CN110514533B - Triaxial device suitable for testing mechanical properties of soil body under water circulation permeation effect and application method - Google Patents
Triaxial device suitable for testing mechanical properties of soil body under water circulation permeation effect and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110514533B CN110514533B CN201910764217.2A CN201910764217A CN110514533B CN 110514533 B CN110514533 B CN 110514533B CN 201910764217 A CN201910764217 A CN 201910764217A CN 110514533 B CN110514533 B CN 110514533B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
- G01N2203/0242—With circulation of a fluid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a triaxial device suitable for testing mechanical properties of soil under the action of water circulation permeation and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper cross beam, a level gauge, a base, a bottom controller and a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam is provided with a level gauge and is fixedly connected with the bottom controller through a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam can control balance and contact according to the level gauge by adjusting the threaded support rod; the bottom controller is provided with a base, and the bottom controller can control the lifting of the base; the triaxial pressure chamber comprises a test system and a water circulation system of a soil sample; the triaxial pressure chamber is wholly open and airtight, the device can carry out the hydrologic cycle to the soil sample that awaits measuring, then survey the mechanical properties of soil sample after the hydrologic cycle. The invention has simple structure, convenient operation and true and reliable test result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering soil property testing devices, and particularly relates to an improved triaxial device suitable for testing mechanical properties of soil under the action of water circulation permeation.
Background
The sea sand is beaten and retreated by sea waves, so that particles in the soil body migrate, and the internal structure of the soil body changes, thereby affecting the mechanical properties of the soil body. Such erosion may cause geologic hazards such as landslide, puddles. Therefore, for marine structures, it is important to study the erosion effect of soil under the action of water circulation and permeation.
The triaxial device is the mainstream device of all kinds of soil mechanics shear property of current geotechnical engineering world measurement. The existing triaxial device is not suitable for simulating the water circulation effect, and can not integrate the soil sample subjected to the water circulation permeation effect with the mechanical property of the measured soil sample. There is a need for an improved triaxial apparatus to test the effect of water circulation on the strength and deformation characteristics of natural sand of different grades.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an improved triaxial apparatus suitable for testing the mechanical properties of soil under the action of water circulation permeation, so as to solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the triaxial apparatus suitable for testing the mechanical properties of soil under the action of water circulation permeation comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper cross beam, a level gauge, a base, a bottom controller and a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam is provided with a level gauge and is fixedly connected with the bottom controller through a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam can control balance and contact according to the level gauge by adjusting the threaded support rod; the bottom controller is provided with a base, and the bottom controller can control the lifting of the base; the triaxial pressure chamber consists of a pressure chamber outer cylinder, a pressure chamber bottom plate and a pressure chamber top cover, wherein the two ends of the pressure chamber outer cylinder are open, the pressure chamber bottom plate is hollow, the pressure chamber top cover is provided with a first exhaust port, and the pressure chamber bottom plate is provided with a first liquid inlet; an upper sample cap and a lower sample cap are symmetrically arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber, and a containing space for a soil sample to be detected is formed between the upper sample cap and the lower sample cap; the upper sample cap is provided with a first water inlet and a first circulating channel, the lower sample cap is provided with a second water inlet and a second circulating channel, and the opposite end surfaces of the upper sample cap and the lower sample cap are respectively provided with a first spray hole and a second spray hole; the first spray hole is communicated with the first water inlet through the first circulating channel, the first water inlet is communicated with the upper water tank through an external water supply pipe, the bottom of the upper water tank is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the top of the upper water tank is provided with a second air outlet; the second spray hole is communicated with the second water inlet through a second flow passage, the second water inlet is communicated with a lower water tank through an external sewer pipe, a flow valve, a water suction pump and a flowmeter are sequentially arranged between the lower water tank and the lower water tank, a third liquid inlet and a third air outlet are formed in the lower water tank, and the third air outlet is externally connected with an air suction pump; a sample cover is arranged on the upper sample tube, a pressure sensor is arranged between the upper cross beam and the upper sample tube, and the pressure sensor penetrates through the pressure chamber top cover and the sample cover to be in contact with the upper sample cap; a displacement sensor is arranged between the upper cross beam and the pressure sensor, one end of the displacement sensor is fixed on the upper cross beam, and the other end of the displacement sensor is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor; the triaxial pressure chamber is airtight in whole.
