SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an efficient two-way DC-DC converter that can realize wide voltage range and full range and realize soft switch is provided.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bidirectional DC-DC converter including a three-phase bridge switching circuit, a resonant cavity, three transformers, and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, an input side of the three-phase bridge switching circuit and an output side of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit serving as a first connection side and a second connection side of the converter, respectively, wherein,
the resonant cavity comprises three resonant circuits, each resonant circuit comprises a capacitor and two inductors, one end of one inductor is connected with one end of the capacitor and one end of the other inductor, the other end of any inductor of each resonant circuit in the three resonant circuits is correspondingly connected with the middle points of three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit respectively, the other end of the other inductor in each resonant circuit is correspondingly connected with the homonymy ends of primary windings of three transformers respectively, the homonymy ends of secondary windings of the three transformers are correspondingly connected with the middle points of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge type rectifying circuit respectively, the heteronymy ends of the secondary windings of the three transformers are connected with each other to form Y-shaped connection, and the heteronymy ends of the primary windings of the three transformers are connected with each other to form Y-shaped connection and are connected with the other ends of the capacitors in the three resonant circuits.
The further technical scheme is as follows: each resonant circuit further comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected between the midpoint of the bridge arm of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit and the inductor.
The further technical scheme is as follows: each resonant circuit further comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected between the transformer and the inductor.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the three-phase bridge type switching circuit comprises six switching tubes, every two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and two ends of the three bridge arms are used as a first connection side of the converter after being connected in parallel.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the three-phase bridge rectification circuit comprises six switching tubes, every two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and two ends of the three bridge arms are used as second connection sides of the converter after the three bridge arms are connected in parallel.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the switch tube is selected from MOSFET or IGBT.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the bidirectional DC-DC converter further comprises a first filter capacitor and a second filter capacitor, wherein two ends of the first filter capacitor are connected to the input side of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit, and two ends of the second filter capacitor are connected to the output side of the three-phase bridge type rectifying circuit.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a bidirectional DC-DC converter including a three-phase bridge switching circuit, a resonant cavity, three transformers, and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit connected in this order, an input side of the three-phase bridge switching circuit and an output side of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit being respectively a first connection side and a second connection side of the converter, wherein,
the resonant cavity comprises three resonant circuits, each resonant circuit comprises a capacitor and two inductors, one end of one inductor is connected with one end of the capacitor and one end of the other inductor, the other end of any inductor of each resonant circuit in the three resonant circuits is correspondingly connected with the middle points of three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit respectively, the other end of the other inductor in each resonant circuit is correspondingly connected with the homonymy ends of primary windings of three transformers respectively, the homonymy ends of secondary windings of the three transformers are correspondingly connected with the middle points of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge type rectifying circuit respectively, the heteronymy ends of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three transformers are connected with each other respectively to form Y-shaped connection, and the other ends of the capacitors in the three resonant circuits are connected with each other to form Y-shaped connection.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a bidirectional DC-DC converter including a three-phase bridge switching circuit, a resonant cavity, three transformers, and a three-phase bridge rectifier circuit connected in this order, an input side of the three-phase bridge switching circuit and an output side of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit being respectively a first connection side and a second connection side of the converter, wherein,
the resonant cavity comprises three resonant circuits, each resonant circuit comprises a capacitor and two inductors, one end of one inductor is connected with one end of the capacitor and one end of the other inductor, the other end of any inductor of each resonant circuit in the three resonant circuits is correspondingly connected with the middle points of three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit respectively, the other end of the other inductor in each resonant circuit is correspondingly connected with the homonymy ends of primary windings of three transformers respectively, the homonymy ends of secondary windings of the three transformers are correspondingly connected with the middle points of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge type rectifying circuit respectively, the heteronymy ends of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three transformers are mutually connected to form Y-shaped connection respectively, and the other ends of the capacitors in the three resonant circuits are connected to the lowest ends of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses two-way DC-DC converter can make things convenient for the efficient to realize two-way transform, and resonant circuit in the resonant cavity is the LCL circuit, and equivalent circuit when the energy is positive reverse to flow is the same, and then gain curve during the rectification is almost unanimous with the gain curve during the contravariant, and the output voltage scope of converter all obtains promoting during the forward and reverse work, can realize wide voltage range output, and can realize the performance of good soft switch when the forward and reverse work, and control is simple, the reliability is high.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 according to the present invention. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 includes a three-phase bridge switching circuit 100, a resonant cavity 200, three transformers, and a three-phase bridge rectifying circuit 300, and an input side of the three-phase bridge switching circuit 100 and an output side of the three-phase bridge rectifying circuit 300 are respectively used as a first connection side and a second connection side of the converter 10 to connect a power supply or a load. The resonant cavity 200 includes three resonant circuits, each resonant circuit includes a capacitor and two inductors, one end of one inductor is connected to one end of the capacitor and the other inductor, the other end of any inductor of each resonant circuit in the three resonant circuits is respectively and correspondingly connected to the middle points of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge switching circuit 100, the other end of the other inductor in each resonant circuit is respectively and correspondingly connected to the dotted ends of the primary windings of the three transformers, the dotted ends of the secondary windings of the three transformers are respectively and correspondingly connected to the middle points of the three bridge arms of the three-phase bridge rectifying circuit 300, the dotted ends of the secondary windings of the three transformers are mutually connected to form a Y-type connection, the dotted ends of the primary windings are mutually connected to form a Y-type connection, and the other ends of the capacitors in the three resonant circuits are connected.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the resonant cavity 200 includes a first resonant circuit, a second resonant circuit, and a third resonant circuit, where the three transformers include a first transformer T1, a second transformer T2, and a third transformer T3, the first resonant circuit includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, and a first capacitor C1, the second resonant circuit includes a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, and a third capacitor C3, the third resonant circuit includes a fifth inductor L5, a sixth inductor L6, and a fourth capacitor C4, the first inductor L1, the third inductor L3, and the fifth inductor L5 are respectively connected to midpoints of three legs of the three-phase bridge switching circuit 100, and the second inductor L2, the fourth inductor L4, and the sixth inductor L84 are respectively connected to corresponding ends of primary windings of the first transformer T1, the second transformer T2, and the third transformer T3.
