situ calcium nitrate injection technology is used for repairing polluted bottom mud (Liujun, Liutong, Zhaoda. the influence of the in-situ calcium nitrate injection technology for repairing the polluted bottom mud on the release of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the bottom mud [ J ]. the water conservancy and hydropower technology 2015(2): 23-27). However, the above in-situ chemical agent repairing method may cause secondary pollution due to side effects of insufficient reaction, serious agent waste, and the like. Meanwhile, in 2018, the finance department, the civil engineering department and the environmental department jointly send out texts, and the modes of in-situ restoration in the river channel, pesticide spraying and the like are taken as main treatment measures, so that the scheme is considered to be unqualified. The traditionally developed aquatic plant planter is easy to sink along with the growth of plants, and the stress effect of ammonia nitrogen in black and odorous water on the growth of the submerged plants is not considered, so that the aquatic plant planter is not suitable for being applied to the recovery and regeneration of the submerged plants in the black and odorous water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the special water body of the black and odorous water body pollutes the water body environment, particularly the submerged plant is difficult to grow due to the sprouting and growth stress of high ammonia nitrogen on the submerged plant, and provides a biomembrane planting device and a method suitable for the growth of the submerged plant in the black and odorous water body.
The biomembrane planting device comprises a buoyancy adjusting area and a biomembrane mesh bag planting area, wherein the buoyancy adjusting area comprises a buoyancy frame with a buoyancy adjusting function and a buoy; the biomembrane mesh bag planting area consists of an inner lining frame, a biomembrane planting mesh grid, a planting mesh bag, a planting matrix and submerged plants.
The shape of the biomembrane planting device is circular or rectangular, and the rectangular device is generally used at the revetment position and the circular device is used in the water body according to the specific position of the riverway to be treated.
The buoyancy frame is formed by uniformly mixing cement and foamed polypropylene plastic particles according to a certain ratio (1: 1-5), the overall dimension of the buoyancy frame is matched with that of the frame of the biomembrane mesh bag planting area, and the buoyancy frame has certain buoyancy. The buoy is made of low-density polyethylene material, the size of the buoy is 20cm multiplied by 15cm multiplied by 10cm, and the position of the biomembrane planting device in the black and odorous water body can be adjusted.
The lining frame of the biomembrane mesh bag planting area is processed by polyethylene materials, wherein small biomembrane planting meshes of 4-20cm multiplied by 4-20cm are uniformly distributed in the lining frame, and the planting meshes are connected to form the biomembrane mesh bag planting area.
The biomembrane planting mesh bag is arranged on the lining frame, and the planting mesh bag is formed by mutually crossing and integrating polypropylene filaments in blank areas between the lining frames; the specific method comprises the following steps: melting the polypropylene material into a water sample through a high-temperature extruder, then feeding the water sample into micropores of a die, introducing high-pressure air to blow out the polypropylene material, wherein part of the polypropylene filaments are directly fixed on the lining frame in the blowing-out process, and part of the filaments are mutually crossed to form a planting mesh bag positioned below the lining frame; the diameter of the micropores of the die is 1-2mm, the thickness of the formed polypropylene filaments of the mesh bag is 1-2mm, the aperture of the planting mesh bag is 0.1-1mm, and the length of the planting mesh bag is 5-20 cm; the dense filaments of the planting mesh bags can be used as carriers of water body biological membranes, and the biomass of microorganisms and zooplankton is effectively improved.
The submerged plant planting matrix is biological ceramsite (with the particle size of 2-4mm), clinoptilolite (with the particle size of 3-6mm), biomass charcoal (mainly bamboo charcoal, pine charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and the like, with the particle size of 3-5mm) and magnetite ore (with the particle size of 0.5mm) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in a layered mode, the volume ratio of the above matrixes is 20%, 30%, 25% and 25%, the adsorption removal capacity of the submerged plant planting matrix in a water body on ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate is improved, and meanwhile the transparency of the water body is improved;
another object of the present invention is to provide a biofilm planting device suitable for the growth of submerged plants in black and odorous water, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
A. sequentially arranging biological ceramsite, clinoptilolite, biomass charcoal and magnetite ore which are planting matrixes of the submerged plants in a biofilm planting mesh bag layer by layer from top to bottom, and planting the submerged plants in the planting matrixes of the submerged plants in a matching manner;
B. installing the device, arranging the biomembrane planting device with the planted submerged plant in the black and odorous water body or on a barge, and linking through the linking buckles;
C. in the later period, the height of the biomembrane planting device in the water body is adjusted by changing the number of the floating barrels according to the change of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the water body;
D. and (4) performing conventional maintenance and management on the submerged plants, and harvesting, replacing and cleaning the submerged plants regularly.
