CN206512667U - A kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve and flow rate measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water surface line and flow velocity measuring device for a hydraulic model test, which comprises fixed guide rails. A movable guide rail perpendicular to the fixed guide rails and moving back and forth along the two fixed guide rails is arranged on the movable guide rails. There is a mobile measuring device, the outer side of the mobile measuring device is vertically provided with a movable measuring rod I and a movable measuring rod II which can move up and down, a light touch switch is arranged at the bottom of the movable measuring rod I, and the thin wall outside the movable measuring rod I A protruding probe of a laser rangefinder is fixed on the sleeve; a propeller flow rate meter is provided at the bottom of the movable measuring rod II; a protruding probe of a laser displacement meter is provided on the top of the mobile measuring device; , propeller current meter, driving device and tact switch are connected with the single-chip microcomputer in the mobile measuring device, the single-chip microcomputer communicates with the remote control through the signal receiver, and the single-chip microcomputer and the signal receiving display display and output the measurement data through the wireless transmission equipment.

Description

A hydraulic model test water surface line and flow velocity measuring device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a water surface line and flow velocity measuring device for a hydraulic model test.

Background technique

In the design of hydraulic structures, in order to judge and analyze the discharge capacity of the designed weirs, gates, and spillways, a model with a corresponding scale reduction will be used for testing, and then according to the relevant formulas and rules of hydraulics , process and analyze the test results to obtain the flow capacity parameters of the actual design conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately and quickly measure the overcurrent capacity parameters of the model test. It should be noted that the flow capacity parameters to be measured are usually the height of the section water surface and the flow velocity.

The existing method for measuring the water surface line of a hydraulic model test is: select a model reference point, read the scale reading at the reference point through a level gauge, and obtain the horizontal line elevation of the center line of the level gauge objective lens; When the end of the scale is flush with the upper surface of the water flow, read the scale at each actual measurement point, and calculate the elevation of the upper surface of the water flow at the actual measurement point through the difference between the readings and the reference point. For flow rate measurement, the flow rate measuring instrument needs to be set at the actual measurement point to measure the flow rate. Due to the fact that there are many actual measurement points during the measurement, the hydraulic model test model has brought great inconvenience to the artificial measurement, and the measurement error is relatively large. Moreover, the distribution of flow velocity at different water depth measurement points on the same vertical line is uneven, and it is necessary to measure the flow velocity at different depths. In hydrology, the water flow surface, 0.2 times the water depth, 0.6 times the water depth, 0.8 times the water depth, and the bottom of the water are often selected according to the water depth. To measure the flow velocity, and then select the average value of the flow velocity measured at different depths of the pool to improve the measurement accuracy. However, the control of the depth is not accurate when the flow rate is measured artificially, and the measurement is often carried out according to the visual depth.

Therefore, a device that can accurately and quickly measure the water surface line and flow velocity of hydraulic model tests is needed to improve measurement accuracy and efficiency.

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a hydraulic model test water surface line and flow velocity measuring device, which can well solve the above problems by adopting automatic operation control.

The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is as follows:

A water surface line and flow velocity measuring device for a hydraulic model test, comprising two horizontally arranged fixed guide rails, a movable guide rail perpendicular to it and capable of moving back and forth along the fixed guide rails is provided on the two fixed guide rails. Described movable guide rail is provided with a mobile measuring device, and mobile measuring device is undertaken on the movable guide rail and can move along the extension direction of movable guide rail; and the movable measuring rod II, the bottom of the movable measuring rod I is provided with a light touch switch; the bottom of the movable measuring rod II is provided with a propeller current meter; the inside of the mobile measuring device is provided with a laser range finder and a laser displacement gauge, so The probe of the laser range finder described above extends out of the mobile measuring device, and the probe is fixed on the side wall of the mobile measuring device for detecting the distance from the probe to the water surface measuring point, and the probe of the laser displacement meter is fixed on the top of the mobile measuring device , the probe is directed to the movable measuring rod 1, and transmits a signal to the movable measuring rod 1 to measure the displacement when it moves downward; The single-chip microcomputer in the measuring device is connected, and each device is powered by a power source located in the mobile measuring device, and the single-chip microcomputer communicates with a remote controller and a signal receiving display.

