CN210378961U

CN210378961U - Harmless disposal and recovery device for waste fluorescent lamp

Info

Publication number: CN210378961U
Application number: CN201921827893.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶汉伟; 罗宏基; 李霞; 刘强东; 宋传军; 蔡园
Original assignee: Sichuan Changhong Gerun Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Changhong Gerun Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-28
Filing date: 2019-10-28
Publication date: 2020-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a recovery unit is dealt with to old and useless fluorescent lamp innocent treatment belongs to old and useless fluorescent lamp recovery processing technical field, solves current old and useless fluorescent lamp and handles according to current dry method recovery processing technology, and the rate of recovery and the low problem of each result sorting rate of mercury-containing phosphor powder. The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the waste fluorescent lamp harmless disposal and recovery device comprises a crusher, a vibration separator, an eddy current separator and a negative pressure pipeline, wherein the crusher is used for crushing the waste fluorescent lamps and desorbing mercury-containing fluorescent powder, and the desorbed mercury-containing fluorescent powder is recovered through the negative pressure pipeline; the glass and the metal are separated by a vibration separator and an eddy current separator in a gradient way, the desorption rate of the mercury-containing fluorescent powder in the waste fluorescent lamp reaches 99.9 percent, the separation efficiency of the glass, the metal and the like can reach more than 95 percent, and the mercury residual amount in the glass is lower than the detection limit and can be directly sold to the outside. The utility model provides a technical support for the development of the waste fluorescent lamp recycling market treatment process.

Description

Harmless disposal and recovery device for waste fluorescent lamp

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of old and useless fluorescent lamp recovery processing, specifically a old and useless fluorescent lamp innocent treatment recovery unit.

Background

The fluorescent lamp utilizes mercury as an active activating component, belongs to HW29 mercury-containing waste in national hazardous waste records, and if the waste fluorescent lamp is improperly treated, the harmful component mercury can enter human bodies through skin, breath or food, thus causing great harm to human health. The main difficulty of the harmless treatment technology of the waste fluorescent lamp is to reduce the production cost and reach the environmental protection standard while ensuring the high-efficiency recovery of the mercury-containing fluorescent powder in the waste fluorescent lamp.

The harmless disposal technology of the waste fluorescent lamp is divided into three categories, which are respectively as follows: a sulfur-adding landfill method, a burning method and a recycling method. The sulfur filling landfill method firstly converts mercury into cured mercury sulfide and then carries out landfill, the method has short treatment time, but the detection of the American environmental protection agency on landfill leachate shows that the detected mercury concentration exceeds the drinking water standard, and has great hidden danger. In addition, researches show that the treatment effect of the incineration method is more secondary, 90% of mercury in the waste fluorescent lamp enters the atmosphere, the content of mercury in the environment cannot be reduced, the emission of mercury is increased due to the fact that a large amount of fuel is needed for combustion, and the plastic components in the lamp holder are converted into dioxin highly toxic compounds after incineration and harm is caused to the environment. Therefore, the recycling method is the most advocated method in all countries at present and can be divided into a wet recycling process and a dry recycling process.

