CN210342219U - Building with prefabricated bathroom - Google Patents
Building with prefabricated bathroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN210342219U CN210342219U CN201920948673.8U CN201920948673U CN210342219U CN 210342219 U CN210342219 U CN 210342219U CN 201920948673 U CN201920948673 U CN 201920948673U CN 210342219 U CN210342219 U CN 210342219U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a building with prefabricated toilets, which comprises a plurality of prefabricated toilets which are overlapped in the vertical direction, wherein each prefabricated toilet comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and a toilet wallboard positioned between the bottom plate and the top plate; the bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet on the Nth layer is positioned in a cavity defined by the beams and/or the wallboards on the Nth layer, the top plate of the prefabricated toilet on the Nth layer is positioned in a cavity defined by the beams and/or the wallboards on the (N + 1) th layer, wherein N is a natural number greater than 1; the bottom plate of the lowest prefabricated toilet is supported on the foundation layer, and the top plate is positioned in a cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates on the 2 nd layer. The utility model discloses a prefabricated bathroom can make in advance at the mill, can accomplish the waterproofing and the waterproof test of bathroom in the mill, is favorable to the standardization of bathroom, and prefabricated bathroom installation construction process is relatively independent with building major structure's construction, is favorable to the concentrated installation of prefabricated bathroom, has promoted the installation effectiveness of prefabricated bathroom.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a building with prefabricated bathroom belongs to building technical field.
Background
In the prior art, referring to fig. 1, the toilet is mostly constructed in a cast-in-place mode together with a building main body structure, a bottom plate and a top plate of the toilet are formed, toilet wallboards located between the bottom plate and the top plate are formed, after the toilet is decorated, the toilet floor and other indoor floors are approximately located on the same horizontal plane, a caisson 21 with a certain height is reserved for the toilet during the next working, during the later decoration, the caisson is mainly subjected to waterproof treatment, and the caisson is filled with filling materials 22 after drainage pipelines of a pre-buried toilet, so that the purpose of lifting the toilet floor to the heights of the other indoor floors is achieved. Certain requirements are made on the filling materials: 1. the backfill material has certain water-containing capacity; 2. the backfill material has certain structural force, is not too loose, and is not easy to sink after backfilling. Therefore, the subsequent decoration workload of the cast-in-place toilet is large, and the decoration cost is high.
In order to improve the above situation, prefabricated toilets have been known for some time, which have at least been finished with the interior finishing of the toilet, which can be prefabricated in the factory, inside which the toilet bowl and the various water and electricity lines are installed. For example, patent document 1 (publication No. CN102296837B) discloses a multi-story building with prefabricated members and a semi-prefabricated construction method thereof, in which horizontal exposed reinforcing bars are pre-installed at the bottom of a prefabricated bathroom and connected with reinforcing bars in a cast-in-place floor slab in order to improve the bonding strength between the prefabricated bathroom and a main structure of the building. The prefabricated toilet reduces the workload of a cast-in-place structure and simplifies the later decoration of the toilet, but the connection between the prefabricated toilet and a main building structure (a wallboard or a beam and the like) is still carried out in a cast-in-place mode, the main building structure and the prefabricated toilet on each floor must be constructed simultaneously, and the construction efficiency of the prefabricated toilet is still improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to improve the installation and construction efficiency of prefabricated bathroom, the utility model provides a building with prefabricated bathroom, concrete technical scheme as follows.
A building having a prefabricated toilet comprising a plurality of prefabricated toilets stacked in a vertical direction, said prefabricated toilets comprising a floor, a roof and toilet wall panels between the floor and the roof; the bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet on the Nth layer is positioned in a cavity defined by the beams and/or the wallboards on the Nth layer, the top plate of the prefabricated toilet on the Nth layer is positioned in a cavity defined by the beams and/or the wallboards on the (N + 1) th layer, wherein N is a natural number greater than 1; the bottom plate of the lowest prefabricated toilet is supported by the foundation layer, and the top plate is positioned in a cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates on the 2 nd layer.
The bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet at the lowest part (the prefabricated toilet at the 1 st floor) is supported by the foundation layer, the prefabricated toilets at other floors are sequentially overlapped in the vertical direction, the top plate and the bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet at each floor are limited by the beam and/or the wall plate in the horizontal direction, so that the position of the prefabricated toilet at each floor can be ensured to be in a relatively fixed state, and the separation of the installation and construction process of the prefabricated toilet and the construction process of a building main body (which will be described in detail later) can be realized, and the construction efficiency and the consistency of the construction quality of the prefabricated toilet are improved.
