CN209151496U - A kind of vertical honeycomb coal shape tobacco rotary tillage ridge-forming fertilizer spreader - Google Patents
A kind of vertical honeycomb coal shape tobacco rotary tillage ridge-forming fertilizer spreader Download PDFInfo
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- CN209151496U CN209151496U CN201822002720.8U CN201822002720U CN209151496U CN 209151496 U CN209151496 U CN 209151496U CN 201822002720 U CN201822002720 U CN 201822002720U CN 209151496 U CN209151496 U CN 209151496U
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 280
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001002356 Valeriana edulis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机,包括旋耕机构、起垄机构和施肥机构,所述施肥机构安装在车架上,车架两侧均安装有箱体支架,箱体支架上支撑有横梁支臂,车架上设置有地轮,地轮通过传动系统与施肥机构连接,施肥机构包括肥箱,肥箱设置在横梁支臂上,肥箱底部设置有肥箱底板,肥箱底板上设置有落肥孔,肥箱底板下方设置有蜂窝煤形排肥盘,蜂窝煤形排肥盘上设置有排肥孔。本实用新型能够实现肥料的精准使用,避免肥料在使用时的漏施、断施或停施问题,并且能最大限度的增加肥料的利用率,缓解因肥料的过量使用而造成的土壤板结问题,进一步的能够减轻因漏施或停施而造成的后期追肥劳动量,为烟农降低成本。
A vertical honeycomb coal-shaped tobacco rotary tillage, ridge and fertiliser, comprising a rotary tillage mechanism, a ridge mechanism and a fertilization mechanism, the fertilization mechanism is mounted on a frame, and box supports are installed on both sides of the frame, and the box supports The upper support is provided with a beam support arm, the frame is provided with a ground wheel, and the ground wheel is connected with the fertilization mechanism through a transmission system. The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer box, and the fertilizer box is arranged on the beam support arm. Fertilizer dropping holes are arranged on the bottom plate of the box, a coal honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge tray is arranged under the bottom plate of the fertilizer box, and a fertilizer discharge hole is arranged on the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge plate. The utility model can realize the precise use of fertilizers, avoid the problems of missed application, interrupted application or stop application of fertilizers during use, and can maximize the utilization rate of fertilizers and alleviate the problem of soil compaction caused by excessive use of fertilizers. Further, it can reduce the labor amount of post-dressing fertilizer caused by missed application or stop application, and reduce the cost for tobacco farmers.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于农业机械领域,具体涉及一种立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机。The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a vertical type honeycomb coal-shaped tobacco rotary tiller, ridge and fertiliser.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会的发展,烟草行业已逐渐成为国家税收的主要组成部分。近些年来,烟草种植的范围也逐渐扩大到全国范围。但是,根据调查显示,我国适合耕作土壤的肥力较世界水平普遍偏低,种植出的烟叶品质不高,经济效益差。因此在烟草大田作业环节,烟农通过旋耕起垄环节施基肥来提高土壤的肥力。With the development of society, the tobacco industry has gradually become the main component of national taxation. In recent years, the scope of tobacco cultivation has gradually expanded to the whole country. However, according to the survey, the fertility of the soil suitable for cultivation in my country is generally lower than the world level, the quality of the tobacco leaves planted is not high, and the economic benefits are poor. Therefore, in the operation of tobacco fields, tobacco farmers apply basal fertilizers through rotary tillage and ridge formation to improve soil fertility.
目前的旋耕起垄施肥机械大都是专用机械,施肥机单一施肥,起垄机专门起垄,功能比较单一,且拖拉机对垄沟进行重复碾压,导致重复作业费工费时,造成垄沟被压实,不利于烟株根系的生长。尤其施肥结构大都采用结构简单、使用方便的外槽轮式机构。但外槽轮式施肥装置本身存在脉动现象,易造成肥料的漏施或断施,使肥料使用不均衡,无法实现种植的烟草与肥料精准结合,且需要后期再次追肥。这不但造成肥料的过度使用,而且易造成土壤板结,对烟草根部的生长造成很大影响。所以,为解决以上问题,一次作业能实现多功能且精准施肥已刻不容缓。At present, most of the rotary tillage, ridge and fertilization machines are special-purpose machines. The fertilizer applicator fertilizes only, and the ridge machine is specially used for ridge formation. The function is relatively simple, and the tractor repeatedly rolls the furrows, resulting in repeated operations, labor and time, resulting in compaction of the furrows. , is not conducive to the growth of tobacco roots. In particular, most of the fertilization structures adopt the external groove wheel type mechanism with simple structure and convenient use. However, the external groove wheel fertilization device itself has a pulsation phenomenon, which is easy to cause leakage or interruption of fertilizer application, which makes the fertilizer use unbalanced, and cannot achieve the precise combination of planted tobacco and fertilizer, and needs to be fertilized again later. This not only causes excessive use of fertilizers, but also easily causes soil compaction, which has a great impact on the growth of tobacco roots. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is imperative to achieve multi-function and precise fertilization in one operation.
