CN2092027U - Verticle wastes cremation furnace using coal as fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vertical waste cremation furnace using coal as fuel. The vertical waste cremation furnace mainly comprises a slag chamber, a coal burning grate and an inverse coal burning chamber. A waste pyrolysis process and a thermal reaction process proceed in a waste grate and an incineration chamber. The vertical waste cremation furnace is additionally provided with a device for forcing vortex to burn and jetting smoke gas, a multiple waste gas burner and a heat exchanger. Air can be preheated to 300DEG. C and combustion proceeds by making use of hot air. A dust removing system remove dust by making use of a reverse coal burning layer and the combustion of the vortex. Temperature in the incineration chamber can reach 1000DEG. C to 1200DEG. C. A multi-time combustion device is additionally provided. Therefore, waste can be safely combusted, the purposed of smoke abatement, deodorization and sterilization can be reached and the emission meets the requirement of environmental protection. The vertical waste cremation furnace has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high efficiency and energy saving.

Description

Verticle wastes cremation furnace using coal as fuel

The utility model belongs to the incinerator technical field.

At present, normal both at home and abroad incinerator, melt-combustion stove and three kinds of patterns of pyrolysis oven that adopt are handled various solid waste, wherein, be most widely used with incinerator, incinerator is divided into dead grate and drop grate again, and be interrupted and incinerate or continuous incinerator, and the siege combustion-type.The fuel used majority of this stove is oils or coal gas.The refuse of handling comprises waste paper, leather, rubber, plastics, house refuse, human body and animal limb, internal organs etc., after incineration process, dust content is low, the flue gas of nontoxic, no stink, existing incinerator mainly is the device structure complexity, can not application of solid fuels.

Shortcomings such as the purpose of this utility model is to overcome the incinerator complex structure, and the thermal efficiency is low, and discarded object completing combustion rate is low, the complete coal-fired vertical waste incineration plant of design is used to handle all kinds of solid refuses for this reason.

The utility model is a double-deck furnace hedge vertical structure, be the anti-coal combustion chamber of burning of naked light between the stove hedge of lower floor to upper strata, stove hedge space, upper strata comprises the Burning Room of thermal decomposition chamber and thermal reaction chamber, and combine in a Room, Burning Room inside is provided with twice whirlwind dust arrester of holding concurrently, injection exhaust device, the eddy flow wind apparatus is arranged three times at the chimney bottom, heat exchanger is inner with gusset, little garden steel loop, radiant panel device.And chimney, blower fan etc. are arranged.

The utility model is double-deck vertical structure, has good sealing property and heat-insulating property, and it is simple in structure, cheap, flexible operation, and efficiency of combustion height, heat loss are little, and smoke evacuation is smooth, nontoxic, the odorless of flue gas, the discharged flue gas compliance with environmental protection requirements.

Structure of the present utility model is seen accompanying drawing, comprises air blast 10, cinder pocket and air compartment 11, burn furnace shell 8, coal-fired fire grate 12, the anti-coal combustion chamber 13 of burning, burnt refuse fire grate 14,15, the cyclones 7 in incineration of waste chamber, secondary cyclone device 6, the injection apparatus 5 of injection waste gas is for guaranteeing three eddy flow wind apparatus 4 of discarded object completing combustion, heat exchanger 2, chimney 1, and set up cold wind house steward 16,3, direct current wind apparatus 9 of hot-blast main.

The utility model heat exchanger is set up muscle sheet 18, roundlet steel loop 17, and radiant panel 19, the heat exchanger chimney of holding concurrently, reclaim the waste heat of combustion gas, be used to give the combustion-supporting air of using of heat, hot air temperature can reach 300 ℃, but heat exchanger is set up the boundary-layer of part attenuate air side, reduce thermal resistance, increase the heat exchange area of air side, and strengthen the measure of the radiant heat transfer of chimney gas side, its complex heat transfer coefficient is improved greatly.

