CN207766966U - A kind of neat cut type fruit tree pruning machine of full line - Google Patents
A kind of neat cut type fruit tree pruning machine of full line Download PDFInfo
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- CN207766966U CN207766966U CN201820107416.7U CN201820107416U CN207766966U CN 207766966 U CN207766966 U CN 207766966U CN 201820107416 U CN201820107416 U CN 201820107416U CN 207766966 U CN207766966 U CN 207766966U
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于农林机械技术领域,特别涉及一种整行齐切式果树修剪机。The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural and forestry machinery, in particular to a line-cut fruit tree pruning machine.
背景技术Background technique
我国是世界上第一大水果和消费大国,人民日常生活中对水果的需求量越来越大,水果品质要求越来越高,水果行业拥有着巨大的经济价值,这也带动了水果生产相关机械也随之迅速发展。果树修剪是水果生产流程中不可或缺并且也是十分重要的环节。果枝的合理修剪是提高果树产量、树种活性和促使提前结果的重要措施之一。果树修剪直接影响树木的生长、成材、结实率和产量,也能够最大限度延长果树结果年限,而且还可以减小大小年问题,提高果园整体生产力。传统手工修剪以及背负式修剪机修剪工作效率低,而且工作量大,费时费力。现阶段我国进城务工人员不断增多,农村留守人员及老人和妇女居多,劳动力愈发缺乏。果树的修剪机械化是一个亟待解决的问题,为了弥补现有修剪机械的不足,此整行齐切式修剪机的研究对果树修剪机械化及提高水果生产机械化有着重要意义。my country is the world's largest fruit and consumption country. The people's demand for fruit in daily life is increasing, and the quality of fruit is getting higher and higher. The fruit industry has huge economic value, which also drives fruit production. Machinery also developed rapidly. Fruit tree pruning is an indispensable and very important part of the fruit production process. Reasonable pruning of fruit branches is one of the important measures to improve fruit tree yield, tree species activity and promote early fruiting. Fruit tree pruning directly affects the growth, yield, seed setting rate and yield of trees, and can also maximize the fruit tree fruiting years, and can also reduce the size of the year, and improve the overall productivity of the orchard. Traditional manual pruning and back pruning machine pruning work is inefficient, and the workload is large, time-consuming and labor-intensive. At this stage, the number of migrant workers in my country is increasing, and the left-behind people in rural areas, the elderly and women are mostly, and the labor force is increasingly scarce. The mechanization of fruit tree pruning is an urgent problem to be solved. In order to make up for the shortage of existing pruning machines, the research on this whole row pruning machine is of great significance to the mechanization of fruit tree pruning and the improvement of mechanization of fruit production.
本实用新型是依据果园果树的空间布局的地貌特点,根据农户需求设计一种修剪不同树形的空间可调的整行齐切式果树修剪机。从而降低果农的修剪成本,解放生产力,极大地提高了果园机械化修剪水平。The utility model is based on the landform characteristics of the spatial layout of fruit trees in an orchard, and according to the needs of farmers, a row-wise trimming fruit tree pruning machine with adjustable space for pruning different tree shapes is designed. Thereby reducing the pruning cost of fruit growers, liberating productivity, and greatly improving the mechanized pruning level of orchards.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的所要解决的技术问题是提供一种可满足不同果树的修剪高度、宽度、修剪树形和修剪整齐度要求的整行齐切式果树修剪机。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a line-cut fruit tree pruning machine that can meet the pruning height, width, pruning tree shape and pruning uniformity requirements of different fruit trees.
本实用新型解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:The technical scheme that the utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
包括机架和修剪单元,所述修剪单元设置在机架上,所述修剪单元包括传动装置、位置调节装置和修剪臂执行装置,所述修剪臂执行装置中设置有多个修剪装置且修剪装置之间的相对位置可调节,修剪装置中设置有刀盘,外接驱动装置通过驱动传动装置带动刀盘转动,对树枝进行修剪,所述修剪臂执行装置设置在位置调节装置上,所述位置调节装置用于调节修剪臂执行装置的位置,调节修剪臂执行装置的位置。It includes a frame and a trimming unit, the trimming unit is arranged on the frame, the trimming unit includes a transmission device, a position adjustment device and a trimming arm execution device, and a plurality of trimming devices are arranged in the trimming arm execution device and the trimming device The relative position between them can be adjusted, and the trimming device is provided with a cutterhead, and the external driving device drives the cutterhead to rotate through the drive transmission device, and trims the branches. The trimming arm actuator is arranged on the position adjustment device, and the position adjustment The device is used to adjust the position of the trimming arm actuator, adjust the position of the trimming arm actuator.