Further, foot screw handwheels and a level are arranged at both ends of the fixed guide rail.

Further, the two ends of the movable guide rail are respectively provided with level gauges.

Further, an assembly box is provided on the movable guide rail, and a driving device, a single-chip microcomputer and a signal receiver for driving the movable guide rail to move are arranged in the described assembly box, and the described driving device is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, and the The single-chip microcomputer communicates with the remote control through the signal receiver, and the remote control controls the movement of the movable guide rail by sending signals to the single-chip microcomputer.

Further, a driving device, a signal receiver and a wireless transmission device are also provided inside the mobile measuring device; the driving device drives the movement of the mobile measuring device and the up and down movement of the movable measuring rod I and the movable measuring rod II, Described driving device is controlled by described single-chip microcomputer, and described single-chip microcomputer communicates with remote controller by signal receiver, and remote controller controls mobile measurement and the motion of movable measuring rod I, movable measuring rod II by sending signal to single-chip microcomputer; The above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer is connected with a signal receiving display through a wireless transmission device.

Further, the remote controller is provided with up and down keys to control the movement of the movable guide rail, and the left and right keys are used to control the operation of the mobile measuring device; the remote controller is also provided with a start key, a water surface line measurement key, Active measuring rod I reset key, flow rate measurement key, active measuring rod II reset key.

Further, the outside of the movable measuring rod 1 is provided with a thin-walled sleeve, and the protruding probe of the laser rangefinder is fixed on the thin-walled sleeve outside the movable measuring rod 1, and the thin-walled sleeve can be connected with the The mobile measuring device is a whole and does not move with the up and down movement of the movable measuring rod 1.

The specific measurement method is as follows:

The first step, before the measurement, install the two guide rails of the fixed guide rail in parallel on the left and right sides of the hydraulic model, and install the movable guide rail on the fixed guide rail at an angle perpendicular to the fixed guide rail. wheel, so that the whole device is in a horizontal state; then the mobile measuring device is installed on the movable guide rail, and the movement of the mobile measuring device is controlled by the remote controller;

The second step is to measure the elevation H of the protruding probe of the laser rangefinder before the water is released inside the hydraulic model; when there is water flowing through the hydraulic model, move the mobile measuring device to the vertical of the actual measurement point through the remote control above;

The third step is to measure the water surface line of the measured point

Press the water surface line measurement key, transmit a signal through the laser rangefinder, and measure the distance a from the protruding probe of the laser rangefinder to the upper surface of the water flow above the vertical line of the actual measurement point, and the elevation of the water surface line at the actual measurement point is (H-a);

The remote control controls the movable measuring rod I to start moving downward. When the movable measuring rod I touches the bottom of the hydraulic model, the light touch switch at the bottom senses and changes the input signal connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the movable measuring rod. I stops the downward movement;

The laser displacement meter records the distance b of the downward movement of the movable measuring rod I. Before the movable measuring rod I moves downward, the elevation difference between the light touch switch on the bottom surface of the movable measuring rod I and the protruding probe of the laser rangefinder is L, and the water depth of the actual measurement point is obtained. It is (b-a+L), after measuring the elevation and water depth of the actual measurement point, press the reset button of the movable measuring rod I on the remote control, and the movable measuring rod I will move upwards, return to the position at the beginning of the measurement and stop . After completing the measurement of the water surface line elevation and water depth at the actual measurement point, the water surface line elevation and water depth data signals are transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, and as a result, the measured water surface line and water depth information is transmitted to the signal receiving display through the wireless transmission device, and the receiving display is performed;

Step 3: Measure the flow velocity at the measured point;

Press the flow velocity measurement key, the movable guide rail first moves to the side where the movable measuring rod I is located for a certain distance to the vertical line of the actual measurement point and stops moving. This distance is the straight-line distance between the movable measuring rod I and the movable measuring rod II; Under the control of the movable measuring rod II, the flow velocity is measured according to the water depth; after measuring the flow velocity at the actual measurement point, press the movable measuring rod II reset button on the remote control, the movable measuring rod II moves upward, returns to the position at the beginning of the measurement and stops. Bottom: After the flow velocity measurement at the actual measurement point is completed, the flow velocity data signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, and the measured flow velocity information is transmitted to the signal receiving display through the wireless transmission device for display.

