CN211122358U - Triaxial device for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis - Google Patents
Triaxial device for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis Download PDFInfo
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- CN211122358U CN211122358U CN201921344205.6U CN201921344205U CN211122358U CN 211122358 U CN211122358 U CN 211122358U CN 201921344205 U CN201921344205 U CN 201921344205U CN 211122358 U CN211122358 U CN 211122358U
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a triaxial device suitable for testing the mechanical property of soil under the action of water circulation osmosis, which comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper crossbeam, a level gauge, a base, a bottom controller and a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam is provided with a level gauge and is fixedly connected with the bottom controller through a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam can control balance by adjusting the threaded supporting rod according to the level; the bottom controller is provided with a base, and the bottom controller can control the lifting of the base; the triaxial pressure chamber comprises a test system and a water circulation system of a soil sample; the triaxial pressure chamber is wholly airtight in gas starting, the device can carry out hydrologic cycle to the soil sample that awaits measuring, then survey the mechanical properties of soil sample after the hydrologic cycle. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation. The water-receiving circulation and permeation action is combined with the test, so that the disturbance of secondary sample preparation soil is avoided, and the test result is real and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to geotechnical engineering soil property testing arrangement field, concretely relates to be applicable to the improvement triaxial apparatus of the test soil body mechanical characteristic under water circulation osmosis.
Background
The sea sand causes the migration of particles in the soil body due to the beating and returning actions of the sea waves, so that the internal structure of the soil body is changed, and the mechanical property of the soil body is influenced. And the erosion can cause geological disasters such as landslides and sky pits. Therefore, for marine buildings, it is very important to study the erosion effect of soil under the action of water circulation and infiltration.
The triaxial device is the mainstream device for measuring various soil mechanical shear properties in the geotechnical engineering field at present. The existing triaxial device is not suitable for simulating the water circulation effect, and can not integrate the water circulation osmosis effect of the soil sample and the mechanical property of the measured soil sample. There is a need for an improved triaxial apparatus for testing the effect of water circulation on the strength and deformation characteristics of natural sand of different grades.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the present invention provides a triaxial apparatus suitable for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis, so as to solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a triaxial apparatus suitable for testing the mechanical property of soil under the action of water circulation infiltration comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper crossbeam, a level gauge, a base, a bottom controller and a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam is provided with a level gauge and is fixedly connected with the bottom controller through a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam can control balance and contact by adjusting the threaded supporting rod according to the level; the bottom controller is provided with a base, and the bottom controller can control the lifting of the base; the three-axis pressure chamber is composed of a pressure chamber outer cylinder with openings at two ends and a hollow inner part, a pressure chamber bottom plate and a pressure chamber top cover, wherein a first exhaust port is arranged on the pressure chamber top cover, and a first liquid inlet is arranged on the pressure chamber bottom plate; an upper sample cap and a lower sample cap are symmetrically arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber, and an accommodating space for a soil sample to be detected is formed between the upper sample cap and the lower sample cap; the upper sample cap is provided with a first water inlet and a first circulation channel, the lower sample cap is provided with a second water inlet and a second circulation channel, and the opposite end surfaces of the upper sample cap and the lower sample cap are respectively provided with a first spray hole and a second spray hole; the first spray hole is communicated with the first water inlet through a first circulation channel, the first water inlet is communicated with the upper water tank through an external upper water pipe, the bottom of the upper water tank is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the top of the upper water tank is provided with a second air outlet; the second spray hole is communicated with the second water inlet through a second circulation channel, the second water inlet is communicated with a lower water tank through an external sewer pipe, a flow valve, a water suction pump and a flowmeter are sequentially arranged between the sewer pipe and the lower water tank, a third liquid inlet and a third air outlet are formed in the lower water tank, and the third air outlet is externally connected with an air suction pump; a sample cover is arranged on the upper sample tube, a pressure sensor is arranged between the upper cross beam and the upper sample tube, and the pressure sensor penetrates through the pressure chamber top cover and the sample cover to be in contact with the upper sample cap; a displacement sensor is arranged between the upper cross beam and the pressure sensor, one end of the displacement sensor is fixed on the upper cross beam, and the other end of the displacement sensor is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor; the whole triaxial pressure chamber is airtight in gas opening.
Furthermore, a cushion block and a top bead are sequentially fixed at the bottom of the upper cross beam from top to bottom, and the pressure sensor is in centered contact with the top bead.
Further, last sample cap with the soil sample that awaits measuring between be equipped with filter screen one, lower sample cap with the soil sample that awaits measuring between be equipped with filter screen two, filter screen one and filter screen two the aperture be less than the diameter of the soil sample that awaits measuring.