Furthermore, a supporting member crossing the cavity is arranged between two adjacent prefabricated toilets up and down, and two ends of the supporting member are respectively fixed to the beam and/or the wall plate. After the supporting members are arranged, the prefabricated toilets on the upper part can be supported on the supporting members, so that the weight of the prefabricated toilets on each layer is transmitted to the beam and/or the wall plate of the building main body on the layer through the supporting members, and under the condition, the prefabricated toilets on the lower part can be used for reducing the structural strength requirement of the prefabricated toilets without bearing the weight of the prefabricated toilets on the upper part, the single weight of the prefabricated toilets is reduced, and the transportation and the hoisting of the prefabricated toilets are facilitated.
Furthermore, a sleeve with internal threads is pre-embedded in the position, corresponding to the cavity, of the beam/wall board, a through hole is formed in the supporting member, and a fastener penetrates through the through hole to be fixedly connected with the sleeve. Through the installation mode, the installation of the supporting member can be separated from the construction of the building main body, and the installation and construction of the prefabricated toilet are conveniently centralized.
Further, the support member is an angle steel distributed along the edge of the cavity. The angle steel is convenient to obtain materials and low in cost, and is convenient to be fixedly connected with the embedded sleeve of the beam or the wallboard. Or the supporting member is an inverted U-shaped steel plate which is arranged at intervals and spans the cavity. The angle steel or the inverted U-shaped steel plate can reliably support the prefabricated toilet.
Further, a concrete layer is arranged between the two adjacent prefabricated toilets, and the supporting member is located inside the concrete layer. The concrete layer can protect the supporting member and prevent the supporting member from rusting and losing efficacy in a long-term use process; in addition, even when the support members do not provide a good supporting force, the prefabricated toilet below can provide a supporting force to the prefabricated toilet above through the concrete layer.
The construction method of the prefabricated toilet building mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing the building main body, reserving a cavity surrounded by beams and/or wallboards in each layer except the foundation layer, wherein the cavity can be penetrated by a prefabricated toilet;
s2: hoisting the lowest prefabricated toilet, sequentially passing through the formed cavities from top to bottom, and laying on the foundation layer, wherein the top plate of the prefabricated toilet is positioned in the cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates on the second layer;
s3: installing a supporting member in the cavity of the second layer, wherein two ends of the supporting member are respectively fixed to the beam and/or the wall plate;
s4; hoisting the prefabricated toilet of the second layer, enabling the prefabricated toilet to sequentially penetrate through the formed cavities from top to bottom and to be placed above the supporting members of the second layer, wherein the bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet of the second layer is positioned in the cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates of the layer 2, and the top plate is positioned in the cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates of the layer 3;
s5: and repeating the step S3 and the step S4, and finishing the installation of the prefabricated toilets on the third layer and above in sequence.
Further, in the step S3, the step S31 is further included after the support member is installed: and pouring concrete for coating the supporting member into the cavity of the second layer to form a concrete layer.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following beneficial effect has.
1. The prefabricated toilet can be prefabricated in a factory, waterproof construction and waterproof test of the toilet can be completed in the factory, standardization of the toilet is facilitated, and the problems that quality is not uniform, waterproof effect is poor, waterproof test period is long and the like in site decoration construction are solved.
2. The prefabricated toilet can finish the installation of toilets, water and electricity pipelines and the like in advance, and the decoration efficiency is greatly improved.
3. The utility model discloses a prefabricated bathroom installation construction technology is relatively independent with building major structure's construction, need not carry out the bathroom construction when each layer of construction, is favorable to the concentrated installation of prefabricated bathroom, has promoted the installation effectiveness of prefabricated bathroom.
4. The utility model discloses a prefabricated bathroom installation need not carry out the reinforcement, also need not to adopt special fixed means, hoist and mount place in place can, the installation effectiveness greatly promotes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a toilet structure fabricated by a cast-in-place method in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view in a vertical plane after the prefabricated toilet of the present invention is installed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the upper and lower prefabricated toilets;
FIG. 4 is another schematic view of the connection between the upper and lower prefabricated toilets;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cavity of the Nth floor without angle steel;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view after angle steel is installed in the cavity of the Nth floor;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view after a concrete layer is formed in the cavity of the Nth layer;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the installed nth floor prefabricated toilet.
