CN207652276U

CN207652276U - Electric vehicle, wheel and its switched reluctance machines

Info

Publication number: CN207652276U
Application number: CN201721182519.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李铁才; 童恩东; 漆亚梅; 黄国辉
Original assignee: SHENZHEN PEITIAN MOTOR TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Dafu New Energy Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-07-21
Filing date: 2017-09-14
Publication date: 2018-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2027-09-14
Also published as: WO2019015065A1; CN109286294A; CN109286350A; CN109286289A; CN109286350B; WO2019015064A1; CN109286251A; CN207652278U; WO2019015094A1; CN207652275U; CN109286292A; WO2019015063A1; WO2019015031A1; CN207504744U; CN207652144U; WO2019015093A1; CN207652274U; CN207652277U; CN207504745U; CN109286293A

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electric vehicles,Wheel and its switched reluctance machines,The switched reluctance machines include stator,Switch driving circuit and inductance sensor,Wherein subsection setup has at least three stator modules to stator in an axial direction,Each stator module respectively includes the circumferential periodically setting along stator and the multiple stator tooths being spaced by stator slot and the winding being set around on stator tooth,The stator tooth of at least three stator modules staggers successively predetermined angular along the circumferential direction of stator,Winding in each stator module is same phase winding,Switch driving circuit connects on the winding of DC power supply and at least three stator modules,Inductance sensor is connect with switch driving circuit,Inductance value for the winding for detecting each stator module,Switch driving circuit applies driving current on winding according to driving period of the inductance value control DC power supply successively corresponding at least three stator modules.The utility model can avoid that multiple position sensors are arranged, and reduce cost.

Description

Electric vehicle, wheel and its switched reluctance machines

Technical field

The utility model is related to the technical field of motor, it is related to a kind of electric vehicle, wheel and its switched reluctance machines.

Background technology

Inventor is in practice, it has been found that traditional switched reluctance machines are provided with multiple position sensors, position sensor For the relative position in detection switch reluctance motor between rotor and stator, switched reluctance machines are detected according to position sensor Apply driving current to the relative position between rotor and stator to around the winding being located on stator.Due to needing additional setting more A position sensor, therefore traditional switched reluctance machines is of high cost.

Utility model content

In the prior art of high cost in order to solve the problems, such as, the utility model provides a kind of electric vehicle, wheel and its opens Close reluctance motor.

To solve the above problems, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of switched reluctance machines comprising stator, switch Driving circuit and inductance sensor, wherein subsection setup has at least three stator modules to the stator in an axial direction, it is each described Stator module respectively include the circumferential periodically setting along the stator and multiple stator tooths for being spaced by stator slot and The stator tooth of the winding being set around on the stator tooth, at least three stator module is staggered successively along the circumferential direction of the stator Predetermined angular, each the winding in the stator module is same phase winding, and the switch driving circuit connects direct current On the winding of source and at least three stator module, the inductance sensor is connect with the switch driving circuit, is used In the inductance value of the winding of each stator module of detection, the switch driving circuit controls institute according to the inductance value Stating driving period of the DC power supply successively corresponding at least three stator module applies the driving on the winding Electric current.

Wherein, the quantity of the stator tooth of at least three stator module and of same size, the predetermined angular are T1/N, The wherein described T1 is the angle period of the stator tooth, and the N is the quantity of at least three stator module.

Wherein, the quantity of the stator tooth is odd number.

Wherein, rotor includes the circumferential multiple rotors for being periodically arranged and being spaced by rotor slot along the rotor Tooth, wherein the quantity of the rotor tooth is identical as the quantity of the stator tooth, and the width of the rotor tooth is less than the stator The width of slot.

Wherein, the width ratio of the stator slot and the stator tooth is 1：0.95-0.85, the stator tooth and the rotor The width ratio of tooth is 1:1.05-0.95.

Wherein, the switched reluctance machines further comprise current detection circuit, wherein the current detection circuit is used for Detection flows through the electric current summation of the winding of at least three stator module, and the switch driving circuit is according to the electric current The electric current summation that detection circuit is detected respectively controls the driving current and freewheel current of each winding, So that the electric current summation keeps preset range.

Wherein, the current detection circuit include with one opening annular core and magnetic field sensor, it is described at least Further rotating around on the annular core, the magnetic field sensor is set to described the winding of three stator modules The opening of annular core.

Wherein, the phase difference of the driving period corresponding at least three stator module is 2 π/N, wherein described N is the quantity of at least three stator module.

A kind of wheel is provided in order to solve the above technical problems, originally returning, wheel uses In-wheel motor driving, wheel hub motor to adopt With any one of above-described embodiment switched reluctance machines structure.

A kind of electric vehicle is provided in order to solve the above technical problems, originally returning, electric vehicle is pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, electricity Motor-car is using any one of above-described embodiment switched reluctance machines structure.

Compared with prior art, which detects the winding of each stator module by inductance sensor Inductance value, switch driving circuit according to inductance value control the DC power supply driving corresponding at least three stator modules successively Period applies driving current on winding, avoids that multiple position sensors are arranged, reduces cost.

