WO2021057551A1

WO2021057551A1 - Method for promoting food chain operation and accelerating water environment governance

Info

Publication number: WO2021057551A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/115345
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张列宇; 车璐璐; 李国文; 李晓光; 李伟; 李曹乐; 赵琛; 祝秋恒; 黎佳茜
Original assignee: 中国环境科学研究院
Priority date: 2019-09-29
Filing date: 2020-09-15
Publication date: 2021-04-01
Also published as: CN110577335A

Abstract

A method for promoting the food chain operation and accelerating the water environment governance, relating to the field of water environment governance, which promotes the water environment governance by promoting the energy flow and the operation of a food chain. The method comprises: passing sewage into an ecosystem, adding a magnetized reactor to the ecosystem, and applying a magnetic field to a producer, a consumer, and a decomposer for performing intermittent magnetization so as to achieve the purpose of promoting the water environment governance. When the food chain length is less than or equal to 3, a magnetic field having a magnetic field strength of 5 mT-50 mT is used, and when the food chain length is greater than 3, a magnetic field having a magnetic field strength of 50 mT-1,000 mT is used, which can better promote the energy flow and the operation of the food chain. The method has advantages such as less energy consumption, low costs, simple operation, fast pollutant degradation, long effective time, stable water outlet, convenient management, and no secondary pollution.

Description

A method to promote the operation of the food chain and speed up water environment governance

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of water environment governance, in particular to a method for promoting the operation of the food chain and speeding up water environment governance.

Background technique

With economic development, the amount of sewage discharged from life and production has also increased in series. The sewage often contains a large amount of ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, etc., which cannot be directly discharged into rivers and lakes. It needs to be treated by sewage treatment plants before being discharged. In the river course, the sewage treatment plant occupies a large area, the construction cost is high, and the sewage treatment process consumes a lot of energy. Therefore, sewage treatment plants are usually built in suburbs far away from densely populated areas, but this undoubtedly increases the cost of sewage collection and transportation.

As the population in the surrounding areas of existing sewage treatment plants becomes more and more dense, there is an urgent need to develop a solution that can treat sewage to meet the requirements of effluent water quality, while improving the sewage treatment environment and reducing the adverse impact on nearby residents.

The food chain is a kind of food path. The food chain is based on the biological population and connects different species in the community. The energy and nutrients in the food chain are transmitted between different organisms, and the energy transmission in the food chain is characterized by unidirectional conduction and gradual decrease. Since a food chain has a transmission efficiency of 5%-20%, it cannot extend indefinitely. There are limits. Generally, it only includes 3-5 links. This limits the number of energy transfers. At the same time, this limitation must be reflected in the structure of the complex ecosystem, such as the number of links in the food chain and the number of trophic levels. The energy flow in the ecosystem decreases step by step through each trophic level. The reasons for the decrease are: (1) Consumers at each trophic level cannot use 100% of the biomass of the previous trophic level, and some of them will naturally die and be decomposed. (2) The assimilation rate of each trophic level is not 100%, and a part of it becomes excrement and remains in the environment for use by the decomposers; (3) Each trophic level organism must maintain its own life activities. Part of the energy is always consumed, and this part of the energy becomes heat and is dissipated. The biological community and the various creatures in it can maintain an orderly state, it depends on the consumption of these energy. To maintain the normal function of the ecosystem, it must have an eternal and continuous input of solar energy to balance the consumption of life-sustaining activities of various trophic organisms. As long as this input is interrupted, the ecosystem will lose its function.

At present, there is no research and report on the promotion and strengthening of the energy flow and operation of the food chain, let alone the use of promoting the operation of the food chain to speed up water environmental governance.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a brand-new method for ecological treatment of water environment, which promotes water environment management by strengthening the energy flow and operation of the food chain.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention first provides a method for promoting the energy flow and operation of the food chain, specifically adding a magnetized reactor to the ecosystem to apply a magnetic field to the producers, consumers and decomposers to influence the magnetization effect and promote the energy transfer efficiency in the food chain Gradually increase, increase the length of the food chain, and strengthen the elasticity and tolerance of the ecosystem.

Wherein, the ecosystem is mainly aquatic ecosystem and/or artificial ecosystem.

