CN207504745U

CN207504745U - Electric vehicle, wheel and its switched reluctance machines

Info

Publication number: CN207504745U
Application number: CN201721184044.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李铁才; 童恩东; 漆亚梅; 黄国辉
Original assignee: SHENZHEN PEITIAN MOTOR TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Dafu New Energy Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-07-21
Filing date: 2017-09-14
Publication date: 2018-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2027-09-14
Also published as: WO2019015065A1; CN109286294A; CN109286350A; CN109286289A; CN109286350B; WO2019015064A1; CN109286251A; CN207652278U; WO2019015094A1; CN207652275U; CN109286292A; WO2019015063A1; WO2019015031A1; CN207504744U; CN207652144U; WO2019015093A1; CN207652274U; CN207652277U; CN109286293A; CN207504726U

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electric vehicles, wheel and its switched reluctance machines, the switched reluctance machines include stator and rotor, wherein subsection setup has at least three stator modules to stator in an axial direction, each stator module is respectively included along the circumferential periodically setting of stator and the multiple stator tooths being spaced by stator slot and the winding being set around on stator tooth, the circumferential direction of the stator tooth of at least three stator modules along stator is staggered predetermined angular successively, winding in each stator module is same phase winding, rotor includes the circumferential multiple rotor tooths for periodically setting and being spaced by rotor slot along rotor, wherein the stator core of switched reluctance machines and/or rotor core are made of the band-like continuous spring-like winding of sheet material progress, the side of sheet material is provided with spaced tooth and slot.The utility model avoids generating a large amount of remaining sheet material, and then reduce cost.

Description

Electric vehicle, wheel and its switched reluctance machines

Technical field

The utility model is related to the technical fields of motor, are related to a kind of electric vehicle, wheel and its switched reluctance machines.

Background technology

For inventor in practice, it has been found that traditional switched reluctance machines include stator and rotor, stator has stator core, Rotor has rotor core, at present by carrying out punching, and the silicon steel sheet after punching is laminated to entire silicon steel sheet, with shape Into stator core or rotor core.

Since silicon steel sheet remaining after by silicon steel punched chip can not be reused, and then remaining silicon steel sheet is caused to cause Waste, it is of high cost.

Utility model content

Of the prior art of high cost in order to solve the problems, such as, the utility model provides a kind of electric vehicle, wheel and its opens Close reluctance motor.

In order to solve the above technical problems, this hair provides a kind of switched reluctance machines, including stator and rotor, wherein institute Stating stator, subsection setup has at least three stator modules in an axial direction, and each stator module respectively includes the week along the stator To periodically setting and the multiple stator tooths being spaced by stator slot and the winding being set around on the stator tooth, it is described extremely Circumferential direction of stator tooth along the stator of few three stator modules is staggered predetermined angular successively, each the institute in the stator module It is same phase winding to state winding, what the rotor included the circumferential periodically setting along the rotor and was spaced by rotor slot Multiple rotor tooths, wherein the stator core and/or rotor core of the switched reluctance machines carry out continuous bullet by band-like sheet material Spring shape winding is made, and the side of the sheet material is provided with the spaced tooth and slot.

Wherein, the band-like sheet material carries out punch process, stamps out the stator tooth and institute in the side of the sheet material State stator slot.

Wherein, fluted, the groove is set far from the opposite side of the stator tooth and the stator slot in the sheet material Center line be arranged on the central axis of the stator tooth.

Wherein, the band-like sheet material carries out punch process, stamps out the rotor tooth and institute in the side of the sheet material State rotor slot.

Wherein, fluted, the groove is set far from the rotor tooth and the opposite side of the rotor slot in the sheet material Center line be arranged on the central axis of the rotor tooth.

Wherein, described band-like sheet material one end is fixed on mold, and the band-like sheet material carries out spring-like winding；Winding Obtained spring-like sheet material is clamped by clamping device, and the spring-like sheet material is welded, with obtain the stator core and/ Or rotor core.

Wherein, the width ratio of the stator slot and the stator tooth is 1：0.95-0.85, the stator tooth and the rotor The width ratio of tooth is 1:1.05-0.95.

Wherein, the quantity of the stator tooth of at least three stator module and of same size, the predetermined angular are T1/N, Wherein described T1 is the angle period of the stator tooth, and the N is the quantity of at least three stator module.

A kind of wheel is provided in order to solve the above technical problems, originally returning, wheel uses In-wheel motor driving, and wheel hub motor is adopted With any one of above-described embodiment switched reluctance machines structure.

A kind of electric vehicle is provided in order to solve the above technical problems, originally returning, electric vehicle is pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, electricity Motor-car is using any one of above-described embodiment switched reluctance machines structure.

Compared with prior art, the stator core of the switched reluctance machines of the utility model and/or rotor core are by band-like Sheet material carry out continuous spring-like winding and be made, the side of the sheet material is provided with the spaced tooth and slot, therefore energy It enough avoids generating a large amount of remaining sheet material, and then reduce cost.

