CN211458787U - Sunflower seed husking cleaner - Google Patents
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- CN211458787U CN211458787U CN201922014644.7U CN201922014644U CN211458787U CN 211458787 U CN211458787 U CN 211458787U CN 201922014644 U CN201922014644 U CN 201922014644U CN 211458787 U CN211458787 U CN 211458787U
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- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种葵花籽剥壳清选机,包括机架、进料筛分装置、碾压剥壳装置、螺旋揉搓脱壳装置、旋风清选装置和电机,所述进料筛分装置包括进料仓、振动器和振动筛,所述碾压剥壳装置包括脱壳滚筒和凹板,所述螺旋揉搓脱壳装置包括中心轴、动橡胶棒、定橡胶棒、锥体出料口和集料桶,所述旋风清选装置包括喂料口、进料调节器,螺旋推运器,抛料器,输送管道、半球分离体组件、风量调节器、旋风分离筒、吸杂管道、吸杂风机。本实用新型自上而下对葵花籽进行了两次剥壳操作,最后采用空气动力学原理利用吸杂风机对剥壳脱出物进行分选。该设计属于剥壳清选一体机,效率高,且能很好的实现全剥壳,全除杂,同时还可保证籽仁的完整度与清洁度。
The utility model discloses a sunflower seed husking and cleaning machine, comprising a frame, a feeding screening device, a rolling husking device, a spiral kneading and husking device, a cyclone cleaning device and a motor. The device includes a feeding bin, a vibrator and a vibrating screen. The rolling and shelling device includes a shelling drum and a concave plate. The spiral kneading and shelling device includes a central shaft, a movable rubber rod, a fixed rubber rod, and a cone discharge. The cyclone cleaning device includes a feeding port, a feeding regulator, an auger, a thrower, a conveying pipe, a hemispherical separator assembly, an air volume regulator, a cyclone separator, and a miscellaneous suction pipe. , Suction fan. The utility model carries out two shelling operations on the sunflower seeds from top to bottom, and finally adopts the aerodynamic principle and uses a suction fan to sort out the shelled products. The design belongs to an all-in-one shelling and cleaning machine, with high efficiency, and can well achieve complete shelling and impurity removal, while ensuring the integrity and cleanliness of the kernels.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于葵花籽加工设备技术领域,尤其涉及一种葵花籽剥壳清选机。The utility model belongs to the technical field of sunflower seed processing equipment, in particular to a sunflower seed peeling and cleaning machine.
背景技术Background technique
清选分离是收获混杂物料的一个重要过程,现如今绝大多数脱壳机器的清选机构是采用风-筛清选。现有的葵花籽剥壳机多采用撞击法、碾搓法,现有设备存在的问题有:一是设备生产成本与设备的物料损失率、籽仁破损率与生产效率三种性能无法很好兼顾;二是剥壳和分选工作分别用不同的机械来实现,这种分段加工形式降低了生产效率,也增加了劳动强度。如无锡太湖学院的冯鲜等人实用新型了一种葵花籽剥壳机,其采用离心破壳装置,只进行一次破壳操作,仅适用于比较干燥的葵花籽的破壳,且难以保证籽仁的完整度。对于湿度稍大的葵花籽,破壳力度不够,很难实现彻底完全破壳。吕彦华等设计的旋转振动葵花籽剥壳分流机采用了振动电机和风机来实现剥壳和分选,但振动电机噪音影响大,且风选在开放环境中进行,易对环境造成污染。Cleaning and separation is an important process for harvesting mixed materials. Nowadays, the cleaning mechanism of most of the shelling machines adopts air-screen cleaning. The existing sunflower seed shellers mostly use the impact method and the rolling method. The existing equipment has the following problems: First, the three performances of equipment production cost and equipment material loss rate, seed kernel damage rate and production efficiency cannot be very good. The second is that the shelling and sorting work are realized by different machines, which reduces the production efficiency and increases the labor intensity. For example, Feng Xian of Wuxi Taihu University and others have developed a sunflower seed shelling machine, which adopts a centrifugal shell breaking device and only performs one shell breaking operation, which is only suitable for relatively dry sunflower seeds. The integrity of benevolence. For sunflower seeds with slightly higher humidity, the shell breaking force is not enough, and it is difficult to completely break the shell. The rotary vibrating sunflower seed husking and diverter designed by Lv Yanhua et al. uses a vibration motor and a fan to achieve shelling and sorting. However, the vibration motor has a large noise impact, and the wind selection is carried out in an open environment, which is easy to cause pollution to the environment.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术存在的问题,本实用新型目的在于提供一种葵花籽剥壳清选机,用以实现对葵花籽的高效剥壳清选操作,实现壳与仁的分离,提高籽仁的清洁度,整仁率,降低物料损失率。Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a sunflower seed peeling and cleaning machine, which is used to realize the efficient peeling and cleaning operation for sunflower seeds, realize the separation of the shell and the kernel, and improve the cleaning of the seed kernel. Degree, whole kernel rate, reduce material loss rate.
