CN208110076U - Full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator belongs to meteorological automatic detection system field, which is successively made of pedestal, weighing layer, observation cylinder and four part of solar energy electroplax from top to bottom；Battery is disposed in the pedestal, installation includes the weighing layer of stepper motor, auxiliary thermal I, temperature sensor II, weighing device and power switch on pedestal；Installation includes shell II, insulating layer II, lifting disk, guide rail, guide wheel, screw rod and the observation cylinder for keeping the temperature curtain on weighing layer；The guide wheel for being embedded in guide rail is installed outside the lifting disk, auxiliary thermal II, temperature sensor I, circuit assembly, infrared temperature sensor, infrared ray range sensor are installed in lifting disk；The circuit assembly is made of single-chip microcontroller, impulse generator, wireless transport module, A/D conversion and reservoir.It gathers multi -function in integral whole, structure is simple, realizes automatic detection demand, solves the problems, such as prior art higher cost, can not measure in multi-site region simultaneously.

Description

Full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator

Technical field

The utility model belongs to meteorological automatic detection system field, a kind of full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator.

Background technique

In meteorological observation field, the measurement of accumulated snow characterisitic parameter is the technical foundation work that must be completed, parameter one As include snow depth, snow temperature, snow density and water equivalent of snow.It is ground in the research of cold area's water and soil, snow melt erosion and Climate and Environment Variation etc. During studying carefully, accumulated snow characterisitic parameter is by the parameter important as one；In addition, in the implementation process of Practical Project and agricultural working In, accumulated snow characterisitic parameter equally plays important role, such as the loading that building is generated by accumulated snow, studies accumulated snow to spring moisture in the soil Influence, study influence etc. of the accumulated snow to crops and the ecosystem.

Common snow depth measurement method includes manual measurement and two kinds of automatic measurement.Wherein, manual measurement is to pass through Snow stake is repeatedly inserted perpendicularly into snow and averages by Observation personnel.And automatic measurement include optical scanning method, double rod method, single pole method, Infrared distance measuring method, ultrasonic distance measurement method and laser ranging method.The poor in timeliness of manual measurement is difficult long-time continuous observation, more Using automatic measurement.

Common snow temperature measurement generally cooperates collector to complete data by being placed on the temperature sensor of different snow deposits Acquisition.As snowfall is accumulative, the temp probe among snow deposit needs to take out is inserted into the different snow deposits of different depth measurement again Temperature, this method workload is very big, be unfavorable for for a long time persistently detected in low temperature environment.

It is crossed and accumulated snow time, snow depth and burden pressure about the measurement multi-pass of a wide range of density of snow both at home and abroad at present Related snow density function, which calculates, to be obtained.Actual measurement snow density is generally comprised using volume snow gauge and two kinds of field sampling weight method Mode.Wherein, manually snow gauge to be inserted perpendicularly into snow when being measured using volume snow gauge, takes out snow after being sealed with scuppit Measuring cup is poured into, measures its capacity after avenging and melting.This method density accuracy is high, but complex steps, when snow depth is more than snow gauge Highly, then it needs to sample repeatedly, heavy workload.Another density of snow method for measuring is field sampling weight method, this method Elongated sampler barrel with fixed volume is inserted perpendicularly into snow, quality is obtained by the scales such as spring scale snow device and calculates density, This method improves the efficiency of field work, but elongated stack shell design leads to the reduction of its snow density measurement accuracy, in addition, layering is close Degree is difficult to obtain.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide one kind to emit and receive infrared signal by infrared ray range sensor Judge snow depth, drives infrared temperature sensor transmitting and receiving infrared-ray signal to measure different depth by liftable disk Snow temperature, the measurement to snow density is completed by the quality that weighing device measures, by wireless transport module by metrical information It is sent to terminal computer, realize automatic detection demand and integrates multi-functional measuring instrument, measuring instrument cost It is lower, convenient for more instrument combinations using solves the problems, such as it is of the existing technology can not multi-site region measurement simultaneously.