Description of the drawings

It in order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only the utility model Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this A little attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the switched reluctance machines of the utility model first embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the decomposition diagram of switched reluctance machines in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the three-phase switch reluctance machine of external stator internal rotor；

Fig. 4 be in Fig. 1 A phase windings around the structure diagram for being located at the first stator tooth；

Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of the first stator tooth, the second stator tooth and third stator tooth in Fig. 1；

Fig. 6 is the magnetic line of force schematic diagram that the center of rotor tooth is overlapped with the center of the first stator tooth in Fig. 1；

Fig. 7 is the structure diagram that the first stator tooth is aligned with rotor slot in Fig. 1；

Fig. 8 is the magnetic line of force schematic diagram that rotor tooth and the first stator tooth position are staggered in Fig. 1；

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the inductance curve that switched reluctance machines work normally in Fig. 1；

Figure 10 is that the rotor tooth of switched reluctance machines is equipped with the structure diagram of top rake；

Figure 11 is the circuit diagram of switch driving circuit；

Figure 12 is the sequence diagram of the operation principle of switched reluctance machines；

Figure 13 is the structure diagram of current detection circuit；

Figure 14 is the sequence diagram of the operation principle of the switched reluctance machines of the 5th embodiment of the utility model；

Figure 15 is the structure diagram of position sensor；

Figure 16 is the flow chart of the control method of the electric current of the switched reluctance machines of the utility model first embodiment；

Figure 17 is the flow chart of the manufacturing method of the iron core of the utility model first embodiment；

Figure 18 is the structure diagram of sheet material in Figure 17.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the utility model is described in further detail.It is it is emphasized that following Embodiment is merely to illustrate the utility model, but the scope of the utility model is not defined.Likewise, following embodiment is only For the utility model section Example and not all embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work Under the premise of all other embodiment for being obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Term " first " in the specification and claims of the utility model and above-mentioned attached drawing, " second ", " third " (if present)s such as " the 4 " are the objects for distinguishing similar, and specific sequence or precedence are described without being used for.It should The data that the understanding uses in this way can be interchanged in the appropriate case, so as to the utility model described herein embodiment for example It can be implemented with the sequence other than those for illustrating or describing herein.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and he Any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, contain the process of series of steps or unit, method, System, product or equipment are not necessarily limited to those steps or unit clearly listed, but may include what is do not listed clearly Or for the intrinsic other steps of these processes, method, product or equipment or unit.

As shown in Figs. 1-2, the utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment, which wraps Stator 11 and rotor 12 are included, wherein subsection setup there are at least three stator modules to stator 11 in an axial direction, and each stator module includes Along stator 11 circumferential periodically setting and the multiple stator tooths being spaced by stator slot and winding on the stator teeth around Group, i.e., multiple stator tooths are periodically set, and be spaced with multiple stator slots along the circumferential of stator 11.

For example, the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment concretely three-phase switch reluctance machine, the threephase switch magnetic Hinder the three-phase switch reluctance machine that motor can be outer rotor inner stator.As shown in Fig. 2, stator 11 is in an axial direction there are three subsection setups Stator module, respectively A phases stator module 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113.In other embodiments, Switched reluctance machines can be the three-phase switch reluctance machine 30 of external stator internal rotor, as shown in Figure 3.

As shown in Fig. 2, A phases stator module 111 include multiple first stator tooths 131, multiple first stator tooths 131 with it is multiple First stator slot 134 is spaced.As shown in figure 4, A phases stator module 111 further comprises around being located on the first stator tooth 131 A phase windings 137, when A phase windings 137 apply driving current, A phase windings 137 can generate magnetic pole, and then form magnetic field.

B phases stator module 112 includes multiple second stator tooths 132 and around the B phase winding being located on the second stator tooth 132, Multiple second stator tooths 132 are spaced with multiple second stator slots 135；C phases stator module 113 includes multiple third stator tooths 133 and around the C phase windings being located on third stator tooth 133, multiple third stator tooths 133 with multiple third stator slots 136 each other Interval.Wherein, B phase windings are around being located on the second stator tooth 132 and C phase windings are around being located on third stator tooth 133 and A phase windings 137 is identical around the structure being located on the first stator tooth 131, repeats no more.

The stator tooth of at least three stator modules is staggered predetermined angle successively along the circumferential direction of stator 11, so that rotor 12 Can on the winding of at least three stator modules is successively applied over continuous rotation under the action of magnetic field caused by driving current, Apply driving current successively on the winding of at least three stator modules, rotor 12 is under the action of magnetic field caused by winding Continuous rotation.Specifically, the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered predetermined angle successively along the circumferential direction of stator, and Three stator tooths 133 and the second stator tooth 132 are staggered predetermined angle successively along the circumferential direction of stator；When A phases stator module 111, B phases Stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113 apply driving current successively, in the magnetic field that A phase windings 137 generate, the production of B phase windings Under the action of the magnetic field that raw magnetic field and C phase windings generate, 12 continuous rotation of rotor.

The A phases stator module 111 of the present embodiment is included around the A phase windings 137 being located on the first stator tooth 131, B phase stators Component 112 is included around the B phase windings being located on the second stator tooth 132, and C phases stator module 113 is included around being located at third stator tooth C phase windings on 133, therefore each stator module is respectively provided with same phase winding, relative to determining for traditional switched reluctance machines Son setting polyphase windings, since the number of turn of the turn ratio polyphase windings of same phase winding is few, can reduce A phase windings, B phases The number of turn of winding and C phase windings, and then the copper loss of switched reluctance machines 10 is reduced, reduce cost.

Wherein, the quantity of the stator tooth of at least three stator modules and of same size, specifically, multiple first stator tooths 131 quantity, the quantity of multiple second stator tooths 132 are identical with the quantity of multiple third stator tooths 133, and the first stator tooth 131 width, the width of the second stator tooth 132 and third stator tooth 133 it is of same size.Therefore, A phases stator module 111, B The processing technology of phase stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113 is identical.

Predetermined angle can be T1/N, and wherein T1 is the electrical angle period of stator tooth, and N is the number of at least three stator modules Amount.The electrical angle period of the stator tooth is 2 π/M, and wherein M is the stator of the quantity, i.e. at least three stator module of stator tooth Tooth is mechanical angle along the angle that the circumferential direction of stator 11 is staggered successively.

As shown in figure 5, the predetermined angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered is T1/N, wherein first is fixed The angle cycle T 1 of sub- tooth 131 is 2 π/M, N 3, therefore the angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered is 2 π/3M.For example, the quantity M of the first stator tooth 131 is 6, then the preset angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered It spends for 2 π/3M=20 °.Due to being an angle period between two adjacent the first stator tooths 131, the second stator tooth 132 and first stator tooth 131 be staggered 1/3 tooth pitch, be equivalent to the electrical angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered It it is 120 °, which can be the distance of two neighboring first stator tooth 131.