In the figure: prefabricated bathroom 1, bottom plate 11, roof 12, bathroom wallboard 13, cavity 2, roof beam 3, wallboard 4, angle steel 5, sleeve 6, bolt 7, the type of falling U steel sheet 8, concrete layer 9, floor 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 2 to 8, a building with prefabricated toilets comprises a plurality of prefabricated toilets 1 stacked in a vertical direction, the prefabricated toilets 1 comprising a bottom plate 11, a top plate 12 and toilet wall plates 13 between the bottom plate 11 and the top plate 12; the bottom plate 11 of the lowest prefabricated toilet (which can be considered as the first layer prefabricated toilet) is supported by the foundation layer, and the top plate 12 is positioned in the cavity 2 of the 2 nd layer enclosed by the beam 3 and/or the wall plate 4; the bottom plate 11 of the prefabricated toilet of the Nth layer is positioned in the cavity surrounded by the beam 4 and/or the wall plate 3 of the Nth layer, the top plate of the prefabricated toilet of the Nth layer is positioned in the cavity surrounded by the beam and/or the wall plate of the (N + 1) th layer, wherein N is a natural number larger than 1.
A water supply and drainage pipeline, a wiring pipeline, an illumination control box and the like are embedded in a bottom plate 11, a top plate 12 and a toilet wall plate 13 of the prefabricated toilet 1; the toilet wall 13 may be provided with doors and windows.
The foundation layer can be a foundation or a building component such as a floor slab, a beam and the like for placing the lowest prefabricated toilet. The lowest prefabricated toilet can be arranged in the underground part or the overground part of the building, and the beam of the Nth layer corresponds to the prefabricated toilet of the Nth layer. For example, if the prefabricated toilet is arranged from the second floor, the beam or floor of the second floor is a foundation layer, the beam of the first floor is the beam of the second floor, the bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet of the second floor is placed on the beam or floor of the second floor, and the top plate is positioned in a cavity surrounded by the beam and/or the wall plate of the first floor.
The cavity can be defined by beams and beams, beams and wallboards, or wallboards and wallboards. The cavity can be penetrated by a prefabricated toilet, the shape of the cavity is matched with the peripheral shape of the prefabricated toilet, and the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane is generally rectangular.
Preferably, a supporting member spanning the cavity 2 of the prefabricated toilet 1 is arranged between two adjacent prefabricated toilets 1, and two ends of the supporting member are respectively fixed on the beam 3 and/or the wall plate 4. A concrete layer 9 is further arranged between the two adjacent prefabricated toilets 1, and the supporting member is located inside the concrete layer 9. The prefabricated toilets 1 are all laid on a corresponding concrete layer 9. Referring to fig. 3, two ends of the supporting member are respectively fixed to the beam 3, and the supporting member is an angle steel 5 distributed along the edge of the cavity 2; the position of the beam 3 corresponding to the cavity 2 is pre-embedded with a sleeve 6 with internal threads, the angle steel 5 is provided with a through hole, and a bolt 7 (a fastener) penetrates through the through hole to be fixedly connected with the sleeve 6. Referring to fig. 4, the two ends of the supporting member are respectively fixed on the beam 3 and the wall plate 4, the supporting member is an inverted U-shaped steel plate 8, the inverted U-shaped steel plates 8 are arranged at intervals and span the cavity 2, and the two ends of the inverted U-shaped steel plate 8 are respectively fastened and connected with the embedded sleeves 6 of the beam 3 and the wall plate 4 through bolts 7. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the supporting member is not limited to the angle steel 5 or the inverted U-shaped steel plate 8, and other structural forms of the supporting member can be used as long as the supporting member can support the prefabricated toilet.
The concrete layer 9 can protect the supporting member and prevent the supporting member from rusting and losing efficacy in a long-term use process; in addition, even when the support members do not provide a good supporting force, the prefabricated toilet below can provide a supporting force to the prefabricated toilet above through the concrete layer. It should be noted that the concrete layer 9 is not an essential structure, and the prefabricated toilet 1 may be directly placed on the supporting member without the concrete layer 9. Of course, in the middle and low-rise building, when the structural strength of the prefabricated toilet is enough, the supporting member and the concrete layer 9 can be cancelled, the upper prefabricated toilet and the lower prefabricated toilet are directly contacted and overlapped, and the weight of the upper prefabricated toilet completely falls on the lower prefabricated toilet.
The construction method of the prefabricated toilet building mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing the building main body, reserving a cavity surrounded by a beam 3 and/or a wall plate 4 on each layer except a foundation layer, wherein the cavity 2 can be penetrated by the prefabricated toilet 1; the beam 3 or the wall plate 4 can be a prefabricated component or a cast-in-place component; the following step S2 may be performed after the building body is completely finished, or may be performed after a part of the building body is finished, for example, step S2 is performed when the building body is constructed to the third floor; the floor slab 10, which completes the construction of the main structure, is also erected.