Description of the drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only the utility model Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this A little attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the switched reluctance machines of the utility model first embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the decomposition diagram of switched reluctance machines in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the three-phase switch reluctance machine of external stator internal rotor；

Fig. 4 be in Fig. 1 A phase windings around the structural schematic diagram for being located at the first stator tooth；

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the first stator tooth in Fig. 1, the second stator tooth and third stator tooth；

Fig. 6 is the magnetic line of force schematic diagram that the center of rotor tooth is overlapped with the center of the first stator tooth in Fig. 1；

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram that the first stator tooth is aligned with rotor slot in Fig. 1；

Fig. 8 is the magnetic line of force schematic diagram that rotor tooth and the first stator tooth position are staggered in Fig. 1；

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram for the inductance curve that switched reluctance machines work normally in Fig. 1；

Figure 10 is that the rotor tooth of switched reluctance machines is equipped with the structural schematic diagram of top rake；

Figure 11 is the circuit diagram of switch driving circuit；

Figure 12 is the sequence diagram of the operation principle of switched reluctance machines；

Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of current detection circuit；

Figure 14 is the sequence diagram of the operation principle of the switched reluctance machines of the 5th embodiment of the utility model；

Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of position sensor；

Figure 16 is the flow chart of the control method of the electric current of the switched reluctance machines of the utility model first embodiment；

Figure 17 be the 7th embodiment of the utility model switched reluctance machines in inductance sensor schematic diagram.

Specific implementation mode

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the utility model is described in further detail.It is emphasized that following Embodiment is merely to illustrate the utility model, but is not defined to the scope of the utility model.Likewise, following embodiment is only For the utility model section Example and not all embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work Under the premise of all other embodiment for being obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Term " first " in the specification and claims of the utility model and above-mentioned attached drawing, " second ", " third " (if present)s such as " the 4 " are for distinguishing similar object, without being used to describe specific sequence or precedence.It answers The data that the understanding uses in this way can be interchanged in the appropriate case, for example so as to the embodiments of the present invention described herein It can be implemented with the sequence other than those of illustrating or describing herein.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and he Any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, contain the process of series of steps or unit, method, System, product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to clearly to list step or unit, but may include not listing clearly Or for the intrinsic other steps of these processes, method, product or equipment or unit.

As shown in Figs. 1-2, the utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment, the switched reluctance machines 10 packet Include stator 11 and rotor 12, wherein subsection setup has at least three stator modules, each stator module to include to stator 11 in an axial direction Along stator 11 circumferential periodically setting and the multiple stator tooths being spaced by stator slot and winding on the stator teeth around Group, i.e., multiple stator tooths are periodically arranged along the circumferential of stator 11, and are spaced with multiple stator slots.

For example, the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment concretely three-phase switch reluctance machine, the threephase switch magnetic Hinder the three-phase switch reluctance machine that motor can be outer rotor inner stator.As shown in Fig. 2, stator 11 is in an axial direction there are three subsection setups Stator module, respectively A phases stator module 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113.In other embodiments, Switched reluctance machines can be the three-phase switch reluctance machine 30 of external stator internal rotor, as shown in Figure 3.

As shown in Fig. 2, A phases stator module 111 include multiple first stator tooths 131, multiple first stator tooths 131 with it is multiple First stator slot 134 is spaced.As shown in figure 4, A phases stator module 111 further comprises around being located on the first stator tooth 131 A phase windings 137, when A phase windings 137 apply driving current, A phase windings 137 will produce magnetic pole, and then form magnetic field.

B phases stator module 112 includes multiple second stator tooths 132 and around the B phase windings being located on the second stator tooth 132, Multiple second stator tooths 132 are spaced with multiple second stator slots 135；C phases stator module 113 includes multiple third stators Tooth 133 and around the C phase windings being located on third stator tooth 133, multiple third stator tooths 133 and multiple third stator slots 136 that This interval.Wherein, B phase windings are around being located on the second stator tooth 132 and C phase windings are around being located on third stator tooth 133 and A phases Winding 137 is identical around the structure being located on the first stator tooth 131, repeats no more.

The stator tooth of at least three stator modules staggers successively predetermined angle along the circumferential direction of stator 11, so that rotor 12 Continuous rotation under the action of magnetic field caused by driving current on the winding for being successively applied at least three stator modules, Apply driving current successively on the winding of at least three stator modules, rotor 12 is caused by winding under the action of magnetic field Continuous rotation.Specifically, the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 stagger successively predetermined angle along the circumferential direction of stator, the Three stator tooths 133 and the second stator tooth 132 stagger successively predetermined angle along the circumferential direction of stator；When A phases stator module 111, B phases Stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113 apply driving current successively, in the magnetic field that A phase windings 137 generate, the production of B phase windings Under the action of the magnetic field that raw magnetic field and C phase windings generate, 12 continuous rotation of rotor.

The A phases stator module 111 of the present embodiment includes around the A phase windings 137 being located on the first stator tooth 131, B phase stators Component 112 includes around the B phase windings being located on the second stator tooth 132, and C phases stator module 113 includes around being located at third stator tooth C phase windings on 133, therefore each stator module is respectively provided with same phase winding, relative to determining for traditional switched reluctance machines Son setting polyphase windings can reduce A phase windings, B since the number of turns of the turn ratio polyphase windings of same phase winding is few The number of turns of phase winding and C phase windings, and then the copper loss of switched reluctance machines 10 is reduced, reduce cost.

Wherein, the quantity of the stator tooth of at least three stator modules and of same size, specifically, multiple first stator tooths 131 quantity, the quantity of multiple second stator tooths 132 are identical with the quantity of multiple third stator tooths 133, and the first stator tooth 131 width, the width of the second stator tooth 132 and third stator tooth 133 it is of same size.Therefore, A phases stator module 111, B The processing technology of phase stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113 is identical.

Predetermined angle can be T1/N, and wherein T1 is the electrical angle period of stator tooth, and N is the number of at least three stator modules Amount.The electrical angle period of the stator tooth is 2 π/M, and wherein M is the quantity of stator tooth, the i.e. stator of at least three stator module Tooth is mechanical angle along the angle that the circumferential direction of stator 11 staggers successively.

