CN114884365A - Three-phase converter - Google Patents

Three-phase converter Download PDF

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CN114884365A
CN114884365A CN202210543915.1A CN202210543915A CN114884365A CN 114884365 A CN114884365 A CN 114884365A CN 202210543915 A CN202210543915 A CN 202210543915A CN 114884365 A CN114884365 A CN 114884365A
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phase
bridge
inductor
circuit
switch
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向小路
陈强
李俊敏
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Shenzhen Shenyuan Technology Energy Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584Bidirectional converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种三相变换器,包括三相桥式开关电路、谐振腔、三个隔离变压器以及三相桥式整流电路,所述谐振腔包括三个谐振电路,三个所述谐振电路分别对应连接于三相桥式开关电路的三个桥臂的中点和三个隔离变压器初级绕组之间,其中,每一谐振电路包括第一电感、第二电感以及第一电容,所述第一电容的一端连接第一电感和第二电感的一端,该第一电容的另一端连接三相桥式开关电路中一桥臂的中点,所述第一电感和第二电感的另一端连接一隔离变压器的初级绕组,三个隔离变压器次级绕组的同名端分别对应连接三相桥式整流电路的三个桥臂的中点,三个所述隔离变压器初级绕组和次级绕组的异名端分别互相连接形成Y型连接。

Figure 202210543915

The invention discloses a three-phase converter, comprising a three-phase bridge switch circuit, a resonant cavity, three isolation transformers and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, wherein the resonant cavity comprises three resonant circuits, and the three resonant circuits Correspondingly connected between the midpoints of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge switch circuit and the primary windings of the three isolation transformers, wherein each resonant circuit includes a first inductance, a second inductance and a first capacitor, and the first One end of a capacitor is connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the midpoint of a bridge arm in the three-phase bridge switch circuit, and the other end of the first inductor and the second inductor is connected A primary winding of an isolation transformer, the ends of the same name of the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers correspond to the midpoints of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit respectively, and the three synonyms of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the isolation transformers The ends are respectively connected to each other to form a Y-shaped connection.

Figure 202210543915

Description

一种三相变换器A three-phase converter

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电源转换技术领域,更具体地涉及一种三相变换器。The present invention relates to the technical field of power conversion, and more particularly to a three-phase converter.

背景技术Background technique

双向DC-DC变换器是能够根据需要调节能量双向传输的直流/直流的变换器,其主要运用于储能系统、车载电源系统、回馈充放电系统、混合能源电动汽车等场合。The bidirectional DC-DC converter is a DC/DC converter that can adjust the bidirectional transmission of energy according to the needs. It is mainly used in energy storage systems, vehicle power supply systems, feedback charging and discharging systems, hybrid energy electric vehicles and other occasions.

在传统的LLC谐振双向变换器中,无论正反向工作均能够实现原边侧开关管的ZVS导通以及整流侧二极管的ZCS导通,但其在能量反向流动时,其电路特性不再是LLC谐振特性而退化为LC谐振特性,LC谐振最大的电压增益变为1,大大降低了反向工作时的电压增益,使输出电压范围极大变窄,因此不太适合工作在宽电压范围能量双向流动的状态,限制了其应用场景。In the traditional LLC resonant bidirectional converter, the ZVS conduction of the primary side switch tube and the ZCS conduction of the rectifier side diode can be realized regardless of the forward and reverse operation, but when the energy flows in the reverse direction, its circuit characteristics are no longer It is an LLC resonance characteristic and degenerates into an LC resonance characteristic. The maximum voltage gain of LC resonance becomes 1, which greatly reduces the voltage gain during reverse operation and greatly narrows the output voltage range, so it is not suitable for working in a wide voltage range. The state of bidirectional flow of energy limits its application scenarios.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种正反向工作时损耗较小,能提升工作电压范围的三相变换器。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a three-phase converter that has less loss during forward and reverse operation and can increase the working voltage range.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种三相变换器,包括三相桥式开关电路、谐振腔、三个隔离变压器以及三相桥式整流电路,所述三相桥式开关电路和三相桥式整流电路的一侧分别作为三相变换器的第一连接侧和第二连接侧,所述谐振腔包括三个谐振电路,三个所述谐振电路分别对应连接于三相桥式开关电路的三个桥臂的中点和三个隔离变压器初级绕组之间,其中,In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a three-phase converter, including a three-phase bridge switch circuit, a resonant cavity, three isolation transformers and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, the three-phase bridge switch circuit and the three-phase bridge switch circuit. One side of the bridge rectifier circuit is respectively used as the first connection side and the second connection side of the three-phase converter, the resonant cavity includes three resonant circuits, and the three resonant circuits are respectively connected to the three-phase bridge switch circuit. between the midpoints of the three bridge arms and the primary windings of the three isolation transformers, where,

