CN210197867U - 一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置 - Google Patents

一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置 Download PDF

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CN210197867U
CN210197867U CN201920964544.8U CN201920964544U CN210197867U CN 210197867 U CN210197867 U CN 210197867U CN 201920964544 U CN201920964544 U CN 201920964544U CN 210197867 U CN210197867 U CN 210197867U
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Miaoyin Su
苏苗印
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HANGZHOU HANGYANG CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING CO LTD
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于包括空气分离制氧装置和氮气膨胀发电装置，通过空分变负荷技术和液氮储能发电技术，长期稳定输出氧气产品，并于高峰用电时段输出电能。本实用新型的有益效果是：实现蓄能装置（空气分离装置）全过程连续运行，有效减少设备频繁开停机带来的调试消耗和故障风险；既满足储能发电功能又能获取高价值的氧气产品，是一种高效和经济的储能技术。

Description

一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及压缩空气储能技术领域，具体涉及一种与空气分离结合的液化空气储能技术，适用于储能发电并输出氧气产品。
背景技术
全球能源供应问题面临诸多挑战，增加可再生能源发电输出变得更为迫切。目前液化空气储能技术（LAES）作为一种有吸引力的储能技术，能量密度大且易于储存，有效解决可再生能源发电不稳定性的问题。液化空气储能技术以空气为载体，由于受到系统整体循环效率的限制，考虑峰谷电价差等因素，存在实用价值不高的问题。
在实际运用中，通常会将液化空气储能装置于外部供热或供冷系统联产耦合，如工业废热和液化天然气等，提高整体使用经济价值。但是特定的使用条件限制了其使用范围，为寻求更好的能源整合，亟需从系统内寻求一种更为高效和经济的解决方案。
实用新型内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题，本实用新型提出一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，在现有空分装置技术和液化空气储能技术基础上，利用空分装置变负荷技术，以液氮为传质媒介实现储能发电，并向下游用户平稳可靠输出产品氧气，大大提高了现有液化空气储能系统的经济效益。
通过采用上述技术，与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果如下：
一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，包括空气分离制氧装置和氮气膨胀发电装置；
所述空气分离制氧装置，包括空气过滤器、空压机、冷气机、分子筛吸附器、电加热器、增压机、膨胀增压机、主换热器、精馏塔、主冷凝器、液氮贮槽及液氧贮槽；空气过滤器、空压机、冷气机、分子筛吸附器依次相连，所述分子筛吸附器设有两只，其中一只分子筛吸附器与主换热器相连，主换热器与精馏塔的下塔相连，另一只分子筛吸附器与增压机相连，增压机与膨胀增压机相连，膨胀增压机与精馏塔的下塔相连；所述精馏塔的下塔顶部设有气氮输出管路，气氮在主冷凝器中液化输出到液氮贮槽，精馏塔的下塔底部设有富氧液空管路，富氧液空抽出作为上塔回流液；精馏塔的上塔底部设有两个液氧输出管路，一部分液氧送入到液氧贮槽，另一部分液氧被气化送到主换热器，精馏塔的上塔底部氮气输出管路，氮气在主换热器复热后送出；
所述氮气膨胀发电装置，包括液氮加压泵、汽化器、蓄冷器及膨胀发电机，所述液氮贮槽的出口连接液氮加压泵的入口，所述液氮加压泵的出口连接汽化器的入口，所述汽化器的出口与膨胀发电机相连，高压氮气从汽化器的出口进入膨胀发电机发电；所述蓄冷器与汽化器相连，液氮气化冷量传递给蓄冷器，所述蓄冷器与主换热器相连。
所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述空压机和增压机通过变频或调节入口导叶实现变负荷，在装置储能阶段高负荷运行，在装置释能阶段低负荷运行。
所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述空气分离制氧装置中的所有设备均能运行在高负荷工况或低负荷工况。
所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述两只分子筛吸附器其中一只工作时，另一只再生，储能阶段再生气用气来自于精馏塔上塔顶部的氮气，释能阶段的再生气用气来自精馏塔上部顶部的氮气和膨胀发电机末级出口的氮气。
