CN206987224U - Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair - Google Patents
Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206987224U CN206987224U CN201720869177.4U CN201720869177U CN206987224U CN 206987224 U CN206987224 U CN 206987224U CN 201720869177 U CN201720869177 U CN 201720869177U CN 206987224 U CN206987224 U CN 206987224U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stair
- bracket
- prefabricated
- quarter
- turn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair, it is related to technical field of building construction.The utility model provides a kind of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair, including the first stair, the second stair, third story ladder, the first bracket and the second bracket.One end of first stair is used to be connected with the flooring of the first floor, and the one end of the first stair away from first layer flooring is connected with the first bracket.One end of second stair is connected with the first bracket, and the one end of the second stair away from the first bracket is connected with the second bracket.One end of third story ladder is connected with the second bracket, and the one end of third story ladder away from the second bracket is used to be connected with the building beam of the second floor.The utility model also provides a kind of assembled stair including prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair.The structure of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair provided by the utility model is simple, easy for installation.Meanwhile it also has the characteristics of easy construction, process is simple, human cost is low.
Description
Technical field
Technical field of building construction is the utility model is related to, in particular to prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair.
Background technology
Construction market is able to the advantages that prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair produces modularization, multiple environmental protection with it, power transmission is clear and definite at home
Extensive use, while flatness height of constructing, construction precision is high, rapid construction is applied has inherent advantage in assembled architecture.
And the making of three-quarter-turn stair at this stage is traditional support shuttering, assembling reinforcement, casting concrete, tedious process, and consuming
It is a large amount of artificial, it has not been convenient to construct.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair, and its is simple in construction, easy for installation.Meanwhile its
Also there is the characteristics of easy construction, process is simple, human cost is low.
Another object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of assembled stair, and its is simple in construction, easy for installation.Meanwhile
It also has the characteristics of easy construction, process is simple, human cost is low.
The utility model provides a kind of technical scheme：
A kind of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair, for connecting the first floor and the second floor.Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair include the first stair,
Second stair, third story ladder, the first bracket and the second bracket.One end of first stair is used to be connected with the flooring of the first floor,
The one end of first stair away from first layer flooring is connected with the first bracket.One end of second stair is connected with the first bracket, and second
The one end of stair away from the first bracket is connected with the second bracket.One end of third story ladder is connected with the second bracket, and third story ladder is remote
One end from the second bracket is used to be connected with the building beam of the second floor.
Further, the flooring of above-mentioned first stair and the first floor is slidably connected, the first stair and the first bracket
It is fixedly connected.
Further, above-mentioned second stair are slidably connected with the first bracket, and are fixedly connected with the second bracket.
Further, above-mentioned first bracket is provided with the first connector, and the second stair are set close to one end of the first bracket
There is the first connecting hole being slidably matched with the first connector.
Further, the cross-sectional width of above-mentioned first connector is less than the cross-sectional width of the first connecting hole.
Further, above-mentioned first bracket has the first joint face and the second joint face, and the first joint face and second building
The first bed course is provided between ladder, is provided with the second bed course between the second joint face and the second stair, the first connector is through the
One bed course and the first connecting hole coordinate.
Further, it is additionally provided with polyethylene rod in above-mentioned second bed course.
Further, the above-mentioned one end of first connecting hole away from the first connector is provided with pad.
Further, above-mentioned second bracket is provided with the second connector, and the second stair are set close to one end of the second bracket
There is the second connecting hole coordinated with the second connector, the second connector is placed in the second connecting hole, and the second connector and the
Packed layer is provided between the hole wall of two connecting holes.