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对上述现有技术中不能同时完成旋耕、施肥与起垄的技术问题,本实用新型的目的是提供一种立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机。Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problem that rotary tillage, fertilization and ridge can not be accomplished simultaneously in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a vertical honeycomb coal-shaped tobacco rotary tiller, ridge and fertiliser.
本实用新型的技术方案具体为:The technical scheme of the present utility model is specifically:
一种立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机,包括旋耕机构、起垄机构和施肥机构,所述施肥机构安装在车架上,车架两侧均安装有箱体支架,箱体支架上支撑有横梁支臂,车架上设置有地轮,地轮通过传动系统与施肥机构连接,施肥机构包括肥箱,肥箱设置在横梁支臂上,肥箱底部设置有肥箱底板,肥箱底板上设置有落肥孔,肥箱底板下方设置有蜂窝煤形排肥盘,蜂窝煤形排肥盘上设置有排肥孔。A vertical honeycomb coal-shaped tobacco rotary tillage, ridge and fertiliser, including a rotary tiller, a ridge and a fertiliser, the fertiliser is mounted on a frame, and both sides of the frame are provided with box supports, the box supports The upper support is provided with a beam support arm, the frame is provided with a ground wheel, and the ground wheel is connected with the fertilization mechanism through a transmission system. The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer box, and the fertilizer box is arranged on the beam support arm. The bottom plate of the box is provided with a fertilizer drop hole, a coal honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge tray is arranged under the bottom plate of the fertilizer box, and a fertilizer discharge hole is arranged on the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge plate.
所述肥箱的中间部位设置有搅拌装置,搅拌装置连接在两侧的箱体支架之间,搅拌装置的一端连接有变频电机,搅拌装置为带有弹性的钢丝,搅拌装置在肥箱中的部分为螺旋形,其余为直线形。The middle part of the fertilizer box is provided with a stirring device, the stirring device is connected between the box supports on both sides, and one end of the stirring device is connected with a frequency conversion motor, the stirring device is an elastic steel wire, and the stirring device is in the fertilizer box. Parts are spiral, the rest are straight.
所述横梁支臂上设置有1-4个肥箱,肥箱焊接在肥箱底板上,肥箱底板下表面嵌有肥量控制挡板,肥箱中间设置有隔板,隔板右侧的落肥孔为大孔,隔板左侧的落肥孔为小孔,肥量控制挡板设置有两块,肥量控制挡板上分布有与肥箱底板上的落肥孔相对应的通孔,且通孔直径比与之对应的落肥孔小2-3mm。The beam support arm is provided with 1-4 fertilizer boxes, and the fertilizer boxes are welded on the bottom plate of the fertilizer box. The fertilizer drop hole is a large hole, the fertilizer drop hole on the left side of the clapboard is a small hole, and the fertilizer quantity control baffle is provided with two pieces. hole, and the diameter of the through hole is 2-3mm smaller than the corresponding drop fat hole.
所述肥箱底板下方设置有肥箱下层底板,肥箱底板通过螺栓与肥箱下层底板、横梁支臂连接在一起,蜂窝煤形排肥盘位于肥箱底板与肥箱下层底板之间,蜂窝煤形排肥盘外罩有带毛刷支撑套筒,带毛刷支撑套筒固定在肥箱下层底板上。The bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with a lower floor of the fertilizer box, and the bottom plate of the fertilizer box is connected with the lower floor of the fertilizer box and the beam support arm through bolts. The outer cover of the fertilizer discharge pan is provided with a support sleeve with a brush, and the support sleeve with a brush is fixed on the bottom bottom plate of the fertilizer tank.
所述蜂窝煤形排肥盘中心轴处键连接有传动轴Ⅱ,传动轴Ⅱ上连接有直齿锥齿轮,肥箱的下部设置有传动轴Ⅰ,传动轴Ⅰ连接在箱体支架上,传动轴Ⅰ上设置有传动锥齿轮,直齿锥齿轮与传动锥齿轮啮合。The central axis of the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge pan is keyed with a transmission shaft II, the transmission shaft II is connected with a spur bevel gear, the lower part of the fertilizer box is provided with a transmission shaft I, the transmission shaft I is connected to the box body bracket, and the transmission shaft A transmission bevel gear is arranged on the Ⅰ, and the straight bevel gear meshes with the transmission bevel gear.