进一步的,所述机架上设置有两套修剪单元,两套修剪单元对称设置在机架两侧。Further, two sets of trimming units are arranged on the frame, and the two sets of trimming units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame.
进一步的,所述传动装置包括T字型增速换向器、皮带传动装置、多轴器和软轴,外接驱动装置的输出轴连接T字型增速换向器的输入端,所述T字型增速换向器的输出端连接大皮带轮,大皮带轮通过皮带连接小皮带轮,小皮带轮与多轴器的输入轴相连,多轴器的多个输出轴分别通过软轴与修剪臂执行装置上的多个刀盘相连。Further, the transmission device includes a T-shaped speed-up commutator, a belt transmission device, a multi-axis device and a flexible shaft, the output shaft of the external drive device is connected to the input end of the T-shaped speed-up commutator, and the T The output end of the font speed increasing commutator is connected to the large pulley, the large pulley is connected to the small pulley through the belt, the small pulley is connected to the input shaft of the multi-axis device, and the multiple output shafts of the multi-axis device are respectively connected to the trimming arm actuator through the flexible shaft Multiple cutterheads on the board are connected.
进一步的,所述位置调节装置包括第一L形工作台、第二L形工作台、竖直位置调节装置和水平位置调节装置,所述第一L形工作台的水平边通过水平位置调节装置设置在机架上,所述水平位置调节装置用于带动第一L形工作台在左右方向上移动,所述第二L形工作台设置在第一L形工作台上,所述第一L形工作台的竖直边上设置有竖直位置调节装置,所述竖直位置调节装置用于带动第二L形工作台在竖直方向上移动。Further, the position adjustment device includes a first L-shaped worktable, a second L-shaped workbench, a vertical position adjustment device and a horizontal position adjustment device, and the horizontal edge of the first L-shaped workbench passes through the horizontal position adjustment device Set on the frame, the horizontal position adjustment device is used to drive the first L-shaped workbench to move in the left and right directions, the second L-shaped workbench is arranged on the first L-shaped workbench, and the first L-shaped worktable A vertical position adjustment device is arranged on the vertical side of the L-shaped workbench, and the vertical position adjustment device is used to drive the second L-shaped workbench to move in the vertical direction.
进一步的,所述竖直位置调节装置包括竖直液压缸和竖直移动导轨,第二L形工作台的竖直边与竖直移动导轨的导轨滑块固定,竖直液压缸安装在第一L形工作台上,竖直液压缸用于带动第二L形工作台沿竖直移动导轨滑动,所述水平位置调节装置包括水平液压缸和水平移动导轨,第一L形工作台的水平边与水平移动导轨的导轨滑块固定,水平液压缸用于带动第一L形工作台沿水平移动导轨滑动。Further, the vertical position adjusting device includes a vertical hydraulic cylinder and a vertical moving guide rail, the vertical side of the second L-shaped workbench is fixed to the guide rail slider of the vertical moving guide rail, and the vertical hydraulic cylinder is installed on the first On the L-shaped workbench, the vertical hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the second L-shaped workbench to slide along the vertical moving guide rail. The horizontal position adjustment device includes a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a horizontally moving guide rail. It is fixed with the guide rail slider of the horizontally moving guide rail, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the first L-shaped workbench to slide along the horizontally moving guide rail.
进一步的,所述修剪臂执行装置设置在第二L形工作台上。Further, the trimming arm implementing device is arranged on the second L-shaped workbench.