As shown in figure 5, the predetermined angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered is T1/N, wherein first The angle cycle T 1 of stator tooth 131 is 2 π/M, N 3, therefore the angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered is 2π/3M.For example, the quantity M of the first stator tooth 131 is 6, then the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered default Angle is 2 π/3M=20 °.Due to being an angle period, the second stator tooth between two adjacent the first stator tooths 131 132 and first stator tooth 131 be staggered 1/3 tooth pitch, be equivalent to the electrical angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered It it is 120 °, which can be the distance of two neighboring first stator tooth 131.

In addition, the predetermined angle that third stator tooth 133 and the second stator tooth 132 are staggered is 2 π/3M, i.e. third stator tooth 133 and second stator tooth 132 be staggered 1/3 tooth pitch.The predetermined angle that first stator tooth 131 and third stator tooth 133 are staggered be 2 π/ 3M, i.e. the first stator tooth 131 and third stator tooth 133 are staggered 1/3 tooth pitch.

As shown in Fig. 2, rotor 12 includes the circumferential periodically setting along rotor 12 and is spaced by rotor slot 122 Multiple rotor tooths 121, i.e., multiple rotor tooths 121 along rotor 12 circumferential periodically setting, and with multiple rotor slots 122 that This interval.The quantity of rotor tooth 121 is identical as the quantity of stator tooth, and the width of rotor tooth 121 is less than the width of stator slot.

The rotor 12 of this implementation, which can be used, to be wholely set, and the length of rotor 12 axially is more than or equal to 11 edge of stator Axial length, which can be length, the B phase stator packs of A phases stator module 111 axially The sum of the length of length and C phases stator module 113 axially of part 112 axially, so that rotor 12 can cover A Phase stator module 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113.

In other embodiments, subsection setup, such as rotor and A phases stator module, B phase stator packs may be used in rotor 12 It is three sections that part and C phase stator modules, which are correspondingly arranged, and the rotor tooth of three-stage rotor is axially aligned.

Wherein, the quantity of rotor tooth 121 respectively with the quantity of the first stator tooth 131, the quantity of the second stator tooth 132 and The quantity all same of three stator tooths 133, when the center of rotor tooth 121 is overlapped with the center of the first stator tooth 131, such as Fig. 6 institutes Show.

Fig. 6 is to measure switch when 16 the first stator tooths 131 of switched reluctance machines and 16 rotor tooths 121 are aligned The magnetic field of the magnetic line of force of reluctance motor, the switched reluctance machines is indicated by magnetic line of force T.Due to 11 subsection setup A phases of stator Stator module 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113, thus A phase windings 137 generate the magnetic line of force T, B phase around The magnetic line of force that the magnetic line of force and C phase windings that group generates generate is not interfere with each other, i.e., A phase windings 137, B phase windings and C phase windings is mutual Sense is zero.In addition, the magnetic line of force T that A phase windings 137 generate will not tangle intersections, therefore every magnetic pole generation of A phase windings 137 Magnetic line of force T closed circuits are located in the pole span of the magnetic pole, i.e., the magnetic line of force T that every magnetic pole of A phase windings generates will not cross over adjacent The center line of magnetic pole, traditional reluctance motor three-phase windings are there are mutual inductance, and the electric current of energized phase, which will produce, to interact, armature-reaction It is non-linear very serious, and the principle torque ripple for being difficult to overcome is generated, and switching magnetic-resistance provided by the utility model is electric For machine since each stator module is independent, the winding of each stator module is same phase winding, so mutual inductance is not present, because This overcomes the torque ripple caused by mutual inductance from principle.Referring to FIG. 6, relative to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine Three-phase windings are arranged in stator module, and the magnetic line of force generated per magnetic pole must cross over 3 pole spans, i.e. conventional three-phase switched reluctance machines Any magnetic pole generate flux loop length be all the present embodiment every magnetic pole generation flux loop length 3 Times, magnetic resistance is larger, and the maximum induction that winding generates is smaller, but the magnetic line of force T that every magnetic pole of the present embodiment generates is constrained on this Within the pole span of magnetic pole, magnetic resistance is small, and then the inductance that A phase windings 137 generate is big.B phase windings and C phase windings are applying driving electricity The circuits generated magnetic line of force T when applying driving current are identical with A phase windings for generated flux loop when stream, no longer superfluous It states.

Wherein, the calculation formula of the winding coefficient of switched reluctance machines is：

Wherein, the stator number of teeth Zd and rotor number of teeth Zz that traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine may be used meet：Zz/Zd Can be 4/6 or 8/6；And integral multiple 8/12,6/12,12/18,24/18,16/24 and 32/24 etc., according to above-mentioned formula It is 0.866 that winding coefficient, which can be obtained,.Namely three-phase circumferentially 120 ° of distributions due to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine, cause Winding coefficient is 0.866.And the stator number of teeth Zd and rotor number of teeth Zz of the switched reluctance machines 10 of the present embodiment are equal, according to It is 1 that above-mentioned formula, which can obtain winding coefficient,.