所述蜂窝煤形排肥盘上等角度排列有数量相等的大小排肥孔,且大小孔同轴心排列,其中大孔排列在外圈,小孔排列在内圈,肥箱下层底板上设置有大小不同的两个出肥口,大出肥口位于肥箱下层底板的左半侧,大出肥口距离蜂窝煤形排肥盘的中心轴线的垂直距离与大排肥孔所在圆圈的半径一致,大出肥口直径大于大排肥孔直径2-3mm,小出肥口位于肥箱下层底板的右半侧,小出肥口距离蜂窝煤形排肥盘的中心轴线的垂直距离与小排肥孔所在圆圈的半径一致,小出肥口的直径大于小排肥孔的直径2-3mm。The honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge pan is equiangularly arranged with equal number of large and small fertilizer holes, and the large and small holes are arranged concentrically, wherein the large holes are arranged in the outer ring, the small holes are arranged in the inner ring, and the lower bottom plate of the fertilizer box is provided with large and small holes. There are two different fertilizer outlets. The large fertilizer outlet is located on the left half of the bottom floor of the fertilizer box. The vertical distance between the large fertilizer outlet and the central axis of the honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge tray is the same as the radius of the circle where the large fertilizer discharge hole is located. The diameter of the fertilizer outlet is 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the large fertilizer discharge hole. The small fertilizer outlet is located on the right half of the bottom bottom plate of the fertilizer box. The vertical distance between the small fertilizer outlet and the central axis of the honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge tray is where the small fertilizer discharge hole is located. The radius of the circle is the same, and the diameter of the small fertilizer outlet is 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the small fertilizer discharge hole.
所述肥箱下层底板的出肥口与输肥管连接,施肥机构侧前方设置有开沟器,开沟器固定在车架上,开沟器上设置有排肥管,输肥管与排肥管连接。The fertilizer outlet of the bottom floor of the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipe, a trench opener is arranged in front of the side of the fertilizer application mechanism, the trench opener is fixed on the frame, and a fertilizer discharging pipe is arranged on the trench opener. Fat pipe connection.
所述传动系统包括主动链轮、从动链轮和链条,地轮通过带座轴承固定在地轮轴上,地轮轴通过螺栓连接在车架上,主动链轮过盈配合在地轮轴上,从动链轮设置在传动轴Ⅰ的端部,主动链轮与从动链轮通过链条连接。The transmission system includes a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, the ground wheel is fixed on the ground wheel shaft through a belt seat bearing, the ground wheel shaft is connected to the frame by bolts, and the driving sprocket is interference fit on the ground wheel shaft, from the ground wheel shaft. The driving sprocket is arranged at the end of the transmission shaft I, and the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a chain.
所述旋耕机构位于车架的下前方,旋耕机构包括旋耕刀轴,旋耕刀轴上连接有旋耕刀,旋耕刀轴的上方设置有顶盖,顶盖固定在车架上,顶盖上设置有减速箱,减速箱的两个输出轴均通过联轴器与旋耕刀轴的一端连接,旋耕刀轴的另一端连接在侧板上,侧板固定在车架上,两段旋耕刀轴的中间设置有犁尖,犁尖通过螺栓固定在联轴器处。The rotary tillage mechanism is located at the lower front of the frame, and the rotary tillage mechanism includes a rotary tiller shaft, the rotary tiller shaft is connected with a rotary tiller, a top cover is arranged above the rotary tiller shaft, and the top cover is fixed on the frame The top cover is provided with a reduction box, the two output shafts of the reduction box are connected to one end of the rotary tiller shaft through a coupling, the other end of the rotary tiller shaft is connected to the side plate, and the side plate is fixed on the frame , a plough tip is arranged in the middle of the two rotary cutter shafts, and the plough tip is fixed at the coupling through bolts.
所述起垄机构包括2-4组的起垄板,每组的起垄板均包括左侧起垄板和右侧起垄板,起垄板通过连杆连接在车架上,连杆与车架螺栓连接,左侧起垄板和右侧起垄板之间设置有垄体高度控制板,垄体高度控制板通过连杆连接在车架上,其中一组的右侧起垄板与其相邻组的左侧起垄板之间连接有垄距调节板,垄距调节板上设置有条形螺栓孔。The ridge mechanism includes 2-4 sets of ridge plates, each group of ridge plates includes a left ridge plate and a right ridge plate, and the ridge plates are connected to the frame through connecting rods, and the connecting rods are connected to the frame. The frame is connected with bolts, and a ridge body height control plate is arranged between the left ridge plate and the right ridge plate. A ridge distance adjustment plate is connected between the left ridge plates of the adjacent groups, and the ridge distance adjustment plate is provided with strip bolt holes.
相对于现有技术,本实用新型的技术效果为,能够实现肥料的精准使用,避免肥料在使用时的漏施、断施或停施问题,并且能最大限度的增加肥料的利用率,缓解因肥料的过量使用而造成的土壤板结问题,进一步的能够减轻因漏施或停施而造成的后期追肥劳动量,为烟农降低成本。并且本实用新型装置能够一次作业完成旋耕、施肥与起垄,完全满足烟草种植的农艺要求,大大缓解了人工成本高的问题。Compared with the prior art, the technical effect of the utility model is that it can realize the precise use of fertilizers, avoid the problems of missed application, interrupted application or stop application of fertilizers during use, and can maximize the utilization rate of fertilizers and alleviate the The problem of soil compaction caused by the excessive use of fertilizers can further reduce the amount of labor for post-dressing fertilizers caused by missed application or stop application, and reduce costs for tobacco farmers. In addition, the device of the utility model can complete rotary tillage, fertilization and ridge raising in one operation, fully meet the agronomic requirements of tobacco planting, and greatly alleviate the problem of high labor cost.