In addition, the predetermined angle that 133 and second stator tooth 132 of third stator tooth is staggered is 2 π/3M, i.e. third stator tooth 133 and second stator tooth 132 be staggered 1/3 tooth pitch.The predetermined angle that first stator tooth 131 and third stator tooth 133 are staggered for 2 π/ 3M, i.e. the first stator tooth 131 and third stator tooth 133 are staggered 1/3 tooth pitch.

As shown in Fig. 2, rotor 12 includes the circumferential periodically setting along rotor 12 and is spaced by rotor slot 122 more A rotor tooth 121, i.e., multiple rotor tooths 121 are periodically set, and with multiple rotor slots 122 each other along the circumferential of rotor 12 Interval.The quantity of rotor tooth 121 is identical with the quantity of stator tooth, and the width of rotor tooth 121 is less than the width of stator slot.

The rotor 12 of this implementation, which can be used, to be wholely set, and the length of rotor 12 axially is more than or equal to 11 edge of stator Axial length, which can be length, the B phase stator packs of A phases stator module 111 axially The sum of the length axially of part 112 and C phases 113 length axially of stator module, so that rotor 12 can cover A phases Stator module 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113.

In other embodiments, subsection setup, such as rotor and A phases stator module, B phase stator packs may be used in rotor 12 It is three sections that part and C phase stator modules, which are correspondingly arranged, and the rotor tooth of three-stage rotor is axially aligned.

Wherein, the quantity of rotor tooth 121 respectively with the quantity of the first stator tooth 131, the quantity of the second stator tooth 132 and The quantity all same of three stator tooths 133, when being overlapped at the center of rotor tooth 121 with the center of the first stator tooth 131, such as Fig. 6 institutes Show.

Fig. 6 is to measure switch magnetic when 16 the first stator tooths 131 of switched reluctance machines and 16 rotor tooths 121 are aligned The magnetic line of force of motor is hindered, the magnetic field of the switched reluctance machines is represented by magnetic line of force T.Since 11 subsection setup A phases of stator are fixed Sub-component 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113, therefore magnetic line of force T, B phase winding that A phase windings 137 generate The magnetic line of force that the magnetic line of force and C phase windings of generation generate is not interfere with each other, i.e. the mutual inductance of A phase windings 137, B phase windings and C phase windings It is zero.In addition, the magnetic line of force T that A phase windings 137 generate will not tangle intersection, therefore the magnetic that every magnetic pole of A phase windings 137 generates Line of force T closed circuits are located in the pole span of the magnetic pole, i.e., the magnetic line of force T that every magnetic pole of A phase windings generates will not cross over adjacent magnetic The center line of pole, there are mutual inductances for traditional reluctance motor three-phase windings, and the electric current of energized phase, which can generate, to interact, armature-reaction it is non- It is linearly very serious, and generate and be difficult to the principle torque ripple overcome, and switched reluctance machines provided by the utility model Since each stator module is independent, the winding of each stator module is same phase winding, so there is no mutual inductance, therefore The torque ripple caused by mutual inductance is overcome from principle.Fig. 6 is please referred to, relative to determining for traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine Sub-component sets three-phase windings, and the magnetic line of force generated per magnetic pole must cross over 3 pole spans, i.e. conventional three-phase switched reluctance machines The length for the flux loop that any magnetic pole generates all is the 3 of the length of flux loop that every magnetic pole of the present embodiment generates Times, magnetic resistance is larger, and the maximum induction that winding generates is smaller, but the magnetic line of force T that every magnetic pole of the present embodiment generates is constrained on this Within the pole span of magnetic pole, magnetic resistance is small, and then the inductance that A phase windings 137 generate is big.B phase windings and C phase windings are applying driving electricity The generated magnetic line of force T circuits when applying driving current are identical with A phase windings for generated flux loop during stream, no longer superfluous It states.

Wherein, the calculation formula of the winding coefficient of switched reluctance machines is：

Wherein, the stator number of teeth Zd and rotor number of teeth Zz that traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine may be used meet：Zz/Zd Can be 4/6 or 8/6；And integral multiple 8/12,6/12,12/18,24/18,16/24 and 32/24 etc., according to above-mentioned formula It is 0.866 that winding coefficient, which can be obtained,.Namely three-phase circumferentially 120 ° of distributions due to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine, cause Winding coefficient is 0.866.And the stator number of teeth Zd and rotor number of teeth Zz of the switched reluctance machines 10 of the present embodiment are equal, according to upper It is 1 to state formula and can obtain winding coefficient.

Therefore, the switched reluctance machines 10 of the present embodiment belong to pole span for 180 ° of electrical angles it is whole away from integer slot motor, The winding system of the switched reluctance machines 10 is 1, and the winding coefficient relative to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine is 0.866, The utilization rate of the winding of the present embodiment improves 1.155 times, realizes that winding utilization maximizes, and then improve switched reluctance machines 10 efficiency and the torque of output.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of second embodiment, for the tooth socket of switched reluctance machines to be set to join Number, is described on the basis of the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment.As shown in fig. 7, the width of the present embodiment stator slot Width ratio with stator tooth is 1:0.95-0.85, the width of stator tooth and the width ratio of rotor tooth are 1:1.05-0.95.