Further, the bottom of the upper cross beam is sequentially fixed with a cushion block and a top bead from top to bottom, and the pressure sensor is in centering contact with the top bead.
Further, a first filter screen is arranged between the upper sample cap and the soil sample to be detected, a second filter screen is arranged between the lower sample cap and the soil sample to be detected, and the aperture of the first filter screen and the aperture of the second filter screen are smaller than the diameter of the soil sample to be detected.
The invention also provides a using method of the triaxial device suitable for testing the mechanical properties of the soil body under the action of water circulation permeation, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1: a second filter screen, a lower sample cap, a soil sample to be tested wrapped by a rubber film, a first filter screen and an upper sample cap are sequentially arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber from bottom to top, the first spray hole of the upper sample cap is opposite to the second spray hole of the lower sample cap, the upper sample film and the lower sample film form an integral seal through the rubber film, and the cowhells are bound; then the whole triaxial apparatus is installed, the whole triaxial pressure chamber is ensured to be airtight, and leveling is carried out through a level meter;
s2: opening a third air outlet of the lower water tank, filling water into the lower water tank through a three-way liquid inlet, and then closing the liquid inlet; closing a second liquid outlet of the upper water tank and opening a second air outlet;
s3: starting a water suction pump, regulating a flow valve to control water flow to a required parameter value, and enabling water to flow from the lower part of the soil sample to the upper part of the soil sample through a lower sample cap and enter an upper water tank; when the water in the lower water tank is pumped out, the water suction pump is closed, the air suction pump is turned on, and the water flows out from the upper water tank and flows into the lower water tank through the upper sample cap and the lower sample cap in sequence until the water level of the lower water tank is not increased any more, so that one water circulation of the soil sample to be measured is completed; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
S4: repeating the operation of the step S3 for n times to finish n+1 times of circulation, closing all valves of the triaxial pressure chamber to ensure that the whole triaxial pressure chamber is airtight, opening a first liquid inlet, introducing water into the triaxial pressure chamber to the confining pressure required by an experiment, setting the strain rate of a base through a controller, enabling the base to move upwards to apply vertical load to a soil sample, and manually suspending when the force monitored by a pressure sensor meets the requirement; finally, under the action of confining pressure and vertical force, shearing strain is generated, a computer can draw a mole circle, and the cohesive force and the friction angle of soil after water circulation are measured, so that the strength of the soil can be obtained, specifically: (1) By changing different confining pressures through a computer, the axial stress sigma of the unit body in a space stress state is measured 1 The elastic modulus E can be obtained by axial strain epsilon, and the formula is as follows:
σ 1 ＝Eε
and (5) obtaining curve fitting of elastic modulus under different confining pressures, and obtaining axial elastic modulus of the soil body.
(2) Under the drainage condition, the body strain of the soil body can be known through the drainage quantity, and whether the soil body expands or contracts can be known.
(3) By measuring stresses sigma in three directions of the unit body 1 ，σ 2 ,σ 3 . From these three stresses, a molar stress circle can be drawn, the radius of the circle being half the difference between the maximum stress and the minimum stress of the three stresses. The maximum shear stress tau can be obtained max According to the mole stress circles drawn by different confining pressures, drawing a tangent line on the circle, wherein the slope of the tangent line is the friction angleThe value intersecting the shear stress coordinate axis is the cohesion C.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has simple structure, convenient operation and real and reliable simulation. The method combines the water circulation permeation effect with the test, avoids the disturbance of the secondary sample preparation soil, and is favorable for the reality and reliability of the test result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the structure of the lower tank of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the cap structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with specific embodiments.