本实用新型对于现有各类施肥农作物具有普遍通用性,并不仅仅局限于本实用新型中主要提到的烟草施肥,解决了因外槽轮式施肥机存在的技术缺陷,导致肥料不合理使用而造成的土壤问题。The utility model has universal applicability to various existing fertilized crops, and is not limited to the tobacco fertilization mainly mentioned in the utility model, and solves the technical defects existing in the external groove wheel type fertilizing machine, resulting in the unreasonable use of fertilizers cause soil problems.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
图2为本实用新型施肥机构的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilization mechanism of the present invention.
图3为本实用新型搅拌装置的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring device of the present invention.
图4为本实用新型施肥机构的分解结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the fertilization mechanism of the present invention.
图5为本实用新型蜂窝煤形排肥装置内部结构示意图。5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge device of the present invention.
图6为本实用新型肥箱的结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer box of the present invention.
图7为本实用新型肥量控制挡板的结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer amount control baffle of the present invention.
图8为本实用新型蜂窝煤形排肥盘的结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge tray of the present invention.
图9为本实用新型带毛刷支撑套筒的结构示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a support sleeve with a brush according to the present invention.
图10为本实用新型旋耕机构的结构示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism of the present invention.
图11为本实用新型起垄机构的结构示意图。FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the ridge-raising mechanism of the present invention.
图12为本实用新型开沟器的结构示意图。FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the trench opener of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1中所示,一种立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机,包括与车架相连接的减速箱1、旋耕机构2、开沟器4、起垄机构5、地轮6、车架7、传动机构8和施肥机构9。旋耕机构2由拖拉机提供动力,用于对烟田土壤进行旋耕破碎,拖拉机行进时,带动地轮转动,通过传动机构8带动施肥机构9进行排肥,肥料由输肥管3连接入开沟器4上的排肥管,进而施入垄沟内,以此来实现烟草移栽前垄底基肥的精准施用,排肥后由起垄机构5进行起垄,一次完成烟草移栽前的旋耕、施肥和起垄作业。As shown in Fig. 1, a vertical type briquette briquette tobacco rotary tiller, ridge and fertiliser, comprises a reduction box 1, a rotary tiller mechanism 2, a ditch opener 4, a ridge mechanism 5, a ground wheel 6 connected with the frame , frame 7 , transmission mechanism 8 and fertilization mechanism 9 . The rotary tillage mechanism 2 is powered by the tractor and is used for rotary tillage and crushing of the tobacco field soil. When the tractor travels, the ground wheel is driven to rotate, and the fertilization mechanism 9 is driven by the transmission mechanism 8 to discharge fertilizer. The fertilizer discharge pipe on the furrower 4 is then applied into the ditch, so as to realize the precise application of the ridge base fertilizer before the tobacco transplanting. Ploughing, fertilizing and ridge work.
如图2、图4中所示,施肥机构9安装在车架7上,车架7上设置有地轮6,地轮6通过传动系统8与施肥机构9连接,施肥机构9包括肥箱90,肥箱90底部设置有肥箱底板900,肥箱底板900上设置有落肥孔901,肥箱90设置在横梁支臂93上,横梁支臂93由肥箱两侧的箱体支架94进行支撑,箱体支架94安装在车架7上,肥箱90的中间部位设置有搅拌装置92,搅拌装置92连接在两侧的箱体支架94之间,搅拌装置92的一端连接有变频电机91,变频电机91带动搅拌装置92搅动。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the fertilization mechanism 9 is installed on the frame 7, and the frame 7 is provided with a ground wheel 6. The ground wheel 6 is connected with the fertilization mechanism 9 through the transmission system 8, and the fertilization mechanism 9 includes a fertilizer box 90. , the bottom of the fertilizer box 90 is provided with a fertilizer box bottom plate 900, and the fertilizer box bottom plate 900 is provided with a fertilizer drop hole 901, and the fertilizer box 90 is arranged on the beam support arm 93, and the beam support arm 93 is carried out by the box body support 94 on both sides of the fertilizer box Support, the box body support 94 is installed on the vehicle frame 7, the middle part of the fertilizer tank 90 is provided with a stirring device 92, the stirring device 92 is connected between the box body supports 94 on both sides, and one end of the stirring device 92 is connected with a frequency conversion motor 91 , the frequency conversion motor 91 drives the stirring device 92 to stir.
