Specific implementation mode
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the utility model is described in further detail.It is emphasized that following
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the utility model, but is not defined to the scope of the utility model.Likewise, following embodiment is only
For the utility model section Example and not all embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work
Under the premise of all other embodiment for being obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Term " first " in the specification and claims of the utility model and above-mentioned attached drawing, " second ", " third "
(if present)s such as " the 4 " are for distinguishing similar object, without being used to describe specific sequence or precedence.It answers
The data that the understanding uses in this way can be interchanged in the appropriate case, for example so as to the embodiments of the present invention described herein
It can be implemented with the sequence other than those of illustrating or describing herein.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and he
Any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, contain the process of series of steps or unit, method,
System, product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to clearly to list step or unit, but may include not listing clearly
Or for the intrinsic other steps of these processes, method, product or equipment or unit.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, the utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment, the switched reluctance machines 10 packet
Include stator 11 and rotor 12, wherein subsection setup has at least three stator modules, each stator module to include to stator 11 in an axial direction
Along stator 11 circumferential periodically setting and the multiple stator tooths being spaced by stator slot and winding on the stator teeth around
Group, i.e., multiple stator tooths are periodically arranged along the circumferential of stator 11, and are spaced with multiple stator slots.
For example, the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment concretely three-phase switch reluctance machine, the threephase switch magnetic
Hinder the three-phase switch reluctance machine that motor can be outer rotor inner stator.As shown in Fig. 2, stator 11 is in an axial direction there are three subsection setups
Stator module, respectively A phases stator module 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113.In other embodiments,
Switched reluctance machines can be the three-phase switch reluctance machine 30 of external stator internal rotor, as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Fig. 2, A phases stator module 111 include multiple first stator tooths 131, multiple first stator tooths 131 with it is multiple
First stator slot 134 is spaced.As shown in figure 4, A phases stator module 111 further comprises around being located on the first stator tooth 131
A phase windings 137, when A phase windings 137 apply driving current, A phase windings 137 will produce magnetic pole, and then form magnetic field.
B phases stator module 112 includes multiple second stator tooths 132 and around the B phase windings being located on the second stator tooth 132,
Multiple second stator tooths 132 are spaced with multiple second stator slots 135;C phases stator module 113 includes multiple third stator tooths
133 and around the C phase windings being located on third stator tooth 133, multiple third stator tooths 133 with multiple third stator slots 136 each other
Interval.Wherein, B phase windings are around being located on the second stator tooth 132 and C phase windings are around being located on third stator tooth 133 and A phase windings
137 is identical around the structure being located on the first stator tooth 131, repeats no more.
The stator tooth of at least three stator modules staggers successively predetermined angle along the circumferential direction of stator 11, so that rotor 12
Continuous rotation under the action of magnetic field caused by driving current on the winding for being successively applied at least three stator modules,
Apply driving current successively on the winding of at least three stator modules, rotor 12 is caused by winding under the action of magnetic field
Continuous rotation.Specifically, the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 stagger successively predetermined angle along the circumferential direction of stator, the
Three stator tooths 133 and the second stator tooth 132 stagger successively predetermined angle along the circumferential direction of stator;When A phases stator module 111, B phases
Stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113 apply driving current successively, in the magnetic field that A phase windings 137 generate, the production of B phase windings
Under the action of the magnetic field that raw magnetic field and C phase windings generate, 12 continuous rotation of rotor.
The A phases stator module 111 of the present embodiment includes around the A phase windings 137 being located on the first stator tooth 131, B phase stators
Component 112 includes around the B phase windings being located on the second stator tooth 132, and C phases stator module 113 includes around being located at third stator tooth
C phase windings on 133, therefore each stator module is respectively provided with same phase winding, relative to determining for traditional switched reluctance machines
Son setting polyphase windings can reduce A phase windings, B phases since the number of turns of the turn ratio polyphase windings of same phase winding is few
The number of turns of winding and C phase windings, and then the copper loss of switched reluctance machines 10 is reduced, reduce cost.
Wherein, the quantity of the stator tooth of at least three stator modules and of same size, specifically, multiple first stator tooths
131 quantity, the quantity of multiple second stator tooths 132 are identical with the quantity of multiple third stator tooths 133, and the first stator tooth
131 width, the width of the second stator tooth 132 and third stator tooth 133 it is of same size.Therefore, A phases stator module 111, B
The processing technology of phase stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113 is identical.
Predetermined angle can be T1/N, and wherein T1 is the electrical angle period of stator tooth, and N is the number of at least three stator modules
Amount.The electrical angle period of the stator tooth is 2 π/M, and wherein M is the quantity of stator tooth, the i.e. stator of at least three stator module
Tooth is mechanical angle along the angle that the circumferential direction of stator 11 staggers successively.