The utility model adopts double-deck fire grate vertical structure, lower floor's grate firing, and discarded object is placed on the upper strata, castoff burning is indoor, is provided with the refuse fire grate, once, the secondary cyclone device, in Burning Room, supply with twice eddy flow hot blast, injection flue gas sparger, and three eddy flow wind apparatus, can guarantee the pyrolysis of discarded object and the carrying out of thermal response, realize completing combustion, help the smoke elimination deodorizing of discarded object, sterilization, sterilization.Twice hot whirlwind provides hot blast, increases the contact area of hot blast and discarded object, promptly increases discarded object completing combustion degree, also helps the dedusting of fume thing, reduces dustiness in the flue gas of getting rid of greatly.This device collects pyrolysis of waste chamber, thermal reaction chamber, deduster in a Room, and it is simple in structure, heat utilization efficiency is high, discarded object completing combustion degree height, and dust contained flue gas is low.

The utility model adopts coal heating, uses the anti-coal method of burning backfire coal combustion chamber is set, and is characterized in flame on the coal seam, by heat conduction and radiation effects, underlying seam is heated.At this moment, imflammable gas is separated out through processes such as destructive distillation, oxidation, reduction in the coal seam, and burning improves coal seam temperature and fire box temperature rapidly while separating out, and the coal seam temperature rises to more than 450 ℃, and at this moment, the coal seam is in the stage of completing combustion.Simultaneously because in the combustion process, coal is static relatively, dust fly upward obvious minimizing, be exactly the flying dust that is blown afloat on a small quantity, during by oxide layer and reducing zone coal seam, be prevented from filtering, reduce the content of flue dust, reach the effect of eliminating dirt.Hot-air is by the discarded object fire grate, and discarded object is entered the Burning Room upper space by the discarded object imperfect combustion product of pyrolysis, generation, utilizes the eddy flow hot blast twice, forces cyclone firing.The instant heating stage of reaction reaches the completing combustion of discarded object.Flue gas enters chimney inlet (being heat exchanger entrance), supplies with three eddy flow hot blasts and fully burns and further deodorizing, and to guarantee to discharge the dustiness of flue gas, gas componant reaches requirement on environmental protection.

The utility model is step incinerator, coal is put into down grate-fired boiler and is combed, light top, coal seam, air blasts with air blast from deslagging chamber, after light in the coal seam, open castoff burning chamber, upper strata gallery ports, refuse is burnt in adding, at first, utilize coal-fired hot flue gas heating to make its pyrolysis produce the imperfect combustion product, enter the combustion process that the Burning Room upper space is forced thermal response, after burning for the third time again to the chimney inlet, give after hot device gives hot-air through heat exchange, enter atmosphere through chimney.

The utility model is fuel with the coal, adopts exposed fire backfire, finishes in thermal decomposition and the thermal process reactor in the castoff burning chamber, adopts and forces cyclone firing, to what the incinerated matter pyrolysis produced the flavor of smelling product is arranged, and guarantees discarded object completing combustion degree through repeated combustion.Reach the smoke elimination deodorizing by cyclone firing, and through three eddy flow hot blasts, with combustible component in the further combustion product gases, reach smelly the reaching towards rare that disappear, guarantee that discharging waste gas reaches environmental emission standard, dustiness is less than 200 milligrams/mark rice ³, contain SO in the flue gas ₂Less than 0.05 milligram/mark rice ³, NOx content is less than 7.5 milligrams/mark rice ³

The utility model handle the discarded object ability be the 50-100 kilogram/hour, discarded object is moisture when high, gets its lower limit, moisture its upper limit of getting when low.Fire box temperature is controlled, maximum temperature reaches 1000-1200 ℃, coal consumption 80-115 kilogram/hour, (calorific value of coal calculates with 21000 kJ (kilojoule)s/kilogram), heat exchanger up to 2 meters about, utilize flue gas to give the recuperation of heat heat, improve its heat transfer efficiency, therefore, this device is a kind of efficient energy-saving device, energy-conservation about 20-40%.

Claims (1)

1, complete coal-fired vertical efficient waste calcining facility, comprise the combustion chamber, burn the waste furnace hedge, refuse thermal decomposition chamber, thermal reaction chamber, cinder pocket, blower fan, heat exchanger, chimney, it is characterized in that the double-deck furnace hedge, burn the Burning Room that coal combustion chamber, stove hedge space, upper strata comprise thermal decomposition chamber and thermal reaction chamber for anti-between the stove hedge of lower floor to upper strata, twice whirlwind dust arrester of holding concurrently is set in it, the injection exhaust device, the eddy flow wind apparatus is arranged three times at the chimney bottom, heat exchanger is inner with gusset, little garden steel loop, the radiant panel device.