Therefore, the switched reluctance machines 10 of the present embodiment belong to pole span be 180 ° of electrical angles it is whole away from integer slot motor, The winding system of the switched reluctance machines 10 is 1, and the winding coefficient relative to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine is 0.866, The utilization rate of the winding of the present embodiment improves 1.155 times, realizes that winding utilization maximizes, and then improves switching magnetic-resistance electricity The efficiency of machine 10 and the torque of output.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of second embodiment, and the tooth socket for switched reluctance machines to be arranged is joined Number, is described on the basis of the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment.As shown in fig. 7, the width of the present embodiment stator slot Width ratio with stator tooth is 1:0.95-0.85, the width of stator tooth and the width ratio of rotor tooth are 1:1.05-0.95.

It is illustrated by taking the first stator tooth 131 and rotor tooth 121 as an example, as shown in fig. 7, the width of the first stator slot 134 Width ratio with the first stator tooth 131 can be 1:0.95-0.85, the i.e. width of the first stator tooth 131 are less than the first stator slot 134 Width, and then ensure that the first stator slot 134 possesses enough space setting A phase windings 137.Such as：First stator slot 134 Width and the first stator tooth 131 width ratio can be 1：0.85；The width of first stator slot 134 and the first stator tooth 131 Width ratio can be 1：0.9；The width ratio of the width of first stator slot 134 and the first stator tooth 131 can be 1：0.95.Correspondingly, The ratio of the width of second stator slot 135 and the second stator tooth 132 can be 1:0.95-0.85, the width of third stator slot 136 with The ratio of third stator tooth 133 can be 1:0.95-0.85.

The width of first stator tooth 131 is 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121:1.05-0.95.Wherein, the first stator tooth 131 width can be 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121：1, i.e. the width phase of the width of rotor tooth 121 and the first stator tooth 131 Together, the width of stator tooth and rotor tooth 121 is of same size.The width of first stator tooth 131 can with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121 It is 1：0.95, i.e. the width of rotor tooth 121 is less than the width of the first stator tooth 131；The width and rotor tooth of first stator tooth 131 121 width ratio can be 1：1.05, i.e. the width of rotor tooth 121 is more than the width of the first stator tooth 131, and rotor tooth 121 Width be less than the first stator slot 134 width.Correspondingly, the width of the second stator tooth 132 and the width ratio of rotor tooth 121 are 1:1.05-0.95, the width of third stator tooth are 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121:1.05-0.95.

The present embodiment is 1 by the width ratio of width and stator tooth that stator slot is arranged:0.95-0.85, the width of stator tooth The width ratio of degree and rotor tooth is 1:1.05-0.95 enables to the inductance curve of switched reluctance machines with the position of rotor tooth Set in triangular waveform change, as shown in figure 9, and inductance curve change rate it is big.

Wherein, the air gap between rotor 12 and stator 11 can be 0.1mm~3mm, width and the rotor tooth 121 of stator slot The difference of width is 8-12 times of air gap, and the wherein width of stator slot is the width of rebate of stator slot, and the width of rotor tooth 121 is The width at 121 top of rotor tooth.That is the difference of the width of the width and rotor tooth 121 of the first stator slot 134 is the 8-12 of air gap Times, the difference of the width of the second stator slot 135 and the width of rotor tooth 121 is 8-12 times of air gap, the width of third stator slot 134 The difference of degree and the width of rotor tooth 121 is 8-12 times of air gap.

Further, the air gap between rotor 12 and stator 11 is 0.15mm~2mm, the width and rotor tooth of stator slot The difference of 121 width can be 10 times of air gap, i.e. the width of stator slot is bigger 1.5mm-20mm than the width of rotor tooth 121.Its In, the width of the width of the first stator slot 134, the width of the second stator slot 135 and third stator slot 134 is than rotor tooth 121 The big 1.5mm-20mm of width.

The revealed air gap of this implementation can be 1mm, and the width of stator slot is bigger 10mm than the width of rotor tooth 121 at this time.

Air gap between the rotor 12 and stator 11 of the present embodiment can be 0.1mm~3mm, the width and rotor tooth of stator slot The difference of 121 width is 8-12 times of air gap, in rotor tooth 121 and stator slot face, rotor crown and stator crown Gap is larger, such as when rotor tooth 121 and the first 134 face of stator slot, the crown of rotor tooth 121 and the first stator tooth 131 The gap of crown is larger, as shown in Figure 7.Therefore magnetic resistance is larger so that the minimum inductance that A phase windings generate is smaller, to improve The output torques of switched reluctance machines.

It is please in 16 the first stator tooths 131 of switched reluctance machines and 16 rotor tooths with further reference to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 The magnetic line of force of switched reluctance machines is measured when 121 positions are staggered, the first stator slot 134 is not yet completely right with rotor tooth 121 at this time Together, since the gap between the first stator slot 134 and rotor tooth 121 is larger, such as the width of the first stator slot 134 compares rotor The big 10mm of width of tooth 121.It, should since magnetic line of force T will not tangle intersection, and in the squeezing action by the adjacent magnetic line of force Magnetic line of force T can only form closed circuit by the gap between current first stator slot 134 and rotor tooth 121, and the gap is non- Chang great, therefore magnetic resistance is big, causes the inductance that A phase windings 137 generate small.It is completely right in the first stator slot 134 and rotor tooth 121 Qi Shi can not detect magnetic line of force T.

For the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment in normal work, the inductance curve of A phase stator modules was as shown in figure 9, should Inductance curve changes in triangular waveform.It is overlapped with the center of the first stator slot 134 at the center of rotor tooth 121, that is, corresponds to the When one electrical angle a1, the inductance that A phase windings generate is minimum；At the center of rotor tooth 121 and the center of the first stator tooth 131 weight It closes, that is, when corresponding to the second electrical angle a2, the inductance that A phase windings generate is maximum, and inductance ratio can reach 21.25, and traditional The inductance ratio of three-phase switch reluctance machine can only achieve 2.5-4.5 or so.Due to the output torque of switched reluctance machinesInductance is than high meaningGreatly, the output torque of motor is just big, namely improve motor power it is close Degree.