As shown in figure 5, the predetermined angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered is T1/N, wherein first is fixed
The angle cycle T 1 of sub- tooth 131 is 2 π/M, N 3, therefore the angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered is 2
π/3M.For example, the quantity M of the first stator tooth 131 is 6, then the preset angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered
Degree is 2 π/3M=20 °.Due to being an angle period, the second stator tooth between two adjacent the first stator tooths 131
132 and first stator tooth 131 be staggered 1/3 tooth pitch, be equivalent to the electrical angle that the second stator tooth 132 and the first stator tooth 131 are staggered
It it is 120 °, which can be the distance of two neighboring first stator tooth 131.
In addition, the predetermined angle that third stator tooth 133 and the second stator tooth 132 are staggered is 2 π/3M, i.e. third stator tooth
133 and second stator tooth 132 be staggered 1/3 tooth pitch.The predetermined angle that first stator tooth 131 and third stator tooth 133 are staggered be 2 π/
3M, i.e. the first stator tooth 131 and third stator tooth 133 are staggered 1/3 tooth pitch.
As shown in Fig. 2, rotor 12 includes the circumferential periodically setting along rotor 12 and is spaced by rotor slot 122 more
A rotor tooth 121, i.e., multiple rotor tooths 121 are periodically arranged along the circumferential of rotor 12, and each other with multiple rotor slots 122
Interval.The quantity of rotor tooth 121 is identical as the quantity of stator tooth, and the width of rotor tooth 121 is less than the width of stator slot.
The rotor 12 of this implementation, which can be used, to be wholely set, and the length of rotor 12 axially is more than or equal to 11 edge of stator
Axial length, which can be length, the B phase stator packs of A phases stator module 111 axially
The sum of the length of length and C phases stator module 113 axially of part 112 axially, so that rotor 12 can cover A phases
Stator module 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113.
In other embodiments, subsection setup, such as rotor and A phases stator module, B phase stator packs may be used in rotor 12
It is three sections that part and C phase stator modules, which are correspondingly arranged, and the rotor tooth of three-stage rotor is axially aligned.
Wherein, the quantity of rotor tooth 121 respectively with the quantity of the first stator tooth 131, the quantity of the second stator tooth 132 and
The quantity all same of three stator tooths 133, when the center of rotor tooth 121 is overlapped with the center of the first stator tooth 131, such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show.
Fig. 6 is to measure switch magnetic when 16 the first stator tooths 131 of switched reluctance machines and 16 rotor tooths 121 are aligned
The magnetic line of force of motor is hindered, the magnetic field of the switched reluctance machines is indicated by magnetic line of force T.Since 11 subsection setup A phases of stator are fixed
Sub-component 111, B phases stator module 112 and C phases stator module 113, therefore magnetic line of force T, B phase winding that A phase windings 137 generate
The magnetic line of force that the magnetic line of force and C phase windings of generation generate is not interfere with each other, i.e. the mutual inductance of A phase windings 137, B phase windings and C phase windings
It is zero.In addition, the magnetic line of force T that A phase windings 137 generate will not tangle intersection, therefore the magnetic that every magnetic pole of A phase windings 137 generates
Line of force T closed circuits are located in the pole span of the magnetic pole, i.e., the magnetic line of force T that every magnetic pole of A phase windings generates will not cross over adjacent magnetic
The center line of pole, there are mutual inductance, the electric current of energized phase will produce to interact traditional reluctance motor three-phase windings, armature-reaction it is non-
It is linearly very serious, and the principle torque ripple for being difficult to overcome is generated, and switched reluctance machines provided by the utility model
Since each stator module is independent, the winding of each stator module is same phase winding, so mutual inductance is not present, therefore
The torque ripple caused by mutual inductance is overcome from principle.Referring to FIG. 6, determining relative to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine
Three-phase windings are arranged in sub-component, and the magnetic line of force generated per magnetic pole must cross over 3 pole spans, i.e. conventional three-phase switched reluctance machines
The length for the flux loop that any magnetic pole generates all is the 3 of the length for the flux loop that every magnetic pole of the present embodiment generates
Times, magnetic resistance is larger, and the maximum induction that winding generates is smaller, but the magnetic line of force T that every magnetic pole of the present embodiment generates is constrained on this
Within the pole span of magnetic pole, magnetic resistance is small, and then the inductance that A phase windings 137 generate is big.B phase windings and C phase windings are applying driving electricity
The circuits generated magnetic line of force T when applying driving current are identical with A phase windings for generated flux loop when stream, no longer superfluous
It states.