At present, the industrial recovery mostly adopts a wet recovery process, and the method has high mercury recovery rate, but has high treatment cost, large waste liquid generation amount and hidden danger of secondary pollution. The dry recovery process can better solve the problems existing in the process, but is limited by the influence of low removal rate of mercury-containing fluorescent powder in the waste fluorescent lamp, and the method is not popularized in domestic waste fluorescent lamp recovery processing enterprises.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a recovery unit is dealt with to old and useless fluorescent lamp innocent treatment solves current old and useless fluorescent lamp and handles according to current dry process recovery processing technology, and the rate of recovery and the low problem of each result sorting rate of mercury-containing phosphor powder.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the waste fluorescent lamp harmless disposal and recovery device comprises a crusher, a vibration separator, an eddy current separator and a negative pressure pipeline, wherein an inlet of the crusher is connected with a feed hopper, the feed hopper comprises a sealing cover, and the feed hopper is connected with the negative pressure pipeline; the outlet of the pulverizer is connected with the inlet of the vibration separator, a plurality of layers of screens are arranged in the vibration separator to form a coarse particle outlet and a fine particle outlet, a glass collecting device is arranged below the fine particle outlet, a powder collecting tank is arranged below the screen of the lowest screen of the vibration separator, and the powder collecting tank is connected with a negative pressure pipeline; the coarse particle outlet of the vibration separator is connected with the inlet of the eddy current separator, the eddy current separator is connected with the negative pressure pipeline, and the eddy current separator is provided with two separation outlets.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the rubbing crusher slope is arranged, and the feeder hopper is located the lower one end in rubbing crusher position, and the lateral part is arranged in to the feed inlet of feeder hopper to set up plastics baffle.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the two ends of the rotating shaft of the pulverizer are respectively connected with a cooling device, the cooling device comprises a cooling water tank, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected with the cooling water tank through a water pump, and the water outlet pipe is connected with the cooling water tank.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the outlet of the crusher is connected with a Z-shaped discharging pipe, the Z-shaped discharging pipe is connected with a negative pressure pipeline, the outlet of the Z-shaped discharging pipe is connected with a conveyor, and the outlet of the conveyor is connected with the inlet of the vibration sorting machine.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the conveyer is a closed belt conveyer, the conveyer is obliquely arranged, and an outlet of the conveyer is positioned at one end with a higher position.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the pulverizer is a spiral pulverizer.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and the lower sides of the two separation outlets of the eddy current separator are respectively provided with a metal collecting device and a secondary separation glass collecting device.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: two layers of screen meshes are arranged in the vibratory separator, the diameter of the mesh of the first layer of screen mesh is 10mm, the diameter of the mesh of the second layer of screen mesh is 0.2mm, the screen of the first layer of screen mesh is communicated with the coarse particle outlet, the screen of the second layer of screen mesh is communicated with the fine particle outlet, and the bottom of the second layer of screen mesh is provided with a powder collecting tank.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the coarse particle outlet of the vibration separator is connected with the inlet of the hoister, and the outlet of the hoister is connected with the inlet of the eddy current separator.

The utility model has the advantages that: the waste fluorescent lamp harmless disposal and recovery device has the advantages of compact and simple structure, high efficiency, low cost, full-closed negative pressure treatment and no secondary pollution hidden trouble; crushing the waste fluorescent lamp and desorbing the mercury-containing fluorescent powder by using a crusher, and recovering the desorbed mercury-containing fluorescent powder through a negative pressure pipeline; the glass and the metal are separated by a vibration separator and an eddy current separator in a gradient way, the desorption rate of the mercury-containing fluorescent powder in the waste fluorescent lamp reaches 99.9 percent, the separation efficiency of the glass, the metal and the like can reach more than 95 percent, the mercury residual amount in the glass is lower than the detection limit, the mercury-containing fluorescent powder can be directly sold to the outside, and the recovered mercury-containing fluorescent powder, the sulfur-carrying active carbon and other wastes are sent to units with corresponding qualities for treatment.

The utility model discloses not only improved the rate of recovery and each result sorting rate of mercury-containing phosphor powder among the old and useless fluorescent lamp dry process recovery processing technology, provided a technical support for the development of old and useless fluorescent lamp recovery market processing technology simultaneously.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the recycling apparatus for harmless disposal of waste fluorescent lamps according to the present invention.

Reference numerals: the device comprises a grinder 1, a vibration separator 2, a coarse particle outlet 2-1, a fine particle outlet 2-2, a powder collecting tank 2-3, an eddy current separator 3, a negative pressure pipeline 4, a feed hopper 5, a glass collecting device 6-1, a metal collecting device 6-2, a secondary separation glass collecting device 6-3, a Z-shaped discharge pipe 7, a conveyor 8 and a lifter 9.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses old and useless fluorescent lamp innocent treatment recovery unit, including rubbing crusher 1, vibration sorter 2, eddy current sorter 3 and negative pressure pipeline 4, 1 entry linkage feeder hopper 5 of rubbing crusher sets up the feed inlet that supplies old and useless fluorescent lamp to get into the rubbing crusher on feeder hopper 5. The feed inlet of the feed hopper 5 is preferably arranged at the side part and provided with a plastic baffle plate for plugging the feed inlet of the feed hopper 5. The feed hopper 5 is connected with the negative pressure pipeline 4, and the feed hopper 5 comprises a sealing cover to ensure that the feed hopper 5 is internally maintained in a negative pressure state. The crusher 1 is used for crushing the waste fluorescent lamp and desorbing the mercury-containing fluorescent powder, and the desorbed mercury-containing fluorescent powder is recovered through the negative pressure pipeline 4. For example, the pulverizer 1 is a screw pulverizer. The screw crusher is preferably arranged obliquely with the feed hopper 5 at the lower end of the crusher 1. The spiral rubbing crusher slope is arranged, and under the action of gravity, the material has the trend of landing downwards towards 5 one sides of feeder hopper, can play the extrusion friction effect better, realizes the secondary desorption to guarantee the desorption efficiency of phosphor powder.