A kind of assembled stair, including multiple prefabricated three-quarter-turn stairs.Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair include the first stair, second building
Ladder, third story ladder, the first bracket and the second bracket.One end of first stair is used to be connected with the flooring of the first floor, first building
The one end of ladder away from first layer flooring is connected with the first bracket.One end of second stair is connected with the first bracket, and the second stair are remote
One end from the first bracket is connected with the second bracket.One end of third story ladder is connected with the second bracket, and third story ladder is away from second
One end of bracket is used to be connected with the building beam of the second floor.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair provided by the utility model is：
First stair are connected by the first bracket with the second stair, and the second stair are connected by the second bracket and third story ladder
Connect, the one end of the first stair away from the second stair is connected with the first floor, side and second of the third story ladder away from the second stair
Floor connects.That is, the first floor is connected by prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair with the second floor.User can run by prefabricated three
Stair reach the second floor from the first floor, or reach the first floor from the second floor.Provided by the utility model prefabricated three
The structure for running stair and assembled stair is simple, easy for installation.Meanwhile it also has that easy construction, process be simple, human cost
The characteristics of low.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to required use in embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme of the utility model embodiment
Accompanying drawing be briefly described.It should be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only some embodiments of the present utility model, therefore should not be by
Regard the restriction to scope as.For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, may be used also
To obtain other related accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair that first embodiment of the present utility model provides；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation for the first stair that first embodiment of the present utility model provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation for the second stair that first embodiment of the present utility model provides；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation for the third story ladder that first embodiment of the present utility model provides；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the second stair that first embodiment of the present utility model provides and the first bracket；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the second stair that first embodiment of the present utility model provides and the second bracket.
Icon：The prefabricated three-quarter-turn stairs of 100-；The stair of 110- first；The stair of 120- second；The connecting holes of 121- first；130-
Three stair；The brackets of 141- first；The joint faces of 1411- first；The joint faces of 1412- second；The brackets of 142- second；151- first is connected
Part；The connectors of 152- second；The bed courses of 161- first；The bed courses of 162- second；163- polyethylene rods；164- pads；165- screeds；
166- elastomeric material packing courses；171- packed layers；172- plugged zones；The walls of 210- first；The walls of 220- second；230- buildings beam.
Embodiment
It is new below in conjunction with this practicality to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model embodiment clearer
Accompanying drawing in type embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is clearly and completely described.Obviously, retouched
The embodiment stated is the utility model part of the embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Generally here described in accompanying drawing and
The component of the utility model embodiment shown can be configured to arrange and design with a variety of.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present utility model to providing in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit requirement below
The scope of the utility model of protection, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the present utility model.Based in the utility model
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following accompanying drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent accompanying drawing in individual accompanying drawing.
In description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that term " on ", " under ", " interior ", " outer ", "left", "right" etc.
The orientation or position relationship of instruction be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, or the utility model product use when
The orientation or position relationship usually put, or the orientation that usually understands of those skilled in the art or position relationship, be only for
Be easy to describe the utility model and simplify to describe, rather than instruction or imply signified equipment or element must have it is specific
Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to limitation of the present utility model.
In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relatively important
Property.
In description of the present utility model, it is also necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, " setting ",
Terms such as " connections " should be interpreted broadly, for example, " connection " can be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or one
Ground connects；Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be directly connected to, can also by between intermediary in succession
Connect, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be
Concrete meaning of the above-mentioned term in the utility model.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.First embodiment
Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 is referred to, present embodiments provides a kind of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100, its is simple in construction, easy for installation.
Meanwhile it also has the characteristics of easy construction, process is simple, human cost is low.
The prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 that the present embodiment provides is used to connect the first floor and the second floor, that is to say, that this reality
The prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 for applying example offer is to connect the passage between the first floor and the second floor, and user can be by this reality
The prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 of example offer is provided and reaches the second floor from the first floor, or from the second floor the first floor on earth.
It is appreciated that the first floor and the second floor can be continuous two neighboring floors successively, such as the built
One layer and the second layer or spaced two floors, such as the first floor are located at first layer, and the second floor is located at
Third layer etc..Therefore, so-called first floor of the present embodiment and the second floor are not limited in being interpreted as the first layer and building in building
The second layer, it is understood that be to make the third layer and the 4th floor in building, it is also understood that for be building arbitrary interval it is any
Two floors.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the first floor is located at below the second floor.
In the present embodiment, prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 include the first stair 110, the second stair 120, third story ladder 130,
First bracket 141 and the second bracket 142.
In the present embodiment, the first bracket 141 is installed on the first wall 210, and the second bracket 142 is installed on the second wall
On 220.