每一谐振电路包括第一电感、第二电感以及第一电容,所述第一电容的一端连接第一电感和第二电感的一端,该第一电容的另一端连接三相桥式开关电路中一桥臂的中点,所述第一电感和第二电感的另一端连接一隔离变压器的初级绕组,三个隔离变压器次级绕组的同名端分别对应连接三相桥式整流电路的三个桥臂的中点,三个所述隔离变压器初级绕组和次级绕组的异名端分别互相连接形成Y型连接。Each resonant circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the three-phase bridge switch circuit. The midpoint of a bridge arm, the other ends of the first inductance and the second inductance are connected to the primary winding of an isolation transformer, and the ends of the same name of the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to the three bridges of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit. At the midpoint of the arm, the synonymous ends of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to each other to form a Y-shaped connection.

其进一步技术方案为:所述三相桥式开关电路包括六个开关管,每两个开关管串联构成一个桥臂,三个桥臂并联后其两端作为三相变换器的第一连接侧。Its further technical scheme is as follows: the three-phase bridge switch circuit includes six switch tubes, every two switch tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and the two ends of the three bridge arms are used as the first connection side of the three-phase converter after the three bridge arms are connected in parallel. .

其进一步技术方案为:所述三相桥式整流电路包括六个开关管,每两个开关管串联构成一个桥臂,三个桥臂并联后其两端作为三相变换器的第二连接侧。Its further technical scheme is as follows: the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit includes six switch tubes, every two switch tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and the two ends of the three bridge arms are used as the second connection side of the three-phase converter after the three bridge arms are connected in parallel. .

其进一步技术方案为:所述开关管选用MOSFET或IGBT。Its further technical scheme is: the switch tube selects MOSFET or IGBT.

其进一步技术方案为:所述三相变换器还包括第一滤波电容和第二滤波电容,所述第一滤波电容两端连接至三相变换器的第一连接侧,所述第二滤波电容两端连接至第二连接侧。A further technical solution is: the three-phase converter further includes a first filter capacitor and a second filter capacitor, both ends of the first filter capacitor are connected to the first connection side of the three-phase converter, and the second filter capacitor Both ends are connected to the second connection side.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供一种三相变换器,包括三相桥式开关电路、谐振腔、三个隔离变压器以及三相桥式整流电路,所述三相桥式开关电路和三相桥式整流电路的一侧分别作为三相变换器的第一连接侧和第二连接侧,所述谐振腔包括三个谐振电路,三个所述谐振电路分别对应连接于三相桥式开关电路的三个桥臂的中点和三个隔离变压器初级绕组之间,其中,In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a three-phase converter, which includes a three-phase bridge switch circuit, a resonant cavity, three isolation transformers and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit. One side of the phase bridge rectifier circuit is respectively used as the first connection side and the second connection side of the three-phase converter, the resonant cavity includes three resonant circuits, and the three resonant circuits are respectively connected to the three-phase bridge switches. Between the midpoints of the three bridge arms of the circuit and the primary windings of the three isolation transformers, where,

每一谐振电路包括第一电感、第二电感以及第一电容,所述第一电感的两端分别连接第一电容和第二电感的一端,且该第一电感连接第二电感的一端还连接三相桥式开关电路中一桥臂的中点,所述第一电容和第二电感的另一端连接一隔离变压器的初级绕组,三个隔离变压器次级绕组的同名端分别对应连接三相桥式整流电路的三个桥臂的中点,三个所述隔离变压器初级绕组和次级绕组的异名端分别互相连接形成Y型连接。Each resonant circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, two ends of the first inductor are respectively connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the second inductor, and one end of the first inductor connected to the second inductor is also connected to The midpoint of a bridge arm in the three-phase bridge switch circuit, the other ends of the first capacitor and the second inductance are connected to the primary winding of an isolation transformer, and the ends of the same name of the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to the three-phase bridge. The midpoint of the three bridge arms of the type rectifier circuit, and the different names of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to each other to form a Y-shaped connection.