It is illustrated by taking the first stator tooth 131 and rotor tooth 121 as an example, as shown in fig. 7, the width of the first stator slot 134 Width ratio with the first stator tooth 131 can be 1:0.95-0.85, the i.e. width of the first stator tooth 131 are less than the first stator slot 134 Width, and then ensure that the first stator slot 134 possesses enough space setting A phase windings 137.Such as：First stator slot 134 The width ratio of width and the first stator tooth 131 can be 1：0.85；The width of the width of first stator slot 134 and the first stator tooth 131 Degree is than that can be 1：0.9；The width ratio of the width of first stator slot 134 and the first stator tooth 131 can be 1：0.95.Correspondingly, The ratio of the width of two stator slots 135 and the second stator tooth 132 can be 1:0.95-0.85, the width and third of third stator slot 136 The ratio of stator tooth 133 can be 1:0.95-0.85.

The width of first stator tooth 131 is 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121:1.05-0.95.Wherein, the first stator tooth 131 width can be 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121：1, i.e. the width phase of the width of rotor tooth 121 and the first stator tooth 131 Together, the width of stator tooth and rotor tooth 121 is of same size.The width of first stator tooth 131 can with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121 It is 1：0.95, i.e. the width of rotor tooth 121 is less than the width of the first stator tooth 131；The width and rotor tooth of first stator tooth 131 121 width ratio can be 1：1.05, i.e. the width of rotor tooth 121 is more than the width of the first stator tooth 131, and rotor tooth 121 Width be less than the first stator slot 134 width.Correspondingly, the width of the second stator tooth 132 and the width ratio of rotor tooth 121 are 1:1.05-0.95, the width of third stator tooth are 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121:1.05-0.95.

The present embodiment is 1 by setting the width of stator slot and the width ratio of stator tooth:0.95-0.85, the width of stator tooth The width ratio of degree and rotor tooth is 1:1.05-0.95 enables to the inductance curve of switched reluctance machines with the position of rotor tooth Put in triangular waveform change, as shown in figure 9, and inductance curve change rate it is big.

Wherein, the air gap between rotor 12 and stator 11 can be 0.1mm~3mm, the width of stator slot and rotor tooth 121 The difference of width is 8-12 times of air gap, and the wherein width of stator slot is the width of rebate of stator slot, and the width of rotor tooth 121 is The width at 121 top of rotor tooth.That is the difference of the width of the width and rotor tooth 121 of the first stator slot 134 is the 8-12 of air gap Times, the difference of the width of the second stator slot 135 and the width of rotor tooth 121 is 8-12 times of air gap, the width of third stator slot 134 The difference of degree and the width of rotor tooth 121 is 8-12 times of air gap.

Further, the air gap between rotor 12 and stator 11 be 0.15mm~2mm, the width and rotor tooth of stator slot The difference of 121 width can be 10 times of air gap, i.e. the width of stator slot is bigger 1.5mm-20mm than the width of rotor tooth 121.Its In, the width of the width of the first stator slot 134, the width of the second stator slot 135 and third stator slot 134 is than rotor tooth 121 The big 1.5mm-20mm of width.

The revealed air gap of this implementation can be 1mm, and the width of stator slot is bigger 10mm than the width of rotor tooth 121 at this time.

Air gap between the rotor 12 of the present embodiment and stator 11 can be 0.1mm~3mm, the width and rotor tooth of stator slot The difference of 121 width is 8-12 times of air gap, in rotor tooth 121 and stator slot face, rotor crown and stator crown Gap is larger, such as during 121 and first 134 face of stator slot of rotor tooth, the crown of rotor tooth 121 and the first stator tooth 131 The gap of crown is larger, as shown in Figure 7.Therefore magnetic resistance is larger so that the minimum inductance that A phase windings generate is smaller, so as to improve The output torques of switched reluctance machines.

Please with further reference to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is in 16 the first stator tooths 131 of switched reluctance machines and 16 rotor tooths 121 The magnetic line of force of switched reluctance machines is measured when position is staggered, the first stator slot 134 is not yet perfectly aligned with rotor tooth 121 at this time, Since the gap between the first stator slot 134 and rotor tooth 121 is larger, for example, the first stator slot 134 width than rotor tooth 121 The big 10mm of width.Since magnetic line of force T will not tangle intersection, and in the squeezing action by the adjacent magnetic line of force, the magnetic force Line T can only form closed circuit by the gap between current first stator slot 134 and rotor tooth 121, and the gap is very big, Therefore magnetic resistance is big, causes the inductance that A phase windings 137 generate small.When the first stator slot 134 is perfectly aligned with rotor tooth 121, nothing Method detects magnetic line of force T.

For the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment in normal work, the inductance curve of A phase stator modules was as shown in figure 9, should Inductance curve changes in triangular waveform.It is overlapped at the center of rotor tooth 121 with the center of the first stator slot 134, i.e., corresponding to During one electrical angle a1, the inductance that A phase windings generate is minimum；At the center of rotor tooth 121 and the center of the first stator tooth 131 weight Close, i.e., corresponding to the second electrical angle a2 when, the inductance that A phase windings generate is maximum, and inductance ratio can reach 21.25, and traditional The inductance ratio of three-phase switch reluctance machine can only achieve 2.5-4.5 or so.Due to the output torque of switched reluctance machinesInductance is than high meaningGreatly, the output torque of motor with regard to it is big namely improve motor power it is close Degree.

The quantity of the stator tooth of the present embodiment can be odd number, i.e. the sum of the first stator tooth 131 and the first stator slot 134 is 2N, wherein N are natural number.Therefore the quantity of the first stator tooth 131 and the quantity of the first stator slot 134 can be odd number, can The natural resonance of slot ripples is avoided, such as the quantity of the first stator tooth 131 is 3, the quantity of the first stator slot 134 is 3.It compares The quantity of the stator tooth of Conventional switched reluctance motor is even number, and the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment can turn according to different Fast and different torques select the quantity of the first stator tooth 131 and the quantity of the first stator slot 134, can adapt to different occasions, Improve the practicability of switched reluctance machines.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of 3rd embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of second embodiment On the basis of be described.As shown in Figure 10, the crown of the rotor tooth 121 in the present embodiment is provided with a top rake 123, top rake 123 Can be arc top rake, the depth D of the top rake 123 is less than 0.8mm, and the length L of top rake 123 is less than the width of rotor tooth 121；Tool Body, the length L of top rake 123 is less than the 1/3 of the width of rotor tooth 121, can significantly reduce the noise of motor.In other realities It applies in example, the crown of rotor tooth 121 may be arranged as chamfering, and the wherein radius of chamfering is less than 1mm.