Rubbing crusher 1 is at the operation in-process, and the pivot can produce higher temperature, for improving crushing efficiency and life, rubbing crusher 1 can set up cooling device, for example liquid cooling device. Specifically, cooling device is connected respectively at 1 pivot both ends of rubbing crusher, and cooling device includes coolant tank, inlet tube and outlet pipe, and coolant tank can place on the support of 1 lower part of rubbing crusher, and the inlet tube passes through the water pump to be connected with coolant tank, and the outlet pipe is connected with coolant tank, makes the circulating water constantly utilized through natural cooling.

The export of rubbing crusher 1 links up with the entry of vibration sorter 2, and the material after the smashing gets into vibration sorter 2 and selects separately. The pulverizer 1 is directly or indirectly connected with the vibration separator 2. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the outlet of the pulverizer 1 is connected to a Z-shaped discharge pipe 7, and the Z-shaped discharge pipe 7 is connected to the negative pressure pipe 4. The Z-shaped discharge port 7 has a buffering effect on the crushed materials, and the surface area between the materials can be increased, so that the recovery efficiency of the negative pressure pipeline 4 on the desorbed fluorescent powder is improved. The outlet of the Z-shaped discharge pipe 7 is connected with a conveyor 8, and the outlet of the conveyor 8 is connected with the inlet of the vibration separator 2. The conveyor 8 is used for transferring the crushed material to the vibrating separator 2, the conveyor 8 is preferably a closed belt conveyor, the conveyor 8 is arranged obliquely, and an outlet of the conveyor 8 is positioned at the higher end.

A plurality of layers of screens are arranged in the vibration separator 2, namely at least two layers of screens are arranged, the screens form a coarse particle outlet 2-1 and a fine particle outlet 2-2, the coarse particle outlet 2-1 is connected with an inlet of the eddy current separator 3, and a glass collecting device 6-1 is arranged on the lower side of the fine particle outlet 2-2. A powder collecting tank 2-3 is arranged under the screen of the lowest screen of the vibration separator 2, and the powder collecting tank 2-3 is connected with a negative pressure pipeline 4. The mercury-containing fluorescent powder in the powder collecting tank 2-3 is recovered through the negative pressure pipeline 4. For example, two layers of screens are arranged in the vibrating separator 2, the diameter of the mesh of the first layer of screen is 10mm, the diameter of the mesh of the second layer of screen is 0.2mm, the screen of the first layer of screen is communicated with a coarse particle outlet 2-1, the screen of the second layer of screen is communicated with a fine particle outlet 2-2, and the bottom of the second layer of screen is provided with a powder collecting tank 2-3. Materials with the grain diameter of 0.2mm-10mm enter a glass collecting device 6-1 through a vibration sorting machine 2, and materials with the grain diameter of more than 10mm enter an eddy current sorting machine 3 from a coarse grain outlet 2-1 for secondary sorting.

The coarse particle outlet 2-1 of the vibratory separator 2 is connected with the inlet of the eddy current separator 3, and the two can be directly or indirectly connected. A lifting device may be provided between the coarse particle outlet 2-1 and the inlet of the eddy current classifier 3 in consideration of the height difference therebetween, wherein the lifting device is of a closed structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the coarse particle outlet 2-1 is connected to the inlet of the elevator 9, and the outlet of the elevator 9 is connected to the inlet of the eddy current classifier 3. The eddy current separator 3 is connected with the negative pressure pipeline 4, the eddy current separator 3 is provided with two separation outlets, and the lower sides of the two separation outlets are respectively provided with a metal collecting device 6-2 and a secondary separation glass collecting device 6-3.

The utility model discloses old and useless fluorescent lamp innocent treatment recovery unit utilizes breaker 1 to carry out the desorption of breakage and mercury-containing phosphor powder to old and useless fluorescent lamp, and the mercury-containing phosphor powder of desorption is retrieved through the negative pressure pipeline, selects separately and 3 echelon separation glass and metal of eddy current sorter through vibrations sorter 2.