In this embodiment, when energy flows in the forward direction, the first connection side of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 serves as a DC input terminal and can be connected to an external power source, and the second connection side thereof serves as a DC output terminal and can be connected to an external load; when the energy flows in the reverse direction, the second connection side of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 serves as a DC input terminal, and the first connection side thereof serves as a DC output terminal. The utility model discloses two-way DC-DC converter 10 simple structure, equivalent circuit when energy forward and backward flows is the same, then gain curve when the rectification is almost unanimous with gain curve when the contravariant, and the output voltage scope of converter 10 is all promoted during forward and backward work, can realize wide voltage range output, and control is simple, the reliability is high; and the primary windings and the secondary windings of the three transformers are connected in a Y shape, the total current flowing into the middle point of the Y-shaped connection is equal to the total current flowing out of the middle point of the Y-shaped connection, namely the sum of the currents of the three resonant circuits is 0, so that the current of one resonant circuit is always the sum of the currents of the other two resonant circuits at any moment, and even if the resonant parameters of each resonant circuit have certain tolerance in the whole switching period, the effective current value deviation of the resonant circuits is small, so that the current balance among the three resonant circuits is ensured, and the phenomenon that devices of the circuit are damaged or overheated due to the fact that the current of one resonant circuit is too large is avoided.
In some embodiments, the three-phase bridge switching circuit 100 includes six switching tubes, namely a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a fifth switching tube Q5 and a sixth switching tube Q6, each two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and two ends of each three bridge arms are connected in parallel to serve as a first connection side of the converter 10, wherein a midpoint of a bridge arm formed by connecting the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 in series is connected to the first resonant circuit, a midpoint of a bridge arm formed by connecting the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 in series is connected to the second resonant circuit, and a midpoint of a bridge arm formed by connecting the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6 in series is connected to the third resonant circuit. In this embodiment, the operation of the switching tube is controlled in a PFM manner, that is, the switching tube is controlled in a constant duty ratio, the on-off time of the switching tube is constant, and then the adjustment is realized in a manner of modulating the square wave frequency, so that the zero current switching-on of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 in a low-frequency operating state can be realized.
In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit 300 includes six switching tubes, namely a seventh switching tube Q7, an eighth switching tube Q8, a ninth switching tube Q9, a tenth switching tube Q10, an eleventh switching tube Q11 and a twelfth switching tube Q12, each two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and two ends of each three bridge arms are used as the second connection side of the inverter 10 after being connected in parallel, wherein a midpoint of a bridge arm formed by connecting the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 in series is connected to the secondary winding of the first transformer T1, a midpoint of a bridge arm formed by connecting the ninth switching tube Q9 and the tenth switching tube Q10 in series is connected to the secondary winding of the second transformer T2, and a midpoint of a bridge arm formed by connecting the eleventh switching tube Q11 and the twelfth switching tube Q12 in series is connected to the secondary winding of the third transformer T3. Based on the design, when energy flows in the forward direction, the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit 300 can rectify the voltage waveform periodically output by the transformer to generate the working voltage required by the load. Preferably, the switch tube can be a MOS, IGBT or other controllable power switch tube, so as to achieve better circuit performance.
Further, the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 further includes a first filter capacitor C8 and a second filter capacitor C9, two ends of the first filter capacitor C8 are connected to the input side of the three-phase bridge switching circuit 100, and two ends of the second filter capacitor C9 are connected to the output side of the three-phase bridge rectifying circuit 300.
