CN207069909U - Two-way DC converter - Google Patents

Two-way DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN207069909U
CN207069909U CN201720784003.8U CN201720784003U CN207069909U CN 207069909 U CN207069909 U CN 207069909U CN 201720784003 U CN201720784003 U CN 201720784003U CN 207069909 U CN207069909 U CN 207069909U
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pulse width
copped wave
modulating signal
width modulating
wave unit
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姚云鹏
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Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co Ltd
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Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of two-way DC converter, including the first copped wave unit, the second copped wave unit, the first inductance, the second inductance, transformer and control unit, the both sides of the first copped wave unit are connected respectively to the primary side winding of the first external terminal and transformer;The second copped wave unit uses H bridge chopper circuits, and the both sides of the second copped wave unit are connected respectively to the vice-side winding and positive bus-bar and negative busbar of transformer;There is the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity being connected in series, and the both ends of second electric capacity are connected to the second external terminal between the positive bus-bar and negative busbar;The tie point of first electric capacity and the second electric capacity via second inductance connection to the vice-side winding of transformer centre tap;The output end of described control unit is connected to the control terminal of the first copped wave unit and the second copped wave unit.The utility model can make two-way DC converter ensure the high-efficiency transfer of energy when possessing larger transfer ratio excursion.

Description

Two-way DC converter
Technical field
DC converter field is the utility model is related to, more specifically to a kind of two-way DC converter.
Background technology
With the continuous development of electric automobile and automation industry, more and more application scenarios require to realize that bidirectional energy passes It is defeated.Bidirectional energy transmission can be realized by two unidirectional power inverters, but this mode not only power density it is low but also Reliability is low, therefore bidirectional power converter arises at the historic moment.
Compared to traditional unidirectional power converter, although bidirectional power converter improves power density, but its efficiency It can but decline etc. characteristic.Based on this, high efficiency is realized, the bidirectional power converter of high power density is current power supply industry One of emphasis studied.
As shown in figure 1, be the circuit topology figure of existing buck/boost (Buck/Boost) converter, the buck/boost Converter is in decompression using decompression (Buck) topology, i.e. switching tube Q2 is held off, by PWM (plus width Modulation, pulsewidth modulation) ripple driving switching tube Q1, inductance L1, electric capacity C2 by voltage V1 decompression for voltage V2 export; It is held on during boosting using boosting (Boost) topology, i.e. switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, inductance L1, the electricity driven by PWM ripples Hold C2 to export voltage V2 boostings for voltage V1.Although the buck/boost converter can realize two-way energy transmission, This converter belongs to non-isolated converter, and it can only unidirectionally realize one kind in boosting or decompression, can not be unidirectional On not only realize decompression and realize boost, application scenario is more limited to.
As shown in Fig. 2 it is the circuit topology figure of existing two-stage bidirectional converter.The wherein one-level of two-stage bidirectional converter is Buck/boost (Buck/Boost) non-isolated structure (including inductance L1, switching tube Q1, Q2, electric capacity C3), one-level is isolation in addition Structure (including isolated converter).The buck/boost of two-stage bidirectional converter is generally real by the non-isolated structural levels of Buck/Boost It is existing.But the reversible transducer is due to using two-layer configuration, therefore its volume is larger, is unfavorable for the lifting of power density.
As shown in figure 3, it is the circuit topology figure of the two-stage bidirectional converter of existing double active structures.The reversible transducer Both ends are chopper circuit (by switching tube Q1~Q4 chopper circuits formed and the chopper circuit being made up of switching tube Q5~Q8), And the DC source on two electric capacity C1, C2 is converted on inductance L1 by alternating voltage source by chopper circuit, so as to form energy Amount transmission.But reversible transducer efficiency when voltage transfer ratio excursion is larger declines serious.