如图3中所示,搅拌装置92为带有弹性的钢丝,搅拌装置92在肥箱90中的部分为螺旋形,其余为直线形,搅拌装置92可以在施肥过程中不断搅拌肥料,破碎因挤压造成的结块肥料,且能避免因颗粒肥料在排肥口处结拱造成的不排肥、漏施肥等问题。As shown in FIG. 3 , the stirring device 92 is a steel wire with elasticity, the part of the stirring device 92 in the fertilizer tank 90 is spiral, and the rest is linear. The stirring device 92 can continuously stir the fertilizer during the fertilization process, and the It can avoid the agglomerated fertilizer caused by extrusion, and can avoid the problems of non-fertilization and leakage of fertilizer caused by the arching of granular fertilizer at the fertilizer discharge port.
如图2、图4中所示,横梁支臂93上设置有1-4个肥箱90,肥箱90按照烟田垄体间距依次排列,肥箱90焊接在肥箱底板900上,肥箱底板900下表面嵌有肥量控制挡板902,肥箱底板900下表面开设有方槽,肥量控制挡板902嵌入方槽中,抽拉此挡板,用以控制肥量控制挡板902上的孔与落肥孔901的接触面积大小,以此达到控制排肥量的目的。As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4, 1-4 fertilizer boxes 90 are provided on the beam support arm 93, the fertilizer boxes 90 are arranged in sequence according to the distance between the ridges of the tobacco field, and the fertilizer boxes 90 are welded on the fertilizer box bottom plate 900, and the fertilizer box bottom plate The lower surface of 900 is embedded with a fertilizer quantity control baffle plate 902, the lower surface of the fertilizer box bottom plate 900 is provided with a square groove, and the fertilizer quantity control baffle plate 902 is embedded in the square groove, and this baffle plate is pulled to control the upper surface of the fertilizer quantity control baffle plate 902. The size of the contact area between the hole and the fertilizer drop hole 901, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the amount of fertilizer discharge.
如图6中所示,肥箱中间设置有隔板903,将肥箱隔为两部分,能够在肥箱中同时施加两种肥料,隔板903右侧的落肥孔901为大孔,隔板左侧的落肥孔901为小孔,肥量控制挡板902设置有两块,肥量控制挡板902上分布有与肥箱底板上的落肥孔901相对应的通孔,且通孔直径比与之对应的落肥孔901小2-3mm。As shown in Figure 6, the middle of the fertilizer box is provided with a partition 903, the fertilizer box is divided into two parts, two kinds of fertilizers can be applied in the fertilizer box at the same time, the fertilizer drop hole 901 on the right side of the partition plate 903 is a large hole, The fertilizer drop hole 901 on the left side of the plate is a small hole, the fertilizer amount control baffle plate 902 is provided with two pieces, and the fertilizer amount control baffle plate 902 is distributed with through holes corresponding to the fertilizer drop hole 901 on the bottom plate of the fertilizer box, and the The diameter of the hole is 2-3mm smaller than that of the corresponding fertilization hole 901 .
如图4中所示,肥箱底板900下方设置有肥箱下层底板904,肥箱底板900通过螺栓与肥箱下层底板904、横梁支臂93连接在一起,肥箱底板900与肥箱下层底板904之间设置有蜂窝煤形排肥盘905, 蜂窝煤形排肥盘905中心轴处键连接有传动轴Ⅱ906,传动轴Ⅱ906上连接有直齿锥齿轮907,肥箱90的下部设置有传动轴Ⅰ95,传动轴Ⅰ95连接在箱体支架94上,传动轴Ⅰ95上设置有传动锥齿轮951,直齿锥齿轮907与传动锥齿轮啮合,蜂窝煤形排肥盘905外罩有带毛刷支撑套筒908,带毛刷支撑套筒908与蜂窝煤形排肥盘905同心,支撑肥箱并使得肥料不会从缝隙中漏出,使得肥料全部落入蜂窝煤形排肥盘中,带毛刷支撑套筒908固定在肥箱下层底板904上。As shown in Figure 4, below the fertilizer box bottom plate 900 is provided with the fertilizer box lower floor plate 904, the fertilizer box bottom plate 900 is connected with the fertilizer box lower layer bottom plate 904, the beam support arm 93 by bolts, and the fertilizer box bottom plate 900 is connected with the fertilizer box lower layer bottom plate 904. A honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge plate 905 is arranged between 904. The central axis of the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge plate 905 is keyed with a transmission shaft II 906. The transmission shaft II 906 is connected with a spur bevel gear 907. The lower part of the fertilizer box 90 is provided with a transmission shaft I95. , the drive shaft I95 is connected to the box bracket 94, the drive shaft I95 is provided with a drive bevel gear 951, the spur bevel gear 907 meshes with the drive bevel gear, the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer plate 905 is covered with a brush support sleeve 908, The support sleeve 908 with a brush is concentric with the coal honeycomb-shaped fertilization tray 905 to support the fertilizer box and prevent the fertilizer from leaking out of the gap, so that all the fertilizer falls into the briquettes-shaped fertilization tray, and the support sleeve 908 with a brush is fixed on the on the bottom floor 904 of the fertilizer tank.