Wherein, the calculation formula of the winding coefficient of switched reluctance machines is:
Wherein, the stator number of teeth Zd and rotor number of teeth Zz that traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine may be used meet:Zz/Zd
Can be 4/6 or 8/6;And integral multiple 8/12,6/12,12/18,24/18,16/24 and 32/24 etc., according to above-mentioned formula
It is 0.866 that winding coefficient, which can be obtained,.Namely three-phase circumferentially 120 ° of distributions due to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine, cause
Winding coefficient is 0.866.And the stator number of teeth Zd and rotor number of teeth Zz of the switched reluctance machines 10 of the present embodiment are equal, according to upper
It is 1 to state formula and can obtain winding coefficient.
Therefore, the switched reluctance machines 10 of the present embodiment belong to pole span be 180 ° of electrical angles it is whole away from integer slot motor,
The winding system of the switched reluctance machines 10 is 1, and the winding coefficient relative to traditional three-phase switch reluctance machine is 0.866,
The utilization rate of the winding of the present embodiment improves 1.155 times, realizes that winding utilization maximizes, and then improve switched reluctance machines
10 efficiency and the torque of output.
The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of second embodiment, and the tooth socket for switched reluctance machines to be arranged is joined
Number, is described on the basis of the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment.As shown in fig. 7, the width of the present embodiment stator slot
Width ratio with stator tooth is 1:0.95-0.85, the width of stator tooth and the width ratio of rotor tooth are 1:1.05-0.95.
It is illustrated by taking the first stator tooth 131 and rotor tooth 121 as an example, as shown in fig. 7, the width of the first stator slot 134
Width ratio with the first stator tooth 131 can be 1:0.95-0.85, the i.e. width of the first stator tooth 131 are less than the first stator slot 134
Width, and then ensure that the first stator slot 134 possesses enough space setting A phase windings 137.Such as:First stator slot 134
The width ratio of width and the first stator tooth 131 can be 1:0.85;The width of the width of first stator slot 134 and the first stator tooth 131
Degree is than that can be 1:0.9;The width ratio of the width of first stator slot 134 and the first stator tooth 131 can be 1:0.95.Correspondingly,
The ratio of the width of two stator slots 135 and the second stator tooth 132 can be 1:0.95-0.85, the width and third of third stator slot 136
The ratio of stator tooth 133 can be 1:0.95-0.85.
The width of first stator tooth 131 is 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121:1.05-0.95.Wherein, the first stator tooth
131 width can be 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121:1, i.e. the width phase of the width of rotor tooth 121 and the first stator tooth 131
Together, the width of stator tooth and rotor tooth 121 is of same size.The width of first stator tooth 131 can with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121
It is 1:0.95, i.e. the width of rotor tooth 121 is less than the width of the first stator tooth 131;The width and rotor tooth of first stator tooth 131
121 width ratio can be 1:1.05, i.e. the width of rotor tooth 121 is more than the width of the first stator tooth 131, and rotor tooth 121
Width be less than the first stator slot 134 width.Correspondingly, the width of the second stator tooth 132 and the width ratio of rotor tooth 121 are
1:1.05-0.95, the width of third stator tooth are 1 with the width ratio of rotor tooth 121:1.05-0.95.
The present embodiment is 1 by the width ratio of width and stator tooth that stator slot is arranged:0.95-0.85, the width of stator tooth
The width ratio of degree and rotor tooth is 1:1.05-0.95 enables to the inductance curve of switched reluctance machines with the position of rotor tooth
Set in triangular waveform change, as shown in figure 9, and inductance curve change rate it is big.
Wherein, the air gap between rotor 12 and stator 11 can be 0.1mm~3mm, width and the rotor tooth 121 of stator slot
The difference of width is 8-12 times of air gap, and the wherein width of stator slot is the width of rebate of stator slot, and the width of rotor tooth 121 is
The width at 121 top of rotor tooth.That is the difference of the width of the width and rotor tooth 121 of the first stator slot 134 is the 8-12 of air gap
Times, the difference of the width of the second stator slot 135 and the width of rotor tooth 121 is 8-12 times of air gap, the width of third stator slot 134
The difference of degree and the width of rotor tooth 121 is 8-12 times of air gap.
Further, the air gap between rotor 12 and stator 11 is 0.15mm~2mm, the width and rotor tooth of stator slot
The difference of 121 width can be 10 times of air gap, i.e. the width of stator slot is bigger 1.5mm-20mm than the width of rotor tooth 121.Its
In, the width of the width of the first stator slot 134, the width of the second stator slot 135 and third stator slot 134 is than rotor tooth 121
The big 1.5mm-20mm of width.