Further, a magnetization reactor is used to perform intermittent magnetization on producers, consumers, and decomposers. Therefore, the magnetization reactor is preferably an electromagnetic magnetization reactor.

Preferably, the interval time of intermittent magnetization is 2d-10d, and the single magnetization time is 10min-240min.

Furthermore, the magnetic field strength set when using a magnetized reactor increases as the number of links in the food chain increases: when the length of the food chain is less than or equal to 3 (that is, when the length of the food chain is less than or equal to 3), the magnetic field strength used is low The magnetic field is 5mT-50mT; when the length of the food chain is greater than 3 (that is, when the link of the food chain is greater than 3), the magnetic field strength used is 50mT-1000mT for medium and high magnetic fields.

Producers are autotrophic organisms that use solar radiant energy as energy, including aquatic plants, algae, and bacteria capable of chemical energy synthesis in the ecosystem (nitrifying bacteria, etc.); consumers are various animals that feed on other organisms , Including plant-eating animals, carnivores, omnivores and parasitic animals. Among them, the plant-eating animals are the primary consumers; the carnivorous animals that eat the plant-eating animals are the secondary consumers; the carnivores that eat the plant-eating animals are the secondary consumers; Sex animals are three-level consumers; decomposers are organisms with decomposing ability such as bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the ecosystem, including certain protozoa, saprophagic animals, small invertebrates, heterotrophic organisms, etc.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, as an exemplary description, the ecosystem uses hornwort and water onion as producers, with a planting ratio of 1:1, and uses shrimp, turban snails, apple snails, fish, and ducks as producers. Consumers; as another exemplary illustration, the ecosystem uses Myriophyllum, Hydrilla, Vallisneria, Canna and Reed as producers, and uses snails, fish, locusts, frogs, dragonflies and water birds as consumers. In practical applications, the construction of the ecosystem is not limited to this.

The present invention further provides a method for accelerating water environment governance by promoting the operation of the food chain. The method is specifically: passing sewage into the above-mentioned ecosystem, and using the above-mentioned method to promote the energy transfer in the food chain in the ecosystem. The efficiency is improved step by step to increase the length of the food chain, strengthen the elasticity and tolerance of the ecosystem, better absorb, degrade, purify, and filter various pollutants in the sewage, accelerate the utilization efficiency of the pollutants, and make the water effluent. The quality is stable, which is conducive to management.

The sewage includes, but is not limited to, domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, commercial sewage, surface runoff, and the like.

Preferably, before the sewage is passed into the ecosystem, the sewage is magnetized, and the magnetized sewage is passed into the ecosystem.

Magnetization treatment of sewage can use electromagnetic type magnetization reactor or permanent magnetization type magnetization reactor, the magnetization intensity is 30mT-1500mT, and the magnetization time is 1min-120min.

The raw materials involved in the present invention are all common commercially available products, and the operations involved are routine operations in the field unless otherwise specified.

On the basis of conforming to common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined with each other to obtain specific implementations.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention exerts a magnetization effect on producers, consumers, and decomposers in the food chain by applying a magnetic field to the ecosystem. Water and its penetration through the semi-permeable membrane are indispensable for life activities. After the water is magnetized, the original structure is destroyed. The associated water molecule group of large molecules is broken into small molecules or even single water molecules, and the water is polar. Molecules, the Lorentz force generated after cutting the magnetic field in a magnetic field will cause the water molecules to align and change the magnetic distance between atoms and the hydrogen bond angle, so that the activity of water is improved, and the surface tension of water molecules Enhancement, the density of water increases, the absorption of light increases, and the permeability of water molecules increases. The enhancement of these abilities promotes the absorption of water by the cells. The level of osmotic pressure is directly related to the function of absorption and excretion. Therefore, this feature activates the producer cytokinin (CK), gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (IAA), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase ( GOGAT), nitrate reductase (NR), indoleacetase (IAAO) and peroxidase (POD) production, thereby promoting the cell division and tissue differentiation of the producer, promoting the germination of the producer, and strengthening the photosynthesis of the producer Function and the absorption of nutrients, promote the rooting of the producer, enhance the absorption capacity of the root system of the producer, and provide more attachment for root microorganisms, strengthen the action of microorganisms, and further promote the adsorption, degradation and purification of pollutants. Secondly, magnetization affects the activity of enzymes in consumers and other organisms. The change of enzyme activity directly affects the speed of material metabolism, so it can promote the growth and development of consumers, and shortening the time is beneficial to speed up the cycle of the food chain. Magnetization can speed up the decomposition ability of decomposers such as bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the ecosystem, thereby speeding up the natural circulation of the water food chain, thereby promoting sewage treatment.