The specific flow rate measurement method is as follows:

When the water depth is shallow and in the [0,m] interval, only measure the water flow velocity of 0.5 times the water depth, and take the average value of 5 consecutive measurements; when the water depth is large, in [m,n], measure the water flow surface, 0.2 times Water depth, 0.6 times the water depth, 0.8 times the water depth, and the water flow velocity at 5 depths of the bottom, the measured flow velocity data signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer for processing, and the average value of 5 times is taken.

Further, the measurement method of the height of the outrigger probe measured by the laser rangefinder is as follows:

Before the model is connected to water, operate the start button on the remote control, the signal receiver in the assembly box receives the signal and transmits it to the movable guide rail, the signal receiver in the mobile measuring device receives the signal and transmits it to the mobile measuring device, and operates the direction keys to control Move the measuring device vertically above the reference point of the model; use the laser rangefinder to measure the distance from the protruding probe of the laser rangefinder to the reference point, since the elevation of the reference point of the model is known, plus the distance measured by the laser rangefinder , that is, the elevation H of the outrigger probe of the laser range finder is obtained.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

The use of automatic control operation can effectively reduce the manpower input during measurement and improve the efficiency of measurement; the use of mechanized operation improves the accuracy of manual measurement and increases the accuracy of measurement results; data reading adopts the display method, which can The shore receives the measurement results, and there is no need to set up other traffic facilities on the water surface for walking during measurement, which is convenient for measurement.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: A diagram of the water surface line and flow velocity measurement device for a hydraulic model test;

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the MCU control connection of the assembly box;

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the single-chip microcomputer control connection of the mobile measuring device;

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the drive connection of the mobile measuring device;

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the mobile measuring device;

Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the buttons on the remote control of the car;

Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the calculation of measured water depth.

Among them: 1 fixed guide rail, 2 movable guide rail, 3 mobile measuring device, 4 movable measuring rod I, 5 movable measuring rod II, 6 propeller flow rate meter, 7 light touch switch, 8 laser distance meter, 9 laser displacement meter, 10 Remote control; 11 foot screw handwheel, 12 level, 13 signal receiving display; 21 level, 22 assembly box, 23 driving device, 24 single-chip microcomputer, 25 signal receiver, 26 power supply, 27 roller; 31 single-chip microcomputer, 32 signal receiver , 33 wireless transmission equipment, 34 driving device, 35 power supply, 36 gear, 37 roller, 38 transmission shaft; B0 start key, B1/B2 movable rail 2 control key, B3/B4 mobile measuring device 3 control key, B5 water surface line Measuring key, B6 active measuring rod I reset key, B7 flow rate measuring key, B8 active measuring rod II reset key.

detailed description

In order to make the utility model achieve the desired practical effect, further description will be made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1-7, a hydraulic model test water surface line and flow velocity measurement device includes two horizontally arranged fixed guide rails 1, and on the two fixed guide rails 1 is provided a vertical The movable guide rail 2 that moves back and forth is provided with a mobile measuring device 3 on the movable guide rail, and the outer side of the mobile measuring device 3 is vertically provided with a movable measuring rod I 4 and a movable measuring rod II 5 that can move up and down , the bottom of the movable measuring rod I4 is provided with a light touch switch 7, and the bottom of the movable measuring rod II5 is provided with a propeller current meter 6; the probe of the laser rangefinder 8 stretches out to the outside of the mobile measuring device, and the probe is fixed on The side wall of the mobile measuring device is used to detect the distance from the probe to the water surface measuring point. The probe of the laser displacement meter 9 is fixed to the top of the mobile measuring device, and the probe is directed to the movable measuring rod I4 to transmit a signal to the movable measuring rod I4 for measurement Displacement when it moves downward; Described laser range finder 8, laser displacement meter 9, propeller current meter 6 and tact switch 7 link to each other with the single-chip microcomputer 31 in the described mobile measuring device, and are positioned at mobile measuring device The internal power supply 35 supplies power for each device, and the single-chip microcomputer 31 communicates with a remote controller 10 and a signal receiving display 13 . The remote controller 10 and the signal receiving display 13 are respectively used to control the movement of the device and receive display data.