进一步的,所述修剪臂执行装置包括下部修剪装置、中部修剪装置、上部修剪装置和修剪臂形态调节装置,所述下部修剪装置固定在位置调节装置上,所述下部修剪装置、中部修剪装置和上部修剪装置均包括修剪架和刀盘,所述刀盘通过刀盘旋转轴安装在修剪架上,所述中部修剪装置与下部修剪装置铰接,上部修剪装置与中部修剪装置铰接,修剪臂形态调节装置用于调节中部修剪装置与下部修剪装置之间的相对角度和位置和上部修剪装置与中部修剪装置之间的相对角度和位置。Further, the trimming arm implementing device includes a lower trimming device, a middle trimming device, an upper trimming device and a trimming arm shape adjustment device, the lower trimming device is fixed on the position adjustment device, the lower trimming device, the middle trimming device and The upper trimming device includes a trimming frame and a cutterhead, and the cutterhead is installed on the trimming frame through the cutterhead rotating shaft, the middle trimming device is hinged with the lower trimming device, the upper trimming device is hinged with the middle trimming device, and the trimming arm shape adjustment device For adjusting the relative angle and position between the middle trimming device and the lower trimming device and the relative angle and position between the upper trimming device and the middle trimming device.
进一步的,所述下部修剪装置包括两个大刀盘,两个大刀盘并排放置,且所述中部修剪装置和上部修剪装置均包括一个大刀盘和一个防漏割小刀盘,且大刀盘和防漏割小刀盘部分重叠放置,所述下部修剪装置、中部修剪装置和上部修剪装置中的刀盘外侧均设置有刀盘罩壳,所述刀盘罩壳设置在两个刀盘远离外接驱动装置的一侧外部,所述中部修剪装置的修剪架与下部修剪装置的修剪架为轴销连接,所述上部修剪装置的修剪架与中部修剪装置的修剪架为轴销连接,且所述轴销均水平设置,所述中部修剪装置和上部修剪装置的修剪架上还设置有限位杆,所述限位杆用于限制中部修剪装置和上部修剪装置的转动角度。Further, the lower trimming device includes two large cutter heads, and the two large cutter heads are placed side by side, and the middle trimming device and the upper trimming device both include a large cutter head and a leak-proof small cutter head, and the large cutter head and the leak-proof The small cutting discs are partially overlapped, and the outer sides of the cutter discs in the lower trimming device, the middle trimming device and the upper trimming device are all provided with cutter disc casings, and the cutter disc casings are arranged at the position where the two cutter discs are far away from the external driving device. Outside one side, the trimming frame of the middle trimming device is pivotally connected with the trimming frame of the lower trimming device, and the trimming frame of the upper trimming device is pivotally connected with the trimming frame of the middle trimming device, and the pivot pins are all Horizontally arranged, the trimming frame of the middle trimming device and the upper trimming device is also provided with a limit bar, and the limiting bar is used to limit the rotation angle of the middle trimming device and the upper trimming device.
进一步的,所述修剪臂形态调节装置包括安装架、第一液压缸和第二液压缸,所述安装架固定在位置调节装置上,第一液压缸一端与安装架铰接,另一端与上部修剪装置铰接,第一液压缸用于调节上部修剪装置与中部修剪装置之间的相对角度和位置,第二液压缸一端与安装架铰接,另一端与中部修剪装置铰接,第二液压缸用于调节中部修剪装置与下部修剪装置之间的相对角度和位置。Further, the trimming arm shape adjustment device includes a mounting frame, a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder, the mounting frame is fixed on the position adjusting device, one end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the mounting frame, and the other end is connected to the upper trimming frame. The device is hinged, the first hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the relative angle and position between the upper trimming device and the middle trimming device, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the mounting frame, and the other end is hinged to the middle trimming device, and the second hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust The relative angle and position between the middle trimmer and the lower trimmer.
进一步的,所述机架下方还设置有行走轮,机架靠近外接驱动装置的一侧设置有三点悬挂架。Further, traveling wheels are arranged under the frame, and a three-point suspension frame is arranged on the side of the frame close to the external driving device.