The revealed air gap of this implementation can be 1mm, and the width of stator slot is bigger 10mm than the width of rotor tooth 121 at this time.
Air gap between the rotor 12 and stator 11 of the present embodiment can be 0.1mm~3mm, the width and rotor tooth of stator slot
The difference of 121 width is 8-12 times of air gap, in rotor tooth 121 and stator slot face, rotor crown and stator crown
Gap is larger, such as when rotor tooth 121 and the first 134 face of stator slot, the crown of rotor tooth 121 and the first stator tooth 131
The gap of crown is larger, as shown in Figure 7.Therefore magnetic resistance is larger so that the minimum inductance that A phase windings generate is smaller, to improve
The output torques of switched reluctance machines.
It is please in 16 the first stator tooths 131 of switched reluctance machines and 16 rotor tooths 121 with further reference to Fig. 8, Fig. 8
The magnetic line of force of switched reluctance machines is measured when position is staggered, the first stator slot 134 is not yet perfectly aligned with rotor tooth 121 at this time,
Since the gap between the first stator slot 134 and rotor tooth 121 is larger, for example, the first stator slot 134 width than rotor tooth 121
The big 10mm of width.Since magnetic line of force T will not tangle intersection, and in the squeezing action by the adjacent magnetic line of force, the magnetic force
Line T can only form closed circuit by the gap between current first stator slot 134 and rotor tooth 121, and the gap is very big,
Therefore magnetic resistance is big, causes the inductance that A phase windings 137 generate small.When the first stator slot 134 is perfectly aligned with rotor tooth 121, nothing
Method detects magnetic line of force T.
For the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment in normal work, the inductance curve of A phase stator modules was as shown in figure 9, should
Inductance curve changes in triangular waveform.It is overlapped with the center of the first stator slot 134 at the center of rotor tooth 121, that is, corresponds to the
When one electrical angle a1, the inductance that A phase windings generate is minimum;At the center of rotor tooth 121 and the center of the first stator tooth 131 weight
It closes, that is, when corresponding to the second electrical angle a2, the inductance that A phase windings generate is maximum, and inductance ratio can reach 21.25, and traditional
The inductance ratio of three-phase switch reluctance machine can only achieve 2.5-4.5 or so.Due to the output torque of switched reluctance machinesInductance is than high meaningGreatly, the output torque of motor is just big, namely improve motor power it is close
Degree.
The quantity of the stator tooth of the present embodiment can be odd number, i.e. the sum of the first stator tooth 131 and the first stator slot 134 is
2N, wherein N are natural number.Therefore the quantity of the first stator tooth 131 and the quantity of the first stator slot 134 can be odd number, can
The natural resonance of slot ripples is avoided, such as the quantity of the first stator tooth 131 is 3, the quantity of the first stator slot 134 is 3.It compares
The quantity of the stator tooth of Conventional switched reluctance motor is even number, and the switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment can turn according to different
Fast and different torques select the quantity of the quantity and the first stator slot 134 of the first stator tooth 131, can adapt to different occasions,
Improve the practicability of switched reluctance machines.
The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of 3rd embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of second embodiment
On the basis of be described.As shown in Figure 10, the crown of the rotor tooth 121 in the present embodiment is provided with a top rake 123, top rake 123
Can be arc top rake, the depth D of the top rake 123 is less than 0.8mm, and the length L of top rake 123 is less than the width of rotor tooth 121;Tool
Body, the length L of top rake 123 is less than the 1/3 of the width of rotor tooth 121, can significantly reduce the noise of motor.In other realities
It applies in example, the crown of rotor tooth 121 may be arranged as chamfering, and the wherein radius of chamfering is less than 1mm.
First stator tooth 131 of the present embodiment, the crown structure of the second stator tooth 132 and third stator tooth and above-mentioned rotor
The crown structure of tooth 121 is identical, repeats no more.
The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of first embodiment
On the basis of be described.As shown in figure 11, switched reluctance machines further comprise switch driving circuit 21, switch driving circuit 21
On the winding for connecting DC power supply Us and at least three stator modules, i.e., switch driving circuit 21 connect DC power supply Us, A phase around
On group, B phase windings and C phase windings.
Switch driving circuit 21 is for the periodical driving stage phase winding corresponding at least three stator modules successively
The phase of upper application driving current, the driving period of at least three stator modules offsets one from another, i.e., in A phases stator module 111
Driving stage, switch driving circuit 21 apply driving current in A phases stator module 111;In the driving rank of B phases stator module 112
Section, switch driving circuit 21 apply driving current in B phases stator module 112;In the driving stage of C phases stator module 113, switch
Driving circuit 21 applies driving current in C phases stator module 113.Correspondingly, A phases stator module 111,112 and of B phases stator module
The phase of the driving period of C phases stator module 113 offsets one from another.