As shown in figure 4, it is the circuit topology figure of the reversible transducer of existing bilateral two-way resonance structure.The two-way changing The both ends of device are chopper circuit (by switching tube Q1~Q4 chopper circuits formed and the copped wave electricity being made up of switching tube Q5~Q8 Road), and the reversible transducer includes the resonator (resonance being made up of inductance L1, L3, electric capacity C3 positioned at transformer T both sides Chamber and the resonator being made up of inductance L2, L4, electric capacity C4), it all connects humorous when forward and reverse works for typical LLC Shake structure, it is possible to achieve the Sofe Switch of gamut.But the reversible transducer is equally when voltage transfer ratio excursion is larger Efficiency is waited to decline seriously.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is, for above-mentioned reversible transducer in voltage transfer ratio excursion Efficiency declines the problem of serious when larger, there is provided a kind of two-way DC converter.
The technical scheme that the utility model solves above-mentioned technical problem is to provide a kind of two-way DC converter, including the One copped wave unit, the second copped wave unit, transformer and control unit, the first side of the first copped wave unit are connected to first The primary side winding of external terminal, the second side via the first inductance connection to the transformer;The second copped wave unit uses H bridges Chopper circuit, and the first side of the second copped wave unit is connected to the vice-side winding of the transformer, the second side is connected to just Bus and negative busbar;There is the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity that are connected in series between the positive bus-bar and negative busbar, and described the The both ends of two electric capacity are connected to the second external terminal;The two-way DC converter also includes the second inductance, and first electricity Hold the centre tap via vice-side winding of second inductance connection to the transformer with the tie point of the second electric capacity;It is described The output end of control unit is connected to the control terminal of the first copped wave unit and the second copped wave unit.
In two-way DC converter described in the utility model, the second copped wave unit includes first switch pipe, the Two switching tubes, the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube, and the first switch pipe, second switch pipe be connected in series in positive bus-bar and Between negative busbar, the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube be connected in series between positive bus-bar and negative busbar;Described first opens The tie point of second switch pipe described in Guan Guanhe be connected to the head end of the vice-side winding of the transformer, the 3rd switching tube and The tie point of 4th switching tube is connected to the tail end of the vice-side winding of the transformer.
In two-way DC converter described in the utility model, described control unit is to first switch pipe output the One pulse width modulating signal, export to the second switch pipe the second pulse width modulating signal, to the 3rd switching tube Export the 3rd pulse width modulating signal and export the 4th pulse width modulating signal, and described the to the 4th switching tube One pulse width modulating signal and the second pulse width modulating signal are complementary, the 3rd pulse width modulating signal and the 4th arteries and veins Bandwidth modulation signals complementation is rushed, the phase difference of first pulse width modulating signal and the 3rd pulse width modulating signal is 180 degree, the phase difference of second pulse width modulating signal and the 4th pulse width modulating signal is 180 degree.
In two-way DC converter described in the utility model, the first copped wave unit uses single bridge arm chopper circuit Or H bridge arm chopper circuits.
In two-way DC converter described in the utility model, the first side of the first copped wave unit has filtered electrical Hold.
Two-way DC converter of the present utility model, by adjusting the dutycycle of pulse width modulating signal, adjustment is two-way Voltage gain of the DC converter when backward energy transmits, two-way DC converter can be made to possess larger transfer ratio change Ensure the high-efficiency transfer of energy during scope.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit topology figure of existing buck/boost converter;
Fig. 2 is the circuit topology figure of existing two-stage bidirectional converter;
Fig. 3 is the circuit topology figure of the two-stage bidirectional converter of existing double active structures;
Fig. 4 is the circuit topology figure of the reversible transducer of existing bilateral two-way resonance structure;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the utility model reversible transducer embodiment;
Fig. 6 is hair ripple side of the utility model reversible transducer when the pulse width of first switch pipe is more than the pulse spacing Formula and the second inductance corresponding current waveform;
Fig. 7 is hair ripple side of the utility model reversible transducer when the pulse width of first switch pipe is less than the pulse spacing Formula and the second inductance corresponding current waveform.
Embodiment
In order that the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and implementation Example, the utility model is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only explaining The utility model, it is not used to limit the utility model.