本实用新型的有益效果为:1、本实用新型的整行齐切式果树修剪机可满足不同果树的修剪高度、宽度、修剪树形和修剪整齐度要求,并且两侧的防漏割小刀盘可以安全有效的防止树枝漏割。2、通过调节修剪臂的形状和修剪臂的空间位置可以根据农户要求对整行果树进行齐切。解决果园果树修剪效率低,劳动强度高的问题。增加果园修剪机械化程度,同时此修剪机可以匹配不同马力的外接驱动装置(拖拉机),使修剪机实用性更高。3、可以根据果园地形情况选择修剪机进行行走修剪或者是悬挂修剪,修剪适应性更强。The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: 1. The full-line cutting fruit tree pruning machine of the utility model can meet the pruning height, width, pruning tree shape and pruning uniformity requirements of different fruit trees, and the leak-proof cutting small cutter heads on both sides It can safely and effectively prevent missed cutting of branches. 2. By adjusting the shape of the pruning arm and the spatial position of the pruning arm, the whole row of fruit trees can be trimmed according to the requirements of farmers. Solve the problems of low pruning efficiency and high labor intensity in orchard fruit trees. Increase the degree of mechanization of orchard pruning, and at the same time, this pruning machine can be matched with external drive devices (tractors) with different horsepower, making the pruning machine more practical. 3. You can choose the pruning machine for walking pruning or hanging pruning according to the topography of the orchard, and the pruning is more adaptable.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的整体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the utility model;
图2为传动装置的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the structural representation of transmission device;
图3为位置调节装置的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a position adjustment device;
图4为修剪臂执行装置的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the trimming arm actuator.
附图中,各标号所代表的部件列表如下:In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:
1、机架;2、传动装置;3、位置调节装置;4、修剪臂执行装置;5、修剪臂形态调节装置;21、T字型增速换向器;22、大皮带轮;23、小皮带轮;24、多轴器;25、软轴;31、第一L形工作台;32、第二L形工作台;33、竖直液压缸;34、竖直移动导轨;35、水平液压缸;36、水平移动导轨;41、下部修剪装置;42、中部修剪装置;43、上部修剪装置;44、修剪架;45、大刀盘;46、刀盘罩壳;47、防漏割小刀盘;48、限位杆;51、安装架;52、第一液压缸;53、第二液压缸;6、行走轮;7、三点悬挂架1. Frame; 2. Transmission device; 3. Position adjustment device; 4. Trimming arm actuator; 5. Trimming arm shape adjustment device; 21. T-shaped speed-up commutator; Pulley; 24, multi-axis device; 25, flexible shaft; 31, the first L-shaped workbench; 32, the second L-shaped workbench; 33, vertical hydraulic cylinder; 34, vertical moving guide rail; 35, horizontal hydraulic cylinder ; 36. Horizontal moving guide rail; 41. Lower trimming device; 42. Middle trimming device; 43. Upper trimming device; 44. Trimming frame; 48. Limit rod; 51. Mounting frame; 52. The first hydraulic cylinder; 53. The second hydraulic cylinder; 6. Traveling wheels; 7. Three-point suspension frame
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本实用新型的原理和特征进行描述,所举实例只用于解释本实用新型,并非用于限定本实用新型的范围。The principles and features of the present utility model are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.
如图1-图4所示,包括机架1和修剪单元,所述修剪单元设置在机架1上,所述修剪单元包括传动装置2、位置调节装置3和修剪臂执行装置4,所述修剪臂执行装置4中设置有多个修剪装置且修剪装置之间的相对位置可调节,修剪装置中设置有刀盘,外接驱动装置通过驱动传动装置2带动刀盘转动,对树枝进行修剪,所述修剪臂执行装置4设置在位置调节装置3上,所述位置调节装置3用于调节修剪臂执行装置4的位置,调节修剪臂执行装置4的位置。本实施例中,外接驱动装置为拖拉机。As shown in Figures 1-4, it includes a frame 1 and a trimming unit, the trimming unit is arranged on the frame 1, the trimming unit includes a transmission device 2, a position adjustment device 3 and a trimming arm actuator 4, the The trimming arm actuator 4 is provided with a plurality of trimming devices and the relative positions between the trimming devices can be adjusted. The trimming device is provided with a cutterhead, and the external driving device drives the cutterhead to rotate through the driving transmission device 2 to trim the branches. The trimming arm implementing device 4 is arranged on the position adjusting device 3, and the position adjusting device 3 is used to adjust the position of the trimming arm implementing device 4, and adjust the position of the trimming arm implementing device 4. In this embodiment, the external driving device is a tractor.