Further, anchor screw handwheels 11 and a level 12 are provided at both ends of the fixed guide rail 1, the level gauge 12 is used to display the levelness of the fixed guide rail, and the anchor screw handwheel 11 is used to adjust the fixed guide rail 1 height and levelness. While the fixed guide rail 1 is used to support the whole system device, it also plays a role in controlling the level of the mobile measuring device.

Further, the movable guide rail 2 is supported on the fixed guide rail 1 and can move along the extension direction of the fixed guide rail, and the first and last ends of the movable guide rail 2 are respectively provided with level gauges 21 for judging whether the movable guide rail device is laid horizontally.

Further, an assembly box 22 is respectively provided at both ends of the movable guide rail, and for synchronous operation and movement, a drive device 23 for driving the movable guide rail to move is provided in the described assembly box 22, and the described drive device 23 is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer 24 control, the single-chip microcomputer 24 communicates with the remote controller 10 through the signal receiver 25, and the remote controller 10 controls the movement of the movable guide rail 2 by sending a signal to the single-chip microcomputer 24, and is powered by the power supply 26 located in the assembly box 22 for each device ;

The driving device 23 described here includes a motor, and the motors in the assembly boxes 22 at both ends of the movable device 2 drive the respective corresponding rollers 27 to move, and the rollers 27 at both ends move synchronously to realize the movement of the movable device 2 .

Further, the mobile measuring device 3 is received on the movable guide rail 2 and can move along the extending direction of the movable guide rail 2, and a driving device 34, a single-chip microcomputer 31, and a signal receiver are arranged inside the mobile measuring device 3 32. Laser range finder 8, laser displacement meter 9; described driving device 34 drives the movement of mobile measuring device 3 and the up and down movement of movable measuring rod I 4 and movable measuring rod II 5, and described driving device 34 is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer 31 control, the single-chip microcomputer 31 communicates with the remote controller through the signal receiver 32, and the remote controller 10 controls the movement of the mobile measuring device 3 and the movement of the movable measuring rod I4 and the movable measuring rod II5 by sending signals to the single-chip microcomputer 31.

The driving device 34 described here includes three motors, one of which drives the roller 37 arranged at the bottom of the mobile measuring device 3 to rotate through two intermeshed bevel gears 36 and a transmission shaft 38 to realize the overall movement of the mobile measuring device 3 ;

The other two motors drive the movable measuring rod I 4 and the movable measuring rod II 5 to move up and down through some transmission devices; On the lead screw slide block, the movable measuring rod I 4 moves up and down through the movement of the slide block.

Furthermore, a wireless transmission device 33 is also provided in the mobile measurement device, and the single-chip microcomputer 31 is connected with a data receiving display 13 through the wireless transmission device 33 to realize signal reception and display.

Further, the remote controller 10 is provided with a start key B0, a control key B1/B2 of the movable guide rail 2, a control key B3/B4 of the mobile measuring device 3, a water surface line measurement key B5, a reset key B6 of the movable measuring rod 1, Flow rate measurement key B7, movable measuring rod II reset key B8.

Further, the outside of the movable measuring rod 14 is provided with a thin-walled sleeve, and the protruding probe of the laser range finder 8 is fixed on the thin-walled sleeve outside the movable measuring rod 1 for transmitting and receiving distance measurement. Signal.