First stator tooth 131 of the present embodiment, the crown structure of the second stator tooth 132 and third stator tooth and above-mentioned rotor The crown structure of tooth 121 is identical, repeats no more.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment On the basis of be described.As shown in figure 11, switched reluctance machines further comprise switch driving circuit 21, switch driving circuit 21 On the winding for connecting DC power supply Us and at least three stator modules, i.e., switch driving circuit 21 connect DC power supply Us, A phase around On group, B phase windings and C phase windings.

Switch driving circuit 21 is for periodically successively in the driving stage phase winding corresponding at least three stator modules Upper application driving current, the phase of the driving period of at least three stator modules offsets one from another, i.e., in A phases stator module 111 Driving stage, switch driving circuit 21 apply driving current in A phases stator module 111；In the driving rank of B phases stator module 112 Section, switch driving circuit 21 apply driving current in B phases stator module 112；In the driving stage of C phases stator module 113, switch Driving circuit 21 applies driving current in C phases stator module 113.Correspondingly, A phases stator module 111,112 and of B phases stator module The phase of the driving period of C phases stator module 113 offsets one from another.

Wherein, switch driving circuit 21 is further in the corresponding driving period subsequent afterflow of at least three stator modules The energy stored on the winding of section at least three stator modules of release, to form freewheel current.I.e. in A phases stator module 111 The period subsequent afterflow period is driven, switch driving circuit 21 is used to discharge the energy stored on A phase windings, forms A phase windings Freewheel current；In the driving period of the B phases stator module 112 subsequent afterflow period, switch driving circuit 21 is used to discharge B phases The energy stored on winding forms the freewheel current of B phase windings；In the subsequent afterflow of the driving period of C phases stator module 113 Section, switch driving circuit 21 are used to discharge the energy stored on C phase windings, form the freewheel current of C phase windings.

Switch driving circuit 21 includes controller 23 and corresponding at least three stator modules at least three opens respectively Module is closed, each switch module respectively includes first switch pipe, two pole of second switch pipe, the first fly-wheel diode and the second afterflow The second connection end connection of the anode, first switch pipe of the first connecting pin connection power supply of pipe, wherein first switch pipe is corresponding The first end of the winding of stator module, the first connecting pin of second switch pipe connect the second of the winding of corresponding stator module End, the cathode of the second connection end connection power supply of second switch pipe, the anode of the first fly-wheel diode connect corresponding stator pack The second end of the winding of part, the anode of the cathode connection power supply of the first fly-wheel diode, the anode connection of the second fly-wheel diode The cathode of power supply, the cathode of the second fly-wheel diode connect the first end of the winding of corresponding stator module.Wherein, first switch Pipe and second switch pipe are connected with the windings in series of corresponding stator module.

Specifically, switch driving circuit 21 include controller 23, with 111 corresponding first switch module of A phases stator module 24th, with 112 corresponding second switch module 25 of B phases stator module and with 113 corresponding third switch module of C phases stator module 26.First switch module 24 includes first switch pipe V1, two pole of second switch pipe V2, the first sustained diode 1 and the second afterflow Pipe D2, second switch module 25 include first switch pipe V3, second switch pipe V4, the first sustained diode 3 and the second afterflow two Pole pipe D4, third switch module 26 include first switch pipe V5, second switch pipe V6, the first sustained diode 5 and the second afterflow Diode D6.

Wherein, the phase difference of the driving period corresponding at least three stator modules is 2 π/N, and wherein N is fixed at least three The quantity of sub-component.A phases stator module 111 driving the period and B phases stator module 112 driving the period phase difference for 2 π/ The phase difference of 3, i.e. 120 ° of electrical angle, the driving period of B phases stator module 112 and the driving period of C phases stator module 113 are electricity 120 ° of angle.

As shown in figure 12, the driving period of the present embodiment A phases stator module 111 be 0 ° -120 ° of electrical angle, A phase stator packs The afterflow period of part 111 is 120 ° -180 ° of electrical angle；The driving period of B phases stator module 112 be 120 ° -240 ° of electrical angle, B The afterflow period of phase stator module 112 is 240 ° -300 ° of electrical angle；The driving period of C phases stator module 113 is electrical angle 240 ° -360 °, the afterflow period of C phases stator module 113 is 360 ° -420 ° of electrical angle.Wherein, the afterflow period of each stator module Least partially overlapped, i.e. afterflow period of A phases stator module 111 with the phase of the driving period of next driven stator module It is 120 ° -180 ° to partly overlap with the phase of the driving period of B phases stator module 112, the afterflow period of B phases stator module 112 It is 240 ° -300 ° to partly overlap with the phase of the driving period of C phases stator module 113.

In the driving period, controller 23 controls first switch pipe and second switch pipe intermittent simultaneously with pulse width modulation mode Thus conducting adjusts the size of driving current.The pulse width modulation mode can be PWM (Pulse Width Modulation, pulse Width modulated) signal, in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, controller 23 controls first to open simultaneously by pwm signal Pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 is closed to be switched on or off.Controller 23 sends pwm signal in the inductance minimum that A phase windings generate To first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2；When first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are simultaneously turned on, DC power supply Us applies driving current in A phases stator module 111；When first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are simultaneously closed off, direct current Source Us stops at A phases stator module 111 and applies driving current, and driving current can be avoided excessive.Controller 23 is produced in A phase windings Stop sending pwm signal during raw inductance maximum and close to first switch pipe V1, first switch pipe V1, A phases stator module 111 into Enter the afterflow period.In other embodiment, sine wave signal may be used in pulse width modulation mode.