所述机架1上设置有两套修剪单元,两套修剪单元对称设置在机架1两侧。The frame 1 is provided with two sets of trimming units, and the two sets of trimming units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame 1 .
如图2所示,所述传动装置2包括T字型增速换向器21、皮带传动装置、多轴器24和软轴25,外接驱动装置的输出轴连接T字型增速换向器21的输入端,所述T字型增速换向器21的输出端连接大皮带轮22,大皮带轮22通过皮带连接小皮带轮23,小皮带轮23与多轴器24的输入轴相连,多轴器24的多个输出轴分别通过软轴25与修剪臂执行装置4上的多个刀盘相连。本实施例中修剪臂执行装置中设置有六个刀盘,多轴器为六轴头多轴器,六轴头多轴器的6个输出轴与修剪臂上的六个刀盘旋转轴通过软轴相连,从而将旋转动力传送到刀盘上,驱动刀盘高速旋转。软轴传递扭矩过程中可以满足旋转刀盘进行一定的空间移动。轴测图中只表示了左右四根软轴的连接方式,其余刀盘动力也是通过软轴传递,图中未做表示。As shown in Figure 2, the transmission device 2 includes a T-shaped speed-up commutator 21, a belt drive, a multi-axis device 24 and a flexible shaft 25, and the output shaft of the external drive device is connected to the T-shaped speed-up commutator 21, the output end of the T-shaped speed-increasing commutator 21 is connected to the large pulley 22, the large pulley 22 is connected to the small pulley 23 through a belt, and the small pulley 23 is connected to the input shaft of the multi-axis device 24, and the multi-axis device A plurality of output shafts of 24 are respectively connected with a plurality of cutterheads on the trimming arm actuator 4 through flexible shafts 25 . In this embodiment, the trimming arm actuator is provided with six cutter heads, the multi-axis device is a six-axis head multi-axis device, and the six output shafts of the six-axis head multi-axis device and the six cutter head rotation axes on the trimming arm pass through a soft The shaft is connected to transmit the rotational power to the cutter head, which drives the cutter head to rotate at a high speed. During the torque transmission process of the flexible shaft, the rotary cutter head can be moved in a certain space. The axonometric diagram only shows the connection mode of the left and right four flexible shafts, and the rest of the power of the cutter head is also transmitted through the flexible shaft, which is not shown in the figure.
如图3所示,所述位置调节装置3包括第一L形工作台31、第二L形工作台32、竖直位置调节装置和水平位置调节装置,所述第一L形工作台31的水平边通过水平位置调节装置设置在机架1上,所述水平位置调节装置用于带动第一L形工作台31在左右方向上移动,所述第二L形工作台32设置在第一L形工作台31上,所述第一L形工作台31的竖直边上设置有竖直位置调节装置,所述竖直位置调节装置用于带动第二L形工作台32在竖直方向上移动。As shown in Figure 3, described position regulating device 3 comprises first L-shaped workbench 31, the second L-shaped workbench 32, vertical position regulating device and horizontal position regulating device, described first L-shaped workbench 31 The horizontal side is arranged on the frame 1 through a horizontal position adjustment device, and the horizontal position adjustment device is used to drive the first L-shaped workbench 31 to move in the left-right direction, and the second L-shaped workbench 32 is arranged on the first L-shaped workbench 31. On the workbench 31, a vertical position adjustment device is provided on the vertical side of the first L-shaped workbench 31, and the vertical position adjustment device is used to drive the second L-shaped workbench 32 in the vertical direction move.