1 to 3, 1, a level meter, 2, an upper cross beam, 3, a cushion block, 4, a top bead, 5, a displacement sensor, 6, a fixing clamp, 7, a pressure chamber top cover, 8, a pressure chamber outer cylinder, 9, a pressure chamber bottom plate, 10, a base, 11, a bottom controller, 12, an upper sample cap, 13, a spray hole I, 14, a filter screen I, 15, a filter screen II, 16, a spray hole II, 17, a lower sample cap, 18, a liquid inlet I, 19, an air outlet I, 20, a water inlet I, 21, a water inlet II, 22, an upper water pipe, 23, a lower water pipe, 24, an upper water tank, 25, a lower water tank, 26, a liquid outlet II, 27, an air outlet II, 28, a liquid inlet III, 29, an air outlet III, 30, a water pump, 31, a pump, 32, a soil sample to be measured, 33, a sample cap, 34, a pressure sensor, 35, a flowmeter, 36, a flow valve, 37, a flow channel I, 38, a flow channel II, 39 and a threaded support rod are shown in the figures.
The triaxial device suitable for testing the mechanical properties of soil under the action of water circulation permeation comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper cross beam 2, a level 1, a base 10, a bottom controller 11 and a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam 2 is provided with a level meter 1, and the upper cross beam 2 is fixedly connected with a bottom controller 11 through a threaded support rod; the upper cross beam 2 can control balance and contact according to the level meter 1 by adjusting the threaded support rod; the base 10 is arranged on the bottom controller 11, and the bottom controller 11 can control the lifting of the base 10; the triaxial pressure chamber consists of a pressure chamber outer cylinder 8, a pressure chamber bottom plate 9 and a pressure chamber top cover 7, wherein the two ends of the pressure chamber outer cylinder are open, the pressure chamber bottom plate 9 is hollow, the pressure chamber top cover 7 is provided with an exhaust port I19, and the pressure chamber bottom plate 9 is provided with a liquid inlet I18; the triaxial pressure chamber is internally and symmetrically provided with an upper sample cap 12 and a lower sample cap 17, and a containing space of a soil sample 32 to be detected is formed between the upper sample cap 12 and the lower sample cap 17; a first filter screen 14 is arranged between the upper sample cap and the soil sample 32 to be detected, a second filter screen 15 is arranged between the lower sample cap 17 and the soil sample 32 to be detected, and the apertures of the first filter screen 14 and the second filter screen 15 are smaller than the diameter of the soil sample 32 to be detected; the upper sample cap 12 is provided with a first water inlet 20 and a first circulating channel 37, the lower sample cap 17 is provided with a second water inlet 21 and a second circulating channel 38, and the opposite end surfaces of the upper sample cap 12 and the lower sample cap 17 are respectively provided with a first spray hole 13 and a second spray hole 16; the first water inlet 20 is communicated with the upper water tank 24 through an externally connected upper water pipe 22, a second liquid outlet 26 is arranged at the bottom of the upper water tank 24, and a second air outlet 27 is arranged at the top of the upper water tank; the second spray hole 16 is communicated with the second water inlet 21 through a second flow channel 38, the second water inlet 21 is communicated with the lower water tank 25 through an external sewer pipe 23, a flow valve 36, a water suction pump 30 and a flow meter 35 are sequentially arranged between the sewer pipe 23 and the lower water tank 25, a third liquid inlet 28 and a third air outlet 29 are arranged on the lower water tank 25, and the third air outlet 29 is externally connected with an air suction pump 31; a sample cover 33 is arranged on the upper sample tube, a pressure sensor 34 is arranged between the upper cross beam 2 and the upper sample tube, a cushion block 3 and a top bead 4 are sequentially fixed at the bottom of the upper cross beam 2 from top to bottom, the pressure sensor 34 is in centering contact with the top bead 4, and the pressure sensor 34 penetrates through the pressure chamber top cover 7 and the sample cover 33 to be in contact with the upper sample cap 12; a displacement sensor 5 is fixed on the upper cross beam 2, and the other end of the displacement sensor 5 is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor 34 through a fixing clamp 6; the triaxial pressure chamber is airtight as a whole.