如图8中所示,蜂窝煤形排肥盘905上设置有排肥孔909,排肥孔909包括一圈小排肥孔和一圈大排肥孔,蜂窝煤形排肥盘905仿照蜂窝煤结构,等角度排列数量相等的大小排肥孔909,且大小孔同轴心排列,其中大孔排列在外圈,小孔排列在内圈,肥箱下层底板904上设置有一大一小的两个出肥口910,大出肥口位于传动轴Ⅱ906的左侧,大出肥口距离蜂窝煤形排肥盘905的中心轴线的垂直距离与大排肥孔所在圆圈的半径一致,大出肥口直径大于大排肥孔直径2-3mm,小出肥口位于传动轴Ⅱ906的右侧,小出肥口距离蜂窝煤形排肥盘905的中心轴线的垂直距离与小排肥孔所在圆圈的半径一致,小出肥口的直径大于小排肥孔的直径2-3mm。As shown in FIG. 8 , the fertiliser discharge pan 905 is provided with a fertiliser discharge hole 909. The fertiliser discharge hole 909 includes a circle of small fertiliser holes and a circle of large fertiliser holes. The fertilization holes 909 of equal size are arranged at equal angles, and the large and small holes are arranged concentrically, wherein the large holes are arranged on the outer ring, the small holes are arranged on the inner ring, and the lower bottom plate 904 of the fertilizer box is provided with two fertilizers, one large and one small. Port 910, the large fertilizer outlet is located on the left side of the transmission shaft II 906, the vertical distance between the large fertilizer outlet and the central axis of the honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge tray 905 is consistent with the radius of the circle where the large fertilizer discharge hole is located, and the diameter of the large fertilizer outlet is larger than that of the large fertilizer outlet. The diameter of the fertilizer discharge hole is 2-3mm. The small fertilizer outlet is located on the right side of the transmission shaft II 906. The vertical distance between the small fertilizer outlet and the central axis of the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge plate 905 is consistent with the radius of the circle where the small fertilizer discharge hole is located. The diameter of the fertilizer mouth is 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the small fertilizer hole.
本实用新型中,肥箱底板900上的落肥孔901为大孔在右侧,小孔在左侧,而肥箱下层底板904上的大出肥口位于左侧,小出肥口在右侧,与肥箱底板上的大小孔设置方位相反,将肥箱底板和肥箱下层底板上的大小孔错开,能够使排肥更加稳定和均匀,避免少施、多施、漏施或停施等问题。出肥口910的孔径尺寸大于肥箱底板上对应的大小孔尺寸2-3mm,易于蜂窝煤形排肥盘中储存的肥料顺利落入输肥管中。In the utility model, the fertilizer drop hole 901 on the bottom plate 900 of the fertilizer box is that the large hole is on the right side and the small hole is on the left side, while the large fertilizer outlet on the bottom plate 904 of the fertilizer box is on the left side, and the small fertilizer outlet is on the right On the side of the fertilizer box, it is opposite to the orientation of the large and small holes on the bottom of the fertilizer box. Staggering the large and small holes on the bottom of the fertilizer box and the bottom bottom of the fertilizer box can make the fertilizer discharge more stable and uniform, and avoid less application, more application, missed application or stop application. And other issues. The aperture size of the fertilizer outlet 910 is 2-3mm larger than the corresponding size hole size on the bottom plate of the fertilizer box, so that the fertilizer stored in the honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge tray can easily fall into the fertilizer conveying pipe.
如图12中所示,肥箱下层底板904的出肥口910与输肥管3连接,输肥管与开沟器4连接,开沟器上设置有排肥管41,输肥管3与排肥管41连接,经施肥机构9排出的肥料由输肥管3连接入开沟器4上的排肥管中,开沟器4开沟将肥料施入垄体中。As shown in Figure 12, the fertilizer outlet 910 of the bottom floor 904 of the fertilizer tank is connected with the fertilizer pipe 3, and the fertilizer pipe is connected with the opener 4, and the opener is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe 41, and the fertilizer pipe 3 is connected to the opener 4. The fertilizer discharge pipe 41 is connected, and the fertilizer discharged through the fertilization mechanism 9 is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe on the opener 4 through the fertilizer transmission pipe 3, and the opener 4 opens a trench to apply the fertilizer into the ridge body.