与现有技术相比,本发明三相变换器中的谐振电路在能量正反向流动时的等效电路均为三元件谐振电路,正反向工作时均实现软开关,损耗小,解决了传统LLC谐振电路反向增益不足的问题,即本发明三相变换器在能量反向流动时,即能量从第二连接侧向第一连接侧流动时可升压,可有效提升变换器的工作电压范围,实现宽电压范围输入输出。Compared with the prior art, the equivalent circuit of the resonant circuit in the three-phase converter of the present invention is a three-element resonant circuit when the energy flows in the forward and reverse directions, soft switching is realized in both forward and reverse operation, the loss is small, and the problem is solved. The problem of insufficient reverse gain of the traditional LLC resonant circuit, that is, the three-phase converter of the present invention can boost the voltage when the energy flows in the reverse direction, that is, when the energy flows from the second connection side to the first connection side, which can effectively improve the work of the converter Voltage range to achieve wide voltage range input and output.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明三相变换器第一实施例的电路示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a three-phase converter of the present invention.

图2是本发明三相变换器第二实施例的电路示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the three-phase converter of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本领域的普通技术人员更加清楚地理解本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述。In order for those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

参照图1,图1为本发明三相变换器10第一实施例的电路示意图。在附图所示的实施例中,所述三相变换器10包括三相桥式开关电路100、谐振腔200、三个隔离变压器以及三相桥式整流电路300,所述三相桥式开关电路100和三相桥式整流电路300的一侧分别作为三相变换器10的第一连接侧和第二连接侧,以连接电源或负载,所述谐振腔包括三个谐振电路,三个所述谐振电路分别对应连接于三相桥式开关电路100的三个桥臂的中点和三个隔离变压器初级绕组之间。其中,每一所述谐振电路包括第一电容、第一电感以及第二电感,所述第一电容的一端连接第一电感和第二电感的一端,该第一电容的另一端连接三相桥式开关电路100中一桥臂的中点,所述第一电感和第二电感的另一端连接一隔离变压器的初级绕组,三个隔离变压器次级绕组的同名端分别对应连接三相桥式整流电路300的三个桥臂的中点,三个所述隔离变压器初级绕组和次级绕组的异名端分别互相连接形成Y型连接,即三个所述隔离变压器初级绕组的异名端互相连接形成Y型连接,该三个隔离变压器次级绕组的异名端同样互相连接形成Y型连接。优选地,所述第一电感和第二电感的电感量相同。Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a three-phase converter 10 of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the three-phase converter 10 includes a three-phase bridge switch circuit 100, a resonant cavity 200, three isolation transformers and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit 300. The three-phase bridge switch One side of the circuit 100 and the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit 300 are respectively used as the first connection side and the second connection side of the three-phase converter 10 to connect the power supply or the load. The resonant cavity includes three resonant circuits, and the three The resonant circuits are respectively connected between the midpoints of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge switch circuit 100 and the primary windings of the three isolation transformers. Wherein, each of the resonant circuits includes a first capacitor, a first inductor and a second inductor, one end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the three-phase bridge The midpoint of a bridge arm in the switch circuit 100, the other ends of the first inductance and the second inductance are connected to the primary winding of an isolation transformer, and the ends of the same name of the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to the three-phase bridge rectifier. At the midpoint of the three bridge arms of the circuit 300, the synonymous ends of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to each other to form a Y-shaped connection, that is, the synonymous ends of the primary windings of the three isolation transformers are connected to each other. A Y-shaped connection is formed, and the opposite ends of the three isolation transformer secondary windings are also connected to each other to form a Y-shaped connection. Preferably, the inductances of the first inductance and the second inductance are the same.

具体地,本实施例中,所述谐振腔200包括第一谐振电路、第二谐振电路和第三谐振电路,三个隔离变压器包括第一隔离变压器T1、第二隔离变压器T2以及第三隔离变压器T3,所述第一谐振电路包括第一电感L1、第二电感L2和第一电容C1,所述第二谐振电路包括第一电感L3、第二电感L4和第一电容C2,所述第三谐振电路包括第一电感L5、第二电感L6和第一电容C3,所述第一电容C1、第一电容C2以及第一电容C3对应连接所述三相桥式开关电路100的三个桥臂的中点,所述第二电感L2、第二电感L4以及第二电感L6分别对应连接第一隔离变压器T1、第二隔离变压器T2以及第三隔离变压器T3初级绕组的异名端。Specifically, in this embodiment, the resonant cavity 200 includes a first resonant circuit, a second resonant circuit and a third resonant circuit, and the three isolation transformers include a first isolation transformer T1, a second isolation transformer T2 and a third isolation transformer T3, the first resonant circuit includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2 and a first capacitor C1, the second resonant circuit includes a first inductor L3, a second inductor L4 and a first capacitor C2, the third The resonant circuit includes a first inductor L5 , a second inductor L6 and a first capacitor C3 , and the first capacitor C1 , the first capacitor C2 and the first capacitor C3 are correspondingly connected to the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge switch circuit 100 The midpoint of the second inductance L2, the second inductance L4 and the second inductance L6 are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the primary windings of the first isolation transformer T1, the second isolation transformer T2 and the third isolation transformer T3.