The invention also provides a using method of the triaxial device suitable for testing the mechanical properties of the soil body under the action of water circulation permeation, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1: a second filter screen 15, a lower sample cap 17, a soil sample 32 to be tested wrapped by a rubber film, a first filter screen 14 and an upper sample cap 12 are sequentially arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber from bottom to top, the first spray hole 13 of the upper sample cap 12 is opposite to the second spray hole 16 of the lower sample cap 17, the upper sample film and the lower sample film form an integral seal through the rubber film, and the cowling is bound; then, the whole triaxial apparatus is installed, the whole triaxial pressure chamber is ensured to be airtight, and leveling is carried out through the level meter 1;
s2: opening an exhaust port III of the lower water tank 25, filling water into the lower water tank 25 through a liquid inlet III 28, and then closing the liquid inlet; then closing a second liquid outlet 26 of the upper water tank 24 and opening a second air outlet;
s3: the water suction pump 30 is started, the flow valve 36 is regulated to control the water flow to the required parameter value, and the water flows from the lower part of the soil sample to the upper part of the soil sample through the lower sample cap 17 and enters the upper water tank 24; when the water in the lower water tank 25 is pumped out, the water suction pump 30 is closed, the air suction pump 31 is opened, and the water flows out of the upper water tank 24 and flows into the lower water tank 25 through the upper sample cap 12 and the lower sample cap 17 in sequence until the water level of the lower water tank 25 is not increased any more, and then 1 cycle is completed;
s4: repeating the operation of the step S3 for n times to finish n+1 times of circulation, closing all valves of the triaxial pressure chamber to ensure that the whole body is airtight, opening a first liquid inlet 18, introducing water into the triaxial chamber to reach the confining pressure required by the experiment, setting the strain rate of the base 10 through the bottom controller 11, enabling the base 10 to move upwards to apply vertical load to the soil sample, and manually suspending when the force monitored by the pressure sensor 34 meets the requirement; finally, under the action of confining pressure and vertical force, shearing strain is generated, a computer can draw a molar circle, and the cohesive force and the friction angle of soil after water circulation are measured, so that the strength of the soil body can be obtained;
specifically, (1) changing different confining pressures by a computer, and measuring the axial stress sigma of the unit body in a space stress state 1 The elastic modulus E can be obtained by axial strain epsilon, and the formula is as follows:
σ 1 ＝Eε
obtaining curve fitting of elastic modulus under different confining pressures, and obtaining axial elastic modulus of a soil body;
(2) under the drainage condition, the body strain of the soil body can be known through the drainage quantity, and whether the soil body expands or contracts can be known;
(3) by measuring stresses sigma in three directions of the unit body 1 ，σ 2 ,σ 3 . From these three stresses, a molar stress circle can be drawn, the radius of the circle being half the difference between the maximum stress and the minimum stress of the three stresses. The maximum shear stress tau can be obtained max According to the mole stress circles drawn by different confining pressures, drawing a tangent line on the circle, wherein the slope of the tangent line is the friction angleThe value intersected with the shear stress coordinate axis is cohesive force C;
Claims (2)