Wherein, switch driving circuit 21 is further in the subsequent afterflow of at least three stator modules corresponding driving period
The energy stored on the winding of section at least three stator modules of release, to form freewheel current.I.e. in A phases stator module 111
Period subsequent afterflow period, switch driving circuit 21 is driven to form A phase windings for discharging the energy stored on A phase windings
Freewheel current;In the driving period of the B phases stator module 112 subsequent afterflow period, switch driving circuit 21 is for discharging B phases
The energy stored on winding forms the freewheel current of B phase windings;In the subsequent afterflow of the driving period of C phases stator module 113
Section, switch driving circuit 21 form the freewheel current of C phase windings for discharging the energy stored on C phase windings.
Switch driving circuit 21 includes controller 23 and corresponding at least three stator modules at least three opens respectively
Module is closed, each switch module respectively includes first switch pipe, two pole of second switch pipe, the first fly-wheel diode and the second afterflow
The second connection end connection of pipe, the wherein anode, first switch pipe of the first connecting pin connection power supply of first switch pipe is corresponding
The first end of the winding of stator module, the first connecting pin of second switch pipe connect the second of the winding of corresponding stator module
End, the cathode of the second connection end connection power supply of second switch pipe, the anode of the first fly-wheel diode connect corresponding stator pack
The second end of the winding of part, the anode of the cathode connection power supply of the first fly-wheel diode, the anode connection of the second fly-wheel diode
The cathode of power supply, the cathode of the second fly-wheel diode connect the first end of the winding of corresponding stator module.Wherein, first switch
Pipe and second switch pipe are connected with the windings in series of corresponding stator module.
Specifically, switch driving circuit 21 includes controller 23, first switch module corresponding with A phases stator module 111
24, and the corresponding second switch module 25 of B phases stator module 112 and third switch module corresponding with C phases stator module 113
26.First switch module 24 includes first switch pipe V1, two pole second switch pipe V2, the first sustained diode 1 and the second afterflow
Pipe D2, second switch module 25 include first switch pipe V3, second switch pipe V4, the first sustained diode 3 and the second afterflow two
Pole pipe D4, third switch module 26 include first switch pipe V5, second switch pipe V6, the first sustained diode 5 and the second afterflow
Diode D6.
Wherein, the phase difference of the driving period corresponding at least three stator modules is 2 π/N, and wherein N is at least three fixed
The quantity of sub-component.A phases stator module 111 driving the period and B phases stator module 112 driving the period phase difference be 2 π/
The phase difference of 3, i.e. 120 ° of electrical angle, the driving period of B phases stator module 112 and the driving period of C phases stator module 113 are electricity
120 ° of angle.
As shown in figure 12, the driving period of the present embodiment A phases stator module 111 is 0 ° -120 ° of electrical angle, A phase stator packs
The afterflow period of part 111 is 120 ° -180 ° of electrical angle;The driving period of B phases stator module 112 is 120 ° -240 ° of electrical angle, B
The afterflow period of phase stator module 112 is 240 ° -300 ° of electrical angle;The driving period of C phases stator module 113 is electrical angle
240 ° -360 °, the afterflow period of C phases stator module 113 is 360 ° -420 ° of electrical angle.Wherein, the afterflow period of each stator module
Least partially overlapped, i.e. afterflow period of A phases stator module 111 with the phase of the driving period of next driven stator module
It is 120 ° -180 ° to partly overlap with the phase of the driving period of B phases stator module 112, the afterflow period of B phases stator module 112
It is 240 ° -300 ° to partly overlap with the phase of the driving period of C phases stator module 113.
In the driving period, controller 23 controls first switch pipe simultaneously with pulse width modulation mode and second switch pipe is intermittent
Thus conducting adjusts the size of driving current.The pulse width modulation mode can be PWM (Pulse Width Modulation, pulse
Width modulated) signal, in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, controller 23 controls first by pwm signal and opens simultaneously
Pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 is closed to be switched on or off.Controller 23 sends pwm signal in the inductance minimum that A phase windings generate
To first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2;When first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are simultaneously turned on, DC power supply
Us applies driving current in A phases stator module 111;When first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are simultaneously closed off, direct current
Source Us stops at A phases stator module 111 and applies driving current, and driving current can be avoided excessive.Controller 23 is produced in A phase windings
Stop sending pwm signal when raw inductance maximum and close to first switch pipe V1, first switch pipe V1, A phases stator module 111 into
Enter the afterflow period.In other embodiment, sine wave signal may be used in pulse width modulation mode.
In the afterflow period, the control first switch pipe of controller 23 is continuously off, and is opened with pulse width modulation mode control second
Pipe intermittent conduction is closed, the size of freewheel current is thus adjusted.In the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111, controller 23 can
It is stopped with controlling DC power supply Us, A phase windings, second switch V2 and the second sustained diode 2 forming circuit, and then release
Put the energy stored on A phase windings.Controller 23 by pwm signal control second switch pipe intermittent conduction, with adjust A phases around
The size of the freewheel current of group.
As shown in figure 13, switched reluctance machines further comprise the current detection circuit being connect with switch driving circuit 21
27, which is used to detect the electric current summation for the winding for flowing through at least three stator modules, i.e. current detecting electricity
Road 27 is i=ia+ib+ic, ia for detecting the electric current summation for flowing through A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings, electric current summation
To flow through the electric current of A phase windings, ib is the electric current for flowing through B phase windings, and ic is the electric current for flowing through C phase windings.
Current detection circuit 27 includes annular core 271 and magnetic field sensor 272 with an opening, and at least three is fixed
For the winding of sub-component rotating around being located on annular core 271, magnetic field sensor 272 is set to the opening of annular core 271.Its
In, annular core 271 can be C-shaped iron core, A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings rotating around being located on annular core 271,
Coil L1, coil L2 and coil L3 are formed on annular core 271 respectively.The winding of each stator module is in annular core
The number of turns of winding is identical on 271, i.e., the number of turns of coil L1, the number of turns of coil L2 are identical with the number of turns of coil L3.Wherein, magnetic field passes
Sensor 272 can be linear Hall current sensor.The switched reluctance machines of the present embodiment only need a magnetic field sensor 272 to examine
Electric current summation of the flow measurement through A phase windings, B phase windings and C phase windings, therefore number of sensors is reduced, reduce switching magnetic-resistance electricity
The cost of machine.In other embodiments, current detection circuit 27 could be provided as using magnetic balancing current sensor.
The electric current summation i that switch driving circuit 21 is detected according to current detection circuit 27 is respectively to the driving of each winding electricity
Stream and freewheel current are controlled, so that electric current summation keeps preset range.Specifically, switch driving circuit 21 is according to electric current
Summation the i driving current to A phase windings and freewheel current, the driving current of B phase windings and freewheel current, C phase windings respectively
Driving current and freewheel current are controlled, so that electric current summation i keeps stablizing.
In the afterflow period of A windings, the electric current summation i that controller 23 is detected according to current detection circuit 27 passes through PWM
Signal controls first switch pipe V3 simultaneously and second switch pipe V4 is switched on or off, with DC power supply Us in B phase stator modules
112 apply driving current, and electric current summation i keeps stablizing, as shown in figure 12.
B windings are in the operation principle and C windings for driving period and afterflow period in the work for driving period and afterflow period
Principle is identical in driving period and the operation principle of afterflow period as A windings, repeats no more.
The electric current summation i that the switch driving circuit 21 of the present embodiment is detected according to current detection circuit 27 respectively to respectively around
The driving current and freewheel current of group are controlled, so that electric current summation keeps preset range, therefore the switch magnetic of this implementation
Hindering motor has the characteristic of servo motor;Since the output torque of switched reluctance machines is stablized, and then reduce switched reluctance machines
Torque fluctuations and noise.
The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of the 5th embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment
The difference is that:As shown in figure 14, controller 23 controls first switch constant conduction, and with pulse width modulation mode control the
Thus two switching tube intermittent conductions adjust the size of driving current.I.e. in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, control
Device 23 controls first switch V1 constant conductions, and second switch pipe V2 intermittent conductions are controlled by pwm signal.
The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of sixth embodiment, in the switched reluctance machines of fourth embodiment
On the basis of be described:As shown in figure 15, switched reluctance machines further comprise that the position being connect with switch driving circuit 21 passes
Sensor 28, position sensor 28 are used to measure the relative position in switched reluctance machines 10 between rotor 12 and stator 11, so that
It obtains switch driving circuit 21 and energized state, i.e. switch driving circuit 21 is changed according to the relative position between rotor 12 and stator 11
Change energized state according to the maximum induction of each stator module and minimum inductance, is worked with driving switch reluctance motor.Wherein,
Position sensor 28 includes magnetic coder or optical encoder.