Has the advantages that: the invention adopts the buoyancy frame with certain buoyancy formed by mixing cement and foamed polypropylene plastic particles according to a certain proportion, adjusts the buoyancy by adjusting the number of the buoys, and adjusts the position of the biomembrane planting device in the water body according to the concentration change of ammonia nitrogen in the polluted water body, thereby reducing the toxic action of the sediment directly releasing the ammonia nitrogen to submerged plants; the high-strength and light-weight polypropylene wire mesh is used as a planting mesh bag of submerged plants, so that the mesh bag can be used as a carrier of a biological membrane and can also improve the activity space of denitrifying microorganisms, protozoa and micro metazoans in a water body; the planting matrix prepared by mixing can effectively reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the planting environment of the submerged plants, can also improve the transparency of the water body, and the planting mesh bags have larger apertures, so that the water blocking capability of the planting mesh bags can be effectively reduced, and finally the effects of effectively repairing black and odorous water bodies and beautifying the environment by the submerged plants are achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a biofilm planting device; wherein, 1-buoyancy adjusting area; 2-biomembrane mesh bag planting area;
1-buoyancy frame; 1-2-buoy; 1-3-linking buckles;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a biofilm mesh bag growing area in a biofilm mesh bag growing area; wherein, 2-1 to the inner lining frame;
2-biofilm planting net small grids; 2-3-planting mesh bags; 2-4-planting substrate; 2-5 to submerged plants;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a planting net.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1
The invention provides a biomembrane planting device and a method suitable for growth of submerged plants in black and odorous water, as shown in figures 1 and 2 and 3, the biomembrane planting device comprises a buoyancy adjusting area 1 and a biomembrane mesh bag planting area 2, wherein the buoyancy adjusting area is composed of a buoyancy frame 1-1 and a buoy 1-2, the biomembrane mesh bag planting area is formed by fully arranging a biomembrane planting cell 2-2 composed of a planting mesh bag 2-3, a planting matrix 2-4 and submerged plants 2-5 in an inner liner frame 2-1; the buoyancy frame 1-1 contains cement and foamed Polypropylene (PP) plastic particles, and the buoyancy of the buoyancy frame in the water body is adjusted by adjusting the proportion (1: 1-5) of the cement and the foamed Polypropylene (PP) plastic particles and the number of the buoys 1-2; the outer side of the buoyancy adjusting frame is provided with a connecting buckle 1-3 with the diameter of 3-5 cm, so that the buoyancy adjusting frame can be conveniently assembled in a water body; the outline dimension of the lining frame 2-1 is matched with the outline dimension of the biological film mesh bag planting area 2 so as to ensure that the lining frame can be completely fixed in the planting area; the planting mesh bag 2-3 is lined on the inner lining frame 2-1 and is integrally formed, and the material of the planting mesh bag is PP material with high strength and light weight. The planting mesh bags 2-3 are formed by mutually crossing and integrating polypropylene wires in blank areas among the lining frames 2-1; the specific method comprises the following steps: melting the polypropylene material into a water sample through a high-temperature extruder, then feeding the water sample into micropores of a die, introducing high-pressure air to blow out the polypropylene material, wherein part of the polypropylene filaments are directly fixed on the lining frame in the blowing-out process, and part of the filaments are mutually crossed to form a planting mesh bag positioned below the lining frame; the diameter of the micropores of the die is 1-2mm, the thickness of the formed polypropylene filaments of the mesh bag is 1-2mm, the aperture of the planting mesh bag is 0.1-1mm, and the length of the planting mesh bag is 5-20 cm; the dense filaments of the planting mesh bags can be used as carriers of water body biological membranes, and the biomass of microorganisms and zooplankton is effectively improved. The carrier is used as a carrier of a biological membrane, so that the biomass of microorganisms and zooplankton is effectively improved; the planting mesh bag 2-3 is lined on the inner lining frame 2-1 and integrally formed, and the material is selected to have the characteristics of strong corrosion resistance, light weight and easy replacement; the biomembrane planting device is easy to reasonably match submerged plants of different stain-resistant varieties according to the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body, optimizes the configuration of the submerged plants with low internal stability and high internal stability, and effectively improves the ammonia nitrogen removal effect in the black and odorous water body;
the planting mesh bags 2-3 are bags made of polypropylene (PP) wires, the aperture size of the bags is 0.1-1.0mm, and the bags have the characteristic of being permeable to water and impermeable to a matrix. The planting mesh bags 2-3 are adopted to plant the submerged plants 2-5, so that the root systems of the submerged plants can be effectively protected, the germination rate of seeds of the submerged plants is more facilitated, the growth of a biological film on the planting mesh bags is promoted, the removal capacity of removing ammonia nitrogen is improved, the recovery and regeneration of the submerged plants in the black and odorous water body are promoted, the recovery and growth content of protozoa and micro metazoans in the water body is favorably improved, and the recovery and regeneration of the submerged plants in the black and odorous water body are promoted.