The magnetization effect can also affect the energy transfer efficiency in the food chain and the length of the food chain. The energy and nutrients in the food chain are transmitted between different organisms. Under normal circumstances, the energy transmission in the food chain is characterized by unidirectional conduction and gradual decrease. Every time from one link to another, about 80% of energy is lost- 95%, that is, the energy conversion efficiency is only about 5%-20%. By regulating the food chain with low magnetic field and medium-high magnetic field, magnetization will increase the energy utilization efficiency of each link from 5%-20% to 20%-50%, which makes the animals at the top of the food chain increase their energy and obtain the energy from them. Energy is sufficient to make up for the energy consumed for hunting them, thereby increasing the length of the food chain, improving the stability, flexibility and tolerance of the ecosystem, and better adsorbing, degrading, purifying, and purifying various pollutants in sewage. Filtration accelerates the utilization efficiency of pollutants and stabilizes the effluent quality, which is beneficial to management.

Normal water bodies rely on their internal self-purification and self-regulation functions to achieve normal material circulation and energy flow, and at the same time rely on the mutual restriction and mutual influence of various species in the water body to achieve the ecological balance of the water body, and this function largely depends on The water body food chain and the food web formed by it are completed. The biological method emphasizes the management of the entire ecosystem, from the nutrition link to control algae, has the advantages of economy, efficiency, and reasonableness, but the implementation cycle is long and subject to external influences. Applying a magnetization device to the entire ecosystem and sewage, the resulting magnetization effect enhances material circulation and energy flow, speeds up the circulation of the food chain and food web in the water body, and then forms a new ecological balance among various species in the water body, and ultimately speeds up sewage treatment and ecology. The adsorption, degradation, purification and filtration of the system.

The method of the present invention has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, simple operation, fast pollutant degradation, long effective time, stable effluent, convenient management, and no secondary pollution.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that the following examples are given for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and substitutions to the present invention without departing from the spirit and spirit of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods.

The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

The method of the present invention is used to simulate the construction of a small ecosystem (also called a reactor) in the laboratory, and the model numbers are A, B, C, D, and the reactor is 100 cm long, 50 cm wide, and 50 cm high. The left and right sides of the reactor are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe with a diameter of 100 mm. Electromagnetic magnetization reactors with magnetic field strength of 10mT and 50mT are set in the vertical direction of the water flow in the A, B, and D reactors, and no electromagnetic magnetization reactor is set in the vertical direction of the water flow in the C reactor.

A layer of gravel is evenly laid on the bottom of reactors A, B, and C, and a layer of soil is laid on the gravel to cover all the gravel to ensure sufficient air permeability and fertility of the soil. The plants planted by the producer are Sophora japonica and Cattail, and the planting ratio is 1:1. Consumers choose shrimp and fish with sufficient sunlight; D reactor has no ecosystem (no soil, gravel, producer, consumer ). Reactor A, B, C, and D control the inlet water to be river and lake water. The measured COD concentration is 30 mg/L, TN concentration is 1.4 mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1.4 mg/L. After the water inflow is completed, the intermittent magnetization period of the A, B, and D reactors is 2d, the magnetization time is 15min, and the continuous operation for 6 months is monitored. It can be seen that the sewage removal effect of the B reactor is the best, the energy utilization of the food chain is high, and the stability, elasticity and tolerance of the ecosystem are improved.

Example 2

The method of the present invention is used to simulate the construction of a small ecosystem (also called a reactor) in the laboratory, and the model numbers are A, B, C, D, and the reactor is 100 cm long, 50 cm wide, and 50 cm high. The left and right sides of the reactor are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe with a diameter of 100 mm. The vertical direction of the water flow in the A, B, and D reactors is equipped with electromagnetic magnetization reactors with a magnetic field strength of 50mT and 100mT, and the vertical direction of the water flow in the C reactor is not equipped with an electromagnetic magnetization reactor.