In the afterflow period, controller 23 controls first switch pipe continuously off, and is opened with pulse width modulation mode control second Pipe intermittent conduction is closed, thus adjusts the size of freewheel current.In the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111, controller 23 can DC power supply Us to be controlled to be stopped, A phase windings, second switch V2 and the second sustained diode 2 are formed into a loop, and then release Put the energy stored on A phase windings.Controller 23 by pwm signal control second switch pipe intermittent conduction, with adjust A phases around The size of the freewheel current of group.

As shown in figure 13, switched reluctance machines further comprise the current detection circuit being connect with switch driving circuit 21 27, for the current detection circuit 27 for detecting the electric current summation for the winding for flowing through at least three stator modules, i.e. current detecting is electric Road 27 flows through the electric current summation of A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings for detecting, and electric current summation is i=ia+ib+ic, ia To flow through the electric current of A phase windings, ib is the electric current for flowing through B phase windings, and ic is the electric current for flowing through C phase windings.

Current detection circuit 27 includes annular core 271 and magnetic field sensor 272 with an opening, and at least three is fixed For the winding of sub-component rotating around being located on annular core 271, magnetic field sensor 272 is set to the opening of annular core 271.Its In, annular core 271 can be C-shaped iron core, A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings rotating around being located on annular core 271, Coil L1, coil L2 and coil L3 are formed on annular core 271 respectively.The winding of each stator module is in annular core The number of turn of winding is identical on 271, i.e., the number of turn of coil L1, the number of turn of coil L2 are identical with the number of turn of coil L3.Wherein, magnetic field passes Sensor 272 can be linear Hall current sensor.The switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment only need a magnetic field sensor 272 to examine Electric current summation of the flow measurement through A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings, therefore number of sensors is reduced, reduce switching magnetic-resistance electricity The cost of machine.In other embodiments, current detection circuit 27 could be provided as using magnetic balancing current sensor.

The electric current summation i that switch driving circuit 21 is detected according to current detection circuit 27 is respectively to the driving of each winding electricity Stream and freewheel current are controlled, so that electric current summation keeps preset range.Specifically, switch driving circuit 21 is according to electric current Summation the i driving current to A phase windings and freewheel current, the driving current of B phase windings and freewheel current, C phase windings respectively Driving current and freewheel current are controlled, so that electric current summation i keeps stablizing.

In the afterflow period of A windings, the electric current summation i that controller 23 is detected according to current detection circuit 27 passes through PWM Signal controls first switch pipe V3 and second switch pipe V4 to be switched on or off simultaneously, with DC power supply Us in B phase stator modules 112 apply driving current, and electric current summation i keeps stablizing, as shown in figure 12.

B windings are driving the work of the operation principle of period and afterflow period and C windings in driving period and afterflow period Principle is identical in the operation principle of driving period and afterflow period with A windings, repeats no more.

The electric current summation i that the switch driving circuit 21 of the present embodiment is detected according to current detection circuit 27 respectively to respectively around The driving current and freewheel current of group are controlled, so that electric current summation keeps preset range, therefore the switch magnetic of this implementation Hindering motor has the characteristic of servo motor；Since the output torque of switched reluctance machines is stablized, and then reduce switched reluctance machines Torque fluctuations and noise.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of the 5th embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment The difference lies in：As shown in figure 14, controller 23 controls first switch constant conduction, and with pulse width modulation mode control the Thus two switching tube intermittent conductions adjust the size of driving current.I.e. in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, control Device 23 controls first switch V1 constant conductions, and second switch pipe V2 intermittent conductions are controlled by pwm signal.

The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of sixth embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment On the basis of be described：As shown in figure 15, switched reluctance machines further comprise that the position being connect with switch driving circuit 21 passes Sensor 28, position sensor 28 are used to measure the relative position in switched reluctance machines 10 between rotor 12 and stator 11, so that It obtains switch driving circuit 21 and energized state, i.e. switch driving circuit 21 is changed according to the relative position between rotor 12 and stator 11 Energized state is changed according to the maximum induction of each stator module and minimum inductance, is worked with driving switch reluctance motor.Wherein, Position sensor 28 includes magnetic coder or optical encoder.

The utility model provides the control method of the electric current of the switched reluctance machines of an embodiment, the controlling party of the present embodiment Method is described on the basis of the revealed switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment.As shown in figure 16, which includes：

S161：In the driving period, first switch pipe and second switch pipe intermittent conduction are controlled by controller 23 simultaneously； Or control first switch pipe constant conduction, and second switch pipe intermittent conduction is controlled, to adjust the driving current of winding Size；

S162：It in the afterflow period, controls first switch pipe continuously off by controller 23, and controls between second switch pipe Having a rest property is connected, to adjust the size of the freewheel current of winding；

S163：Driving current and freewheel current are controlled according to electric current summation i, so that electric current summation i keeps preset range.

In step S161, further pass through the driving period corresponding at least three stator modules of control of controller 23 Phase difference is 2 π/N, and wherein N is the quantity of at least three stator modules.I.e. the driving period of A phases stator module 111 is fixed with B phases The phase difference of the driving period of sub-component 112 is 2 π/3, i.e. 120 ° of electrical angle, the driving period of B phases stator module 112 and C phases The phase difference of the driving period of stator module 113 is 120 ° of electrical angle.