To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows：

A kind of full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator integrating the mild snow density measurement of snow depth, snow, it is characterised in that：? Battery 17 is installed in pedestal 16, weighing layer 25 is installed, the weighing layer 25 is from inside to outside respectively by keeping the temperature on pedestal 16 Layer I 29 and shell I 30 wrap up, and stepper motor 14 is mounted in layer 25 of weighing, auxiliary thermal I 15, temperature sensor II 32, is claimed 13 and power switch 20 are set in refitting, wherein weighing device 13 and 20 part of the surface of power switch are exposed to outside shell I 30；Institute It states and is fixedly mounted with observation cylinder 26 on weighing layer 25, observe cylinder 26 by shell II 1, insulating layer II 2, lifting disk 11, guide rail 3, guide wheel 4, silk Bar 5 and heat preservation curtain 18 are constituted, and the screw rod 5 is fixedly mounted with 14 shaft of stepper motor, with the externally threaded rotatably rotation of screw rod 5 With being mounted in 11 internal thread hole of lifting disk, rotatable guide wheel 4 is installed outside the lifting disk 11, guide wheel 4, which is mounted on, to be fixedly mounted with In the guide rail 3 on shell II 1, lifting disk 11 is successively wrapped up by insulating layer III 27 and shell III 28 from inside to outside, lifting disk Auxiliary thermal II 12, temperature sensor I 31, circuit assembly 6, infrared temperature sensor 7, infrared ray distance are installed to pass in 11 Sensor 10 is set with heat insulating block 9 in the probe side of the infrared temperature sensor 7 and infrared ray range sensor 10, from Index glass skull 8 and heat insulating block 9 are fixedly mounted with and are covered on that probe is outer, the upper and lower ends of upper and lower two parts heat preservation curtain 18 respectively with shell II 1 and heat insulating block 9, heat insulating block 9 and shell II 1 be fixedly mounted with, the circuit assembly 6 is by single-chip microcontroller 21, impulse generator 33, wireless Transmission module 23, A/D conversion 22 and reservoir 24 form, the single-chip microcontroller 21 respectively with power switch 20, auxiliary thermal I 15, auxiliary thermal II 12, automatic lens cover 8, wireless transport module 23, reservoir 24 are connected to, and single-chip microcontroller 21 passes through pulse generation Device 33 is connected to stepper motor 14, single-chip microcontroller 21 by A/D conversion 22 respectively with infrared temperature sensor 7, infrared ray distance Sensor 10, temperature sensor I 31, temperature sensor II 32 are connected to weighing device 13, and battery 17 is by being mounted on observation Solar energy electroplax 19 on cylinder 26 charges, and is powered by power switch 20 to above-mentioned electrical appliance.

The utility model creates structure novel, reasonable, simplicity, can measure snow depth, certain depth of set time point simultaneously Or certain mild depth or average snow density are averagely avenged, it can also measure using the time as the snow depth of dimension, the variation of snow temperature, snow density Curve.The apparatus function is satisfied with scientific research and engineering is actually required, realizes automated job, operates simple and convenient, saves behaviour Make personnel, cost is relatively low, can be used for the face domain measurement that multi-site covering carries out large scale.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator vertical section structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 is lifting disk horizontal profile structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 3 is weighing layer horizontal profile structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 4 is control circuit assembly structural schematic diagram；