本实施例中,当能量正向流动时,即能量从第一连接侧向第二连接侧流动时,三相变换器10的第一连接侧作为直流输入端,可外接电源,其第二连接侧作为直流输出端,可外接负载;而当能量反向流动时,即能量从第二连接侧向第一连接侧流动时,则三相变换器10的第二连接侧作为直流输入端,其第一连接侧作为直流输出端。本发明三相变换器10结构简单,在能量正反向流动时的等效电路均为三元件谐振电路,正反向工作时均可实现软开关,损耗小,解决了传统LLC谐振电路反向增益不足的问题,即在能量从第二连接侧向第一连接侧流动时可升压,可有效提升变换器的输入输出电压范围,实现宽电压范围输入输出,可适用于大功率电路;且三个隔离变压器的初级绕组和次级绕阻均采用Y型连接,流入Y型连接中点的总电流和流出Y型连接中点的总电流相等,即三个谐振电路的电流之和为“0”,因此任意时刻始终有一个谐振电路的电流为另外两个谐振电路的电流之和,则在整个开关周期内即便每个谐振电路的谐振参数有一定的容差,但它们的电流有效值偏差也很小,从而保证三个谐振电路之间的电流均衡,避免某个谐振电路电流过大而导致该电路的器件损坏或过热。In this embodiment, when the energy flows in the forward direction, that is, when the energy flows from the first connection side to the second connection side, the first connection side of the three-phase converter 10 is used as the DC input end, and an external power supply can be connected. The second connection side of the three-phase converter 10 is used as the DC input end, and when the energy flows in the reverse direction, that is, when the energy flows from the second connection side to the first connection side, the second connection side of the three-phase converter 10 is used as the DC input end, and its The first connection side serves as a DC output terminal. The three-phase converter 10 of the present invention has a simple structure, and the equivalent circuits when the energy flows in the forward and reverse directions are all three-element resonant circuits. Soft switching can be realized in the forward and reverse operation, and the loss is small, which solves the problem of the reverse direction of the traditional LLC resonant circuit. The problem of insufficient gain, that is, the voltage can be boosted when the energy flows from the second connection side to the first connection side, which can effectively improve the input and output voltage range of the converter, realize a wide voltage range input and output, and can be applied to high-power circuits; and The primary windings and secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are Y-connected, and the total current flowing into the midpoint of the Y-connection is equal to the total current flowing out of the midpoint of the Y-connection, that is, the sum of the currents of the three resonant circuits is " 0”, so the current of one resonant circuit is always the sum of the currents of the other two resonant circuits at any time, then even if the resonant parameters of each resonant circuit have a certain tolerance during the entire switching cycle, their current RMS The deviation is also small, so as to ensure the current balance among the three resonant circuits, and avoid excessive current in a certain resonant circuit, which may cause damage or overheating of the devices of the circuit.

在某些实施例中,所述三相桥式开关电路100包括第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3、第四开关管Q4、第五开关管Q5以及第六开关管Q6共六个开关管,每两个开关管串联构成一个桥臂,三个桥臂并联后其两端作为三相变换器10的第一连接侧,其中,所述第一开关管Q1和第二开关管Q2串联构成的桥臂的中点与第一谐振电路连接,所述第三开关管Q3和第四开关管Q4串联构成的桥臂的中点与第二谐振电路连接,第五开关管Q5和第六开关管Q6串联构成的桥臂的中点与第三谐振电路连接。本实施例中,采用PFM方式控制开关管的工作,即占空比恒定,调制波频率可变,从而可实现三相变换器10的各开关管均为软开关。In some embodiments, the three-phase bridge switch circuit 100 includes a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q4, a fifth switch Q5 and a sixth switch The tube Q6 has a total of six switching tubes, and every two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm. After the three bridge arms are connected in parallel, their two ends serve as the first connection side of the three-phase converter 10, wherein the first switching tubes Q1 and The midpoint of the bridge arm formed by the second switch transistor Q2 in series is connected to the first resonant circuit, the midpoint of the bridge arm formed by the third switch transistor Q3 and the fourth switch transistor Q4 in series is connected to the second resonant circuit, and the fifth switch transistor Q3 and the fourth switch transistor Q4 are connected in series. The midpoint of the bridge arm formed by the switch tube Q5 and the sixth switch tube Q6 in series is connected to the third resonant circuit. In this embodiment, the PFM method is used to control the operation of the switching tubes, that is, the duty cycle is constant, and the frequency of the modulating wave is variable, so that each switching tube of the three-phase converter 10 can be a soft switch.