所述竖直位置调节装置包括竖直液压缸33和竖直移动导轨34,第二L形工作台32的竖直边与竖直移动导轨34的导轨滑块固定,竖直液压缸33安装在第一L形工作台31上,竖直液压缸33用于带动第二L形工作台32沿竖直移动导轨34滑动,所述水平位置调节装置包括水平液压缸35和水平移动导轨36,第一L形工作台31的水平边与水平移动导轨36的导轨滑块固定,水平液压缸35用于带动第一L形工作台31沿水平移动导轨36滑动。Described vertical position adjusting device comprises vertical hydraulic cylinder 33 and vertical mobile guide rail 34, and the vertical limit of second L-shaped workbench 32 is fixed with the guide rail slide block of vertical mobile guide rail 34, and vertical hydraulic cylinder 33 is installed on On the first L-shaped workbench 31, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 33 is used to drive the second L-shaped workbench 32 to slide along the vertically moving guide rail 34, and the horizontal position adjustment device includes a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 35 and a horizontally movable guide rail 36. The horizontal edge of an L-shaped workbench 31 is fixed to the guide rail slide block of the horizontally movable guide rail 36, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 35 is used to drive the first L-shaped workbench 31 to slide along the horizontally movable guide rail 36.
所述修剪臂执行装置4设置在第二L形工作台32上。整个修剪臂执行装置固定在第二L形工作台上,所以可以实现修剪臂执行装置的左右和上下移动。The trimming arm implementing device 4 is arranged on the second L-shaped workbench 32 . The whole trimming arm actuator is fixed on the second L-shaped workbench, so the left and right and up and down movement of the trimmer arm actuator can be realized.
如图4所示,所述修剪臂执行装置4包括下部修剪装置41、中部修剪装置42、上部修剪装置43和修剪臂形态调节装置5,所述下部修剪装置41固定在位置调节装置3上,所述下部修剪装置41、中部修剪装置42和上部修剪装置43均包括修剪架44和刀盘,所述刀盘通过刀盘旋转轴安装在修剪架44上,所述中部修剪装置42与下部修剪装置41铰接,上部修剪装置43与中部修剪装置42铰接,修剪臂形态调节装置5用于调节中部修剪装置42与下部修剪装置41之间的相对角度和位置和上部修剪装置43与中部修剪装置42之间的相对角度和位置。As shown in Figure 4, the trimming arm implementing device 4 includes a lower trimming device 41, a middle trimming device 42, an upper trimming device 43 and a trimming arm shape adjusting device 5, and the lower trimming device 41 is fixed on the position adjusting device 3, Described lower pruning device 41, middle part pruning device 42 and upper pruning device 43 all comprise pruning frame 44 and cutter head, and described cutter head is installed on the pruning frame 44 by cutter head rotating shaft, and described middle part pruning device 42 and lower pruning device 41 is hinged, the upper trimming device 43 is hinged with the middle trimming device 42, and the trimming arm shape adjustment device 5 is used to adjust the relative angle and position between the middle trimming device 42 and the lower trimming device 41 and between the upper trimming device 43 and the middle trimming device 42. relative angles and positions.
所述下部修剪装置41包括两个大刀盘45,两个大刀盘45并排放置,且所述中部修剪装置42和上部修剪装置43均包括一个大刀盘45和一个防漏割小刀盘47,且大刀盘45和防漏割小刀盘47部分重叠放置,所述下部修剪装置41、中部修剪装置42和上部修剪装置43中的刀盘外侧均设置有刀盘罩壳46,所述刀盘罩壳46设置在两个刀盘远离外接驱动装置的一侧外部,所述中部修剪装置42的修剪架与下部修剪装置41的修剪架为轴销连接,所述上部修剪装置43的修剪架与中部修剪装置42的修剪架为轴销连接,且所述轴销均水平设置,所述中部修剪装置42和上部修剪装置43的修剪架上还设置有限位杆48,所述限位杆48用于限制中部修剪装置42和上部修剪装置43的转动角度。当中部修剪架和上部修剪架在进行形状变化过程中到了极限位置后,限位杆会与修剪架进行刚性接触,从而对旋转刀盘的位置进行限位,防止各个刀盘之间发生空间干涉,发生危险。Described bottom pruning device 41 comprises two large cutterheads 45, and two large cutterheads 45 are placed side by side, and described middle part pruning device 42 and upper pruning device 43 all comprise a large cutterhead 45 and a small cutterhead 47 of a leak-proof cutting, and big cutter The disc 45 and the small cutting disc 47 are partially overlapped, and the outer sides of the cutter discs in the lower trimming device 41, the middle trimming device 42 and the upper trimming device 43 are all provided with a cutter disc casing 46, and the cutter disc casing 46 The trimming frame of the middle trimming device 42 is pivotally connected with the trimming frame of the lower trimming device 41, and the trimming frame of the upper trimming device 43 is connected with the trimming frame of the middle trimming device. The trimming frame of 42 is pivot pin connection, and described pivot pin is all horizontally arranged, and limit bar 48 is also arranged on the trimming frame of described middle part trimming device 42 and upper part trimming device 43, and described limit bar 48 is used for limiting middle part. The angle of rotation of the trimming device 42 and the upper trimming device 43. When the middle trimming frame and the upper trimming frame reach the limit position during the shape change process, the limit rod will make rigid contact with the trimming frame, so as to limit the position of the rotary cutter head and prevent space interference between each cutter head , danger occurs.