A layer of gravel is evenly laid on the bottom of reactors A, B, and C, and a layer of soil is laid on the gravel to cover all the gravel to ensure sufficient air permeability and fertility of the soil. The plants planted by the producer are hornwort and water spring onions, and the planting ratio is 1:1. Consumers choose shrimp, turban snails, apple snails, fish, and ducks with sufficient sunlight; D reactor has no ecosystem (no soil, Gravel, producer, consumer). Reactor A, B, C, and D control the inlet water to be river and lake water. The measured COD concentration is 40 mg/L, TN concentration is 2.4 mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen concentration is 2.6 mg/L. After the water inflow is completed, the intermittent magnetization period of the A, B, and D reactors is 2d, the magnetization time is 30min, and it is continuously operated for 6 months and monitored. It can be seen that the sewage removal effect of the B reactor is the best, the energy utilization of the food chain is high, and the stability, elasticity and tolerance of the ecosystem are improved.

Example 3

In a certain urban lake ecological floating island, the method of the present invention is used to construct three experimental sites marked A, B, and C, and the floor area is 50 m ² . An electromagnetic magnetization reactor with a magnetic field strength of 150mT is set in the vertical direction of the water flow in the experimental site A, the electromagnetic magnetization reactor is not set in the vertical direction of the water flow in the ecological floating island in the experimental site, and no ecological floating island is set in the experimental site , There is only lake water, and an electromagnetic magnetization reactor with a magnetic field strength of 150mT is set in the vertical direction.

Lay a layer of gravel on the bottom of the ecological floating islands in the experimental sites of A and B, and spread a layer of soil on the gravel to cover all the gravel to ensure sufficient air permeability and fertility of the soil. The producers include Myriophyllum, black algae, bitter grass, canna, and reeds, and consumers include snails, fish, locusts, frogs, dragonflies, and waterbirds, with plenty of sunshine. The lake water in the experimental sites A, B, and C was river and lake water, and the measured COD concentration was 57 mg/L, TN concentration was 3.1 mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen concentration was 4.2 mg/L. The intermittent magnetization period of experiment A and C is 3d, the magnetization time is 40min, and it runs continuously for 8 months and is monitored. It can be seen that the sewage removal effect of the ecological floating island in Experiment A is good, the energy utilization of the food chain is high, and the stability, resilience and tolerance of the ecosystem have been improved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific implementations, some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

Industrial applicability

The present disclosure exerts a magnetic effect on the producers, consumers, and decomposers in the food chain by applying a magnetic field to the ecosystem, and accelerates the decomposition ability of the decomposers such as bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes in the ecosystem, thereby accelerating the degradation of the food chain in the water body. The natural circulation progresses, thereby promoting sewage treatment. The method has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost, simple operation, fast pollutant degradation, long effective time, stable effluent, easy management, no secondary pollution, etc., and has strong industrial applicability.

Claims

A method for promoting the energy flow and operation of the food chain is characterized in that a magnetization reactor is added to the ecosystem to apply a magnetic field to producers, consumers and decomposers for intermittent magnetization.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the interval time of intermittent magnetization is 2d-10d, and the single magnetization time is 10min-240min.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the food chain length is less than or equal to 3, the magnetic field strength used is 5mT-50mT; when the food chain length is greater than 3, the magnetic field strength used is 50mT-1000mT.
Using the method of claim 3, wherein the ecosystem is an aquatic ecosystem and/or an artificial ecosystem.
The application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the treatment of water environment.
A method for accelerating water environmental governance by promoting the operation of the food chain, which is characterized by passing sewage into the ecosystem, adding a magnetized reactor to the ecosystem, and applying a magnetic field to producers, consumers, and decomposers for intermittent periods magnetization.
The method according to claim 6, wherein the interval time of intermittent magnetization is 2d-10d, and the single magnetization time is 10min-240min.
The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that when the food chain length is less than or equal to 3, the magnetic field strength used is 5mT-50mT; when the food chain length is greater than 3, the magnetic field strength used is 50mT-1000mT.
The method of claim 8, wherein the ecosystem is an aquatic ecosystem and/or an artificial ecosystem.
The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the sewage is pre-magnetized before being passed into the ecosystem.