在附图所示的实施例中,所述三相桥式整流电路300包括第七开关管Q7、第八开关管Q8、第九开关管Q9、第十开关管Q10、第十一开关管Q11以及第十二开关管Q12六个开关管,每两个开关管串联构成一个桥臂,三个桥臂并联后其两端作为三相变换器10的第二连接侧,其中,所述第七开关管Q7和第八开关管Q8串联构成的桥臂的中点与第一隔离变压器T1的次级绕组连接,所述第九开关管Q9和第十开关管Q10串联构成的桥臂的中点与第二隔离变压器T2的次级绕组连接,第十一开关管Q11和第十二开关管Q12串联构成的桥臂的中点与第三隔离变压器T3的次级绕组连接。基于该设计,在能量正向流动时,所述三相桥式整流电路300可将隔离变压器周期性输出的电压波形进行整流,产生负载所需的工作电压。优选地,所述开关管可选用MOS、IGBT或其他可控功率开关管,以实现更好的电路性能,在某些其他实施例中,在每一开关管上还可并联一二极管,若开关管选用MOS管,则在其漏极和源极之间并联一二极管,而若开关管选用IGBT管,则在其发射极和集电极之间并联一二极管。In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit 300 includes a seventh switch transistor Q7, an eighth switch transistor Q8, a ninth switch transistor Q9, a tenth switch transistor Q10, and an eleventh switch transistor Q11 And the twelfth switch tube Q12 has six switch tubes, and every two switch tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm. After the three bridge arms are connected in parallel, their two ends are used as the second connection side of the three-phase converter 10, wherein the seventh The midpoint of the bridge arm formed by the switch tube Q7 and the eighth switch tube Q8 in series is connected to the secondary winding of the first isolation transformer T1, and the midpoint of the bridge arm formed by the ninth switch tube Q9 and the tenth switch tube Q10 in series It is connected to the secondary winding of the second isolation transformer T2, and the midpoint of the bridge arm formed by the eleventh switch Q11 and the twelfth switch Q12 in series is connected to the secondary winding of the third isolation transformer T3. Based on this design, when the energy flows in the forward direction, the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit 300 can rectify the voltage waveform periodically output by the isolation transformer to generate the working voltage required by the load. Preferably, MOS, IGBT or other controllable power switch tubes can be selected as the switch tubes to achieve better circuit performance. In some other embodiments, a diode can also be connected in parallel with each switch tube. If the MOS tube is selected as the tube, a diode is connected in parallel between its drain and source, and if the switch tube is selected as an IGBT tube, a diode is connected in parallel between its emitter and collector.

进一步地,所述三相变换器10还包括第一滤波电容C8和第二滤波电容C9,所述第一滤波电容C8两端连接至三相变换器10的第一连接侧,所述第二滤波电容C9两端连接至三相变换器10的第二连接侧。Further, the three-phase converter 10 further includes a first filter capacitor C8 and a second filter capacitor C9, both ends of the first filter capacitor C8 are connected to the first connection side of the three-phase converter 10, and the second filter capacitor C8 is connected to the first connection side of the three-phase converter 10. Both ends of the filter capacitor C9 are connected to the second connection side of the three-phase converter 10 .