Pass through the afterflow period of the control stator module of controller 23 and the driving period of next driven stator module Phase is least partially overlapped, wherein the phase of the afterflow period of stator module and the driving period of next driven stator module Least partially overlapped is π/N.That is the phase of the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111 and the driving period of B phases stator module 112 It is 120 ° -180 ° to partly overlap, the phase of the afterflow period of B phases stator module 112 and the driving period of C phases stator module 113 It is 240 ° -300 ° to partly overlap, as shown in figure 12.

Wherein, it in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, is controlled simultaneously with pulse width modulation mode by controller 23 First switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are switched on or off.It is i.e. minimum in the inductance that A phase windings generate by controller 23 When send pwm signal to first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2；It is led simultaneously in first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 When logical, DC power supply Us applies driving current in A phases stator module 111；In first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 simultaneously During closing, DC power supply Us stops at A phases stator module 111 and applies driving current, and driving current can be avoided excessive.

Stop in the inductance maximum that A phase windings generate sending pwm signal by controller 23 to first switch pipe V1, the One switching tube V1 is closed, and A phases stator module 111 enters the afterflow period, enters step S162.

In step S162, in the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111, DC power supply Us is controlled by controller 23 It is stopped, and controls first switch pipe V1 continuously off, and is intermittent with pulse width modulation mode control second switch pipe V2 Conducting so that A phase windings, second switch V2 and the second sustained diode 2 are formed into a loop, and then discharges what is stored on A phase windings Energy, to adjust the size of the freewheel current of A phase windings.

Meanwhile the first switch pipe V3 and second switch pipe V4 of B windings is controlled to be switched on or off by controller 23, with DC power supply Us applies driving current in B phases stator module 112, wherein, B windings are controlled by the control mode of step S161 First switch pipe V3 and second switch pipe V4, details are not described herein.

In step S163, by switch driving circuit 21 from the acquisition electric current summation i of current detection circuit 27, and according to Electric current summation i controls driving current and freewheel current, so that electric current summation i keeps preset range.Wherein control driving current Step S161 can be used in method, and step S162 can be used in the method for controlling freewheel current.

The pulse width modulation mode of the present embodiment can be square wave pulse width modulation or Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation.Wherein, it is above-mentioned The pwm signal of embodiment is modulated for square wave pulse width.

In the utility model, the inductance that A phase windings generate is minimum, concretely 121 and first stator slot 134 of rotor tooth When perfectly aligned；The inductance that A phase windings generate is maximum, when concretely 121 and first stator tooth 131 of rotor tooth is perfectly aligned.

The present embodiment is since previous phase is in the afterflow period, and mutually in the driving period, i.e. A phase windings are entering the afterflow period for conducting When, B phase windings are entering the driving period；The sum of the freewheel current of A phases and the driving current of B phases are kept constant, therefore switch magnetic The current fluctuation for hindering motor is small, i.e. the electric current summation fluctuation of switched reluctance machines is small, and then the fluctuation of torque is small.Due to previous phase Freewheel current it is larger, and the driving current that phase is connected is smaller, i.e. the freewheel current of A phases is larger, and the driving current of B phases is smaller； Therefore magnetic field intensity caused by the winding of conducting phase is weak, i.e., magnetic field intensity caused by B phase windings is weak, and then reduces noise.

Further, the utility model provides the manufacturing method of the iron core of first embodiment, as shown in figure 17, the manufacturer Method is used to manufacture the stator core and/or rotor core of the switched reluctance machines of above-described embodiment, specifically includes following steps：

S171：Band-like sheet material is provided, the side of sheet material is provided with spaced tooth and slot；

As shown in figure 18, band-like sheet material 180 can be sheet, and the material of the sheet material 180 can be silicon steel sheet.At other In embodiment, the material of the sheet material 180 could be provided as other materials, such as the material of sheet material 180 can be iron-nickel alloy.

The side of band-like sheet material 180 is provided with spaced tooth 181 and slot 182.Specifically, by band-like sheet material 180 carry out punch process, so that the side of sheet material 180 stamps out stator tooth and stator slot, the stator tooth and stator slot are above-mentioned The revealed stator tooth of embodiment and stator slot.By taking A phases stator module 111 as an example, band-like sheet material 180 is subjected to punching press and is added Work, so that the side of sheet material 180 stamps out the first stator tooth 131 and the first stator slot 134, i.e. it is fixed can be processed into first for tooth 181 Sub- tooth 131, slot 182 can be processed into the first stator slot 134.

Band-like sheet material 180 is carried out punch process to further comprise：It is another far from stator tooth and stator slot in sheet material 180 Side setting processes groove 183, and the center line of groove 183 is arranged on the central axis of stator tooth (i.e. tooth 181).Specifically Ground processes groove 183, groove 183 in sheet material 180 far from the setting of the opposite side of the first stator tooth 131 and the first stator slot 134 Center line be arranged on the central axis of the first stator tooth 131, can avoid influence A phase windings caused by the magnetic line of force.

Further, band-like sheet material 180 is subjected to punch process, so that the side of sheet material 180 stamps out rotor tooth and turns Pilot trench, the rotor tooth and rotor slot are the revealed rotor tooth of above-described embodiment and rotor slot.Also, sheet material 180 far from turn Sub- tooth and the setting of the opposite side of rotor slot process groove 183, and the center line of groove 183 is arranged on the central axis of rotor tooth On.

S172：Continuous spring-like winding is carried out to band-like sheet material, with formed the stator core of switched reluctance machines and/or Rotor core；

Wherein, sheet material 180 processes groove 183 far from the setting of the opposite side of stator tooth and stator slot in step S171, Sheet material 180 can be reduced and carrying out stress caused by continuous spring-like winding.

Wherein, continuous spring-like winding is carried out concretely to band-like sheet material 180：Band-like 180 one end of sheet material is consolidated It is scheduled on mold, band-like sheet material 180 is subjected to spring-like winding.