The planting mesh bags 2-3 are also filled with planting matrixes 2-4, the submerged plant planting matrixes are biological ceramsite (with the grain diameter of 2-4mm), clinoptilolite (with the grain diameter of 3-6mm), biomass charcoal (mainly bamboo charcoal, pine charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and the like, with the grain diameter of 3-5mm) and magnetite ore (with the grain diameter of 0.5mm), are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in a layered mode, the volume ratio of the matrixes is 20%, 30%, 25% and 25%, the adsorption and removal capacity of the submerged plant planting matrixes in the water body on ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate is improved, and meanwhile the transparency of the water body is improved;
the biomembrane planting device can adjust the height of the device in the black and odorous water body according to the content of the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water body, and is beneficial to removing the ammonia nitrogen in the black and odorous water body and improving the transparency of the water body on the basis of providing a favorable water body environment for the growth of submerged plants. Provides a good water body environment for the recovery and regeneration of the submerged plants, and is beneficial to the recovery and regeneration of the submerged plants in the black and odorous riverway.
Example 2
The invention also provides a planting method of the submerged plant, which comprises the following steps:
A. sequentially arranging biological ceramsite (with the particle size of 2-4mm), clinoptilolite (with the particle size of 3-6mm), biomass charcoal (mainly bamboo charcoal, pine charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and the like, with the particle size of 3-5mm) and magnetite ore (with the particle size of 0.5mm) which are taken as submerged plant planting substrates in a layered manner from top to bottom in the biological membrane planting mesh bag, and planting the submerged plants in the submerged plant planting substrates in a matched manner;
B. combining and installing any one of the devices, arranging the biological membrane planting device with planted submerged plants in a black and odorous water body or on a barge bank, and linking through the linking buckles;
C. in the later period, the height of the biomembrane planting device in the water body is adjusted by changing the number of the floating barrels according to the change of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the water body;
D. and (4) performing conventional maintenance and management on the submerged plants, and harvesting, replacing and cleaning the submerged plants regularly.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a biofilm planting device that suitable black and odorous water body submerged plant grows which characterized in that: the biomembrane planting device comprises a buoyancy adjusting area (1) and a biomembrane mesh bag planting area (2), wherein the buoyancy adjusting area (1) comprises a buoyancy frame (1-1) and a buoy (1-2); the biomembrane mesh bag planting area (2) consists of a lining frame (2-1), biomembrane planting mesh cells (2-2), a planting mesh bag (2-3), a planting matrix (2-4) and submerged plants (2-5); the biomembrane planting device is linked by a linking buckle (1-3).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the shape of the biomembrane planting device is determined by the specific position of the riverway to be treated, a rectangular device is used at the revetment, and a circular device is used in the water body.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the overall dimension of the buoyancy frame (1-1) is matched with the overall dimension of the frame of the lining frame (2-1); the buoy is made of low-density polyethylene, and the position of the biomembrane planting mesh bag planting area (2) in the black and odorous water body can be adjusted.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the size of the buoy material is 20cm multiplied by 15cm multiplied by 10 cm.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the lining frame (2-1) is made of polyethylene materials.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the lining frame (2-1) is uniformly distributed with 4-20cm biomembrane planting net small grids (2-2), and the planting grids are connected to form a biomembrane net bag planting area (2).
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the planting mesh bags (2-3) are formed by integrally forming polypropylene wires which are crossed with each other in blank areas among the lining frames (2-1); the thickness of the mesh bag polypropylene wire is 1-2mm, the aperture of the planting mesh bag is 0.1-1mm, and the length of the planting mesh bag is 5-20 cm; the dense filaments of the planting mesh bags can be used as carriers of water body biological membranes, and the biomass of microorganisms and zooplankton is effectively improved.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the submerged plant planting matrix (2-4) is formed by sequentially layering biological ceramsite, clinoptilolite, biomass charcoal and magnetite from top to bottom, and the volume ratio of the matrix is 20%, 30%, 25% and 25%.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the particle size of the biological ceramsite is 2-4mm, and the particle size of the clinoptilolite is 3-6 mm; the particle size of the biomass charcoal is 3-5 mm; magnetite ore, particle size 0.5 mm.
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