The quantity of the stator tooth of the present embodiment can be odd number, i.e. the sum of the first stator tooth 131 and the first stator slot 134 is 2N, wherein N are natural number.Therefore the quantity of the first stator tooth 131 and the quantity of the first stator slot 134 can be odd number, can The natural resonance of slot ripples is avoided, such as the quantity of the first stator tooth 131 is 3, the quantity of the first stator slot 134 is 3.It compares The quantity of the stator tooth of Conventional switched reluctance motor is even number, and the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment can turn according to different Fast and different torques select the quantity of the quantity and the first stator slot 134 of the first stator tooth 131, can adapt to different occasions, Improve the practicability of switched reluctance machines.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of 3rd embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of second embodiment On the basis of be described.As shown in Figure 10, the crown of the rotor tooth 121 in the present embodiment is provided with a top rake 123, top rake 123 Can be arc top rake, the depth D of the top rake 123 is less than 0.8mm, and the length L of top rake 123 is less than the width of rotor tooth 121；Tool Body, the length L of top rake 123 is less than the 1/3 of the width of rotor tooth 121, can significantly reduce the noise of motor.In other realities It applies in example, the crown of rotor tooth 121 may be arranged as chamfering, and the wherein radius of chamfering is less than 1mm.

First stator tooth 131 of the present embodiment, the crown structure of the second stator tooth 132 and third stator tooth and above-mentioned rotor The crown structure of tooth 121 is identical, repeats no more.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment On the basis of be described.As shown in figure 11, switched reluctance machines further comprise switch driving circuit 21, switch driving circuit 21 On the winding for connecting DC power supply Us and at least three stator modules, i.e., switch driving circuit 21 connect DC power supply Us, A phase around On group, B phase windings and C phase windings.

Switch driving circuit 21 is for the periodical driving stage phase winding corresponding at least three stator modules successively The phase of upper application driving current, the driving period of at least three stator modules offsets one from another, i.e., in A phases stator module 111 Driving stage, switch driving circuit 21 apply driving current in A phases stator module 111；In the driving rank of B phases stator module 112 Section, switch driving circuit 21 apply driving current in B phases stator module 112；In the driving stage of C phases stator module 113, switch Driving circuit 21 applies driving current in C phases stator module 113.Correspondingly, A phases stator module 111,112 and of B phases stator module The phase of the driving period of C phases stator module 113 offsets one from another.

Wherein, switch driving circuit 21 is further in the subsequent afterflow of at least three stator modules corresponding driving period The energy stored on the winding of section at least three stator modules of release, to form freewheel current.I.e. in A phases stator module 111 Period subsequent afterflow period, switch driving circuit 21 is driven to form A phase windings for discharging the energy stored on A phase windings Freewheel current；In the driving period of the B phases stator module 112 subsequent afterflow period, switch driving circuit 21 is for discharging B phases The energy stored on winding forms the freewheel current of B phase windings；In the subsequent afterflow of the driving period of C phases stator module 113 Section, switch driving circuit 21 form the freewheel current of C phase windings for discharging the energy stored on C phase windings.

Switch driving circuit 21 includes controller 23 and corresponding at least three stator modules at least three opens respectively Module is closed, each switch module respectively includes first switch pipe, two pole of second switch pipe, the first fly-wheel diode and the second afterflow The second connection end connection of pipe, the wherein anode, first switch pipe of the first connecting pin connection power supply of first switch pipe is corresponding The first end of the winding of stator module, the first connecting pin of second switch pipe connect the second of the winding of corresponding stator module End, the cathode of the second connection end connection power supply of second switch pipe, the anode of the first fly-wheel diode connect corresponding stator pack The second end of the winding of part, the anode of the cathode connection power supply of the first fly-wheel diode, the anode connection of the second fly-wheel diode The cathode of power supply, the cathode of the second fly-wheel diode connect the first end of the winding of corresponding stator module.Wherein, first switch Pipe and second switch pipe are connected with the windings in series of corresponding stator module.

Specifically, switch driving circuit 21 includes controller 23, first switch module corresponding with A phases stator module 111 24, and the corresponding second switch module 25 of B phases stator module 112 and third switch module corresponding with C phases stator module 113 26.First switch module 24 includes first switch pipe V1, two pole second switch pipe V2, the first sustained diode 1 and the second afterflow Pipe D2, second switch module 25 include first switch pipe V3, second switch pipe V4, the first sustained diode 3 and the second afterflow two Pole pipe D4, third switch module 26 are continuous including first switch pipe V5, second switch pipe V6, the first sustained diode 5 and second Flow diode D6.

Wherein, the phase difference of the driving period corresponding at least three stator modules is 2 π/N, and wherein N is at least three fixed The quantity of sub-component.A phases stator module 111 driving the period and B phases stator module 112 driving the period phase difference be 2 π/ The phase difference of 3, i.e. 120 ° of electrical angle, the driving period of B phases stator module 112 and the driving period of C phases stator module 113 are electricity 120 ° of angle.