Piece number explanation in figure：

1, shell II, 2, insulating layer II, 3, guide rail, 4, guide wheel, 5, screw rod, 6, circuit assembly, 7, infrared temperature sensing Device, 8, automatic lens cover, 9, heat insulating block, 10, infrared ray range sensor, 11, lifting disk, 12, auxiliary thermal II, 13, weighing Device, 14, stepper motor, 15, auxiliary thermal I, 16, pedestal, 17, battery, 18, heat preservation curtain, 19, solar energy electroplax, 20, power switch, 21, single-chip microcontroller, 22, A/D conversion, 23, wireless transport module, 24, reservoir, 25, weighing layer, 26, observation Cylinder, 27, insulating layer III, 28, shell III, 29, insulating layer I, 30, shell I, 31, temperature sensor I, 32, temperature sensor II, 33, impulse generator.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment is created to the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawing to be described in detail.Example is served only for explaining this Utility model is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the application's Feature in embodiment and embodiment can be combined with each other.It is a kind of to integrate the full-automatic of the mild snow density measurement of snow depth, snow Accumulated snow parameter determinator, it is characterised in that：Battery 17 is installed in pedestal 16, weighing layer 25, institute are installed on pedestal 16 It states weighing layer 25 to be wrapped up by insulating layer I 29 and shell I 30 respectively from inside to outside, stepper motor 14, auxiliary is mounted in layer 25 of weighing Thermal I 15, temperature sensor II 32, weighing device 13 and power switch 20, wherein weighing device 13 and power switch 20 Part of the surface is exposed to outside shell I 30；Observation cylinder 26 is fixedly mounted on the weighing layer 25, observation cylinder 26 is by shell II 1, heat preservation Layer II 2, lifting disk 11, guide rail 3, guide wheel 4, screw rod 5 and heat preservation curtain 18 are constituted, and the screw rod 5 and 14 shaft of stepper motor are solid Dress is rotatably screwed with externally threaded screw rod 5 and is mounted in 11 internal thread hole of lifting disk, installs outside the lifting disk 11 There is rotatable guide wheel 4, guide wheel 4 is mounted in the guide rail 3 being installed on shell II 1, and lifting disk 11 is from inside to outside successively by protecting Warm layer III 27 and shell III 28 wrap up, be equipped in lifting disk 11 auxiliary thermal II 12, temperature sensor I 31, circuit assembly 6, Infrared temperature sensor 7, infrared ray range sensor 10, in the infrared temperature sensor 7 and infrared ray Distance-sensing The probe side of device 10 is set with heat insulating block 9, and automatic lens cover 8 and heat insulating block 9 are fixedly mounted with and are covered on outside probe, upper and lower two parts The upper and lower ends of heat preservation curtain 18 are fixedly mounted with shell II 1 and heat insulating block 9, heat insulating block 9 and shell II 1 respectively, the circuit assembly 6 It is made of single-chip microcontroller 21, impulse generator 33, wireless transport module 23, A/D conversion 22 and reservoir 24, the single-chip microcontroller 21 Respectively with power switch 20, auxiliary thermal I 15, auxiliary thermal II 12, automatic lens cover 8, wireless transport module 23, reservoir 24 connections, single-chip microcontroller 21 are connected to by impulse generator 33 with stepper motor 14, single-chip microcontroller 21 by A/D convert 22 respectively with Infrared temperature sensor 7, infrared ray range sensor 10, temperature sensor I 31, temperature sensor II 32 and weighing device 13 connections, battery 17 pass through the solar energy electroplax 19 being mounted on observation cylinder 26 and charge, and by power switch 20 to above-mentioned Electrical appliance power supply.