S2: hoisting the lowermost prefabricated toilet 1, which sequentially penetrates through the formed cavities 2 from top to bottom and is placed on the foundation layer, wherein the top plate 12 of the prefabricated toilet 1 is positioned in the cavity 2 surrounded by the beams 3 and/or the wall plates 4 on the second layer;
s3: installing a supporting member in the cavity 2 of the second layer, wherein two ends of the supporting member are respectively fixed on the beam 3 and/or the wall plate 4;
s4; hoisting the prefabricated toilet of the second layer, enabling the prefabricated toilet to sequentially penetrate through the formed cavities from top to bottom and to be placed above the supporting members of the second layer, wherein the bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet of the second layer is positioned in the cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates of the layer 2, and the top plate is positioned in the cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates of the layer 3;
s5: and repeating the step S3 and the step S4, and finishing the installation of the prefabricated toilets on the third layer and above in sequence.
The construction of the prefabricated toilet can be relatively independent of the construction of the building body, for example, when the building completes the 10 th floor, the prefabricated toilet of the 5 th to 8 th floors is installed by continuous hoisting, then the construction is carried out on the 11 th to 13 th floors of the building body, and then the prefabricated toilet of the 9 th to 11 th floors is installed.
Preferably, in step S3, the method further includes step S31: and pouring concrete for coating the supporting member into the cavity of the second layer to form a concrete layer 9.
5-8 show the installation process of the N-th floor prefabricated toilet, and in FIG. 5, the N-th floor and the (N + 1) -th floor can be seen to have a cavity surrounded by the beam 3 and the wall plate 4; in fig. 6, the angle steel 5 is already installed in the cavity of the nth floor, and the angle steel 5 is positioned above the prefabricated toilet (not shown) of the (N + 1) th floor; in fig. 7, a concrete layer 9 for coating the angle steel 5 is formed in the cavity of the nth layer, and the prefabricated toilet of the nth layer can be hoisted after the concrete layer 9 is solidified; in fig. 8, the N-th floor of prefabricated toilet is hoisted in place and is located above the N-th floor of concrete layer 9, and the angle steel 5 in the cavity of the (N + 1) -th floor is also installed and is ready for hoisting the (N + 1) -th floor of prefabricated toilet.
After the prefabricated toilet is installed, a certain gap exists between the beam 3 and/or the wall plate 4 and the prefabricated toilet, and mortar can be utilized for filling and leveling. The pre-buried water and electricity pipeline in the prefabricated bathroom 1 is butted with the water and electricity pipeline of the building main body, and the prefabricated bathroom can be used.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and features of the embodiments and examples of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and the scope of the present invention, which is encompassed by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A building with prefabricated toilets is characterized by comprising a plurality of prefabricated toilets which are stacked in the vertical direction, wherein each prefabricated toilet comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and a toilet wall plate positioned between the bottom plate and the top plate; the bottom plate of the prefabricated toilet on the Nth layer is positioned in a cavity defined by the beams and/or the wallboards on the Nth layer, the top plate of the prefabricated toilet on the Nth layer is positioned in a cavity defined by the beams and/or the wallboards on the (N + 1) th layer, wherein N is a natural number greater than 1; the bottom plate of the lowest prefabricated toilet is supported on the foundation layer, and the top plate is positioned in a cavity surrounded by the beams and/or the wall plates on the 2 nd layer.
2. The building with the prefabricated toilets according to claim 1, wherein a supporting member spanning the cavity is arranged between two adjacent prefabricated toilets, and the two ends of the supporting member are respectively fixed to the beam and/or the wall plate.
3. The building with the prefabricated toilet is characterized in that a sleeve with internal threads is embedded in the position, corresponding to the cavity, of the beam and/or the wall board, a through hole is formed in the supporting member, and a fastener penetrates through the through hole to be fixedly connected with the sleeve.
4. A building with a prefabricated toilet according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the support elements are angle irons distributed along the edges of the cavity.
5. A building having a prefabricated lavatory according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the support members are inverted U-shaped steel plates spaced apart and spanning the cavity.
6. A building with prefabricated toilets according to claim 2 or 3, wherein there is a concrete layer between two adjacent toilets, and the supporting member is located inside the concrete layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920948673.8U CN210342219U (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-06-21 | Building with prefabricated bathroom |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920948673.8U CN210342219U (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-06-21 | Building with prefabricated bathroom |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210342219U true CN210342219U (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| CN201920948673.8U Active CN210342219U (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-06-21 | Building with prefabricated bathroom |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110206137A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 长沙远大住宅工业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of building and its construction method with prefabricated toilet |
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2019
- 2019-06-21 CN CN201920948673.8U patent/CN210342219U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110206137A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 长沙远大住宅工业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of building and its construction method with prefabricated toilet |
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