1. the triaxial device suitable for testing the mechanical properties of the soil body under the action of water circulation permeation comprises a triaxial pressure chamber, an upper cross beam (2), a level meter (1), a base (10), a bottom controller (11) and a threaded support rod (39); the upper cross beam (2) is provided with a level meter (1), and the upper cross beam (2) is fixedly connected with the bottom controller (11) through a threaded support rod (39); the upper cross beam (2) can control balance and contact according to the level meter (1) by adjusting the threaded support rod (39); a base (10) is arranged on the bottom controller (11), and the bottom controller (11) can control the lifting of the base (10); the method is characterized in that: the triaxial pressure chamber consists of a pressure chamber outer cylinder (8), a pressure chamber bottom plate (9) and a pressure chamber top cover (7), wherein the two ends of the pressure chamber outer cylinder are open, the pressure chamber bottom plate (9) is hollow, an exhaust port I (19) is arranged on the pressure chamber top cover (7), and a liquid inlet I (18) is arranged on the pressure chamber bottom plate (9); an upper sample cap (12) and a lower sample cap (17) are symmetrically arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber, and a containing space for a soil sample (32) to be detected is formed between the upper sample cap (12) and the lower sample cap (17); a first filter screen (14) is arranged between the upper sample cap (12) and the soil sample (32) to be detected, a second filter screen (15) is arranged between the lower sample cap (17) and the soil sample (32) to be detected, and the apertures of the first filter screen (14) and the second filter screen (15) are smaller than the diameter of the soil sample (32) to be detected; the upper sample cap (12) is provided with a first water inlet (20) and a first circulating channel (37), the lower sample cap (17) is provided with a second water inlet (21) and a second circulating channel (38), and the opposite end surfaces of the upper sample cap (12) and the lower sample cap (17) are respectively provided with a first spray hole (13) and a second spray hole (16); the first spray hole (13) is communicated with the first water inlet (20) through a first circulating channel (37), the first water inlet (20) is communicated with the upper water tank (24) through an external water feeding pipe (22), a second liquid outlet (26) is arranged at the bottom of the upper water tank (24), and a second air outlet (27) is arranged at the top of the upper water tank; the second spray hole (16) is communicated with the second water inlet (21) through a second flow passage (38), the second water inlet (21) is communicated with the lower water tank (25) through an external sewer pipe (23), a flow valve (36), a water suction pump (30) and a flowmeter (35) are sequentially arranged between the sewer pipe (23) and the lower water tank (25), a third liquid inlet (28) is arranged at the bottom of the lower water tank (25), a third air outlet (29) is arranged at the top of the lower water tank (25), and the third air outlet (29) is externally connected with an air suction pump (31); the upper sample cap (12) is provided with a sample cover (33), a pressure sensor (34) is arranged between the upper cross beam (2) and the upper sample cap (12), a cushion block (3) and a top bead (4) are sequentially fixed at the bottom of the upper cross beam (2) from top to bottom, the pressure sensor (34) is in centering contact with the top bead (4), and the pressure sensor (34) penetrates through the pressure chamber top cover (7) and the sample cover (33) to be in contact with the upper sample cap (12); a displacement sensor (5) is arranged between the upper cross beam (2) and the pressure sensor (34), one end of the displacement sensor (5) is fixed on the upper cross beam (2), and the other end is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor (34); the triaxial pressure chamber is airtight as a whole.