如图10中所示,传动系统8包括主动链轮81、从动链轮82和链条83,地轮6通过带座轴承固定在地轮轴上,地轮轴通过螺栓连接在车架7上,主动链轮81过盈配合在地轮轴上,从动链轮82设置在传动轴Ⅰ95的端部,主动链轮81与从动链轮82通过链条83连接。地轮转动后,通过地轮轴带动主动链轮81转动,链条传动,带动从动链轮转动,传动轴Ⅰ95随着从动链轮82一起转动,传动轴Ⅰ95上的传动锥齿轮951与直齿锥齿轮907啮合,因此,传动轴Ⅰ95的转动会带动直齿锥齿轮907与传动轴Ⅱ906一起转动,从而使得蜂窝煤形排肥盘905发生转动。As shown in FIG. 10 , the transmission system 8 includes a driving sprocket 81 , a driven sprocket 82 and a chain 83 . The ground wheel 6 is fixed on the ground wheel shaft through a belt seat bearing, and the ground wheel shaft is connected to the frame 7 by bolts. The sprocket 81 is interference fit on the ground wheel shaft, the driven sprocket 82 is arranged at the end of the transmission shaft I95, and the driving sprocket 81 and the driven sprocket 82 are connected by a chain 83. After the ground wheel rotates, the driving sprocket 81 is driven to rotate by the ground wheel shaft, and the chain drive drives the driven sprocket to rotate. The bevel gear 907 meshes, therefore, the rotation of the transmission shaft I95 will drive the spur bevel gear 907 to rotate together with the transmission shaft II906, so that the honeycomb coal-shaped fertilizer discharge tray 905 rotates.
肥箱中施加肥料后,肥料通过落肥孔901及肥量控制挡板902上的孔落入排肥孔909中,随着蜂窝煤形排肥盘905的转动,肥料从出肥口910中排出进入到施肥管中,如图5中所示,外圈的大排肥孔中的肥料只能从左侧的大出肥口中排出,内圈的小排肥孔中的肥料只能从右侧的小出肥口中排出,从而能够更好的控制施肥量。如果将大小两个出肥口位置互换,当落肥孔901、排肥孔909及出肥口910三者在一条线上时,会使得肥箱中的肥料掉落较多,不易于施肥量的控制。After the fertilizer is applied in the fertilizer box, the fertilizer falls into the fertilizer discharge hole 909 through the fertilizer drop hole 901 and the hole on the fertilizer amount control baffle 902. With the rotation of the honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge plate 905, the fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer outlet 910. Enter into the fertilization pipe, as shown in Figure 5, the fertilizer in the large fertilizer discharge hole in the outer ring can only be discharged from the large fertilizer outlet on the left side, and the fertilizer in the small fertilizer discharge hole in the inner ring can only be discharged from the right side It is discharged from the small fertilizer outlet, so as to better control the amount of fertilizer. If the positions of the large and small fertilizer outlets are exchanged, when the fertilizer drop hole 901, the fertilizer discharge hole 909 and the fertilizer outlet 910 are in a line, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box will drop a lot, and it is not easy to apply the amount of fertilizer. control.
如图10中所示,车架7的下前方设置有旋耕机构2,旋耕机构2包括旋耕刀轴21,旋耕刀轴21上通过螺栓连接有旋耕刀22,旋耕刀轴21的上方设置有顶盖23,顶盖23固定在车架7上,用于为旋耕刀上方提供保护,顶盖23上设置有减速箱1,减速箱1的两个输出轴均通过联轴器与旋耕刀轴21的一端连接,旋耕刀轴21的另一端通过螺栓与侧板24上的连接法兰连接,侧板24固定在车架7上,两段旋耕刀轴21的中间设置有犁尖25,犁尖25通过螺栓固定在联轴器处。由于两段旋耕刀轴中间的联轴器处没有连接旋耕刀,设置犁尖25后能避免在旋耕的时候遗漏。As shown in FIG. 10 , a rotary tiller mechanism 2 is provided on the lower front of the frame 7 , and the rotary tiller mechanism 2 includes a rotary tiller shaft 21 . The rotary tiller shaft 21 is connected with a rotary tiller 22 by bolts. A top cover 23 is arranged above the 21. The top cover 23 is fixed on the frame 7 to provide protection for the top of the rotary tiller. The top cover 23 is provided with a reduction box 1. The shaft is connected with one end of the rotary tiller shaft 21, and the other end of the rotary tiller shaft 21 is connected with the connecting flange on the side plate 24 through bolts. The side plate 24 is fixed on the frame 7, and the two sections of the rotary tiller shaft 21 A plough tip 25 is arranged in the middle of the plough tip 25, and the plough tip 25 is fixed at the coupling by bolts. Since there is no rotary blade connected to the coupling between the two-section rotary blade shafts, setting the plough tip 25 can avoid omission during rotary tillage.