The utility model provides the control method of the electric current of the switched reluctance machines of an embodiment, the controlling party of the present embodiment
Method is described on the basis of fourth embodiment revealed switched reluctance machines.As shown in figure 16, which includes:
S161:In the driving period, first switch pipe and second switch pipe intermittent conduction are controlled by controller 23 simultaneously;
Or control first switch pipe constant conduction, and second switch pipe intermittent conduction is controlled, to adjust the driving current of winding
Size;
S162:In the afterflow period, it is continuously off that first switch pipe is controlled by controller 23, and is controlled between second switch pipe
Having a rest property is connected, to adjust the size of the freewheel current of winding;
S163:According to electric current summation i control driving currents and freewheel current, so that electric current summation i keeps preset range.
In step S161, the driving period corresponding at least three stator modules is further controlled by controller 23
Phase difference is 2 π/N, and wherein N is the quantity of at least three stator modules.I.e. the driving period of A phases stator module 111 is fixed with B phases
Sub-component 112 drives the phase difference of period for 2 π/3, i.e. 120 ° of electrical angle, the driving period of B phases stator module 112 and C phases
The phase difference of the driving period of stator module 113 is 120 ° of electrical angle.
Afterflow period by the control stator module of controller 23 and the driving period of next driven stator module
Phase is least partially overlapped, wherein the phase of the afterflow period of stator module and the driving period of next driven stator module
Least partially overlapped is π/N.That is the phase of the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111 and the driving period of B phases stator module 112
It is 120 ° -180 ° to partly overlap, the phase of the afterflow period of B phases stator module 112 and the driving period of C phases stator module 113
It is 240 ° -300 ° to partly overlap, as shown in figure 12.
Wherein, it in the driving period of A phases stator module 111, is controlled simultaneously with pulse width modulation mode by controller 23
First switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 are switched on or off.The inductance generated in A phase windings by controller 23 is minimum
When send pwm signal to first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2;It is led simultaneously in first switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2
When logical, DC power supply Us applies driving current in A phases stator module 111;First switch pipe V1 and second switch pipe V2 simultaneously
When closing, DC power supply Us stops at A phases stator module 111 and applies driving current, and driving current can be avoided excessive.
Stop in the inductance maximum that A phase windings generate sending pwm signal by controller 23 to first switch pipe V1, the
One switching tube V1 is closed, and A phases stator module 111 enters the afterflow period, enters step S162.
In step S162, in the afterflow period of A phases stator module 111, DC power supply Us is controlled by controller 23
It is stopped, and it is continuously off and intermittent with pulse width modulation mode control second switch pipe V2 to control first switch pipe V1
Conducting, so that A phase windings, second switch V2 and the second sustained diode 2 forming circuit, and then stored on release A phase windings
Energy, to adjust the size of the freewheel current of A phase windings.
Meanwhile the first switch pipe V3 and second switch pipe V4 that B windings are controlled by controller 23 are switched on or off, with
DC power supply Us applies driving current in B phases stator module 112, wherein controls B windings by the control mode of step S161
First switch pipe V3 and second switch pipe V4, details are not described herein.
In step S163, by switch driving circuit 21 from the acquisition electric current summation i of current detection circuit 27, and according to
Electric current summation i control driving currents and freewheel current, so that electric current summation i keeps preset range.Wherein control driving current
Step S161 can be used in method, and step S162 can be used in the method for controlling freewheel current.
The pulse width modulation mode of the present embodiment can be square wave pulse width modulation or Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation.Wherein, above-mentioned
The pwm signal of embodiment is modulated for square wave pulse width.
In the present invention, the inductance that A phase windings generate is minimum, concretely rotor tooth 121 and the first stator slot 134
When perfectly aligned;The inductance that A phase windings generate is maximum, concretely rotor tooth 121 and when perfectly aligned the first stator tooth 131.
The present embodiment is since previous phase is in the afterflow period, and mutually in the driving period, i.e. A phase windings are entering the afterflow period for conducting
When, B phase windings are entering the driving period;The freewheel current of A phases and the sum of the driving current of B phases are kept constant, therefore switch magnetic
The current fluctuation for hindering motor is small, i.e. the electric current summation fluctuation of switched reluctance machines is small, and then the fluctuation of torque is small.Due to previous phase
Freewheel current it is larger, and the driving current that phase is connected is smaller, i.e. the freewheel current of A phases is larger, and the driving current of B phases is smaller;
Therefore magnetic field intensity caused by the winding of conducting phase is weak, i.e., magnetic field intensity caused by B phase windings is weak, and then reduces noise.