The specific working process is as follows:

Before the measurement, install the two guide rails of the fixed guide rail 1 on the left and right banks of the hydraulic model and arrange them in parallel, and install the movable guide rail 2 on the fixed guide rail 1 at an angle perpendicular to the fixed guide rail 1. Screw the handwheel 11, make the air bubbles in the spirit level 12,21 device on the fixed guide rail 1 and the movable guide rail 2 all be in the middle of the circle, so that the whole device is in a horizontal state. Then the mobile measuring device 3 is installed on the movable guide rail 2, and the movement of the device can be effectively realized through the control of the remote controller 10, so as to realize the measurement of the water surface line and flow velocity at different actual measurement points.

Before the water is released inside the hydraulic model, the elevation of the protruding probe of the laser rangefinder 8 is first measured. The specific method is: operate the start button on the remote controller 10, and the signal receiver 32 receives the signal and transmits it to the movable guide rail 2 and Move the measuring device 3 and operate the direction keys to control the moving measuring device 3 to be vertically above the reference point of the model. Through the laser rangefinder 8, measure the distance from the protruding probe of the laser rangefinder 8 to the reference point. Since the elevation of the model reference point is known, the sum of the two can be used to measure the overhang of the laser rangefinder 8. The height H of the probe.

Then, when there is a water flow inside the hydraulic model, the mobile measuring device 3 is moved vertically above the actual measuring point through remote control operation. Press the water surface line measurement key, the first step of measurement is to transmit a signal through the laser range finder 8, and measure the distance a from the protruding probe of the laser range finder 8 to the vertical upper surface of the water flow at the actual measurement point. The elevation of the overhanging probe is H, and (H-a) is the elevation of the water surface line at the measured point; The light touch switch 7 senses and makes it change the input signal connected with the single-chip microcomputer 31. At this time, the single-chip microcomputer 31 automatically stops the downward movement of the movable measuring rod 14 through the program operation, and the laser displacement meter 9 at the top of the mobile measuring device 3 records The distance b to the downward movement of the movable measuring rod I4, before the downward movement of the movable measuring rod I4, the elevation difference between the light touch switch 7 on its bottom surface and the protruding probe of the laser range finder is L, then it can be calculated by the single-chip microcomputer 31 Obtain that the water depth of the measured point is (b-a+L), after measuring the water surface line elevation and water depth of the measured point, press the water surface line measurement movable measuring rod I 4 reset key on the remote controller 10, and the movable measuring rod 1 4 is upward Movement, return to the position where the measurement started and stop. After completing the measurement of the water surface line elevation and water depth at the actual measurement point, the water surface line elevation and water depth data signals are transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer 31, and as a result, the measured water surface line and water depth information are transmitted to the signal receiving display 13 through the wireless transmission device 33 for display. The next step is to start measuring the flow velocity at the measured point.

Press the flow velocity measurement key, the movable guide rail 2 first moves to the side where the movable measuring rod I 4 is located for a certain distance to the vertical line of the actual measurement point and then stops moving. This distance is the straight-line distance between the movable measuring rod I 4 and the movable measuring rod II 5 , the purpose of the movement is to keep the water surface line measurement and flow velocity measurement at the same actual measurement point. Then under the program operation control of the single-chip microcomputer 31, according to the water depth, the movable measuring rod II5 only measures the water flow velocity of 0.5 times the water depth when the water depth is shallow and in the [0, m] interval, and measures 5 times continuously to take the average value; When the water depth is large, when [m, n], measure the flow velocity of the water flow surface, 0.2 times the water depth, 0.6 times the water depth, 0.8 times the water depth, and 5 depths of the water bottom, and transmit the measured flow velocity data signal to the single-chip microcomputer 31 for processing, and take 5 times average value. After measuring the flow velocity at the measured point, press the flow velocity measurement movable measuring rod II 5 reset key on the remote controller 10, the movable measuring rod II 5 moves upwards, returns to the position when the measurement starts and stops. After the measurement of the flow velocity at the actual measurement point is completed, the flow velocity data signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer 31 , and as a result, the measured flow velocity information is transmitted to the signal receiving display 13 through the wireless transmission device 33 for receiving and displaying.