所述修剪臂形态调节装置5包括安装架51、第一液压缸52和第二液压缸53,所述安装架51固定在位置调节装置3上,第一液压缸52一端与安装架51铰接,另一端与上部修剪装置43铰接,第一液压缸52用于调节上部修剪装置43与中部修剪装置42之间的相对角度和位置,第二液压缸53一端与安装架51铰接,另一端与中部修剪装置42铰接,第二液压缸53用于调节中部修剪装置42与下部修剪装置41之间的相对角度和位置。Described pruning arm shape adjusting device 5 comprises mounting frame 51, first hydraulic cylinder 52 and second hydraulic cylinder 53, and described mounting frame 51 is fixed on the position adjusting device 3, and one end of first hydraulic cylinder 52 is hinged with mounting frame 51, The other end is hinged with the upper trimming device 43, and the first hydraulic cylinder 52 is used to adjust the relative angle and position between the upper trimming device 43 and the middle trimming device 42. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder 53 is hinged with the mounting frame 51, and the other end is connected with the middle part The trimming device 42 is hinged, and the second hydraulic cylinder 53 is used to adjust the relative angle and position between the middle trimming device 42 and the lower trimming device 41 .
通过第一液压缸和第二液压缸的伸缩可控制上部修剪装置和中部修剪装置的修剪形状,当调整好修剪形状以后通过液压装置的液压锁将液压缸锁住,从而进行修剪作业。通过计算整个修剪臂的自由度为2,而此时两个液压缸作为原动件的数量也为2,此时修剪臂具有确定的运动,可以根据树形要求随时调节修剪臂的形状。The trimming shape of the upper trimming device and the middle trimming device can be controlled by the expansion and contraction of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder. After the trimming shape is adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder is locked by the hydraulic lock of the hydraulic device to perform trimming operations. By calculating the degree of freedom of the entire trimming arm is 2, and the number of the two hydraulic cylinders as the original moving parts is also 2 at this time, the trimming arm has a definite movement at this time, and the shape of the trimming arm can be adjusted at any time according to the tree shape requirements.
所述机架1下方还设置有行走轮6,机架1靠近外接驱动装置的一侧设置有三点悬挂架7。行走轮可以使修剪机在拖拉机的牵引下进行着地行走作业,增加修剪机的作业稳定性,减少修剪过程中的振动。三点悬挂架可以与拖拉机的拖拉机三点提升装置配合安装,在沟壑和恶劣地形可通过拖拉机三点提升装置提升修剪机进行越障和拖拉机悬挂作业。Road wheels 6 are also arranged below the frame 1, and a three-point suspension frame 7 is arranged on the side of the frame 1 close to the external driving device. The walking wheels can make the trimmer walk on the ground under the traction of the tractor, increase the operation stability of the trimmer, and reduce the vibration in the trimming process. The three-point suspension frame can be installed in cooperation with the tractor's three-point lifting device, and the trimmer can be lifted by the tractor's three-point lifting device to perform obstacle-crossing and tractor suspension operations in ravines and harsh terrains.