One end of first stair 110 is used to be connected with the flooring of the first floor, and the first stair 110 are away from first layer flooring
One end is connected with the first bracket 141.One end of second stair 120 is connected with the first bracket 141, and the second stair 120 are away from first
One end of bracket 141 is connected with the second bracket 142.One end of third story ladder 130 is connected with the second bracket 142, third story ladder 130
One end away from the second bracket 142 is used to be connected with the building beam 230 of the second floor.
In the present embodiment, the flooring of the first stair 110 and the first floor is slidably connected, the first stair 110 and
One bracket 141 is fixedly connected.
It is appreciated that being slidably connected between the first stair 110 and the flooring of the first floor, is not in any feelings
It is slidable under condition.In building field, in order that building has a good anti seismic efficiency, some components in building
When earthquake comes, it is necessary that can carry out some activities.It can so make the anti seismic efficiency of building more preferable.And the first stair
110 and first floor flooring between be slidably connected precisely in order to make the present embodiment provide prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100
With good anti seismic efficiency, and then ensure that whole building thing is safer when tackling earthquake.
That is, the flooring of the first stair 110 and the first floor can not be slided mutually under normal conditions, only
When external motivating force is larger (such as earthquake), relative slip can just occur.
It is appreciated that the second stair 120 and the first bracket 141 are slidably connected and third story ladder 130 and the second bracket
142, which are slidably connected the prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 that can provide the present embodiment, has better anti seismic efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the second stair 120 are slidably connected with the first bracket 141, and are fixed with the second bracket 142
Connection；Third story ladder 130 is slidably connected with the second bracket 142, and is fixedly connected with the building beam 230 of second floor.
It should be noted that the flooring of the first stair 110 and the first floor is slidably connected, the second stair 120 and
The embodiment class that one bracket 141 is slidably connected and third story ladder 130 and the second bracket 142 are slidably connected
Seemingly, in the present embodiment, illustrated so that the second stair 120 are slidably connected with the first bracket 141 as an example.
Simultaneously, it is necessary to which explanation, the first stair 110 are fixedly connected with the first bracket 141, the second stair 120 and second
Bracket 142 is fixedly connected and third story ladder 130 is similar with the embodiment that the building beam 230 of the second floor is fixedly connected,
In the present embodiment, illustrated so that the second stair 120 are fixedly connected with the second bracket 142 as an example.
Referring to Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the first bracket 141 is provided with the first connector 151, the second stair 120 are close
One end of first bracket 141 is provided with the first connecting hole 121 being slidably matched with the first connector 151.
It is appreciated that the first connector 151 both can be strip piece, or columnar member, the first connector 151 and
On the one hand the effect of one connecting hole 121 is that the second stair 120 and the first bracket 141 are fixed together, be on the other hand easy for
In the presence of external force, the first connector 151 is set to be slided all the time in the first connecting hole 121, and then can prevent to a certain extent
The only damage of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100.
In the present embodiment, the first connector 151 is one kind of bolt, as strip piece.Certainly, it is not limited to that,
In other embodiment of the present utility model, the first connector 151 can also be other structures, such as column or steel bar etc..
In the present embodiment, the first connector 151 be arranged at mode on the first bracket 141 for the first connector 151 with
First bracket 141 is fixedly connected.
In the present embodiment, the first bracket 141 is made up of concrete material.First connector 151 and the first bracket 141 it
Between the mode that is fixedly connected be：When pouring the first 141 concrete of bracket, the first connector 151 is poured simultaneously, waits to mix
After solidifying soil shaping, the first connector 151 and the first bracket 141 are also simultaneously fixed.Certainly, it is not limited to that, it is new in this practicality
In the other embodiment of type, the first connector 151 can also be fixedly connected with other connected modes with the first bracket 141, than
Such as the first connector 151 is connected through a screw thread with the first bracket 141.
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional width of the first connector 151 is less than the cross-sectional width of the first connecting hole 121, so that
First connector 151 can slide in the hole wall of the first connecting hole 121.