可理解地,本实施例中,在能量正向传输时,通过控制第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3、第四开关管Q4、第五开关管Q5和第六开关管Q6的开关频率来实现三相变换器10的宽范围电压输出,且每个桥臂上的两个开关管互补导通,可实现电路软开关;能量反向传输时,谐振电路的等效电路也为三元件谐振电路,因此,通过控制第七开关管Q7、第八开关管Q8、第九开关管Q9、第十开关管Q10、第十一开关管Q11和第十二开关管Q12的开关频率可实现与正向传输时同样的宽范围电压输出,且每个桥臂上的两个开关管互补导通,可实现电路软开关。并且,在开关管开关频率等于谐振频率时,连接于隔离变压器初级绕组的谐振电路中的电容可避免出现阻抗为零的情况。Understandably, in this embodiment, when the energy is transmitted in the forward direction, by controlling the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3, the fourth switch Q4, the fifth switch Q5 and the sixth switch The switching frequency of the switch tube Q6 is used to realize the wide-range voltage output of the three-phase converter 10, and the two switch tubes on each bridge arm are complementarily turned on, which can realize the soft switching of the circuit; The effective circuit is also a three-element resonant circuit. Therefore, by controlling the seventh switch Q7, the eighth switch Q8, the ninth switch Q9, the tenth switch Q10, the eleventh switch Q11 and the twelfth switch Q12 The switching frequency can achieve the same wide-range voltage output as the forward transmission, and the two switching tubes on each bridge arm are complementarily turned on, which can realize circuit soft switching. Moreover, when the switching frequency of the switch tube is equal to the resonant frequency, the capacitor in the resonant circuit connected to the primary winding of the isolation transformer can avoid the situation where the impedance is zero.

本发明三相变换器10采用三相交错技术,Q1和Q2、Q3和Q4、Q5和Q6的导通相位差均为180度,Q1,Q3,Q5的导通时序上互差120度;因此Q2,Q4,Q6的导通时序也互差120度,三相输入输出电流相差120度,三相电路的输入输出电流波动互补,使得输入输出电流纹波较小,从而实现较好电路性能。在任意时刻,Q1,Q3,Q5中至少一个至多两个会导通,同样Q2,Q4,Q6中也是至少一个至多两个会导通,且导通的开关管个数始终等于三个。以三个谐振电路的其中一个为例,当Q1、Q4和Q6导通时,谐振直流电压通过第一开关管Q1传送至第一隔离变压器T1,同时第一谐振电路的电流值增大,进行储能,第七开关管Q7导通,和第二滤波电容C9实现对第一隔离变压器T1的输出电压进行整流、滤波,以输出稳定的电压,控制输出电流;当Q2、Q3和Q5导通时,谐振直流反向电压通过第二开关管Q2传送至第一隔离变压器T1,同时第一谐振电路反向电流值增大,对第一隔离变压器T1进行供电,第八开关管Q8导通,实现对第一隔离变压器T1的输出电压进行整流、滤波,以输出稳定的电压,控制输出电流。同理,其余两个谐振电路工作原理与此路一致。The three-phase converter 10 of the present invention adopts three-phase interleaving technology, the conduction phase differences of Q1 and Q2, Q3 and Q4, Q5 and Q6 are all 180 degrees, and the conduction timings of Q1, Q3, and Q5 are 120 degrees different from each other; therefore, The turn-on timings of Q2, Q4, and Q6 also differ by 120 degrees, and the three-phase input and output currents differ by 120 degrees. The input and output current fluctuations of the three-phase circuit complement each other, so that the input and output current ripple is small, thereby achieving better circuit performance. At any time, at least one of Q1, Q3, and Q5 will be turned on, and at least one of Q2, Q4, and Q6 will be turned on, and the number of turned-on switches is always equal to three. Taking one of the three resonant circuits as an example, when Q1, Q4 and Q6 are turned on, the resonant DC voltage is transmitted to the first isolation transformer T1 through the first switch tube Q1, and the current value of the first resonant circuit increases, and the Energy storage, the seventh switch tube Q7 is turned on, and the second filter capacitor C9 is used to rectify and filter the output voltage of the first isolation transformer T1 to output a stable voltage and control the output current; when Q2, Q3 and Q5 are turned on When , the resonant DC reverse voltage is transmitted to the first isolation transformer T1 through the second switch tube Q2, and at the same time, the reverse current value of the first resonant circuit increases to supply power to the first isolation transformer T1, and the eighth switch tube Q8 is turned on, The output voltage of the first isolation transformer T1 is rectified and filtered to output a stable voltage and control the output current. In the same way, the working principle of the other two resonant circuits is the same as this one.