为实现上述目的,本实用新型采用了如下技术方案。To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
一种葵花籽剥壳清选机,包括机架、进料筛分装置、碾压剥壳装置、螺旋揉搓脱壳装置、旋风清选装置、电动机。所述进料筛分装置包括进料仓、振动器和振动筛。振动筛采用四杆机构实现直线往复振动,完成对葵花籽按尺寸大小的两级分流,籽粒大者在振动筛的筛面上向右运动,经过右侧导流板进入右侧的碾压剥壳滚筒,籽粒小者透过振动筛的筛面掉落到下方输送带上,继而被输送到左侧导流板进入右侧碾压剥壳滚筒。所述振动筛的筛箱由四个吊臂通过轴承吊装于机架上,筛箱底部设置有筛网。所述碾压剥壳装置包括脱壳滚筒和凹板。所述脱壳滚筒外圈采用直齿轮来承载葵花籽,直齿轮齿侧固定有通过熟化压合的橡胶层。脱壳滚筒通过键与轴连接,所述轴垂直贯穿脱壳滚筒并在延伸至机架外端设有皮带轮。所述凹板外形和脱壳滚筒外形相同,呈敞开式多半圆形的护料挡板,且凹板内侧表面附着橡胶层。所述螺旋揉搓脱壳装置包括中心轴、由中心轴带动的动橡胶棒、固定于脱壳桶桶壁的定橡胶棒、锥体出料口、集料桶。所述中心轴的两端与轴承配合,轴承装在机架上的轴承座里。所述的动橡胶棒和定橡胶棒为硬质橡胶棒,动橡胶棒绕中心轴以螺旋线形式均布,定橡胶棒在脱壳桶桶壁上与动橡胶棒交叉对应以螺旋线形式均布。锥体出料口上部连接脱壳桶桶壁、下部连接集料桶,锥体出料口和集料桶充当旋风清选装置的喂料斗。在碾压剥壳装置与螺旋揉搓脱壳装置连接处设有集料板,将碾压剥壳装置处理后的物料收集导入螺旋揉搓脱壳装置中。所述的旋风清选装置包括喂料口、进料调节器,螺旋推运器,抛料器,输送管道、半球分离体组件、风量调节器、旋风分离筒、吸杂管道、吸杂风机。所述旋风分离筒内增设半球分离体组件, 可避免分离筒中心气流速度与靠近筒壁四周气流速度差异过大, 保证了半球分离体组件下部各处的气流速度和压力处于较均匀状态, 同时使上部气流流速增加, 压力降低, 形成自下至上的压力差, 利于排杂。所述旋风分离筒分为上、中、下三部分,上部为吸杂口,通过吸杂管道与吸杂风机相连接,中部为进料口,通过输送管道与抛料器相连,下部为出料口,干净的葵花籽粒落入集料箱。螺旋推运器和抛料器置于支撑组件上。所述的电动机设于设备的右下角,经皮带一驱动涡轮蜗杆传动装置,进而驱动中心轴和左右两个脱壳滚筒;经皮带二和皮带三驱动吸杂风机和四杆机构。The utility model relates to a sunflower seed shelling and cleaning machine, comprising a frame, a feeding and screening device, a rolling shelling device, a spiral kneading and shelling device, a cyclone cleaning device and a motor. The feed screening device includes a feed bin, a vibrator and a vibrating screen. The vibrating screen adopts a four-bar mechanism to realize linear reciprocating vibration, and completes the two-stage shunting of sunflower seeds according to size. Shell drum, the small grains fall to the lower conveyor belt through the screen surface of the vibrating screen, and then are transported to the left deflector and enter the right rolling and shelling drum. The screen box of the vibrating screen is hoisted on the frame by four booms through bearings, and a screen mesh is arranged at the bottom of the screen box. The rolling dehulling device includes a shelling drum and a concave plate. The outer ring of the shelling drum adopts a spur gear to carry the sunflower seeds, and the tooth side of the spur gear is fixed with a rubber layer that is pressed and pressed by curing. The shelling drum is connected with a shaft through a key, and the shaft vertically penetrates the shelling drum and is provided with a pulley extending to the outer end of the frame. The shape of the concave plate is the same as that of the shelling drum, and it is an open, mostly semicircular, material-protecting baffle, and a rubber layer is attached to the inner surface of the concave plate. The spiral kneading and shelling device includes a central shaft, a movable rubber rod driven by the central shaft, a fixed rubber rod fixed on the wall of the shelling barrel, a cone outlet, and a collecting barrel. Both ends of the central shaft are matched with bearings, and the bearings are installed in the bearing seat on the frame. The movable rubber rods and the fixed rubber rods are