As shown in figure 12, the driving period of the present embodiment A phases stator module 111 is 0 ° -120 ° of electrical angle, A phase stator packs The afterflow period of part 111 is 120 ° -180 ° of electrical angle；The driving period of B phases stator module 112 is 120 ° -240 ° of electrical angle, B The afterflow period of phase stator module 112 is 240 ° -300 ° of electrical angle；The driving period of C phases stator module 113 is 240 ° of electrical angle - 360 °, the afterflow period of C phases stator module 113 is 360 ° -420 ° of electrical angle.Wherein, the afterflow period of each stator module is under The phase of the driving period of one driven stator module is least partially overlapped, i.e. the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111 and B It is 120 ° -180 ° that the phase of the driving period of phase stator module 112, which partly overlaps, the afterflow period of B phases stator module 112 and C It is 240 ° -300 ° that the phase of the driving period of phase stator module 113, which partly overlaps,.

In the driving period, controller 23 controls first switch pipe simultaneously with pulse width modulation mode and second switch pipe is intermittent Thus conducting adjusts the size of driving current.The pulse width modulation mode can be PWM (Pulse Width Modulation, arteries and veins Rush width modulated) signal, in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, controller 23 controls first simultaneously by pwm signal Switching tube V1 and second switch pipe V2 are switched on or off.Controller 23 sends PWM in the inductance minimum that A phase windings generate Signal is to first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2；When first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are simultaneously turned on, direct current Power supply Us applies driving current in A phases stator module 111；When first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are simultaneously closed off, directly Galvanic electricity source Us stops at A phases stator module 111 and applies driving current, and driving current can be avoided excessive.Controller 23 is in A phases Stop sending pwm signal when the inductance maximum that winding generates to first switch pipe V1, the V1 closings of first switch pipe, A phase stator packs Part 111 enters the afterflow period.In other embodiment, sine wave signal may be used in pulse width modulation mode.

In the afterflow period, the control first switch pipe of controller 23 is continuously off, and is opened with pulse width modulation mode control second Pipe intermittent conduction is closed, the size of freewheel current is thus adjusted.In the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111, controller 23 can It is stopped with controlling DC power supply Us, A phase windings, second switch V2 and the second sustained diode 2 forming circuit, and then release Put the energy stored on A phase windings.Controller 23 controls second switch pipe intermittent conduction by pwm signal, to adjust A phases The size of the freewheel current of winding.

As shown in figure 13, switched reluctance machines further comprise the current detection circuit being connect with switch driving circuit 21 27, which is used to detect the electric current summation for the winding for flowing through at least three stator modules, i.e. current detecting electricity Road 27 is i=ia+ib+ic, ia for detecting the electric current summation for flowing through A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings, electric current summation To flow through the electric current of A phase windings, ib is the electric current for flowing through B phase windings, and ic is the electric current for flowing through C phase windings.

Current detection circuit 27 includes having an annular core 271 being open and magnetic field sensor 272, and at least three For the winding of stator module rotating around being located on annular core 271, magnetic field sensor 272 is set to the opening of annular core 271. Wherein, annular core 271 can be C-shaped iron core, and A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings are rotating around being located at annular core 271 On, coil L1, coil L2 and coil L3 are formed on annular core 271 respectively.The winding of each stator module is in annular iron The number of turns of winding is identical on core 271, i.e., the number of turns of coil L1, the number of turns of coil L2 are identical with the number of turns of coil L3.Wherein, magnetic Field sensor 272 can be linear Hall current sensor.The switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment only need a magnetic field sensor 272 detections flow through the electric current summation of A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings, therefore reduce number of sensors, reduce switch magnetic Hinder the cost of motor.In other embodiments, current detection circuit 27 could be provided as using magnetic balancing current sensor.

The electric current summation i that switch driving circuit 21 is detected according to current detection circuit 27 is respectively to the driving of each winding electricity Stream and freewheel current are controlled, so that electric current summation keeps preset range.Specifically, switch driving circuit 21 is according to electric current Summation the i driving current to A phase windings and freewheel current, the driving current of B phase windings and freewheel current, C phase windings respectively Driving current and freewheel current are controlled, so that electric current summation i keeps stablizing.

In the afterflow period of A windings, the electric current summation i that controller 23 is detected according to current detection circuit 27 passes through PWM Signal controls first switch pipe V3 simultaneously and second switch pipe V4 is switched on or off, with DC power supply Us in B phase stator modules 112 apply driving current, and electric current summation i keeps stablizing, as shown in figure 12.

B windings are in the operation principle and C windings for driving period and afterflow period in the work for driving period and afterflow period Principle is identical in driving period and the operation principle of afterflow period as A windings, repeats no more.

The electric current summation i that the switch driving circuit 21 of the present embodiment is detected according to current detection circuit 27 respectively to respectively around The driving current and freewheel current of group are controlled, so that electric current summation keeps preset range, therefore the switch magnetic of this implementation Hindering motor has the characteristic of servo motor；Since the output torque of switched reluctance machines is stablized, and then reduce switched reluctance machines Torque fluctuations and noise.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of the 5th embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment The difference is that：As shown in figure 14, controller 23 controls first switch constant conduction, and with pulse width modulation mode control the Thus two switching tube intermittent conductions adjust the size of driving current.I.e. in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, control Device 23 controls first switch V1 constant conductions, and second switch pipe V2 intermittent conductions are controlled by pwm signal.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of sixth embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment On the basis of be described：As shown in figure 15, switched reluctance machines further comprise that the position being connect with switch driving circuit 21 passes Sensor 28, position sensor 28 are used to measure the relative position in switched reluctance machines 10 between rotor 12 and stator 11, so that It obtains switch driving circuit 21 and energized state, i.e. switch driving circuit 21 is changed according to the relative position between rotor 12 and stator 11 Change energized state according to the maximum induction of each stator module and minimum inductance, is worked with driving switch reluctance motor.Wherein, Position sensor 28 includes magnetic coder or optical encoder.

The utility model provides the control method of the electric current of the switched reluctance machines of an embodiment, the controlling party of the present embodiment Method is described on the basis of fourth embodiment revealed switched reluctance machines.As shown in figure 16, which includes：

S161：In the driving period, first switch pipe and second switch pipe intermittent conduction are controlled by controller 23 simultaneously； Or control first switch pipe constant conduction, and second switch pipe intermittent conduction is controlled, to adjust the driving current of winding Size；

S162：In the afterflow period, it is continuously off that first switch pipe is controlled by controller 23, and is controlled between second switch pipe Having a rest property is connected, to adjust the size of the freewheel current of winding；

S163：According to electric current summation i control driving currents and freewheel current, so that electric current summation i keeps preset range.

In step S161, the driving period corresponding at least three stator modules is further controlled by controller 23 Phase difference is 2 π/N, and wherein N is the quantity of at least three stator modules.I.e. the driving period of A phases stator module 111 is fixed with B phases Sub-component 112 drives the phase difference of period for 2 π/3, i.e. 120 ° of electrical angle, the driving period of B phases stator module 112 and C phases The phase difference of the driving period of stator module 113 is 120 ° of electrical angle.

Afterflow period by the control stator module of controller 23 and the driving period of next driven stator module Phase is least partially overlapped, wherein the phase of the afterflow period of stator module and the driving period of next driven stator module Least partially overlapped is π/N.That is the phase of the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111 and the driving period of B phases stator module 112 It is 120 ° -180 ° to partly overlap, the phase of the afterflow period of B phases stator module 112 and the driving period of C phases stator module 113 It is 240 ° -300 ° to partly overlap, as shown in figure 12.

Wherein, it in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, is controlled simultaneously with pulse width modulation mode by controller 23 First switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are switched on or off.The inductance generated in A phase windings by controller 23 is minimum When send pwm signal to first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2；It is led simultaneously in first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 When logical, DC power supply Us applies driving current in A phases stator module 111；First switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 simultaneously When closing, DC power supply Us stops at A phases stator module 111 and applies driving current, and driving current can be avoided excessive.

Stop in the inductance maximum that A phase windings generate sending pwm signal by controller 23 to first switch pipe V1, the One switching tube V1 is closed, and A phases stator module 111 enters the afterflow period, enters step S162.

In step S162, in the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111, DC power supply Us is controlled by controller 23 It is stopped, and it is continuously off and intermittent with pulse width modulation mode control second switch pipe V2 to control first switch pipe V1 Conducting, so that A phase windings, second switch V2 and the second sustained diode 2 forming circuit, and then stored on release A phase windings Energy, to adjust the size of the freewheel current of A phase windings.

Meanwhile the first switch pipe V3 and second switch pipe V4 that B windings are controlled by controller 23 are switched on or off, Apply driving current in B phases stator module 112 with DC power supply Us, wherein B windings are controlled by the control mode of step S161 First switch pipe V3 and second switch pipe V4, details are not described herein.

In step S163, by switch driving circuit 21 from the acquisition electric current summation i of current detection circuit 27, and according to Electric current summation i control driving currents and freewheel current, so that electric current summation i keeps preset range.Wherein control driving current Step S161 can be used in method, and step S162 can be used in the method for controlling freewheel current.

The pulse width modulation mode of the present embodiment can be square wave pulse width modulation or Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation.Wherein, above-mentioned The pwm signal of embodiment is modulated for square wave pulse width.

In the present invention, the inductance that A phase windings generate is minimum, concretely rotor tooth 121 and the first stator slot 134 it is perfectly aligned when；The inductance that A phase windings generate is maximum, and concretely rotor tooth 121 and the first stator tooth 131 are perfectly aligned When.

The present embodiment is since previous phase is in the afterflow period, and mutually in the driving period, i.e. A phase windings are entering the afterflow period for conducting When, B phase windings are entering the driving period；The freewheel current of A phases and the sum of the driving current of B phases are kept constant, therefore switch magnetic The current fluctuation for hindering motor is small, i.e. the electric current summation fluctuation of switched reluctance machines is small, and then the fluctuation of torque is small.Due to previous phase Freewheel current it is larger, and the driving current that phase is connected is smaller, i.e. the freewheel current of A phases is larger, and the driving current of B phases is smaller； Therefore magnetic field intensity caused by the winding of conducting phase is weak, i.e., magnetic field intensity caused by B phase windings is weak, and then reduces noise.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of the 7th embodiment, with the 5th revealed switching magnetic-resistance of embodiment Motor the difference is that：The switched reluctance machines 30 of the present embodiment are provided with the inductance being connect with switch driving circuit 21 and pass Sensor 38 is coupled with the winding of at least three stator modules, the inductance value of the winding for detecting each stator module respectively, and Inductance value is sent to switch driving circuit 21, switch driving circuit 21 is according to inductance value to the winding of at least three stator modules Driving current is provided, as shown in figure 17.I.e. switch driving circuit 21 controls DC source according to inductance value and determines successively at least three The driving period corresponding to sub-component applies driving current on winding.

Specifically, inductance sensor 38 flows through the first inductance of A phase windings for detection respectively, flows through the of B phase windings Two inductance and the third inductance for flowing through C phase windings.Inductance sensor 38 is by the first inductance, the second inductance and third inductance It is sent to switch driving circuit 21, switch driving circuit 21 is distinguished successively according to the first inductance, the second inductance and third inductance Driving current is provided to A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings.In addition, switch driving circuit 21 is according to current detection circuit The 27 electric current summation i detected respectively control the driving current and freewheel current of each winding, so that electric current summation i is protected Hold preset range.