The utility model provides the switched reluctance machines of the 7th embodiment, and as shown in figure 17, the present embodiment is in each stator
Insulating layer is covered in slot, and is provided with metal strip 171 in each stator slot, and the metal strip 171 in adjacent stator slots is by leading
Body 174 connects, to form the winding being set around on stator tooth.Wherein, metal strip 171 may be configured as aluminum strip 171, and conductor 174 can
It is set as copper coin.In other embodiments, metal strip 171 can also be made up of other metals, such as metal strip 171 can be
Silver bar.
Specifically, aluminum strip 171 is set in stator slot, i.e., cast aluminium can be carried out in the slot of stator slot, to form aluminum strip
171;The aluminum strip 171 includes being arranged in the first aluminium face 172 and the second aluminium face 173 of opposite sides, adjacent two aluminum strips 171
First aluminium face 172 or the second aluminium face 173 are connected by conductor 174, to form the winding of winding on the stator teeth.In stator slot
Slot in carry out cast aluminium before, to stator slot carry out oxidation or spray insulation handle, in each stator slot cover insulate
Layer, so that aluminum strip 171 and stator tooth insulation set.In other embodiments, aluminum strip can be embedded in the slot of stator slot
171。
The present embodiment is illustrated by taking A phases stator module 111 as an example, and the first stator tooth 131 can be iron core, first first
Oxidation or spray insulation processing are carried out in the slot of stator slot 134, then carry out cast aluminium in the slot of the first stator slot 134, with
Aluminum strip 171 is formed in the first stator slot 134, aluminum strip 171 includes being arranged in the first aluminium face 172 and the second aluminium face of opposite sides
173;Wherein aluminum strip 171 and the first stator tooth 131 insulate.
The the first aluminium face 172 or the second aluminium face 173 of two adjacent aluminum strips 171 are connected by copper coin 174, specifically,
First aluminium face 172 of aluminum strip 171 is connect with positioned at the first aluminium face 172 in 171 left side of aluminum strip by copper coin 174, aluminum strip 171
Second aluminium face 173 is connect with positioned at the second aluminium face 173 on 171 right side of aluminum strip by copper coin 174, and then is formed and be arranged first
A phase windings on stator tooth 131;Or the first aluminium face 172 of aluminum strip 171 and the first aluminium face 172 positioned at 171 right side of aluminum strip
It is connected by copper coin 174, the second aluminium face 173 of aluminum strip 171 passes through copper coin with positioned at the second aluminium face 173 in 171 left side of aluminum strip
174 connections, and then form the A phase windings being arranged on the first stator tooth 131.
Therefore the quantity being arranged in the aluminum strip of the first stator slot 134 is 1, and the copper coin 174 in first stator tooth 131 is arranged
Quantity is 0.5, compared with switched reluctance machines in the prior art, due to replacing being arranged in stator using metal strip 171
Copper wire in slot, metal strip 171 is aluminum strip 171, therefore reduces copper wire, and then reduces the copper loss of switched reluctance machines.
Further, switched reluctance machines in the prior art can also cover insulating layer in each stator slot, and
It is provided with metal strip 171 in each stator slot, is connected by conductor 174 with the metal strip 171 in the adjacent stator slots of phase winding,
To form the winding being set around on stator tooth, to reduce the copper loss of switched reluctance machines.
The utility model also provides a kind of wheel, which is driven using switched reluctance machines, and the switched reluctance machines
For the switched reluctance machines as described in preceding embodiment.
Preferably, which may include hub-type switched reluctance machines, that is, utilize hub-type switched reluctance machines to drive,
The hub-type switched reluctance machines are the electric machine structure of outer rotor inner stator.
Further, the utility model also provides a kind of electric vehicle, which can be electric vehicle, battery-operated motor cycle
Or electric bicycle etc..The electric vehicle is pure electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle, and the wheel of the electric vehicle uses switched reluctance machines
Driving, the switched reluctance machines are also the switched reluctance machines as described in preceding embodiment.Preferably, the driving wheel of the electric vehicle
The car wheel structure in above-described embodiment can be used, i.e. wheel includes hub-type switched reluctance machines, utilizes hub-type switching magnetic-resistance
Motor drives vehicle wheel rotation.
It should be noted that the application scenarios for the switched reluctance machines that the utility model embodiment provides are not limited to electronic vapour
Vehicle is also used as the drivings motor such as ship, big machinery.
It should be noted that the above various embodiments belongs to same utility model design, the description of each embodiment respectively has side
Weight, not detailed place, can refer to the description in other embodiment described in separate embodiment.
The switched reluctance machines and electric vehicle and wheel provided above to the utility model embodiment have carried out detailed Jie
It continues, specific case used herein is expounded the principles of the present invention and embodiment, and above example is said
The bright method and its core concept for being merely used to help understand the utility model;Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art,
According to the thought of the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, in conclusion this explanation
Book content should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.