After continuous spring-like winding is carried out to band-like sheet material 180, further winding is obtained using clamping device Spring-like sheet material 180 clamp, spring-like sheet material 180 is welded, obtains stator core and/or rotor core.Wherein, it is right Multiple spring-like sheet materials 180 carry out laser weldings or argon arc welding, for example, to the grooves 183 of multiple spring-like sheet materials 180 into Row welding, and then form firm stator core and/or rotor core.

The clamping device can be cramp, be clamped the spring-like sheet material 180 that winding obtains using the cramp.

This implementation to band-like sheet material by carrying out continuous spring-like winding, to form the stator core of switched reluctance machines And/or rotor core, the side of the sheet material 180 are provided with spaced tooth 181 and slot 182, are rushed without in silicon steel sheet Pressure can avoid generating a large amount of remaining sheet material, and then reduce cost, and can realize automated production.

As shown in figure 18, the stator core and/or rotor core of the revealed switched reluctance machines of above-described embodiment It is made with carrying out continuous spring-like winding by band-like sheet material 180, the side of the sheet material 180 is provided with the spaced tooth 181 and slot 182.Wherein, band-like sheet material 180 carries out punch process, stamps out stator tooth and stator in the side of sheet material 180 Slot；In sheet material 180 far from the opposite side of stator tooth and stator slot setting fluted 183, the center line of groove 183 is arranged on stator On the central axis of tooth；Or band-like sheet material 180 carries out punch process, and rotor tooth is stamped out in the side of sheet material 180 and is turned Pilot trench；In sheet material 180 far from rotor tooth and the opposite side of rotor slot setting fluted 183, the center line of groove 183, which is arranged on, to be turned On the central axis of sub- tooth.

Band-like 180 one end of sheet material is fixed on mold, and band-like sheet material 180 carries out spring-like winding；What winding obtained Spring-like sheet material 180 is clamped by clamping device, and spring-like sheet material 180 is welded, to obtain stator core and/or rotor iron Core.Wherein, stator core and/or rotor core are made of manufacturing method disclosed in above-described embodiment, and details are not described herein.

The utility model also provides a kind of wheel, which is driven using switched reluctance machines, and the switched reluctance machines For the switched reluctance machines as described in preceding embodiment.

Preferably, which can include hub-type switched reluctance machines, i.e., driven using hub-type switched reluctance machines, The hub-type switched reluctance machines are the electric machine structure of outer rotor inner stator.

Further, the utility model also provides a kind of electric vehicle, which can be electric vehicle, battery-operated motor cycle Or electric bicycle etc..The electric vehicle is pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, and the wheel of the electric vehicle uses switched reluctance machines Driving, the switched reluctance machines are also the switched reluctance machines as described in preceding embodiment.Preferably, the driving wheel of the electric vehicle The car wheel structure in above-described embodiment can be used, i.e. wheel includes hub-type switched reluctance machines, utilizes hub-type switching magnetic-resistance Motor drives vehicle wheel rotation.

It should be noted that the application scenarios for the switched reluctance machines that the utility model embodiment provides are not limited to electronic vapour Vehicle is also used as the drivings motor such as ship, big machinery.

It should be noted that the above various embodiments belongs to same utility model design, the description of each embodiment respectively has side Weight, not detailed part, can refer to the description in other embodiment described in separate embodiment.

The switched reluctance machines and electric vehicle and wheel provided above to the utility model embodiment have carried out detailed Jie It continues, specific case used herein is expounded the principle and embodiment of the utility model, and above example is said The bright method and its core concept for being merely used to help understand the utility model；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, According to the thought of the utility model, there will be changes in specific embodiments and applications, in conclusion this explanation Book content should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of switched reluctance machines, which is characterized in that the switched reluctance machines include stator and rotor, wherein described fixed Subsection setup has at least three stator modules to son in an axial direction, and each stator module respectively includes the circumferential week along the stator The setting of phase property and the multiple stator tooths being spaced by stator slot and the winding being set around on the stator tooth, described at least three The circumferential direction of the stator tooth of a stator module along the stator is staggered predetermined angular successively, in each stator module it is described around Group is same phase winding, and the rotor includes the circumferential periodically setting along the rotor and is spaced by rotor slot multiple Rotor tooth, wherein the stator core and/or rotor core of the switched reluctance machines carry out continuous spring-like by band-like sheet material Winding is made, and the side of the sheet material is provided with the spaced tooth and slot.

2. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the band-like sheet material carries out punch process, Stamp out the stator tooth and the stator slot in the side of the sheet material.

3. switched reluctance machines according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the sheet material far from the stator tooth and institute The opposite side setting for stating stator slot is fluted, and the center line of the groove is arranged on the central axis of the stator tooth.

4. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the band-like sheet material carries out punch process, Stamp out the rotor tooth and the rotor slot in the side of the sheet material.

5. switched reluctance machines according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the sheet material far from the rotor tooth and institute The opposite side setting for stating rotor slot is fluted, and the center line of the groove is arranged on the central axis of the rotor tooth.

6. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described band-like sheet material one end is fixed on mold On, the band-like sheet material carries out spring-like winding；It winds obtained spring-like sheet material to clamp by clamping device, the spring Shape sheet material is welded, to obtain the stator core and/or rotor core.

7. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the width of the stator slot and the stator tooth Than being 1：The width ratio of 0.95-0.85, the stator tooth and the rotor tooth is 1:1.05-0.95.

8. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stator tooth of at least three stator module Quantity and of same size, the predetermined angular is T1/N, wherein the T1 is the angle period of the stator tooth, the N is The quantity of at least three stator module.

9. a kind of wheel, which is characterized in that the wheel uses In-wheel motor driving, and the wheel hub motor is claim 1-8 Any one of them switched reluctance machines.

10. a kind of electric vehicle, which is characterized in that the electric vehicle is pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle is included such as Claim 1-8 any one of them switched reluctance machines.