Operation principle is described by taking A phase windings as an example.

Please also refer to Figure 12, is determined in switch driving circuit 21 and flow through the third inductance of C phase windings and taper into, and And the first inductance for flowing through A phase windings gradually increases, i.e., C phase windings enter freewheeling period, when A phase windings enter the driving stage, Switch driving circuit 21 provides driving current to A phase windings, and controls electric current summation i and keep preset range；Due to C phase windings Freewheel current taper into, then switch driving circuit 21 to A phase windings provide driving current gradually increase.

It is determined in switch driving circuit 21 and flows through the first inductance of A phase windings and taper into, and flow through B phase windings Second inductance gradually increases, i.e., A phase windings enter freewheeling period, when B phase windings enter the driving stage, switch driving circuit 21 to B phase windings provide driving current, stop providing driving current to A phase windings, and control electric current summation i and keep preset range； Since the freewheel current of A phase windings tapers into, then switch driving circuit 21 provides driving current to B phase windings and gradually increases.

The operation principle of B phase windings and C phase windings is identical as the operation principle of A phase windings, and details are not described herein.

The switched reluctance machines 30 of the present embodiment flow through the inductance value of winding, switch by the way that the detection of inductance sensor 38 is arranged Driving circuit 21 provides driving current according to inductance value to the winding of at least three stator modules, avoids that multiple position sensings are arranged Device reduces cost.

The utility model also provides a kind of wheel, which is driven using switched reluctance machines, and the switched reluctance machines For the switched reluctance machines as described in preceding embodiment.

Preferably, which may include hub-type switched reluctance machines, that is, utilize hub-type switched reluctance machines to drive, The hub-type switched reluctance machines are the electric machine structure of outer rotor inner stator.

Further, the utility model also provides a kind of electric vehicle, which can be electric vehicle, battery-operated motor cycle Or electric bicycle etc..The electric vehicle is pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, and the wheel of the electric vehicle uses switched reluctance machines Driving, the switched reluctance machines are also the switched reluctance machines as described in preceding embodiment.Preferably, the driving wheel of the electric vehicle The car wheel structure in above-described embodiment can be used, i.e. wheel includes hub-type switched reluctance machines, utilizes hub-type switching magnetic-resistance Motor drives vehicle wheel rotation.

It should be noted that the application scenarios for the switched reluctance machines that the utility model embodiment provides are not limited to electronic vapour Vehicle is also used as the drivings motor such as ship, big machinery.

It should be noted that the above various embodiments belongs to same utility model design, the description of each embodiment respectively has side Weight, not detailed place, can refer to the description in other embodiment described in separate embodiment.

The switched reluctance machines and electric vehicle and wheel provided above to the utility model embodiment have carried out detailed Jie It continues, specific case used herein is expounded the principles of the present invention and embodiment, and above example is said The bright method and its core concept for being merely used to help understand the utility model；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, According to the thought of the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, in conclusion this explanation Book content should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of switched reluctance machines, which is characterized in that the switched reluctance machines include stator, switch driving circuit and electricity Propagated sensation sensor, wherein subsection setup has at least three stator modules, each stator module to wrap respectively to the stator in an axial direction Include along the stator the circumferential multiple stator tooths for being periodically arranged and being spaced by stator slot and be set around the stator The stator tooth of winding on tooth, at least three stator module staggers successively predetermined angular along the circumferential direction of the stator, each The winding in the stator module is same phase winding, and the switch driving circuit connects DC power supply and described at least three On the winding of a stator module, the inductance sensor is connect with the switch driving circuit, each described for detecting The inductance value of the winding of stator module, the switch driving circuit control the DC power supply successively according to the inductance value The driving period corresponding at least three stator module applies driving current on the winding.

2. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stator tooth of at least three stator module Quantity and of same size, the predetermined angular is T1/N, wherein the T1 is the angle period of the stator tooth, the N is The quantity of at least three stator module.

3. switched reluctance machines according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the quantity of the stator tooth is odd number.

4. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that rotor includes the circumferential period along the rotor Property setting and multiple rotor tooths for being spaced by rotor slot, wherein the quantity phase of the quantity of the rotor tooth and the stator tooth Together, and the width of the rotor tooth be less than the stator slot width.

5. switched reluctance machines according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the width of the stator slot and the stator tooth Than being 1：The width ratio of 0.95-0.85, the stator tooth and the rotor tooth is 1:1.05-0.95.

6. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the switched reluctance machines further comprise electricity Current detection circuit, wherein the current detection circuit is used to detect the electricity for the winding for flowing through at least three stator module Flow summation, the electric current summation that the switch driving circuit is detected according to the current detection circuit respectively to it is each it is described around The driving current and freewheel current of group are controlled, so that the electric current summation keeps preset range.

7. switched reluctance machines according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the current detection circuit includes having one to open The annular core and magnetic field sensor of mouth, the winding of at least three stator module is further rotating around set on described On annular core, the magnetic field sensor is set to the opening of the annular core.

8. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that corresponding at least three stator module The phase difference of the driving period is 2 π/N, wherein the N is the quantity of at least three stator module.

9. a kind of wheel, which is characterized in that it is claim 1-8 that the wheel, which uses In-wheel motor driving, the wheel hub motor, Any one of them switched reluctance machines.

10. a kind of electric vehicle, which is characterized in that the electric vehicle is pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle includes such as Claim 1-8 any one of them switched reluctance machines.