In the present embodiment, the first bracket 141 has the first joint face 1411 and the second joint face 1412, and the first connection
The first bed course 161 is provided between the stair 120 of face 1411 and second, is set between the second joint face 1412 and the second stair 120
There is the second bed course 162, the first connector 151 coordinates through the first bed course 161 with the first connecting hole 121.
It is appreciated that the first bed course 161 and the second bed course 162 are to avoid the first bracket 141 from directly being connect with the second stair 120
Touch, so as to reduce the friction of the first bracket 141 and the second stair 120 when sliding, and then avoid the first bracket 141 and second building
Abrasion between ladder 120, further improve the service life for the prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 that the present embodiment provides.
In the present embodiment, the first bed course 161 is malthoid layer, and the second bed course 162 is filled for polyphenyl.Certainly, and not only limit
In this, in other embodiment of the present utility model, the first bed course 161 and the second bed course 162 can also be other materials,
This is repeated no more.
In the present embodiment, in order to improve the first bracket 141 and the second stair 120 slide when intensity, the second bed course
Polyethylene rod 163 is additionally provided with 162.
In the present embodiment, in order to ensure there are enough spaces between the first connector 151 and the first connecting hole 121, the
The one end of one connecting hole 121 away from the first connector 151 is provided with pad 164, and in pad 164 away from the first connector
151 side is also blocked using screed 165.
In the present embodiment, stairstepping is formed in the second bed course 162 and the first bracket 141, the height of the second bed course 162 is small
In the height of the first bracket 141.Meanwhile formed in the second bed course 162 and the first bracket 141 at ladder, fill the material of elasticity
Elastomeric material packing course 166, in the present embodiment, elastomeric material packing course 166 is elastomeric material.
Referring to Fig. 6, the second bracket 142 is provided with the second connector 152, the second stair 120 are close to the second bracket 142
One end is provided with the second connecting hole coordinated with the second connector 152, and the second connector 152 is placed in the second connecting hole, and
Packed layer 171 is provided between second connector 152 and the hole wall of the second connecting hole.
It is appreciated that mode is fixedly connected between the second stair 120 and the second bracket 142, with the second stair 120 and
The difference for being slidably connected mode between one bracket 141 is to be provided between the second connecting hole and the second connector 152
Packed layer 171, and then slip of second connector 152 in the second connecting hole is limited by the packed layer 171.
In the present embodiment, packed layer 171 is mortar.Certainly, it is not limited to that, in other implementations of the present utility model
In example, packed layer 171 can also be other materials, will not be repeated here.
In the present embodiment, the bed course between the second stair 120 and the second bracket 142 also with the second stair 120 and
Bed course between one bracket 141 is different.In the bed course that the second connector 152 passes through formed by cement mortar, opposite side
Bed course is identical with the second above-mentioned bed course 162.
In the present embodiment, the closure formed by mortar is also filled with the one end of filler away from the second connector 152
Layer 172.
The beneficial effect for the prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 that the present embodiment provides：First stair 110 by the first bracket 141 with
Second stair 120 are connected, and the second stair 120 are connected by the second bracket 142 and third story ladder 130, and the first stair 110 are away from the
One end of two stair 120 is connected with the first floor, and side of the third story ladder 130 away from the second stair 120 is connected with the second floor.
That is, the first floor is connected by prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair 100 with the second floor.User can pass through prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair
100 reach the second floor from the first floor, or reach the first floor from the second floor.The prefabricated three races building that the present embodiment provides
The structure of ladder 100 is simple, easy for installation.Meanwhile it also has the characteristics of easy construction, process is simple, human cost is low.Second
Embodiment
A kind of assembled stair (not shown) is present embodiments provided, its is simple in construction, easy for installation.Meanwhile it also has
There is the characteristics of easy construction, process are simple, human cost is low.