参照图2,图2为本发明三相变换器10第二实施例的电路示意图,本实施例与第一实施例的不同在于谐振电路的具体结构不同,其余电路结构相同或相似。具体地,本实施例中,所述谐振电路包括有第一电感、第二电感以及第一电容,所述第一电感的两端分别连接第一电容和第二电感的一端,且该第一电感连接第二电感的一端还连接三相桥式开关电路中一桥臂的中点,所述第一电容和第二电感的另一端连接一隔离变压器的初级绕组。则本实施例中,所述第一谐振电路包括第一电感L1、第二电感L2和第一电容C1,所述第二谐振电路包括第一电感L3、第二电感L4和第一电容C2,所述第三谐振电路包括第一电感L5、第二电感L6和第一电容C3;所述第一电容C1、第一电容C2以及第一电容C3分别对应连接第一隔离变压器T1、第二隔离变压器T2以及第三隔离变压器T3初级绕组的同名端,第二电感L2、第二电感L4以及第二电感L6分别对应连接第一隔离变压器T1、第二隔离变压器T2以及第三隔离变压器T3初级绕组的异名端,所述第一电感L1、第一电感L3和第一电感L5分别对应连接三相桥式开关电路100的三个桥臂的中点。本实施例中的谐振电路在能量正反向流动时损耗均较小,同样可以有效提升变换器10的工作电压范围,实现宽电压范围输入输出。Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the three-phase converter 10 of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is the specific structure of the resonant circuit, and the other circuit structures are the same or similar. Specifically, in this embodiment, the resonant circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a first capacitor, two ends of the first inductor are respectively connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the second inductor, and the first inductor One end of the inductor connected to the second inductor is also connected to the midpoint of a bridge arm in the three-phase bridge switch circuit, and the other ends of the first capacitor and the second inductor are connected to the primary winding of an isolation transformer. In this embodiment, the first resonant circuit includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2 and a first capacitor C1, and the second resonant circuit includes a first inductor L3, a second inductor L4 and a first capacitor C2, The third resonant circuit includes a first inductor L5, a second inductor L6 and a first capacitor C3; the first capacitor C1, the first capacitor C2 and the first capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the first isolation transformer T1 and the second isolation transformer T1, respectively. The same-named ends of the primary windings of the transformer T2 and the third isolation transformer T3, the second inductance L2, the second inductance L4 and the second inductance L6 are respectively connected to the primary windings of the first isolation transformer T1, the second isolation transformer T2 and the third isolation transformer T3 The first inductance L1 , the first inductance L3 and the first inductance L5 are respectively connected to the midpoints of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge switch circuit 100 . The resonant circuit in this embodiment has less loss when the energy flows in the forward and reverse directions, which can also effectively increase the operating voltage range of the converter 10 and realize a wide voltage range of input and output.

综上所述,本发明三相变换器中的谐振电路在能量正反向流动时的等效电路均为三元件谐振电路,正反向工作时实现软开关,损耗小,解决了传统LLC谐振电路反向增益不足的问题,即本发明三相变换器在能量反向流动时,即能量从第二连接侧向第一连接侧流动时可升压,可有效提升变换器的工作电压范围,实现宽电压范围输入输出。To sum up, the equivalent circuit of the resonant circuit in the three-phase converter of the present invention is a three-element resonant circuit when the energy flows in the forward and reverse directions. Soft switching is realized in the forward and reverse operation, and the loss is small, which solves the problem of the traditional LLC resonance. The problem of insufficient reverse gain of the circuit, that is, the three-phase converter of the present invention can boost the voltage when the energy flows in the reverse direction, that is, when the energy flows from the second connection side to the first connection side, which can effectively increase the working voltage range of the converter. Realize wide voltage range input and output.

以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,而非对本发明做任何形式上的限制。本领域的技术人员可在上述实施例的基础上施以各种等同的更改和改进,凡在权利要求范围内所做的等同变化或修饰,均应落入本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Those skilled in the art can apply various equivalent changes and improvements on the basis of the above embodiments, and all equivalent changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种三相变换器,其特征在于:所述三相变换器包括三相桥式开关电路、谐振腔、三个隔离变压器以及三相桥式整流电路,所述三相桥式开关电路和三相桥式整流电路的一侧分别作为三相变换器的第一连接侧和第二连接侧,所述谐振腔包括三个谐振电路,三个所述谐振电路分别对应连接于三相桥式开关电路的三个桥臂的中点和三个隔离变压器初级绕组之间,其中,1. A three-phase converter, characterized in that: the three-phase converter comprises a three-phase bridge switch circuit, a resonant cavity, three isolation transformers and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, and the three-phase bridge switch circuit and one side of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit are respectively used as the first connection side and the second connection side of the three-phase converter, the resonant cavity includes three resonant circuits, and the three resonant circuits are respectively connected to the three-phase bridge. between the midpoints of the three bridge arms of the switch circuit and the primary windings of the three isolation transformers, where, 每一谐振电路包括第一电感、第二电感以及第一电容,所述第一电容的一端连接第一电感和第二电感的一端,该第一电容的另一端连接三相桥式开关电路中一桥臂的中点,所述第一电感和第二电感的另一端连接一隔离变压器的初级绕组,三个隔离变压器次级绕组的同名端分别对应连接三相桥式整流电路的三个桥臂的中点,三个所述隔离变压器初级绕组和次级绕组的异名端分别互相连接形成Y型连接。Each resonant circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the three-phase bridge switch circuit. The midpoint of a bridge arm, the other ends of the first inductance and the second inductance are connected to the primary winding of an isolation transformer, and the ends of the same name of the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to the three bridges of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit. At the midpoint of the arm, the synonymous ends of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to each other to form a Y-shaped connection. 2.如权利要求1所述的三相变换器,其特征在于:所述三相桥式开关电路包括六个开关管,每两个开关管串联构成一个桥臂,三个桥臂并联后其两端作为三相变换器的第一连接侧。2 . The three-phase converter according to claim 1 , wherein the three-phase bridge switch circuit comprises six switch tubes, every two switch tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and three bridge arms are connected in parallel to form a bridge arm. 3 . Both ends serve as the first connection side of the three-phase converter. 3.如权利要求1所述的三相变换器,其特征在于:所述三相桥式整流电路包括六个开关管,每两个开关管串联构成一个桥臂,三个桥臂并联后其两端作为三相变换器的第二连接侧。3 . The three-phase converter according to claim 1 , wherein the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit comprises six switch tubes, every two switch tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and three bridge arms are connected in parallel to form a bridge arm. 4 . Both ends serve as the second connection side of the three-phase converter. 4.如权利要求2或3所述的三相变换器,其特征在于:所述开关管选用MOSFET或IGBT。4. The three-phase converter according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the switch tube is selected from MOSFET or IGBT. 5.如权利要求1所述的三相变换器,其特征在于:所述三相变换器还包括第一滤波电容和第二滤波电容,所述第一滤波电容两端连接至三相变换器的第一连接侧,所述第二滤波电容两端连接至第二连接侧。5. The three-phase converter of claim 1, wherein the three-phase converter further comprises a first filter capacitor and a second filter capacitor, and both ends of the first filter capacitor are connected to the three-phase converter The first connection side of the second filter capacitor is connected to the second connection side. 6.一种三相变换器,其特征在于:所述三相变换器包括三相桥式开关电路、谐振腔、三个隔离变压器以及三相桥式整流电路,所述三相桥式开关电路和三相桥式整流电路的一侧分别作为三相变换器的第一连接侧和第二连接侧,所述谐振腔包括三个谐振电路,三个所述谐振电路分别对应连接于三相桥式开关电路的三个桥臂的中点和三个隔离变压器初级绕组之间,其中,6. A three-phase converter, characterized in that: the three-phase converter comprises a three-phase bridge switch circuit, a resonant cavity, three isolation transformers and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, and the three-phase bridge switch circuit and one side of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit are respectively used as the first connection side and the second connection side of the three-phase converter, the resonant cavity includes three resonant circuits, and the three resonant circuits are respectively connected to the three-phase bridge. between the midpoints of the three bridge arms of the switch circuit and the primary windings of the three isolation transformers, where, 每一谐振电路包括第一电感、第二电感以及第一电容,所述第一电感的两端分别连接第一电容和第二电感的一端,且该第一电感连接第二电感的一端还连接三相桥式开关电路中一桥臂的中点,所述第一电容和第二电感的另一端连接一隔离变压器的初级绕组,三个隔离变压器次级绕组的同名端分别对应连接三相桥式整流电路的三个桥臂的中点,三个所述隔离变压器初级绕组和次级绕组的异名端分别互相连接形成Y型连接。Each resonant circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, two ends of the first inductor are respectively connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the second inductor, and one end of the first inductor connected to the second inductor is also connected to The midpoint of a bridge arm in the three-phase bridge switch circuit, the other ends of the first capacitor and the second inductance are connected to the primary winding of an isolation transformer, and the ends of the same name of the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to the three-phase bridge. The midpoint of the three bridge arms of the type rectifier circuit, and the different names of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three isolation transformers are respectively connected to each other to form a Y-shaped connection.
CN202210543915.1A 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Three-phase converter Pending CN114884365A (en)

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CN113595395A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-02 成都迈林特科技有限公司 Fuzzy PID control-based double-circuit LLC resonant power supply and current sharing implementation method
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