As shown in figure 5, it is the schematic diagram of the utility model two-way DC converter embodiment, the two-way DC converter can Realize that bidirectional energy transmits.Two-way DC converter in the present embodiment include the first copped wave unit 51, the second copped wave unit 52, First inductance L1, the second inductance L2, transformer Tx1 and control unit, wherein the first side of the first copped wave unit 51 is connected to First external terminal V1DC, the first copped wave unit 51 the second side via the first inductance L1 be connected to transformer Tx1 primary side around Group;Second copped wave unit 52 uses H bridge chopper circuits, and the first side of the second copped wave unit 52 is connected to transformer Tx1 pair Side winding, the second side of the second copped wave unit 52 are connected to positive bus-bar (+) and negative busbar (-);Above-mentioned positive bus-bar and negative busbar it Between there is the first electric capacity Cb and the second electric capacity C that are connected in series2DC, and the second electric capacity C2DCBoth ends be connected to the second external terminal V2DC;Above-mentioned first electric capacity Cb and the second electric capacity C2DCTie point via the second inductance L2 be connected to transformer Tx1 secondary around The centre tap of group.Above-mentioned first electric capacity Cb is used to absorb energy in the chopping process of the second copped wave unit 52, so that positive bus-bar Voltage reaches predetermined voltage;Second electric capacity C2DCDirect current for being inputted to the second external terminal is filtered.
Specifically, above-mentioned second copped wave unit 52 includes first switch pipe Qs1, second switch pipe Qs2, the 3rd switching tube Qs3 and the 4th switching tube Qs4, first switch pipe Qs1, second switch pipe Qs2, the 3rd switching tube Qs3 and the 4th switching tube Qs4 IGBT ((Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) or MOSFET can specifically be used (Metallic Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, metal oxide semiconductor field-effect Transistor) etc..Above-mentioned first switch pipe Qs1 and second switch pipe Qs2 is connected in series between positive bus-bar and negative busbar, the 3rd opens Close pipe Qs3 and the 4th switching tube Qs4 to be connected in series between positive bus-bar and negative busbar, that is, form H bridge topological structures.First switch Pipe Qs1 and second switch pipe Qs2 tie point are connected to the head end of transformer Tx1 vice-side winding, the 3rd switching tube Qs3 and Four switching tube Qs4 tie point is connected to the tail end of transformer Tx1 vice-side winding.
Above-mentioned first copped wave unit 51 can use single bridge arm chopper circuit (i.e. with two switching tubes) or H bridge chopper circuits (i.e. with four switching tubes).
Control unit is connected to the control terminal of the first copped wave unit 51 and the second copped wave unit 52.It is external by first in energy It is identical with the DC converting process of existing DC converter when terminal V1DC flows to the second external terminal V2DC, control unit to The output pulse width modulated signal of first copped wave unit 51, the first copped wave unit 51 is set to input the first external terminal V1DC straight Stream electricity cuts into square wave and acts on the first inductance L1, and transformer Tx1 transmits energy to the second copped wave list by the winding of both sides Member 52 and by the second copped wave unit 52 by the energy rectification of the vice-side winding from transformer Tx1 be direct current and by second outside Connecting terminal V2DC is exported.
Carrying out reverse drive, (i.e. energy is flowed to two-way DC converter in the present embodiment by the second external terminal V2DC First external terminal V1DC) when, control unit is with pulse width tonOr pulse spacing toffTo control variable to control outside second Voltage gains of the connecting terminal V2DC to the first external terminal V1DC.Under above-mentioned control mode, the frequency of pulse width modulating signal (can pre-set as needed) can be to determine or change.Flowed in energy by the second external terminal V2DC During to the first external terminal V1DC, control unit increases according to from the second external terminal V2DC to the first external terminal V1DC voltage It is prebiotic into target duty than pulse width modulating signal and be output to the control terminal of the second copped wave unit 52, while to One copped wave unit 51 output make the first copped wave unit 51 carry out rectification processing pulse width modulating signal (rectification control process with Existing scheme is identical).
