CN211406834U - Plug seedling transplanting device - Google Patents
Plug seedling transplanting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211406834U CN211406834U CN201922131098.5U CN201922131098U CN211406834U CN 211406834 U CN211406834 U CN 211406834U CN 201922131098 U CN201922131098 U CN 201922131098U CN 211406834 U CN211406834 U CN 211406834U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a plug seedling transplanting device, the device includes seedling case, vertically moves seedling mechanism, stripping and slicing system, transversely moves seedling mechanism, seedling door, gets seedling end effector, rotating member, earthing press wheel, guide way, furrow opener, seedling case support and connecting device. The plug seedlings are intermittently transferred to the block cutting system line by line and are cut in line, the cut whole line of plug seedlings move down to wait for planting one by one at the seedling gate, the plug seedlings are pushed into the guide grooves one by one from the seedling gate by the seedling taking end effector and then automatically fall into the transplanting grooves, and then the plug seedlings are planted by the earthing and pressing wheel. After the seedlings leave the seedling door, the transversely-moving mechanism horizontally and intermittently moves the well-cut plug seedlings to the seedling door one by one, the longitudinally-moving seedling mechanism intermittently moves the plug seedlings downwards to form plug seedlings to the cutting system for cutting, and the process is repeated. The utility model discloses a commonality is good, the mechanism is simple, the operation speed is high and the stripping and slicing is accurate, can be applied to the transplantation of all kinds of degradable seedling tray that suitable different crops used.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to agricultural transplanting machine field, concretely relates to transplanting technique of plug seedling.
Background
The crop transplanting is an agricultural cultivation technology for cultivating seeds into seedlings in a proper environment and transplanting the seedlings to the field for growth, so that the growth period of crops can be effectively prolonged, the influence of disastrous weather such as low temperature and the like is avoided, the survival rate of the seedlings is improved, and the purposes of cost saving and efficiency improvement are achieved. At present, three executing mechanisms of seedling taking, seedling conveying and seedling planting are generally designed for full-automatic plug seedling transplanting and are completed step by step or completed by a special integrated mechanism at one time. The seedling taking mechanism is a core component of the automatic transplanter and can realize taking out the plug seedlings from the seedling raising tray, an operation object is a complex consisting of easily damaged flexible seedlings, root systems and matrixes, the seedlings are taken in an ejection mode or a clamping mode, the executing mechanism must be in direct contact with plug seedling stems or seedling pot bodies, the stems of the crops are fragile, the root systems of the plug seedlings are not developed and wrapped into clusters, and the like, if the seedlings are damaged by force or inaccurate positioning, the seedling reviving and survival of the plug seedlings after planting are affected or seedlings are leaked, and the seedling raising tray and the transplanting component are possibly damaged. The transplanting operation of taking, sending and planting seedlings is completed by three executing mechanisms step by step, a single mechanism executes reciprocating motion, the mechanism is simple, but the requirement on coordination consistency among the mechanisms is high, if one mechanism has problems, the whole set of mechanism cannot operate, and the operation efficiency is limited. The integrated executing mechanism adopts a set of mechanism to complete three actions of taking, sending and planting seedlings, the operating efficiency is high, but the mechanism design and processing are complex, the plug seedling transplanting mechanism has more optimized targets, more parameters and strong coupling, the transplanting requirement mechanism forms a complex track and has strict requirements on the posture, therefore, the transplanting mechanism is still in the exploration stage, the quality standards of specific targets are not unified, and part of the targets can be determined by test comparison.
In conclusion, the traditional three mechanisms complete the transplanting operation step by step, the requirement on the coordination of each mechanism is high, the transplanting efficiency is low, and the problems of complex mechanism design, high transplanting cost and the like exist in the integrated transplanting mechanism adopting the ejection type or clamping type seedling taking of the seedling raising tray.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a plug seedling transplanting device to guarantee that continuous accurate confession seedling, improvement single plug seedling cut the effect, satisfy the high-speed requirement of transplanting of machinery, avoid hindering the seedling, simplify actuating mechanism, improve and transplant efficiency and effect.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a need not to transplant the design with cave dish seedling and the dish of educating seedling tray pre-separation's tep reel before transplanting, concrete technical scheme as follows.
The utility model provides a plug seedling transplanting device which characterized in that includes: the seedling box (1), a longitudinal seedling moving mechanism (2), a dicing device (3), a transverse seedling moving mechanism (4), a seedling door (5), a seedling taking end actuator (6), a rotating part (7), an earthing press wheel (8), a guide groove (9), a furrow opener (10), a fixed guide rail (11) and a connecting device (12);
a fixed guide rail (11), a rotating part (7), a soil covering press wheel (8), a guide groove (9) and a furrow opener (10) are fixedly arranged on the connecting device (12); the seedling taking end effector (6) is fixedly arranged on the rotating piece (7) and rotates along with the rotating piece (7); a seedling gate (5) is arranged on the fixed guide rail (11); the guide groove (9) is arranged on the fixed guide rail (11); the seedling taking end actuator (6), the seedling door (5), the guide groove (9), the furrow opener (10) and the earthing press wheel (8) are all positioned on the same plane with the seedlings to be planted at the seedling door (5); the seedling taking end actuator (6) is of a chopstick structure, so that the cut seedlings to be planted are taken from the seedling gate (5) and are conveyed into the planting ditch formed by the furrow opener (10); the guide groove (9) is formed by combining a left guide sheet and a right guide sheet to form a groove so as to realize the posture control of the seedlings separated from a seedling gate;
the transverse seedling moving mechanism (4) is slidably arranged on the fixed guide rail (11) and can realize reciprocating sliding along the guide rail; a seedling box (1), a longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) and a dicing device (3) are fixedly arranged on the transverse seedling transferring mechanism (4); the seedling box (1) is installed with an inclination angle which is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than 90 degrees relative to the advancing direction of the machine, so that plug seedlings are reliably kept in the seedling tray; the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box (1) to realize the intermittent transferring of seedling plates in rows to the dicing device (3); the cutting device (3) is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box (1), is connected with the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) and cuts the seedling tray into blocks;
the connecting device (12) is connected with the output end of the external power transmission device.
The driving mode of the transverse seedling moving mechanism (4) is one of screw shaft or cylinder driving; the pitch of the screw shaft or the single transverse moving distance of the cylinder piston is equal to the central distance of the transversely adjacent pots of the seedling raising tray.
The longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) is driven by any one of a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a gear rack, a chain wheel, a chain and a cylinder; the longitudinal intermittent transfer distance is equal to the central distance between adjacent vertical pots of the seedling-raising tray.
The furrow opener (10) is any one of a boot-type furrow opener, a double-disc furrow opener and a corrugated disc furrow opener; the width of the furrow opener is more than or equal to the width of a single plug seedling pot.
The seedling raising tray is made of degradable materials, and the cut pieces can be degraded after being transplanted to soil; the seedling tray consists of an upper tray and a lower tray, and the degradable seedling tray is provided with a special transverse notch.
The plug seedling transplanting method using the device of the utility model comprises the following steps.
Step one, adjusting the transplanting device to enable the transplanting device to be in a normal working state;
step two, cutting preparation: the seedling tray consists of an upper tray and a lower tray, and plug seedlings to be transplanted grow in seedling pots of the seedling tray; separating out the lower tray of the seedling raising tray before transplanting operation, so that plug seedlings to be transplanted are independently positioned in the pot body of the upper tray of the degradable seedling raising tray, the pot body of the upper tray is a cone which penetrates through the upper tray from top to bottom and is large in size, and the lower tray is positioned right below the upper tray and is matched with the upper tray for use; the operation of taking out plug seedlings from the seedling tray can be omitted by transplanting on the tray, the seedlings are less damaged, the requirement on seedling raising agriculture is lowered, and the through design is favorable for the root system of the plug seedlings to be pricked and absorbed with water and nutrients after planting; the whole upper tray with the plug seedlings to be transplanted is placed on the seedling box (1) to realize the whole tray operation, so that the labor intensity of the preparation work is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved;
step three, row slitting: the whole upper tray positioned on the seedling box (1) is moved to a longitudinal seedling moving and conveying mechanism (2) under the action of gravity, plug seedlings are intermittently moved to a block cutting system (3) line by line under the driving of the longitudinal seedling moving and conveying mechanism (2), and the block cutting system (3) cuts the seedling tray from a connecting part between pot bodies of the seedling tray along the downward moving direction of the seedling box, namely, longitudinally; the upper surface of the seedling raising plate is perpendicular to the downward moving direction of the seedling raising plate, namely, a special transverse cut penetrating through the pot body is transversely designed, so that the pot bodies of the seedling raising pots of the seedling raising plate after being cut in rows are independent and unconnected; the plug seedlings are positioned in the seedling pot bodies, the pot bodies are made of degradable materials, so that plug seedlings and disc reel transplanting of the pot bodies are realized, connecting parts among the pot bodies are cut in rows, damages to delicate seedlings and seedling pot integrality are avoided, and meanwhile, the operation efficiency is improved;
the lower disc is made of any one of degradable materials, PVC and PS; the degradable material can be completely decomposed into carbon dioxide and water; the PS material disc can be recycled; use of PVC to reduce cost;
step four, seedling is sent in rows: the row of single plant plug seedlings which are cut are transversely transferred to a seedling gate (5) one by a transverse transfer seedling mechanism (4) to wait for planting;
step five, taking seedlings one by one: the seedling taking end actuator (6) arranged on the rotating part (7) makes simple rotary motion, plug seedlings waiting for planting at the seedling gate opening (5) are poked into the guide groove (9) one by one from the seedling gate opening (5), and the posture of the plug seedlings is adjusted and fixed to prevent the seedlings from being inclined in the falling process; the seedling taking end actuator (7) is of a chopstick type structure, a complex mechanism of a seedling pusher is not required to be designed, and the design of a motion track is simplified;
step six, furrow falling and field planting: the plug seedlings and the pot body are further separated from the guide groove (9) under the support of the seedling taking end actuator (6), the plug seedlings are not limited by the side edge of the guide groove (9) any more, fall into planting furrows opened by the furrow opener (10) one by one and are supported by the seedling taking end actuator (6) to ensure the correct posture before planting, and then the seedling taking end actuator (6) is lifted upwards to do return stroke action; then, the hole tray seedlings are fixedly planted by using an earthing press wheel (8); the whole process omits the design of a traditional opening and closing mechanism for clamping and releasing plug seedlings and avoids the seedling damage when the seedlings are clamped and taken out from the seedling raising tray; in the traveling process of the transplanting device, the furrow opener (10) passively opens a planting furrow to prepare for the falling furrow field planting of the plug seedlings.
When the whole row of plug seedlings in the fifth step are dialed into the guide grooves (9) from the seedling gate (5) one by one, namely, the last plug seedling in the whole row of plug seedlings leaves the seedling gate (5), the seedling raising tray is transferred downwards by the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2), so that the next row of plug seedlings is transferred to be butted with the block cutting device (3), the plug seedlings in the row are cut and then are independently formed into blocks, and the plug seedlings are transferred to the seedling gate (5) one by the transverse seedling transferring mechanism (4) to wait for planting.
The working process of the utility model is as follows. The transplanting device is started, the whole seedling tray with seedlings is fed into the seedling box (1), the seedling tray slides downwards under the action of gravity to be matched with the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2), the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) transfers plug seedlings to the dicing system (3) line by line, and the dicing system (3) rotates and downwards transfers the seedling transferring mechanism (2) to match with the seedling tray to cut the whole line of the seedling tray. The seedling tray is cut by the cutting system (3) to form single plug seedlings, and the single plug seedlings are moved to the corresponding positions of the seedling doors (5) on the fixed guide rails (11) in rows to wait for planting. The seedling taking end effector (6) rotates to the seedling door (5) to enable a single plug seedling to be planted to be pulled away from the seedling door (5), the seedling is taken to slide through the guide groove (9), finally the seedling is separated from the guide groove (9) and falls into a planting ditch formed by the furrow opener (10), and the left side and the right side of the plug seedling are covered with soil and then compacted by the soil covering press wheel (8) to complete field planting of the plug seedling. After the seedling taking end actuator (6) transfers the hole-moving tray seedlings, the horizontal seedling transferring mechanism (4) acts to drive the seedling box (1) to complete the horizontal transfer, the next single hole-moving tray seedling is transferred to the seedling gate (5) to be planted, and the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) continues to work until the whole row of hole-moving tray seedlings are completely planted.
The connecting device can hang the whole set of transplanting device behind the power system and can control the lifting of the transplanting device by the power output system.