所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述液氧贮槽起到平衡氧气产品输出总量作用，在装置储能阶段贮存液氧，在装置释能阶段输出液氧，使汇总后输出的氧气产品总量始终维持稳定。
所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述蓄冷器在冷量过剩时储存冷量，冷量短缺时释放冷量，平衡装置在储能阶段或释能阶段不同的冷量需求。
所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述膨胀发电机在装置储能阶段不工作，在装置释能阶段发电，用以平抑电网波动。
本实用新型提供的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，在现有空分装置技术和液化空气储能技术基础上，利用空分装置变负荷技术，以液氮为传质媒介实现储能发电，并向下游用户平稳可靠输出产品氧气，大大提高了现有液化空气储能系统的经济效益。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。
图中：1-空气过滤器，2-空压机，3-冷气机，4-分子筛吸附器，5-电加热器，6-增压机，7-膨胀增压机，8-主换热器，9-精馏塔，10-朱冷凝蒸发器，11-蓄冷器，12-液氮贮槽，13-液氮增压泵，14-汽化器，15-膨胀发电机，16-液氧贮槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本实用新型的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本实用新型的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本实用新型的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
如图1所示，一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，包括空气分离制氧装置和氮气膨胀发电装置；
空气分离制氧装置，包括空气过滤器1、空压机2、冷气机3、分子筛吸附器4、电加热器5、增压机6、膨胀增压机7、主换热器8、精馏塔9、主冷凝器10、液氮贮槽12及液氧贮槽16。原料空气经自洁式空气过滤器1除去灰尘及其它机械杂质，空气经过滤后在离心式空压机中2压缩。经冷气机3冷却后，进入切换使用的分子筛吸附器4，空气中的二氧化碳、碳氢化合物及残留的水蒸汽被吸附。经过冷却、净化的原料空气分成两股，一股进入主换热器8被冷却至液化温度附近后进入精馏塔9下塔，另一股经增压机6增压和膨胀增压机7等熵膨胀冷却降温后进入精馏塔9下塔。空气被初步分离成气氮和富氧液空，顶部气氮在主冷凝器10中液化输出到液氮贮槽12，同时上塔底部部分液氧被气化送到主换热器8，下塔底部的富氧液空抽出作为上塔回流液。精馏塔9上塔底部液氧送入到液氧贮槽16，精馏塔9上塔底部氮气在主换热器8复热后送出作为再生气实用，其中电加热器5设置在再生气输送管路上，作用是分子筛高温再生时加热再生气用（本装置中再生气为氮气）。
氮气膨胀发电装置，包括液氮加压泵13、汽化器14、蓄冷器11及膨胀发电机15。所述液氮贮槽12的出口连接液氮加压泵13的入口，所述液氮加压泵13的出口连接汽化器14的入口，汽化器14的出口与膨胀发电机15相连，高压氮气从汽化器14的出口进入膨胀发电机15发电；所述蓄冷器11与汽化器14相连，液氮气化冷量传递给蓄冷器11。
空压机2和增压机6通过变频或调节入口导叶技术实现变负荷，储能阶段高负荷运行，释能阶段低负荷运行。
空气分离制氧装置内所有设备均能运行在高负荷工况或低负荷工况。
分子筛吸附器4为两只切换使用，其中一只工作时，另一只再生。储能阶段再生气用气来自于精馏塔9上部的氮气，释能阶段的再生气用气来自精馏塔9上部的氮气和膨胀发电机15末级出口的氮气。
液氧贮槽16起到平衡氧气产品输出总量作用，蓄能阶段贮存液氧，释能阶段输出液氧，使汇总后输出的氧气产品总量始终维持稳定。
蓄冷器11在冷量过剩时储存冷量，冷量短缺时释放冷量，平衡装置在蓄能阶段或释能阶段不同的冷量需求。
膨胀发电机15在蓄能阶段不工作，在释能阶段发电，用以平抑电网波动。
如图1所示，本实用新型的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，包括空气分离制氧装置和氮气膨胀发电装置。
用电低谷时段，又称储能阶段，空气分离装置运行在高负荷工况，氮气膨胀发电装置不工作：过滤后的原料空气经过空压机增压，高温空气经冷气机和分子筛净化和冷却后，一股进主换热器换热降温，一股进膨胀机增压机膨胀液化，两股空气都进精馏塔蒸馏分离，同时，主换热通过蓄冷器获取冷量。液氮从主冷凝器进入液氮贮槽储存，液氧从精馏塔上塔底部进入液氮贮槽储存，产品氧气从精馏塔抽出进入主换热器复热后输出。
用电高峰时段，又称释能阶段，空气分离装置运行在低负荷工况，氮气膨胀发电装置工作：低温液氮经液氮增压泵加压，进入汽化器加热气化，高压氮气驱动膨胀发电机输出电能，膨胀发电机末级出口氮气补充分子筛再生气，同时，液空气化释放的冷量传递给蓄冷器。产品氧气除了来自精馏塔，液氧从液氧贮槽补充输出，使产品氧气供应量保持稳定。
实施例：