In this way, the water surface line and flow velocity measurement of the measured point are completed. The above is the measurement operation process of the water surface line and flow velocity of the actual measurement points, and other points that need to be measured are carried out in sequence according to the above actual measurement points.

Although the specific implementation of the utility model has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to Various modifications or deformations that can be made with creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of hydraulic model test water surface curve and flow rate measuring device, it is characterised in that including two horizontally disposed fixations Guide rail, provided with a removable guide rail that is perpendicular and can moving back and forth along it on described two fixed guide rails, Provided with a traverse measuring device on described removable guide rail, traverse measuring device is undertaken on removable guide rail and can Moved along removable guide rail bearing of trend；The outside upright of traverse measuring device is provided with the movable stylus I that can be moved up and down and work Dynamic measuring staff I I, touch-switch is provided with movable stylus I bottom；Movable stylus I I bottom is provided with propeller current meter；Institute Laser range finder, laser displacement gauge are provided with inside the traverse measuring device stated, the probe of described laser range finder is extended to shifting Outside dynamic measurement apparatus, probe is fixed on traverse measuring device side wall, for the distance of detection probe to water surface measuring point, and described swashs The probe of light displacement meter is fixed at the top of traverse measuring device, and probe comes against movable stylus I to movable stylus I transmission signals Measure displacement when it is moved downward；Described laser range finder, laser displacement gauge, propeller current meter and touch-switch with Single-chip microcomputer in described traverse measuring device is connected, and is that each device is powered by the power supply in traverse measuring device, Described single-chip microcomputer and a remote control and signal receive display communication.

2. hydraulic model test water surface curve as claimed in claim 1 and flow rate measuring device, it is characterised in that consolidate in described That determines guide rail is provided at both ends with thumb screw handwheel and level meter.

3. hydraulic model test water surface curve as claimed in claim 1 and flow rate measuring device, it is characterised in that described is removable The two ends of dynamic guide rail are also respectively equipped with level meter.

4. hydraulic model test water surface curve as claimed in claim 1 and flow rate measuring device, it is characterised in that described is removable Dynamic guide rail provided with assembling box, drive device, single-chip microcomputer provided with the removable guide rail movement of driving in described assembling box with And signal receiver, described drive device is by single-chip microcomputer control, and described single-chip microcomputer is led to by signal receiver and remote control News, remote control controls removable guide rail to move by sending signal to single-chip microcomputer.

5. hydraulic model test water surface curve as claimed in claim 1 and flow rate measuring device, it is characterised in that in described shifting Drive device, signal receiver and radio transmission apparatus are additionally provided with inside dynamic measurement apparatus；Described drive device driving is moved The movement of dynamic measurement apparatus and movable stylus I, movable stylus I I are moved up and down, and described drive device is by described list Piece machine is controlled, and described single-chip microcomputer is communicated by signal receiver and remote control, remote control by single-chip microcomputer send signal come Control traverse measurement and movable stylus I, movable stylus I I motion；Described single-chip microcomputer passes through radio transmission apparatus and one Individual signal receives display and is connected.

6. hydraulic model test water surface curve as claimed in claim 1 and flow rate measuring device, it is characterised in that described remote control The motion that upper and lower key is used for controlling removable guide rail is provided with device, left-right key is used for controlling the operation of traverse measuring device； Start button, water surface curve measurement key, movable stylus I reset keys, flow velocity measurement key, movable stylus I I is additionally provided with remote control to reset Key.

7. hydraulic model test water surface curve as claimed in claim 1 and flow rate measuring device, it is characterised in that described activity Measuring staff I outside is provided with thin walled cylinder body, and the overhanging probe of the laser range finder is fixed on the thin walled cylinder body outside movable stylus I On, and thin walled cylinder body and moveable measurement device are an entirety, and do not moved with movable stylus I up and down motion.