hard rubber rods. The movable rubber rods are evenly distributed in the form of spiral lines around the central axis. cloth. The upper part of the cone discharge port is connected to the shelling barrel wall, and the lower part is connected to the collecting barrel. The cone discharge port and the collecting barrel serve as the feeding hopper of the cyclone cleaning device. A collecting plate is arranged at the connection between the rolling and shelling device and the spiral kneading and shelling device, and the materials processed by the rolling and shelling device are collected and introduced into the spiral kneading and shelling device. The cyclone cleaning device includes a feeding port, a feeding regulator, an auger, a material thrower, a conveying pipe, a hemispherical separator assembly, an air volume regulator, a cyclone separator, a miscellaneous suction pipe, and a miscellaneous suction fan. The addition of a hemispherical separator assembly in the cyclone separator can avoid the excessive difference between the airflow velocity in the center of the separator and the airflow velocity near the cylinder wall, and ensure that the airflow velocity and pressure at the lower part of the hemispherical separator assembly are in a relatively uniform state. The upper air flow rate is increased and the pressure is decreased, forming a bottom-to-top pressure difference, which is conducive to impurity removal. The cyclone separator is divided into upper, middle and lower parts. The upper part is the suction port, which is connected with the suction fan through the suction pipe; the middle part is the feed port, which is connected with the thrower through the conveying pipe; The feed mouth, clean sunflower seeds fall into the collecting box. The auger and thrower rest on the support assembly. The motor is located at the lower right corner of the equipment, and drives the worm gear through the first belt to drive the central shaft and the left and right shelling drums; through the second and third belts, the suction fan and the four-bar mechanism are driven.
本实用新型的葵花籽剥壳清选机自上而下对葵花籽进行了两次剥壳操作,最后采用空气动力学原理利用吸杂风机对剥壳脱出物进行分选。该设计属于剥壳清选一体机,效率高,且能很好的实现全剥壳,全除杂,同时还可保证籽仁的完整度与清洁度。The sunflower seed peeling and cleaning machine of the utility model carries out two peeling operations on the sunflower seeds from top to bottom, and finally uses the aerodynamic principle to sort the peeled and protruded products by using a suction fan. The design belongs to an all-in-one shelling and cleaning machine, with high efficiency, and can well achieve complete shelling and impurity removal, while ensuring the integrity and cleanliness of the kernels.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.
图2为图1的左视图。FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1 .
图3为本实用新型螺旋揉搓脱壳装置示意图。Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the spiral kneading and shelling device of the present invention.