It needs pedestal 16 being embedded to underground before monitoring use, so that weighing 25 upper surface of layer is substantially flush with ground, the sun Energy battery plate 19 fills energy to battery 17, turns on the power switch 20.In monitoring, instruction is sent by host computer and passes through wireless transmission mould Block 23 receive and pass to single-chip microcontroller 21 execute or host computer by wired connection send instructions to single-chip microcontroller 21 execution, or by Pre-set programs timing executes instruction in single-chip microcontroller 21.Single-chip microcontroller 21 passes through A/D conversion and control temperature sensor I 31, temperature sensing Device II 32 works, and the temperature data of measurement returns to single-chip microcontroller 21, if temperature data is lower than preset threshold, is sent out by single-chip microcontroller 21 Instruction is sent to control auxiliary thermal I 15, the start-up operation of auxiliary thermal II 12, when temperature sensor I 31, temperature sensor II 32 measure Temperature data reach desired value after, then by single-chip microcontroller 21 send instruction make auxiliary thermal I 15, auxiliary thermal II 12 stop work Make.Single-chip microcontroller 21 controls impulse generator 33 and stepper motor 14 is driven to work, and constant speed rotates screw rod 5 clockwise or counterclockwise, Under the cooperation of 5 external screw thread of screw rod and 11 internal screw thread of lifting disk, lifting disk 11 in the movement of guide rail 3 realizes lifting with guide wheel 4 Function, for lifting disk 11 in uphill process, single-chip microcontroller 21 passes through 22 control infrared temperature sensor 7 of A/D conversion and infrared ray Range sensor 10 works, and the temperature data at different height position is returned to single-chip microcontroller 21 simultaneously by infrared temperature sensor 7 It is stored in reservoir 24, snow can not be received at the top of the arrival snow deposit of infrared ray range sensor 10 and reflect light, or connect The time interval for receiving reflection light is more than preset threshold, or the time interval and lifting disk 11 that receive reflection light are at the same time The section obtained time interval of lower height has notable difference, then returns the previous data of the height as the snow depth of measurement Single-chip microcontroller 21 is stored in reservoir 24, at this point, single-chip microcontroller 21 converts starting weighing device 13 by A/D, by the data of measurement It returns to single-chip microcontroller 21 to be stored in reservoir 24,13 surface area data of weighing device is original given data, is measuring snow depth number According to and corresponding qualitative data after, corresponding snow density data can be calculated by pre-booking process, be stored in reservoir 24.It surveys The data obtained are transmitted to host computer by wireless transport module 23 or wired connection by single-chip microcontroller 21.Full-automatic accumulated snow parametric measurement Instrument can also be automatically controlled through above step or repetition above step by manual control or system and realize real-time monitoring, be formed dynamic State data.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator, it is characterised in that：Battery (17), pedestal are installed in pedestal (16) (16) weighing layer (25) is installed, the weighing layer (25) is wrapped by insulating layer I (29) and shell I (30) respectively from inside to outside on It wraps up in, is mounted with stepper motor (14), auxiliary thermal I (15), temperature sensor II (32), weighing device (13) in weighing layer (25) With power switch (20), wherein weighing device (13) and power switch (20) part of the surface are exposed to shell I (30) outside；Institute State weighing layer (25) on be fixedly mounted with observation cylinder (26), observe cylinder (26) by shell II (1), insulating layer II (2), lifting disk (11), lead Rail (3), guide wheel (4), screw rod (5) and heat preservation curtain (18) are constituted, and the screw rod (5) is fixedly mounted with stepper motor (14) shaft, band There is externally threaded screw rod (5) rotatably to screw to be mounted in lifting disk (11) internal thread hole, the lifting disk (11) is installed outside Have rotatable guide wheel (4), guide wheel (4) is mounted in the guide rail (3) being installed on shell II (1), lifting disk (11) from interior and It is successively wrapped up outside by insulating layer III (27) and shell III (28), auxiliary thermal II (12) is installed, temperature passes in lifting disk (11) Sensor I (31), circuit assembly (6), infrared temperature sensor (7), infrared ray range sensor (10), in the infrared ray temperature The probe side of degree sensor (7) and infrared ray range sensor (10) is set with heat insulating block (9), automatic lens cover (8) and guarantor Warm block (9) is fixedly mounted with and is covered on that probe is outer, the upper and lower ends of upper and lower two parts heat preservation curtain (18) respectively with shell II (1) and protect Warm block (9), heat insulating block (9) and shell II (1) are fixedly mounted with.

2. a kind of full-automatic accumulated snow parameter determinator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The circuit assembly (6) It is made of single-chip microcontroller (21), impulse generator (33), wireless transport module (23), A/D conversion (22) and reservoir (24), it is described Single-chip microcontroller (21) respectively with power switch (20), auxiliary thermal I (15), auxiliary thermal II (12), automatic lens cover (8), wireless Transmission module (23), reservoir (24) connection, single-chip microcontroller (21) is connected to by impulse generator (33) with stepper motor (14), single Piece machine (21) is passed with infrared temperature sensor (7), infrared ray range sensor (10), temperature respectively by A/D conversion (22) Sensor I (31), temperature sensor II (32) are connected to weighing device (13), and battery (17) is by being mounted on observation cylinder (26) On solar energy electroplax (19) charging, and by power switch (20) to above-mentioned electrical appliance power.