Specifically, control unit exports the first pulse width modulating signal (i.e. one of control unit to first switch pipe Qs1 Individual control signal output is connected to first switch pipe Qs1 control terminal), to second switch pipe Qs2 export the second pulse width Modulated signal (i.e. a control signal output of control unit is connected to second switch pipe Qs2 control terminal), open to the 3rd Closing the 3rd pulse width modulating signal of pipe Qs3 outputs, (i.e. a control signal output of control unit is connected to the 3rd switch Pipe Qs3 control terminal) and (i.e. one of control unit is controlled to the 4th pulse width modulating signal of the 4th switching tube Qs4 outputs Signal output part processed is connected to the 4th switching tube Qs4 control terminal), the second external terminal V2DC direct currents inputted are cut into Square wave.
Above-mentioned first pulse width modulating signal and the second pulse width modulating signal are complementary, the 3rd pulse width modulation letter Number, i.e. pulse width t in first pulse width modulating signal complementary with the 4th pulse width modulating signalonCorresponding second pulse Pulse spacing t in bandwidth modulation signalsoff(pulse width tonFor the ON time of switching tube in a cycle, pulse spacing toffFor the turn-off time of switching tube in a cycle, pulse width tonWith pulse spacing toffSum is a work period), The phase difference of first pulse width modulating signal and the 3rd pulse width modulating signal is 180 degree, and the second pulse width modulation is believed Number it is 180 degree with the phase difference of the 4th pulse width modulating signal, as shown in Figure 6,7.
In order to prevent that upper and lower bridge arm in the second copped wave unit 52 (such as first switch pipe Qs1 and second switch pipe Qs2) is straight Connect conducting and cause electric current excessive and damage switching tube, the first pulse width modulating signal, the second pulse width modulating signal, Have in 3rd pulse width modulating signal, the 4th pulse width modulating signal, before each pulse width and pulse spacing dead Area's buffer time, such as the t in Fig. 6,70~t1、t2~t3Time.
Above-mentioned control unit specifically may include the core for the storage device and executable control instruction for being stored with control instruction Piece, and above-mentioned control instruction is used for when energy flows to the first external terminal V1DC by the second external terminal V2DC, according to from the Two external terminal V2DC to the first external terminal V1DC voltage gain calculates the target for obtaining the first pulse width modulating signal Dutycycle.
, can be according to following calculating formula (1) and work period T set in advance when carrying out target duty than calculatings=ton+ toffCarry out above-mentioned meeting following calculating formula (1):
Wherein, V1DCFor the first external terminal V1DC voltage, V2DCFor the second external terminal voltage, tonIt is wide for the first pulse Spend the pulse width of modulated signal, toffFor the pulse spacing of the first pulse width modulating signal, L1For the inductance of the first inductance Amount, D are dutycycle (the i.e. dutycycle of the output voltage of the second copped wave unit 51, specifically as following of transformer primary side winding voltage Calculating formula (3) shown in), Ro is connected the equivalent resistance of load by the first external terminal,For the transformer primary side winding With turn ratio (the i.e. N of vice-side windingpFor 2 times of transformer primary side winding and the turn ratio of vice-side winding).
As shown in calculating formula (1), by the equivalent resistance Ro that the first external terminal connects load is unknown value, therefore During unsteady flow is carried out, control unit needs first wide to one pulse with initial duty cycle of the second copped wave unit 52 output Spending modulated signal, (initial duty cycle can be estimated according to calculating formula (1), such as replace equivalent resistance using a predetermined resistance value Ro equivalent resistance Ro), and according to the feedback voltage of the first external terminal is calculated, calculating target again after equivalent resistance Ro is obtained accounts for Empty ratio, so that the final output voltage of the first external terminal reaches preset value.
In addition, also can be without using formula (1), and directly cut according to the feedback voltage of the first external terminal to being output to second The dutycycle of the pulse width modulating signal of the control terminal of ripple unit 52 is continuously adjusted, anti-until the first external terminal Feedthrough voltage reaches predetermined value.
Below to adjust first switch pipe Qs1ON time (the i.e. pulse width t of the first pulse width modulating signalon) With turn-off time (the i.e. pulse spacing t of the first pulse width modulating signaloff) illustrated to control exemplified by converter (certainly Can also be by adjusting other switching tubes such as Qs2、Qs3、Qs4ON time and turn-off time control two-way DC converter, Specific control mode is similarly).
Two-way DC converter works in t first when startingon>toffSituation, secondly enter ton<toffSituation.Upper In the case of stating two kinds, the average value V of the voltage at the top of the first electric capacity CbbWith the second external terminal V2DC voltage V2DCRelation It may each be about:
That is VbIt is and V2DCRelated fixation DC voltage.DC voltage VbPass through first switch pipe Qs1, second switch pipe One can be produced on transformer Tx1 after Qs2, the 3rd switching tube Qs3 and the 4th switching tube Qs4 copped waves has certain dutycycle AC chopping waveform.The dutycycle D of this chopped waveform meets following expression:
As shown in fig. 6, the pulse width in the first pulse width modulating signal is more than pulse spacing toffWhen, 0.5Vb<V2DC <Vb.In t0~t1Between, first switch pipe Qs1With the 3rd switching tube Qs3Conducting, second switch pipe Qs2With the 4th switching tube Qs4It is disconnected Open, now the centre tapped voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings gradually rises to Vb, due to VbMore than V2DC, the second inductance L2 On electric current IL2Decline;In t1~t2Between, second switch pipe Qs2With the 3rd switching tube Qs3Conducting, first switch pipe Qs1With Four switching tube Qs4Disconnect, now the center tap voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings gradually decreases to 0.5Vb, due to 0.5VbIt is small In V2DC, the electric current I on the second inductance L2L2Rise;In t2~t3Between, first switch pipe Qs1With the 3rd switching tube Qs3Conducting, the Two switching tube Qs2With the 4th switching tube Qs4Disconnect, now the center tap voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings is gradually increasing as Vb, Due to VbMore than V2DC, the electric current I on the second inductance L2L2Decline.In t3~t4Between, first switch pipe Qs1With the 4th switching tube Qs4Conducting, second switch pipe Qs2With the 3rd switching tube Qs3Disconnect, now the center tap voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings by Gradually drop to 0.5Vb, due to 0.5VbLess than V2DC, the electric current I on the second inductance L2L2Rise.
As shown in fig. 7, the pulse width in the first pulse width modulating signal is less than pulse spacing toffWhen, 0.5Vb> V2DC.In t0~t1Between, second switch pipe Qs2With the 4th switching tube Qs4Conducting, first switch pipe Qs1With the 3rd switching tube Qs3It is disconnected Open, now the center tap voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings is gradually reduced as 0, is less than V due to 02DC, on the second inductance L2 Electric current IL2Rise;In t1~t2Between, first switch pipe Qs1With the 4th switching tube Qs4Conducting, second switch pipe Qs2Opened with the 3rd Close pipe Qs3Disconnect, now the center tap voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings is gradually increasing as 0.5Vb, due to 0.5VbIt is more than V2DC, the electric current I on the second inductance L2L2Decline;In t2~t3Between, second switch pipe Qs2With the 4th switching tube Qs4Conducting, first Switching tube Qs1With the 3rd switching tube Qs3Disconnect, now the center tap voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings is 0, is less than due to 0 V2DC, the electric current I on the second inductance L2L2Rise;In t3~t4Between, second switch pipe Qs2With the 3rd switching tube Qs3Conducting, first Switching tube Qs1With the 4th switching tube Qs4Disconnect, now the center tap voltage of transformer Tx1 vice-side windings be gradually increasing for 0.5Vb, due to 0.5VbMore than V2DC, the electric current I on the second inductance L2L2Decline.
As described above, it can be seen that the working method of the second copped wave unit 52 of two-way DC converter is actually The voltage V that second external terminal V2DC is inputted2DCV is boosted to Boost similar modeb, therefore it is above-mentioned two-way straight Current converter can reach very high voltage step-up ratio, so as to realize efficient energy transmission in wide-voltage range.
It is described above, the only preferable embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not This is confined to, any one skilled in the art can readily occur in the technical scope that the utility model discloses Change or replacement, should all cover within the scope of protection of the utility model.Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model should It is defined by scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of two-way DC converter, including the first copped wave unit, the second copped wave unit, transformer and control unit, institute The first side for stating the first copped wave unit is connected to the first external terminal, the second side via the first inductance connection to the transformer Primary side winding;It is characterized in that:The second copped wave unit uses H bridge chopper circuits, and the first of the second copped wave unit Side is connected to the vice-side winding of the transformer, the second side is connected to positive bus-bar and negative busbar;The positive bus-bar and negative busbar it Between there is the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity that are connected in series, and the both ends of second electric capacity are connected to the second external terminal;Institute Stating two-way DC converter also includes the second inductance, and the tie point of first electric capacity and the second electric capacity is via the described second electricity Sense is connected to the centre tap of the vice-side winding of the transformer;The output end of described control unit is connected to first copped wave The control terminal of unit and the second copped wave unit.
2. two-way DC converter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The second copped wave unit is opened including first Guan Guan, second switch pipe, the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube, and the first switch pipe, second switch pipe are connected in series in Between positive bus-bar and negative busbar, the 3rd switching tube and the 4th switching tube be connected in series between positive bus-bar and negative busbar;Institute State first switch pipe and the second switch pipe tie point be connected to the transformer vice-side winding head end, the described 3rd The tie point of switching tube and the 4th switching tube is connected to the tail end of the vice-side winding of the transformer.
3. two-way DC converter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Described control unit is to the first switch Pipe exports the first pulse width modulating signal, the second pulse width modulating signal exported to the second switch pipe, to described the Three switching tubes export the 3rd pulse width modulating signal and export the 4th pulse width modulating signal to the 4th switching tube, And first pulse width modulating signal and the second pulse width modulating signal are complementary, the 3rd pulse width modulating signal Complementary, the phase of first pulse width modulating signal and the 3rd pulse width modulating signal with the 4th pulse width modulating signal Potential difference is 180 degree, and the phase difference of second pulse width modulating signal and the 4th pulse width modulating signal is 180 degree.
4. according to the two-way DC converter any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that:The first copped wave unit Using single bridge arm chopper circuit or H bridge arm chopper circuits.
5. according to the two-way DC converter any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that:The first copped wave unit The first side there is filter capacitor.
CN201720784003.8U 2017-06-30 2017-06-30 Two-way DC converter Active CN207069909U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110429823A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-11-08 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 Direct-current voltage reducing circuit, method, equipment and computer readable storage medium
CN110492751A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-11-22 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 Direct-current voltage reducing circuit, method, equipment and computer readable storage medium
CN115276409A (en) * 2022-07-26 2022-11-01 深圳市优优绿能股份有限公司 Bidirectional DC converter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110429823A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-11-08 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 Direct-current voltage reducing circuit, method, equipment and computer readable storage medium
CN110492751A (en) * 2019-08-07 2019-11-22 苏州汇川联合动力系统有限公司 Direct-current voltage reducing circuit, method, equipment and computer readable storage medium
CN110492751B (en) * 2019-08-07 2024-02-27 苏州汇川联合动力系统股份有限公司 DC step-down circuit, DC step-down method, DC step-down device, and computer readable storage medium
CN115276409A (en) * 2022-07-26 2022-11-01 深圳市优优绿能股份有限公司 Bidirectional DC converter

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Address after: 215000 52 tianedang Road, Yuexi, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Patentee after: Suzhou Huichuan United Power System Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 215000 52 tianedang Road, Yuexi, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province

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