使用时,将本实用新型的整行齐切式果树修剪机的T字型增速换向器的输入端与拖拉机后方的机械动力输出端通过联轴器相连,再通过油管将拖拉机的液压系统与本实用新型的水平液压缸、竖直液压缸、第一液压缸和第二液压缸相连,通过驾驶拖拉机即可带动本实用新型的整行齐切式果树修剪机向前移动进行果树修剪,通过第一液压缸和第二液压缸的伸缩可控制上部修剪装置与中部修剪装置之间的相对角度和位置和中部修剪装置与下部修剪装置之间的相对角度和位置,进而调整修剪臂执行装置的形态,调整好修剪臂执行装置的形态后通过液压装置的液压锁将液压缸锁住,保持修剪形状,通过移动左右平移第一L形工作台和上下平移第二L形工作台可以调节修剪臂执行装置的位置,调整完毕之后,启动拖拉机,带动本实用新型的本实用新型的整行齐切式果树修剪机沿着果树行或列进行修剪即可,本实用新型的整行齐切式果树修剪机的左右两侧设置有两套修剪单元,可以同时对相邻的两列或两行果树进行修剪,修剪效率高。When in use, connect the input end of the T-shaped speed-increasing commutator of the utility model with the mechanical power output end at the rear of the tractor through a coupling, and then connect the hydraulic system of the tractor through the oil pipe. Connected with the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the vertical hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder of the present utility model, the full-line trimming fruit tree pruning machine of the present utility model can be driven to move forward for fruit tree pruning by driving the tractor. The relative angle and position between the upper trimming device and the middle trimming device and the relative angle and position between the middle trimming device and the lower trimming device can be controlled through the expansion and contraction of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder, thereby adjusting the trimming arm actuator After adjusting the shape of the trimming arm actuator, the hydraulic cylinder is locked by the hydraulic lock of the hydraulic device to maintain the trimming shape. The trimming can be adjusted by moving the first L-shaped worktable left and right and the second L-shaped worktable up and down. After the position of the arm executive device is adjusted, start the tractor, and drive the whole row of the utility model of the utility model to trim the fruit tree pruning machine along the rows or columns of the fruit trees. There are two sets of pruning units on the left and right sides of the fruit tree pruning machine, which can prune two adjacent columns or rows of fruit trees at the same time, and the pruning efficiency is high.
本实用新型的整行齐切式果树修剪机可满足不同果树的修剪高度、宽度、修剪树形和修剪整齐度要求,并且两侧的防漏割刀盘可以安全有效的防止树枝漏割,通过调节修剪臂的形状和修剪臂的空间位置可以根据农户要求对整行果树进行齐切,解决果园果树修剪效率低,劳动强度高的问题,增加果园修剪机械化程度,同时此修剪机可以匹配不同马力的外接驱动装置(拖拉机),使修剪机实用性更高,可以根据果园地形情况选择修剪机进行行走修剪或者是悬挂修剪,修剪适应性更强。The utility model's line-cutting fruit tree pruning machine can meet the pruning height, width, pruning tree shape and pruning uniformity requirements of different fruit trees, and the leak-proof cutting discs on both sides can safely and effectively prevent branches from being missed. Adjusting the shape of the pruning arm and the spatial position of the pruning arm can cut the entire row of fruit trees according to the requirements of the farmers, solving the problems of low pruning efficiency and high labor intensity in the orchard, and increasing the mechanization of orchard pruning. At the same time, this pruning machine can match different horsepower The external drive device (tractor) makes the pruning machine more practical, and the pruning machine can be selected for walking pruning or hanging pruning according to the terrain of the orchard, and the pruning adaptability is stronger.
以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本实用新型,凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in this utility model. within the scope of protection of utility models.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107996179A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-05-08 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of neat cut type fruit tree pruning machine of full line |
| CN111357519A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-07-03 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | A full hydraulic drive fruit tree pruning machine and equipment |
| CN113796222A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-17 | 中南林业科技大学 | Garden pruning tool and method |
| CN113826501A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 科莱德设备公司 | leaf stripper |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107996179A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-05-08 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of neat cut type fruit tree pruning machine of full line |
| CN111357519A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-07-03 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | A full hydraulic drive fruit tree pruning machine and equipment |
| CN113826501A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 科莱德设备公司 | leaf stripper |
| CN113826501B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2025-08-19 | 科莱德设备公司 | Leaf stripper |
| CN113796222A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-17 | 中南林业科技大学 | Garden pruning tool and method |
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