The working process of the harmless disposal and recovery device for the waste fluorescent lamp comprises the following steps: firstly, a control system is started, a cooling device of the pulverizer 1 is started, and the rotating speed of the pulverizer 1 is adjusted according to the production rate and the crushed particle size of the waste fluorescent lamp. And secondly, the waste fluorescent lamps are fed from a feed inlet of a feed hopper 5, the waste fluorescent lamps are crushed by a rotary crushing cutter after entering a crusher 1, and mercury-containing fluorescent powder on the fluorescent glass is desorbed by utilizing the extrusion friction action generated between fluorescent lamp glass and between the fluorescent lamp glass and the crushing cutter, and a large amount of mercury-containing fluorescent powder is recovered through a negative pressure pipeline 4. The desorbed glass and metal enter a conveyor 8 through a Z-shaped discharge pipe 7 and are conveyed into the vibration separator 2, and the materials are separated by utilizing a screen inside the vibration separator 2. Materials with the particle size smaller than 0.2mm enter the powder collecting tank 2-3, and under the action of negative pressure, mercury-containing fluorescent powder in the powder collecting tank 2-3 is returned through the negative pressure pipeline 4; the material with the grain diameter of 0.2mm-10mm enters a glass collecting device 6-1 through a fine grain outlet 2-2; the material with the grain diameter larger than 10mm enters the eddy current separator 3 through the hoister 9 for secondary separation. After the eddy current separator 3 carries out secondary separation, the separation rate of metal and glass reaches more than 95%.

Claims

1. The waste fluorescent lamp harmless disposal and recovery device is characterized in that: the device comprises a crusher (1), a vibration separator (2), an eddy current separator (3) and a negative pressure pipeline (4), wherein an inlet of the crusher (1) is connected with a feed hopper (5), the feed hopper (5) comprises a sealing cover, and the feed hopper (5) is connected with the negative pressure pipeline (4); an outlet of the pulverizer (1) is connected with an inlet of the vibration separator (2), a plurality of layers of screen meshes are arranged in the vibration separator (2) to form a coarse particle outlet (2-1) and a fine particle outlet (2-2), a glass collecting device (6-1) is arranged on the lower side of the fine particle outlet (2-2), a powder collecting tank (2-3) is arranged under the screen mesh at the bottommost layer of the vibration separator (2), and the powder collecting tank (2-3) is connected with a negative pressure pipeline (4); a coarse particle outlet (2-1) of the vibration separator (2) is connected with an inlet of an eddy current separator (3), the eddy current separator (3) is connected with a negative pressure pipeline (4), and the eddy current separator (3) is provided with two separation outlets.

2. The apparatus for harmlessly disposing and recycling a waste fluorescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein: rubbing crusher (1) slope is arranged, and feeder hopper (5) are located the lower one end in rubbing crusher (1) position, and the lateral part is arranged in to the feed inlet of feeder hopper (5) to set up the plastics baffle.

3. The apparatus for harmlessly disposing and recycling a waste fluorescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the rotating shaft of the pulverizer (1) are respectively connected with a cooling device, the cooling device comprises a cooling water tank, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected with the cooling water tank through a water pump, and the water outlet pipe is connected with the cooling water tank.

4. The apparatus for harmlessly disposing and recycling a waste fluorescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the pulverizer (1) is connected with a Z-shaped discharging pipe (7), the Z-shaped discharging pipe (7) is connected with a negative pressure pipeline (4), the outlet of the Z-shaped discharging pipe (7) is connected with a conveyor (8), and the outlet of the conveyor (8) is connected with the inlet of the vibration separator (2).

5. The apparatus for harmlessly disposing and recycling a waste fluorescent lamp according to claim 4, wherein: the conveyor (8) is a closed belt conveyor, the conveyor (8) is obliquely arranged, and an outlet of the conveyor (8) is positioned at one end with a higher position.

6. The apparatus for harmlessly disposing and recycling a waste fluorescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein: the pulverizer (1) is a spiral pulverizer.

7. The apparatus for harmlessly disposing and recycling a waste fluorescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein: the lower sides of two sorting outlets of the eddy current sorting machine (3) are respectively provided with a metal collecting device (6-2) and a secondary sorting glass collecting device (6-3).

8. The apparatus for the innocent treatment and recovery of waste fluorescent lamps as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: two layers of screen meshes are arranged in the vibration separator (2), the diameter of the mesh of the first layer of screen mesh is 10mm, the diameter of the mesh of the second layer of screen mesh is 0.2mm, the oversize of the first layer of screen mesh is communicated with a coarse particle outlet (2-1), the oversize of the second layer of screen mesh is communicated with a fine particle outlet (2-2), and the bottom of the second layer of screen mesh is provided with a powder collecting tank (2-3).

9. The apparatus for the innocent treatment and recovery of waste fluorescent lamps as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the coarse particle outlet (2-1) of the vibration separator (2) is connected with the inlet of the hoisting machine (9), and the outlet of the hoisting machine (9) is connected with the inlet of the eddy current separator (3).