The utility model also provides a triaxial apparatus's application method suitable for the test soil body is mechanical characteristic under water circulation osmosis, and concrete step is as follows:
s1: a second filter screen, a lower sample cap, a soil sample to be detected wrapped by a rubber film, the first filter screen and an upper sample cap are sequentially arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber from bottom to top, a first spray hole of the upper sample cap is opposite to a second spray hole of the lower sample cap, the upper sample film and the lower sample film are integrally sealed through the rubber film, and a beef tendon is bound; then the whole triaxial device is installed, the whole triaxial pressure chamber is ensured to be airtight and closed, and leveling is carried out through a level;
s2: opening a third exhaust port of the lower water tank, filling water into the lower water tank in a three-way manner through the liquid inlet, and then closing the liquid inlet; closing a second liquid outlet of the upper water tank and opening a second air outlet;
s3: starting the water pump, regulating the flow valve to control the water flow to a required parameter value, and enabling the water to flow from the lower part of the soil sample to the upper part of the soil sample through the lower sample cap and enter the upper water tank; after the water in the lower water tank is pumped out, the water pump is closed, the air pump is opened, the water flows out of the upper water tank and sequentially flows into the lower water tank through the upper sample cap and the lower sample cap until the water level of the lower water tank is not increased any more, and then primary water circulation of the soil sample to be detected is completed;
s4: repeating the operation of the step S3 for n times to complete n +1 times of circulation, then closing all valves of the triaxial pressure chamber to ensure that the whole body is airtight, then opening the first liquid inlet, introducing water into the three chambers to the confining pressure required by the experiment, then setting the strain rate of the base through the controller, enabling the base to move upwards to apply vertical load to the soil sample, and manually suspending when the force monitored by the pressure sensor meets the requirement; finally, under the action of confining pressure and vertical force, shear strain is generated, a mole circle can be drawn by a computer, the cohesive force and the friction angle of soil after water circulation are measured, and the strength of a soil body can be obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) the axial stress sigma of the unit body in the space stress state is measured by changing different confining pressures through a computer1And obtaining the elastic modulus E by axial strain, wherein the formula is as follows:
σ1＝E
and obtaining curve fitting of the elastic modulus under different confining pressures, and obtaining the axial elastic modulus of the soil body.
(2) Under the drainage condition, the body strain of the soil body can be known through the drainage quantity, and the body expansion or body contraction of the soil body can be known.
(3) By measuring stresses sigma of unit body in three directions1，σ2,σ3. From these three stresses, a molar stress circle can be drawn, the radius of which is half the difference between the maximum stress and the minimum stress of these three stresses. The maximum shear stress tau can be obtainedmaxAccording to different confining pressures, a molar stress circle is drawn, a tangent line on the circle is drawn, and the slope of the tangent line is the friction angle
The value intersecting the shear stress axis is the cohesion C.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the utility model has the advantages of being simple in structure and convenient in operation, the simulation is true reliable. The water-receiving circulation and permeation action is combined with the test, so that the disturbance of secondary sample preparation soil is avoided, and the truth and reliability of test results are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structure view of the lower water tank of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structure diagram of the upper sample cap of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the drawings, 1, a level meter, 2, an upper cross beam, 3, a cushion block, 4, a top bead, 5, a displacement sensor, 6, a fixing clamp, 7, a pressure chamber top cover, 8, a pressure chamber outer cylinder, 9, a pressure chamber bottom plate, 10, a base, 11, a bottom controller, 12, an upper sample cap, 13, a first spray hole, 14, a first filter screen, 15, a second filter screen, 16, a second spray hole, 17, a lower sample cap, 18, a first liquid inlet, 19, a first exhaust port, 20, a first water inlet, 21, a second water inlet, 22, a water feeding pipe, 23, a sewer pipe, 24, an upper water tank, 25, a lower water tank, 26, a second liquid outlet, 27, a second air outlet, 28, a third liquid inlet, 29, a third exhaust port, 30, a water suction pump, 31, an air suction pump, 32, a soil sample to be measured, 33, a sample cover, 34, a pressure sensor, 35, a flow meter, 38. and a second flow channel 39 and a threaded support rod.
A triaxial apparatus suitable for testing the mechanical property of soil under the action of water circulation infiltration comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper crossbeam 2, a level gauge 1, a base 10, a bottom controller 11 and a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam 2 is provided with a level gauge 1, and the upper cross beam 2 is fixedly connected with a bottom controller 11 through a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam 2 can control balance and contact by adjusting the threaded supporting rod according to the level gauge 11; the bottom controller 11 is provided with a base 10, and the bottom controller 11 can control the lifting of the base 10; the three-axis pressure chamber is composed of a pressure chamber outer cylinder 8 with openings at two ends and a hollow inner part, a pressure chamber bottom plate 9 and a pressure chamber top cover 7, wherein a first exhaust port 19 is arranged on the pressure chamber top cover 7, and a first liquid inlet 18 is arranged on the pressure chamber bottom plate 9; an upper sample cap 12 and a lower sample cap 17 are symmetrically arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber, and an accommodating space for a soil sample 32 to be measured is formed between the upper sample cap 12 and the lower sample cap 17; a first filter screen 14 is arranged between the upper sample cap and the soil sample 32 to be detected, a second filter screen 15 is arranged between the lower sample cap 17 and the soil sample 32 to be detected, and the pore diameters of the first filter screen 14 and the second filter screen 15 are smaller than the diameter of the soil sample 32 to be detected; the upper sample cap 12 is provided with a first water inlet 20 and a first circulation channel 37, the lower sample cap 17 is provided with a second water inlet 21 and a second circulation channel 38, and the opposite end surfaces of the upper sample cap 12 and the lower sample cap 17 are respectively provided with a first spray hole 13 and a second spray hole 16; the water inlet I20 is communicated with an upper water tank 24 through an external upper water pipe 22, the bottom of the upper water tank 24 is provided with a liquid outlet II 26, and the top of the upper water tank is provided with an air outlet II 27; the second spray hole 16 is communicated with the second water inlet 21 through a second circulation channel 38, the second water inlet 21 is communicated with the lower water tank 25 through an external sewer pipe 23, a flow valve 36, a water suction pump 30 and a flow meter 35 are sequentially arranged between the sewer pipe 23 and the lower water tank 25, a liquid inlet third 28 and an air outlet third 29 are arranged on the lower water tank 25, and the air outlet third 29 is externally connected with a suction pump 31; a sample cover 33 is arranged on the upper sample tube, a pressure sensor 34 is arranged between the upper cross beam 2 and the upper sample tube, a cushion block 3 and a top bead 4 are sequentially fixed at the bottom of the upper cross beam 2 from top to bottom, the pressure sensor 34 is in centering contact with the top bead 4, and the pressure sensor 34 penetrates through the pressure chamber top cover 7 and the sample cover 33 to be in contact with the upper sample cap 12; a displacement sensor 5 is fixed on the upper cross beam 2, and the other end of the displacement sensor 5 is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor 34 through a fixing clamp 6; the triaxial pressure chamber is airtight.
The utility model also provides a triaxial apparatus's application method suitable for the test soil body is mechanical characteristic under water circulation osmosis, and concrete step is as follows:
s1: a filter screen II 15, a lower sample cap 17, a soil sample to be detected 32 wrapped by a rubber film, a filter screen I14 and an upper sample cap 12 are sequentially arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber from bottom to top, a spray hole I13 of the upper sample cap 12 is ensured to be opposite to a spray hole II 16 of the lower sample cap 17, the upper sample film and the lower sample film are integrally sealed through the rubber film, and a beef tendon is bound; then the whole triaxial device is installed, the whole triaxial pressure chamber is ensured to be airtight and closed, and leveling is carried out through a level 1;
s2: opening a third air outlet of the lower water tank 25, filling water into the lower water tank 25 through a third liquid inlet 28, and then closing the liquid inlet; then a second liquid outlet 26 of the upper water tank 24 is closed, and a second air outlet is opened;
s3: starting the water pump 30, adjusting the flow valve 36 to control the water flow to the required parameter value, and enabling water to flow from the lower part of the soil sample to the upper part of the soil sample through the lower sample cap 17 and enter the upper water tank 24; after the water in the lower water tank 25 is pumped out, the water pump 30 is closed, the air pump 31 is opened, the water flows out from the upper water tank 24 and sequentially flows into the lower water tank 25 through the upper sample cap 12 and the lower sample cap 17 until the water level of the lower water tank 25 is not increased any more, and 1 cycle is completed;
s4: repeating the operation of the step S3 for n times to complete n +1 times of circulation, then closing all valves of the triaxial pressure chamber to ensure that the whole body is airtight, then opening the first liquid inlet 18, introducing water into the three chambers to the confining pressure required by the experiment, then setting the strain rate of the base 10 through the bottom controller 11, enabling the base 10 to move upwards to apply vertical load to the soil sample, and manually suspending when the force monitored by the pressure sensor 34 meets the requirement; finally, under the action of confining pressure and vertical force, shear strain is generated, a computer can draw a mole circle, and the cohesive force and the friction angle of soil after water circulation are measured, so that the strength of a soil body can be obtained;
specifically, ① is used to measure the axial stress sigma of unit body under space stress state by changing different confining pressures via computer1And obtaining the elastic modulus E by axial strain, wherein the formula is as follows:
σ1＝E
obtaining curve fitting of the elastic modulus under different confining pressures to obtain the axial elastic modulus of the soil body;
② under the condition of water drainage, the body strain of the soil body can be known through the water drainage amount, and the body expansion or body contraction of the soil body can be known;
③ through measuring stress sigma of unit body in three directions1，σ2,σ3. From these three stresses, a molar stress circle can be drawn, the radius of which is half the difference between the maximum stress and the minimum stress of these three stresses. The maximum shear stress tau can be obtainedmaxAccording to different confining pressures, a molar stress circle is drawn, a tangent line on the circle is drawn, and the slope of the tangent line is the friction angle
The value intersected with the shear stress coordinate axis is the cohesive force C;
Claims (1)
1. a triaxial apparatus for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under the action of water circulation infiltration comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper crossbeam (2), a level meter (1), a base (10), a bottom controller (11) and a threaded support rod (39); the upper cross beam (2) is provided with a level gauge (1), and the upper cross beam (2) is fixedly connected with the bottom controller (11) through a threaded support rod (39); the upper cross beam (2) can control balance and contact by adjusting the threaded support rod (39) according to the level (1); the bottom controller (11) is provided with a base (10), and the bottom controller (11) can control the lifting of the base (10); the method is characterized in that: the three-axis pressure chamber is composed of a pressure chamber outer cylinder (8) with openings at two ends and hollow inside, a pressure chamber bottom plate (9) and a pressure chamber top cover (7), wherein a first exhaust port (19) is arranged on the pressure chamber top cover (7), and a first liquid inlet (18) is arranged on the pressure chamber bottom plate (9); an upper sample cap (12) and a lower sample cap (17) are symmetrically arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber, and an accommodating space of a soil sample (32) to be measured is formed between the upper sample cap (12) and the lower sample cap (17); a first filter screen (14) is arranged between the upper sample cap (12) and the soil sample (32) to be detected, a second filter screen (15) is arranged between the lower sample cap (17) and the soil sample (32) to be detected, and the pore diameters of the first filter screen (14) and the second filter screen (15) are smaller than the diameter of the soil sample (32) to be detected; the upper sample cap (12) is provided with a first water inlet (20) and a first circulation channel (37), the lower sample cap (17) is provided with a second water inlet (21) and a second circulation channel (38), and the opposite end surfaces of the upper sample cap (12) and the lower sample cap (17) are respectively provided with a first spray hole (13) and a second spray hole (16); the spray hole I (13) is communicated with the water inlet I (20) through a circulation channel I (37), the water inlet I (20) is communicated with the upper water tank (24) through an external upper water pipe (22), the bottom of the upper water tank (24) is provided with a liquid outlet II (26), and the top of the upper water tank is provided with an air outlet II (27); the second spray hole (16) is communicated with the second water inlet (21) through a second circulation channel (38), the second water inlet (21) is communicated with the lower water tank (25) through an external sewer pipe (23), a flow valve (36), a water suction pump (30) and a flow meter (35) are sequentially arranged between the sewer pipe (23) and the lower water tank (25), a third liquid inlet (28) is formed in the bottom of the lower water tank (25), a third air outlet (29) is formed in the top of the lower water tank (25), and the third air outlet (29) is externally connected with an air suction pump (31); a sample cover (33) is arranged on the upper sample cap (12), a pressure sensor (34) is arranged between the upper cross beam (2) and the upper sample cap (12), a cushion block (3) and a top bead (4) are sequentially fixed at the bottom of the upper cross beam (2) from top to bottom, the pressure sensor (34) is in centering contact with the top bead (4), and the pressure sensor (34) penetrates through the pressure chamber top cover (7) and the sample cover (33) to be in contact with the upper sample cap (12); a displacement sensor (5) is arranged between the upper cross beam (2) and the pressure sensor (34), one end of the displacement sensor (5) is fixed on the upper cross beam (2), and the other end of the displacement sensor (5) is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor (34); the triaxial pressure chamber is airtight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921344205.6U CN211122358U (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Triaxial device for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921344205.6U CN211122358U (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Triaxial device for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis |
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| CN211122358U true CN211122358U (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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| CN201921344205.6U Withdrawn - After Issue CN211122358U (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2019-08-19 | Triaxial device for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110514533A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-29 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of three-axis mounting and application method suitable for testing soil body mechanical characteristic in the case where water recycles osmosis |
-
2019
- 2019-08-19 CN CN201921344205.6U patent/CN211122358U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110514533A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-29 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of three-axis mounting and application method suitable for testing soil body mechanical characteristic in the case where water recycles osmosis |
| CN110514533B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2023-12-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Triaxial device suitable for testing mechanical properties of soil body under water circulation permeation effect and application method |
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