Understandably, in the embodiment, when energy is transmitted in the forward direction, the wide-range voltage output of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 is realized by controlling the switching frequencies of the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2, the third switching tube Q3, the fourth switching tube Q4, the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6, and two switching tubes on each bridge arm are complementarily conducted, so that the soft switching of the circuit can be realized; when energy is transmitted reversely, the resonant circuit is a symmetrical circuit topology structure, and equivalent circuits when energy flows in the forward direction and the reverse direction are the same, so that the wide-range voltage output same as that in the forward direction transmission can be realized by controlling the switching frequency of the seventh switching tube Q7, the eighth switching tube Q8, the ninth switching tube Q9, the tenth switching tube Q10, the eleventh switching tube Q11 and the twelfth switching tube Q12, and the two switching tubes on each bridge arm are in complementary conduction, so that the soft switching of the circuit can be realized. And when the switching frequency of the switching tube is equal to the resonant frequency, the capacitor in the resonant circuit connected to the different-name end of the primary winding of the transformer can avoid the condition that the impedance is zero.
The utility model discloses two-way DC-DC converter 10 adopts the three-phase interleaving technique, and Q1 and Q2, Q3 and Q4, Q5 and Q6's the phase difference of conducting is 180 degrees, and Q1, Q3, Q5's the mutual difference 120 degrees on the conduction time sequence; therefore, the conduction time sequences of Q2, Q4 and Q6 are different by 120 degrees, the phase difference of the three-phase input and output currents is 120 degrees, and the input and output current fluctuation of the three-phase circuit is complementary, so that the input and output current ripple is small, and the good circuit performance is realized. At any moment, at least one of the Q1, the Q3 and the Q5 is conducted at most two, and similarly, at least one of the Q2, the Q4 and the Q6 is conducted at most two, and the number of the conducted switching tubes is always equal to three. Taking one of the three resonant circuits as an example, when Q1, Q4 and Q6 are turned on, the resonant dc voltage is transmitted to the first transformer T1 through the first switch Q1, and at the same time, the current value of the first resonant circuit is increased to store energy, the seventh switch Q7 is turned on, and the second filter capacitor C9 is used for rectifying and filtering the output voltage of the first transformer T1 to output a stable voltage and control the output current; when the Q2, the Q3 and the Q5 are turned on, the resonant dc reverse voltage is transmitted to the first transformer T1 through the second switch Q2, and meanwhile, the reverse current value of the first resonant circuit is increased to supply power to the first transformer T1, and the eighth switch Q8 is turned on, so that the output voltage of the first transformer T1 is rectified and filtered to output a stable voltage and control the output current. Similarly, the working principle of the other two resonant circuits is consistent with the circuit.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 2 are schematic circuit diagrams of a second embodiment of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that the specific connections of the first capacitor C1, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 in the resonant cavity 200 are different. In this embodiment, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4, one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the fifth inductor L5 and the sixth inductor L6, and the other ends of the first capacitor C1, the third capacitor C3, and the fourth capacitor C4 are all connected to the lowest ends of the three legs of the three-phase bridge-type switching circuit 100, so that the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 can implement bidirectional conversion. In some other implementations, the specific connection structure of the end of the three capacitors in the resonant cavity 200 not connected to the inductor may be different from that in the second embodiment, and the ends of the three capacitors may be connected to each other to form a Y-type connection.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of the present invention, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in that the specific structures of the first resonant circuit, the second resonant circuit and the third resonant circuit are different, and the first resonant circuit, the second resonant circuit and the third resonant circuit in this embodiment have an added capacitor compared with the first embodiment, specifically: the first resonant circuit, the second resonant circuit and the third resonant circuit respectively comprise a second capacitor C5, a second capacitor C6 and a second capacitor C7, the second capacitor C5 is connected between the midpoint of the bridge arm of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit 100 and the first inductor L1, the second capacitor C6 is connected between the midpoint of the bridge arm of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit 100 and the third inductor L3, and the second capacitor C7 is connected between the midpoint of the bridge arm of the three-phase bridge type switching circuit 100 and the fifth inductor L5. Based on above-mentioned design, first resonant circuit, second resonant circuit and third resonant circuit are CLCL resonant circuit, and for the circuit topology form of symmetry, further guarantee the utility model discloses gain curve when the rectification of two-way DC-DC converter 10 is unanimous with the gain curve when the contravariant.
Understandably, in some other embodiments, the second capacitors of the three resonant circuits may be further respectively connected between the first transformer T1 and the second inductor L2, the second transformer T2 and the fourth inductor L4, and the third transformer T3 and the sixth inductor L6.
To sum up, the utility model discloses two-way DC-DC converter can make things convenient for the efficient to realize two-way transform, and resonant circuit in the resonant cavity is the LCL circuit, and equivalent circuit when the energy forward and reverse flows is the same, and the gain curve when then the rectification is almost unanimous with the gain curve when the contravariant, and the output voltage scope of forward and reverse during operation converter all obtains promoting, can realize wide voltage range output, and can realize the performance of good soft switch when forward and reverse operation, and control is simple, the reliability is high.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Various equivalent changes and modifications can be made on the basis of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art, and all equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the claims should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.