The utility model has the advantages of good effect. The utility model has the advantages that the transplanting efficiency is improved by the tape reel transplanting after the cutting, and the cutting acting force directly acts on the seedling tray, so that the seedling is prevented from being damaged by the mechanism; the dicing system cuts the whole tray of plug seedlings into blocks in line, the dicing is accurate, and the seedling taking end actuator after the dicing is finished adopts simple circular motion to stably control the posture of the plug seedlings, so that the high-efficiency plug seedling falling field planting can be realized. Adopt the utility model discloses such technical scheme can realize: the seedling dividing and cutting technology is not influenced by the growth state of the seedling pot of the crop, such as thick and strong stem, conglobation of the pot body wrapped by the root system and the like, and the adaptability of the transplanting technology to transplanted crops is improved. Based on the seedling tray made of degradable materials, the device and the method of the utility model can realize that the plug seedlings do not need to be separated from the seedling tray in the whole transplanting process, but are directly transplanted with the tray after being diced, thereby solving the problem of seedling damage caused by the grabbing action of the plug seedlings; the actuating mechanism is simple and convenient to design, and the working efficiency is high; the plug seedlings are controlled in the whole transplanting process, the postures of all key points are guaranteed, the operation track is simple, and the operation speed is improved; the degradable material educates seedling tray degradable, need not to retrieve, does not cause the destruction to the environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the transplanting method of the device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 seedling box 2 longitudinal moving seedling mechanism 3 dicing device 4 transverse moving seedling mechanism 5 seedling gate 6 seedling taking end executor 7 rotating part 8 earthing press wheel 9 guide groove 10 furrow opener 11 fixed guide rail 12 connecting device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The structure of the device of the utility model is shown in figure 1. A transplanting device based on degradable seedling raising tray comprises: the seedling box 1, the longitudinal seedling moving mechanism 2, the dicing system 3, the transverse seedling moving mechanism 4, the seedling door 5, the seedling taking end effector 6, the rotating part 7, the soil covering press wheel 8, the guide groove 9, the furrow opener 10, the fixed guide rail 11 and the connecting device 12. The connecting device 12 is fixedly provided with a fixed guide rail 11, a rotating part 7, a soil covering press wheel 8, a guide groove 9 and a furrow opener 10. The seedling taking end effector 6 is fixedly arranged on the rotating part 7 and rotates along with the rotating part 7. The seedling taking end effector 6, the seedling door 5, the guide groove 9, the furrow opener 10 and the soil covering press wheel 8 are all positioned on the same plane with the seedlings to be planted at the seedling door 5. The fixed guide rail 11 is provided with a transverse seedling moving mechanism 4 in a sliding way, so that the seedling raising tray can slide back and forth along the horizontal direction of the guide rail; the seedling box 1, the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism 2 and the dicing device 3 are fixedly arranged on the transverse seedling transferring mechanism 4; the seedling box 1 is obliquely arranged on the transverse seedling moving and conveying mechanism 4; the fixed guide rail 11 is provided with a seedling gate 5; the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism 2 is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box 1, and realizes the in-line intermittent seedling transferring of a seedling tray to the dicing system 3; the cutting system 3 is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box 1 and is used for receiving row plug seedlings conveyed to the place by the longitudinal seedling conveying mechanism 2; the connecting device 12 is connected with the output end of the external power device; a transverse cut is designed on the seedling raising plate. The seedling box 1 is installed with an inclination of 60 degrees with respect to the machine advancing direction.
The flow chart of the transplanting method of the utility model is shown in fig. 2, which comprises the following steps.
Separating a lower plate of a seedling raising plate with grown seedlings, and placing the whole upper plate with the grown seedlings on a seedling box 1;
feeding the whole tray seedlings into a seedling box, moving the seedling tray to a longitudinal seedling conveying mechanism 2 under the action of gravity, intermittently conveying the tray seedlings line by line to a dicing system 3 under the driving of the longitudinal seedling conveying mechanism 2, and cutting the seedling tray in line by the dicing system 3;
moving the whole row of plug seedlings downwards after the row cutting, wherein only a single plug seedling is waiting for planting at the seedling gate 5;
fourthly, the plug seedlings are stirred into the guide grooves 9 from the seedling gate 5 one by one through simple rotary motion of the seedling taking end actuator 6 arranged on the rotary member 7;
step five, when the plug seedlings are separated from the guide grooves 9, the plug seedlings automatically fall into planting ditches formed by a furrow opener 10, and then the plug seedlings are fixedly planted by using an earthing press wheel (8); in the traveling process of the transplanting device, the furrow opener 10 is driven to open a planting furrow to prepare for the falling furrow field planting of the plug seedlings;
after seedlings to be planted leave the seedling gate 5, the transversely-moving seedling mechanism 4 horizontally and intermittently transfers the well-cut plug seedlings to the seedling gate 5 one by one, and after the whole row of plug seedlings are transversely transferred one by one, the longitudinally-moving seedling mechanism 2 transfers the well-cut plug seedlings downwards to the dicing system 3 for cutting, and the process is repeated.