图中:1、进料仓,2、振动筛,3、输送带,4、吊臂,5、筛箱,6、皮带轮,7、导流板,8、凹板,9、剥壳滚筒,10、集料板,11、涡轮蜗杆传动装置,12、螺旋揉搓脱壳装置,13、中心轴,14、动橡胶棒,15、定橡胶棒,16、脱壳桶桶壁,17、锥体出料口,18、集料桶,19、喂料口,20、进料调节器,21、皮带一,22、螺旋推运器,23、抛料器,24、电动机,25、支撑组件,26、输送管道,27、集料箱,28、旋风分离筒,29、吸杂风机,30、皮带二, 31、半球分离组件,32、风量调节器,33、吸杂管道,34、四杆机构,35、机架,36、振动器,37、皮带三,38、风机支撑架。In the picture: 1. Feeding bin, 2. Vibrating screen, 3. Conveyor belt, 4. Boom, 5. Screen box, 6. Pulley, 7. Baffle, 8. Concave plate, 9. Shelling drum, 10. Aggregate plate, 11. Turbine and worm drive device, 12. Spiral kneading and shelling device, 13. Center shaft, 14. Moving rubber rod, 15. Fixed rubber rod, 16. Shelling barrel wall, 17. Cone Discharge port, 18, Aggregate bucket, 19, Feed port, 20, Feed regulator, 21, Belt one, 22, Auger, 23, Thrower, 24, Motor, 25, Support assembly, 26, conveying pipeline, 27, collecting box, 28, cyclone separator, 29, suction fan, 30, belt two, 31, hemispherical separation component, 32, air volume regulator, 33, suction pipe, 34, four rods Mechanism, 35, frame, 36, vibrator, 37, belt three, 38, fan support frame.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的说明。The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1、2所示,本实用新型的葵花籽剥壳清选机,包括机架35、进料筛分装置、碾压剥壳装置、螺旋揉搓脱壳装置12、旋风清选装置、电动机24。进料筛分装置包括进料仓1、振动器36和振动筛2。振动筛2采用四杆机构34实现直线往复振动,完成对葵花籽按尺寸大小的两级分流,籽粒大者在振动筛2的筛面上向右运动,经过右侧导流板7进入右侧的碾压剥壳滚筒9,籽粒小者透过振动筛2的筛面掉落到下方输送带3上,继而被输送到左侧导流板7进入右侧碾压剥壳滚筒9。振动筛2的筛箱5由四个吊臂4通过轴承吊装于机架35上,筛箱5底部设置有筛网。所述碾压剥壳装置包括脱壳滚筒9和凹板8。所述脱壳滚筒9外圈采用直齿轮来承载葵花籽,上述直齿轮齿侧固定有通过熟化压合的橡胶层。脱壳滚筒9通过键与轴连接,所述轴垂直贯穿脱壳滚筒9并在延伸至机架外端设有皮带轮。所述凹板8外形和脱壳滚筒9外形相同,呈敞开式多半圆形的护料挡板,且凹板8内侧表面附着橡胶层。所述的旋风清选装置包括喂料口19、进料调节器20,螺旋推运器22,抛料器23,输送管道26、半球分离体组件31、风量调节器32、旋风分离筒28、吸杂管道33、吸杂风机29。所述旋风分离筒28内增设半球分离体组件31, 可避免分离筒28中心气流速度与靠近筒壁四周气流速度差异过大, 保证了半球分离体组件31下部各处的气流速度和压力处于较均匀状态, 同时使上部气流流速增加, 压力降低, 形成自下至上的压力差, 利于排杂。所述旋风分离筒28分为上、中、下三部分,上部为吸杂口,通过吸杂管道33与吸杂风机29相连接,中部为进料口,通过输送管道26与抛料器23相连,下部为出料口,干净的葵花籽粒落入集料箱27。螺旋推运器22和抛料器23置于支撑组件25上。所述的电动机24设于设备的右下角,经皮带一21驱动涡轮蜗杆传动装置11,进而驱动中心轴13和左右两个脱壳滚筒9;经皮带二30和皮带三37驱动吸杂风机29和四杆机构34。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the sunflower seed peeling and cleaning machine of the present utility model includes a
如图1、2、3所示,螺旋揉搓脱壳装置12包括中心轴13、由中心轴13带动的动橡胶棒14、固定于脱壳桶桶壁16的定橡胶棒15、锥体出料口17、集料桶18。所述中心轴13的两端与轴承配合,轴承装在机架35上的轴承座里。所述的动橡胶棒14和定橡胶棒15为硬质橡胶棒,动橡胶棒14绕中心轴13以螺旋线形式均布,定橡胶棒15在脱壳桶桶壁16上与动橡胶棒14交叉对应以螺旋线形式均布。锥体出料口17上部连接脱壳桶桶壁16、下部连接集料桶18,锥体出料口17和集料桶18充当旋风清选装置的喂料斗。在碾压剥壳装置与螺旋揉搓脱壳装置连接处设有集料板10,将碾压剥壳装置处理后的物料收集导入螺旋揉搓脱壳装置12中。As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the spiral kneading and shelling device 12 includes a
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