为方便理解本实用新型的功能，假设空气成分只含氧氮，含量分别为氧20%，氮80%，不考虑再生气的用量，假定高低负荷分别为100%和50%，发电用和产品用的氧气或氮气用量占全阶段空气用量比例如下表所示：
两工况下氧氮用量比较表
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
以上所述仅为本实用新型的实施例，并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围，凡是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，包括空气分离制氧装置和氮气膨胀发电装置；
所述空气分离制氧装置，包括空气过滤器（1）、空压机（2）、冷气机（3）、分子筛吸附器（4）、电加热器（5）、增压机（6）、膨胀增压机（7）、主换热器（8）、精馏塔（9）、主冷凝器（10）、液氮贮槽（12）及液氧贮槽（16）；空气过滤器（1）、空压机（2）、冷气机（3）、分子筛吸附器（4）依次相连，所述分子筛吸附器（4）设有两只，其中一只分子筛吸附器（4）与主换热器（8）相连，主换热器（8）与精馏塔（9）的下塔相连，另一只分子筛吸附器（4）与增压机（6）相连，增压机（6）与膨胀增压机（7）相连，膨胀增压机（7）与精馏塔（9）的下塔相连；所述精馏塔（9）的下塔顶部设有气氮输出管路，气氮在主冷凝器（10）中液化输出到液氮贮槽（12），精馏塔（9）的下塔底部设有富氧液空管路，富氧液空抽出作为上塔回流液；精馏塔（9）的上塔底部设有两个液氧输出管路，一部分液氧送入到液氧贮槽（16），另一部分液氧被气化送到主换热器（8），精馏塔（9）的上塔顶部设有氮气输出管路，氮气在主换热器（8）复热后送出作为再生气使用；
所述氮气膨胀发电装置，包括液氮加压泵（13）、汽化器（14）、蓄冷器（11）及膨胀发电机（15），所述液氮贮槽（12）的出口连接液氮加压泵（13）的入口，所述液氮加压泵（13）的出口连接汽化器（14）的入口，所述汽化器（14）的出口与膨胀发电机（15）相连，高压氮气从汽化器（14）的出口进入膨胀发电机（15）发电；所述蓄冷器（11）与汽化器（14）相连，液氮气化冷量传递给蓄冷器（11），所述蓄冷器（11）与主换热器（8）相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述空压机（2）和增压机（6）通过变频或调节入口导叶实现变负荷，在装置储能阶段高负荷运行，在装置释能阶段低负荷运行。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述空气分离制氧装置中的所有设备均能运行在高负荷工况或低负荷工况。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述两只分子筛吸附器（4）其中一只工作时，另一只再生，储能阶段再生气用气来自于精馏塔（9）上塔顶部的氮气，释能阶段的再生气用气来自精馏塔（9）上部顶部的氮气和膨胀发电机（15）末级出口的氮气。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述液氧贮槽（16）起到平衡氧气产品输出总量作用，在装置储能阶段贮存液氧，在装置释能阶段输出液氧，使汇总后输出的氧气产品总量始终维持稳定。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述蓄冷器（11）在冷量过剩时储存冷量，冷量短缺时释放冷量，平衡装置在储能阶段或释能阶段不同的冷量需求。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置，其特征在于，所述膨胀发电机（15）在装置储能阶段不工作，在装置释能阶段发电，用以平抑电网波动。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110319652A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-10-11 杭州杭氧化医工程有限公司 一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置
CN113686099A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-23 北京科技大学 一种基于内压缩空分储能装置的物质回收方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110319652A (zh) * 2019-06-25 2019-10-11 杭州杭氧化医工程有限公司 一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置
CN110319652B (zh) * 2019-06-25 2024-05-14 杭州杭氧化医工程有限公司 一种用于储释能的空气分离制氧装置
CN113686099A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-23 北京科技大学 一种基于内压缩空分储能装置的物质回收方法
CN113686099B (zh) * 2021-08-09 2022-08-09 北京科技大学 一种基于内压缩空分储能装置的物质回收方法

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