Examples
At the end of 6 months in 2019, 72-hole (6 multiplied by 12) pepper seedlings with the seedling age of about 60 days are transplanted on the field of south Beijing of Jiangsu by using the device. The device is hung on a chassis of the rice transplanter, a 12V power supply is connected out of the chassis for the work of a cutting system, and an output shaft of a power system of the rice transplanter drives a longitudinal and transverse seedling transferring mechanism and a seedling taking rotating piece. After seedlings are fed manually into the seedling box, a transplanting operation system can be started, the whole plate of pepper seedlings is moved downwards along the seedling box to a longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism, the bottom of a seedling raising plate is matched with a longitudinal seedling conveying mechanism, the longitudinal seedling conveying mechanism drives the pepper seedlings to be intermittently transferred in a row to a slitting system, a cutter slits longitudinal edges between cavity grids, and the degradable seedling raising plate is matched with a transverse dividing line structure, so that the row of cavity plate seedlings are slit into single plate disc cavity plate seedlings which fall to a seedling gate position to wait for transplanting; the furrow opener passively opens a planting ditch with proper depth and width in front of the position of the seedling planting point; the seedling taking end actuator executes continuous rotary motion, and a single mechanism finishes the operations of seedling taking from a seedling gate, seedling conveying along the guide groove and seedling falling planting of plug seedlings; the earthing press wheel then accomplishes the extrusion earthing and the suppression compaction function to cave dish seedling. The whole working cycle is completely executed by the machine, so that labor is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a plug seedling transplanting device which characterized in that includes: the seedling box (1), a longitudinal seedling moving mechanism (2), a dicing device (3), a transverse seedling moving mechanism (4), a seedling door (5), a seedling taking end actuator (6), a rotating part (7), an earthing press wheel (8), a guide groove (9), a furrow opener (10), a fixed guide rail (11) and a connecting device (12);
a fixed guide rail (11), a rotating part (7), a soil covering press wheel (8), a guide groove (9) and a furrow opener (10) are fixedly arranged on the connecting device (12); the seedling taking end effector (6) is fixedly arranged on the rotating piece (7) and rotates along with the rotating piece (7); a seedling gate (5) is arranged on the fixed guide rail (11); the guide groove (9) is arranged on the fixed guide rail (11); the seedling taking end actuator (6), the seedling door (5), the guide groove (9), the furrow opener (10) and the earthing press wheel (8) are all positioned on the same plane with the seedlings to be planted at the seedling door (5); the seedling taking end actuator (6) is of a chopstick structure, so that the cut seedlings to be planted are taken from the seedling gate (5) and are conveyed into the planting ditch formed by the furrow opener (10); the guide groove (9) is formed by combining a left guide sheet and a right guide sheet to form a groove so as to realize the posture control of the seedlings separated from a seedling gate;
the transverse seedling moving mechanism (4) is slidably arranged on the fixed guide rail (11) and can realize reciprocating sliding along the guide rail; a seedling box (1), a longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) and a dicing device (3) are fixedly arranged on the transverse seedling transferring mechanism (4); the seedling box (1) is arranged at an inclination angle which is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than 90 degrees relative to the advancing direction of the machine; the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box (1) to realize the intermittent transferring of seedling plates in rows to the dicing device (3); the cutting device (3) is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box (1), is connected with the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) and cuts the seedling tray into blocks;
the connecting device (12) is connected with the output end of the external power transmission device.
2. The plug seedling transplanting device of claim 1, wherein: the driving mode of the transverse seedling moving mechanism (4) is one of screw shaft or cylinder driving; the pitch of the screw shaft or the single transverse moving distance of the cylinder piston is equal to the central distance of the transversely adjacent pots of the seedling raising tray.
3. The plug seedling transplanting device of claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal seedling transferring mechanism (2) is driven by any one of a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a gear rack, a chain wheel, a chain and a cylinder; the longitudinal intermittent transfer distance is equal to the central distance between adjacent vertical pots of the seedling-raising tray.
4. The plug seedling transplanting device of claim 1, wherein: the furrow opener (10) is any one of a boot-type furrow opener, a double-disc furrow opener and a corrugated disc furrow opener; the width of the furrow opener is more than or equal to the width of a single plug seedling pot.
5. The plug seedling transplanting device of claim 1, wherein: the seedling raising tray is made of degradable materials, and the cut pieces can be degraded after being transplanted to soil; the seedling tray consists of an upper tray and a lower tray, and the degradable seedling tray is provided with a special transverse notch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922131098.5U CN211406834U (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Plug seedling transplanting device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922131098.5U CN211406834U (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Plug seedling transplanting device |
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| CN211406834U true CN211406834U (en) | 2020-09-04 |
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| CN201922131098.5U Expired - Fee Related CN211406834U (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Plug seedling transplanting device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165132A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-19 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Plug seedling transplanting device and method |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111165132A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-05-19 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Plug seedling transplanting device and method |
| CN111165132B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2024-01-30 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Plug seedling transplanting device and method |
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Granted publication date: 20200904 Termination date: 20211203 |