2. The method of using a triaxial apparatus adapted to test the mechanical properties of a soil body under the effect of water circulation infiltration according to claim 1, wherein: the using method comprises the following steps:
s1: a second filter screen (15), a lower sample cap (17), a soil sample (32) to be tested, a first filter screen (14) and an upper sample cap (12) which are wrapped by a rubber film are sequentially arranged in the triaxial pressure chamber from bottom to top, the first spray hole (13) of the upper sample cap (12) is opposite to the second spray hole (16) of the lower sample cap (17), and the whole formed by the upper sample film and the lower sample film is sealed through the rubber film, so that the cowling is bound; then, the whole triaxial apparatus is installed, the whole triaxial pressure chamber is ensured to be airtight, and leveling is carried out through a level meter (1);
s2: opening an exhaust port III (29) of the lower water tank (25), filling water into the lower water tank (25) through a liquid inlet III (28), and then closing the liquid inlet III (28); closing a second liquid outlet (26) of the upper water tank (24), and opening a second air outlet (27);
s3: starting a water suction pump (30), regulating a flow valve (36) to control water flow to a required experimental parameter value, and enabling water to flow from the lower part of a soil sample (32) to be tested to the upper part of the soil sample through a lower sample cap (17) and enter an upper water tank (24); when the water in the lower water tank (25) is pumped out, the water suction pump (30) is closed, the air suction pump (31) is opened, and the water flows out from the upper water tank (24) and sequentially flows into the lower water tank (25) through the upper sample cap (12) and the lower sample cap (17) until the water level of the lower water tank (25) is not increased any more, and then 1 water circulation of the soil sample (32) to be detected is completed;
s4: repeating the operation of the step S3 for n times to finish n+1 times of circulation, closing all valves of the triaxial pressure chamber to ensure that the whole triaxial pressure chamber is airtight, opening a first liquid inlet (18), introducing water into the triaxial pressure chamber to reach the confining pressure required by an experiment, setting the strain rate of a base (10) through a bottom controller (11), enabling the base (10) to move upwards to apply vertical load to a soil sample, and manually suspending when the force monitored by a pressure sensor (34) meets the requirement; finally, under the action of confining pressure and vertical force, shearing strain is generated, a computer draws a mole circle, and the cohesive force and the friction angle of soil after water circulation are measured to obtain the strength of the soil body;
namely: (1) by changing different confining pressures through a computer, the axial stress sigma of the unit body in a space stress state is measured 1 The elastic modulus E can be obtained by axial strain epsilon, and the formula is as follows:
σ 1 ＝Eε
obtaining curve fitting of elastic modulus under different confining pressures, and obtaining axial elastic modulus of a soil body;
(2) under the drainage condition, judging the body strain of the soil body through the drainage quantity, so as to judge whether the soil body expands or contracts;
(3) by measuring stresses sigma in three directions of the unit body 1 ，σ 2 ,σ 3 According to the three stresses, a molar stress circle is drawn, and the radius of the circle is half of the difference value between the maximum stress and the minimum stress in the three stresses; the maximum shear stress tau can be obtained max Drawing a tangent line on the circle according to the mol stress circles drawn by different confining pressures, wherein the slope of the tangent line is a friction angle phi, and the value intersected with the shear stress coordinate axis is a cohesive force C;
τ max ＝C+σtanφ。
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| CN111413263B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-10-30 | 西安理工大学 | Three-axis instrument for jointly measuring unsaturated soil water and gas movement |
| CN112710809B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-02-28 | 机械工业勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Soil body test system and method under hydraulic coupling effect |
| CN112964562A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Triaxial test equipment for measuring eroded soil particles under action of seepage force |
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| CN103091173A (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-05-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Triaxial test apparatus of soil under water-soil chemical action and method thereof |
| CN104596852A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-05-06 | 宁波大学 | Rock-soil body temperature-control dynamic characteristic test system and test method |
| CN104833579A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-12 | 河海大学 | Test device and test method for testing strength change of soil body after occurrence of seepage deformation of dykes and dams |
| CN104964878A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Triaxial test system and method for unsaturated soil multi-field coupling |
| CN106680131A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-17 | 立方通达实业（天津）有限公司 | Triaxial piping test system |
| CN211122358U (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Triaxial device for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis |
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2019
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103091173A (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-05-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Triaxial test apparatus of soil under water-soil chemical action and method thereof |
| CN104596852A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-05-06 | 宁波大学 | Rock-soil body temperature-control dynamic characteristic test system and test method |
| CN104833579A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-12 | 河海大学 | Test device and test method for testing strength change of soil body after occurrence of seepage deformation of dykes and dams |
| CN104964878A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Triaxial test system and method for unsaturated soil multi-field coupling |
| CN106680131A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-17 | 立方通达实业（天津）有限公司 | Triaxial piping test system |
| CN211122358U (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Triaxial device for testing mechanical characteristics of soil under water circulation osmosis |
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