如图11中所示,起垄机构5包括2-4组的起垄板,每组的起垄板均包括左侧起垄板51和右侧起垄板52,起垄板通过连杆53连接在车架7上,起垄板焊接在连杆53上,连杆53与车架7螺栓连接,需要调节起垄板的上下高度及左右位置时,通过松动螺栓进行调节,左侧起垄板51和右侧起垄板52之间设置有垄体高度控制板54,垄体高度控制板54通过连杆53连接在车架7上,通过调节连接连杆53与车架7的螺栓能够改变垄体高度控制板54的高度,从而控制垄高,通过调节左右两侧起垄板的距离调节垄体宽度,其中一组的右侧起垄板52与其相邻组的左侧起垄板51之间连接有垄距调节板55,垄距调节板55上设置有条形螺栓孔56,通过螺栓在条形螺栓孔56的左右滑动可调节垄距,起垄板设置有两组时,能够实现一次起双垄。垄距调节板55能够保证起垄完成后垄沟内没有积土。As shown in FIG. 11 , the ridge mechanism 5 includes 2-4 sets of ridge plates, each group of ridge plates includes a left ridge plate 51 and a right ridge plate 52 , and the ridge plates pass through the connecting rod 53 Connected to the frame 7, the ridge plate is welded on the connecting rod 53, and the connecting rod 53 is bolted to the frame 7. When it is necessary to adjust the up and down height and the left and right positions of the ridge plate, adjust by loosening the bolts, and the left ridge is adjusted. A ridge body height control plate 54 is arranged between the plate 51 and the right ridge plate 52. The ridge body height control plate 54 is connected to the frame 7 through the connecting rod 53, and can be adjusted by adjusting the bolts connecting the connecting rod 53 and the frame 7. The height of the ridge body height control plate 54 is changed to control the ridge height, and the width of the ridge body is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the ridge plates on the left and right sides, wherein the right ridge plate 52 of one group and the left ridge plate of the adjacent group are The ridge distance adjustment plate 55 is connected between the 51, and the ridge distance adjustment plate 55 is provided with a bar-shaped bolt hole 56, and the ridge distance can be adjusted by the left and right sliding of the bolt in the bar-shaped bolt hole 56. When the ridge distance adjustment plate is provided with two groups, It can realize double ridges at one time. The ridge distance adjusting plate 55 can ensure that there is no soil accumulation in the ridge and furrow after the ridge raising is completed.
本实用新型的工作过程是:The working process of the present utility model is:
整机由拖拉机通过三点悬挂带动,拖拉机万向传动装置传动至减速箱1的输入轴,减速箱的输出轴传动至旋耕刀轴,带动旋耕刀轴旋转,旋耕刀轴上的旋耕刀对烟田进行旋耕,同时整机向前运动,带动地轮6转动,使动力由地轮轴上的主动链轮81通过链条83传动至从动链轮82,从动链轮82带动传动轴Ⅰ95转动,传动轴Ⅰ95上的传动锥齿轮951通过啮合使传动轴Ⅱ906转动,使得蜂窝煤形排肥盘905发生转动,肥料经蜂窝煤形排肥盘905排出,经过输肥管3落入开沟器4上的排肥管41内,开沟器4开沟将肥料施入土壤;然后经起垄机构5对已施肥过得区域进行起垄,将肥料固定在垄体内,完成旋耕、施肥与起垄作业,等待后期烟草的移栽。The whole machine is driven by the tractor through the three-point suspension, the universal transmission device of the tractor is driven to the input shaft of the reduction box 1, and the output shaft of the reduction box is driven to the rotary tiller shaft, which drives the rotary tiller shaft to rotate, and the rotary tiller on the rotary tiller shaft rotates. The tiller ploughs the tobacco field, and at the same time, the whole machine moves forward, driving the ground wheel 6 to rotate, so that the power is transmitted from the driving sprocket 81 on the ground wheel shaft to the driven sprocket 82 through the chain 83, and the driven sprocket 82 drives the The transmission shaft I95 rotates, and the transmission bevel gear 951 on the transmission shaft I95 rotates the transmission shaft II906 through meshing, so that the honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge plate 905 rotates, and the fertilizer is discharged through the honeycomb-shaped fertilizer discharge plate 905, and falls into the opening through the fertilizer conveying pipe 3. In the fertilizer discharge pipe 41 on the furrower 4, the furrower 4 opens trenches to apply fertilizer into the soil; then the fertilized area is ridged through the ridge-raising mechanism 5, and the fertilizer is fixed in the ridge body to complete rotary tillage, Fertilize and ridge work, waiting for later transplanting of tobacco.
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型整体构思前提下,还可以作出若干改变和改进,这些也应该视为本实用新型的保护范围。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some changes and improvements can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present utility model. These should also be regarded as The scope of protection of the utility model.
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CN110506479A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-11-29 | 福建农林大学 | Tobacco planting ditch fertilizer machine |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109328505A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 河南农业大学 | A vertical honeycomb coal-shaped tobacco rotary tillage, ridge and fertilizer applicator |
CN109328505B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2024-08-20 | 河南农业大学 | Vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer applicator |
CN110506479A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-11-29 | 福建农林大学 | Tobacco planting ditch fertilizer machine |
CN110506479B (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2023-05-16 | 福建农林大学 | Tobacco planting strip ditch fertilizer machine |
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