The assembled stair that the present embodiment provides include multiple as what first embodiment provided pays straight stair in advance.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, is not limited to the utility model, for this
For the technical staff in field, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.It is all in the spirit and principles of the utility model
Within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair, for connecting the first floor and the second floor, it is characterised in that including the first stair, the
Two stair, third story ladder, the first bracket and the second bracket；
One end of first stair is used to be connected with the flooring of first floor, and first stair are away from the first layer
One end of flooring is connected with first bracket；
One end of second stair is connected with first bracket, the one end of second stair away from first bracket with
The second bracket connection；
One end of the third story ladder is connected with second bracket, and the described one end of third story ladder away from second bracket is used
It is connected in the building beam with second floor.
2. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first stair and first floor
Flooring is slidably connected, and first stair are fixedly connected with first bracket.
3. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second stair can with first bracket
It is slidably connected, and is fixedly connected with second bracket.
4. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 3, it is characterised in that first bracket is provided with the first connection
Part, second stair are provided with and first connector is slidably matched first is connected close to one end of first bracket
Hole.
5. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the cross-sectional width of first connector is less than
The cross-sectional width of first connecting hole.
6. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 4, it is characterised in that first bracket have the first joint face and
Second joint face, and the first bed course is provided between first joint face and second stair, second joint face with
The second bed course is provided between second stair, first connector passes through first bed course and first connecting hole
Coordinate.
7. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 6, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with polyethylene in second bed course
Rod.
8. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 6, it is characterised in that first connecting hole connects away from described first
One end of fitting is provided with pad.
9. prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second bracket is provided with the second connection
Part, second stair are provided with the second connecting hole coordinated with second connector close to one end of second bracket,
Second connector is placed in second connecting hole, and the hole wall of second connector and second connecting hole it
Between be provided with packed layer.
10. a kind of assembled stair, it is characterised in that including prefabricated three as described in any one in multiple 1-9 such as claim
Run stair.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720869177.4U CN206987224U (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720869177.4U CN206987224U (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206987224U true CN206987224U (en) | 2018-02-09 |
Family
ID=61404489
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720869177.4U Active CN206987224U (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2017-07-18 | Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206987224U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112360074A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-02-12 | 锦萧建筑科技有限公司 | Staircase unit and construction method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-07-18 CN CN201720869177.4U patent/CN206987224U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112360074A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-02-12 | 锦萧建筑科技有限公司 | Staircase unit and construction method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8153046B2 (en) | Wall forming system | |
| CN206987224U (en) | Prefabricated three-quarter-turn stair and assembled stair | |
| CN204112525U (en) | Band perps precast shear wall structure in strong concrete precast frame | |
| CN207553133U (en) | A kind of underground pipe gallery structure | |
| CN204571127U (en) | A kind of stair | |
| CN210562902U (en) | T-shaped steel floor plate of integrated house | |
| CN111794392A (en) | Assembled side fascia | |
| CN115929074A (en) | Inner frame structure brick house reinforcing method based on equal generation method | |
| CN107435375B (en) | Civil assembled building | |
| CN204174745U (en) | A kind of tool-type modularization temporary building | |
| US20220220733A1 (en) | A modular structural system and construction method thereof | |
| CN210316315U (en) | Be applied to face brick piece reinforcement structure of building PC prefabricated wall | |
| CN207892016U (en) | A kind of H profile steel combination pedestal in house | |
| CN208486154U (en) | Grass planting terrace mould and grass planting terrace mould component | |
| CN209011374U (en) | A kind of fast disassembly type light weight hollow is laid bricks and fast disassembly type wall body structure | |
| CN206289969U (en) | Mark time template | |
| Manrique et al. | Case study-based challenges of quality concrete finishing for architecturally complex structures | |
| EP3802978A1 (en) | Improvements in or relating to building structures | |
| CN204571124U (en) | A kind of stair and stair tie-beam thereof | |
| CN210086568U (en) | Be applied to connected node of non-bearing concrete wall structure | |
| CN205134885U (en) | A flue supporting device for being directed at finished product flue is strutted | |
| IT201800005726A1 (en) | PREFABRICATED MODULE FOR THE CONSOLIDATION OR CONSOLIDATION OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION | |
| BR102020023184A2 (en) | Constructive model interlocked in modules | |
| CN203361011U (en) | Deformable joint structure of concrete trestle floors | |
| CN218028296U (en) | Assembled building wall |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |