CN110954069A - River section probing type accurate flow measuring device and method - Google Patents
River section probing type accurate flow measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of water conservancy measurement, and particularly relates to a river section probing type accurate flow measuring system and method, wherein the device comprises an armored signal cable, a driving motor, a wire winding device, a pulley directional measuring device, a cable anti-swing structure, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, the driving motor of the wire winding device is connected with a wire winding reel through a transmission shaft, one end of the armored signal cable penetrates into the wire winding reel to be fixed, the armored signal cable is wound on the wire winding reel, and the armored signal cable penetrates through the directional pulley measuring device and downwards penetrates through a middle cable fixing hole of an anti-swing frame main body; the water depth measuring device at the other end of the armor signal cable and flow velocity measuring equipment. The invention has the beneficial effects that: in various automatic measurement system structures, on the basis of measuring section flow, the system has the functions of accurate line length measurement, angle correction, accurate measurement of hydrological data such as water level, water depth, flow velocity and the like, is suitable for various types of probing-in automatic measurement systems, and achieves the purpose of probing-in accurate flow measurement of river sections.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water conservancy measurement, and relates to a river section probing type accurate flow measuring system and method.
Background
In recent years, due to the strong support of the country to the water conservancy industry and the rapid development of the water conservancy industry, the technology for measuring the flow of the open channel is also rapidly developed.
China always has a country with serious water resource shortage, the water resource distribution in south and north is extremely uneven, the conditions of south waterlogging and north drought are serious, the fresh water resource reserves look rich, the sixth place of the world is ranked, people only occupy 2200m3 due to the huge population base, the average level in the world is not reached to 25%, and the distribution is extremely unbalanced. China is also a big agricultural country, the total amount of agricultural water accounts for more than 70% of the total water consumption of China, the phenomenon of agricultural water waste is serious due to the backward irrigation mode, and the utilization rate of the agricultural irrigation water is only about 45%.
In recent years, the sustainable development strategy of water utilization is put forward in China, and the water utilization efficiency needs to be improved. The main guiding and distributing mode of water for irrigation areas in China is open channel water delivery, accurate measurement of irrigation area channel flow is beneficial to saving water, and meanwhile, a solid foundation is laid for national planned water use and reasonable planning water use distribution. In China, an open channel flow measuring device starts late, in recent years, with the progress of science and technology and the rapid development of the water conservancy industry, the river section is gradually replaced by the original manual flow measuring mode through automatic flow measuring, various automatic section flow measuring devices appear in the market, and the automatic section flow measuring devices can be divided into probing type automatic measuring devices and non-probing type automatic measuring devices through measuring modes. The device for measuring the flow of the non-probing cross section measures the surface flow field in a radar wave mode and is applied to the measurement of a standard river channel with small change of the cross section of the river channel or no siltation. The exploration type measurement mode mainly adopts a mode that a cableway or a survey bridge spans a river channel section, and the acquisition equipment is placed down to explore into water for contact type measurement.
At present, no matter cableway measurement or bridge measurement is used for measuring the flow of a river channel section, the accurate water depth of each perpendicular line of the section is required to be measured, and the flow velocity measurement is carried out by utilizing a water depth measurement flow measurement point, so that the average flow velocity of the perpendicular line is calculated. Therefore, accurate measurement of the vertical water depth is critical. The existing sounding type measuring equipment has the defects that the water depth measurement precision is low due to the inclination of a vehicle body caused by water flow impact and the deflection angle of a bearing cable, so that the flow measurement precision is not high, and the error is large when the flow velocity is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a river section probing type accurate current measuring system, a driving motor drives a winding roll to rotate to carry out downward releasing and recovering movement, and after a cable passes through a pulley directional measuring device and an anti-swing structure on the top, a loaded water depth measuring device and a flow velocity measuring device carry out probing type measuring work. The device provides standard signal interfaces such as line length data signals, inclination angle and deflection angle data, water surface and water bottom signals and the like, can be connected to various acquisition terminals, and is suitable for various types of access type automatic measurement systems.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a river section probing type accurate flow measuring system is characterized by comprising a door-shaped bearing fixing frame, a signal cable, a driving motor, a wire winding device, a pulley directional measuring device, a cable anti-swing structure, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the pulley directional measuring device and the cable anti-swing structure are respectively arranged on the door-shaped bearing fixing frame;
the winding device comprises a winding reel, a signal cable and a transmission shaft, the driving motor is connected with the winding reel through the transmission shaft, one end of the winding reel penetrates into the winding reel to be fixed, the signal cable is wound on the winding reel, when the armor signal cable penetrates through the directional pulley measuring device and downwards penetrates through the middle cable fixing hole of the anti-swing frame main body, and the water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment are arranged at the other end of the armor signal cable.
The cable anti-swing device further comprises a deflection angle and inclination angle correction device, and the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device is arranged on the cable anti-swing structure;
the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device comprises a deflection angle measuring sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a deflection angle swinging shaft and a fixed support, wherein the fixed support comprises an upper support and a lower support, the deflection angle measuring sensor and the deflection angle of the inclination angle sensor are arranged on the upper part of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the upper support, the deflection angle swinging shaft is arranged on the upper part of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the lower support, and the deflection angle swinging shaft is in contact connection with the signal cable;
furthermore, the door-shaped bearing fixing frame comprises an upper frame and two side frames, the upper frame and the two side frames are vertically arranged, and two sides of the cable anti-swing structure are connected with the side frames of the beam;
the cable anti-swing structure comprises an anti-swing frame main body, an anti-swing frame sliding block and an anti-swing frame slide, wherein the anti-swing frame main body is connected with the anti-swing frame slide in a sliding mode through the anti-swing frame sliding block.
Further, the pulley orientation measuring device is fixed with the upper frame;
the pulley orientation measuring device comprises a guide fixed pulley, a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, a flexible connector, an angle sensor and a pulley bracket, wherein the guide fixed pulley, the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel and the flexible connector are arranged in the pulley bracket, and the fixed stroke limiter and the angle sensor are arranged on two sides of the pulley bracket;
the guide fixed pulley is in transmission connection with the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, and the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel is connected with the angle sensor through the flexible connector.
Further, the signal cable penetrates through the anti-swing structure, and the signal cable is lowered, fixed and connected with the water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment;
furthermore, the water depth measuring device comprises a depth measuring device metal shell, a water surface measuring contact point and a float type bottom detecting travel switch, the float type bottom detecting travel switch is arranged in the depth measuring device metal shell, the water surface measuring contact point is arranged on the outer side of the depth measuring device metal shell, and the float type bottom detecting travel switch is connected with the signal cable.
Furthermore, the signal cable is an armored signal cable, the armored signal cable is of an external bearing structure, and a signal wire is arranged in the armored signal cable for signal transmission.
Furthermore, a signal wire inside the armored signal is connected with an electric brush slip ring, the electric brush slip ring is connected and fixed on a bearing seat, the transmission shaft is rotationally fixed in the bearing seat, and the winding reel is arranged between the bearing seat and the driving motor and sleeved on the transmission shaft.
The flow measuring method of the river section probing type accurate flow measuring system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: the driving motor operates to control the paying-off motion of the winding shaft, the armor signal cable passes through the pulley directional measuring device and then is output downwards, the armor signal cable contacts a guide fixed pulley of the pulley directional measuring device and drives the fixed pulley to operate in the same direction through friction force, and a fixed shaft on one side of the guide fixed pulley is connected with an angle sensor through a flexible connector, so that the paying-off length is accurately measured;
step 2: and the armor signal cable downwards passes through a cable fixing hole in the cable anti-swing structure after passing through the pulley measuring device, the armor signal cable is in real-time contact with a deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device measuring terminal, the deflection angle of the cable is measured below the anti-swing structure, and the inclination angle sensor is fixed at the central position of the cable anti-swing device. The vertical distance of the downward placement of the measuring instrument under the influence of water flow can be accurately calculated by utilizing the real-time paying-off distance and the signals output by the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device;
and step 3: an armor signal cable penetrates through a fixed water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment below the anti-swing device, the water depth measuring device comprises a river surface signal and a river bottom signal, and the flow velocity signal and the river surface river bottom signal are output to the measuring device through an armor cable signal wire;
and 4, step 4: a plurality of measuring points can be determined according to the hydrological convention; the accessible is perpendicular unwrapping wire distance data in real time, makes the accurate more than step of the accurate position of parking measurement of current surveying device carry out hydrographic parameter measurement such as velocity of flow to obtain reliable river course section flow data.
The river section probing type accurate flow measuring method is characterized in that the line laying length L in the step 1fCalculating the formula:
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; n is the revolution; theta0Is an initial temporary storage angle; theta1Is a real-time angle; d is the diameter of the directional pulley;
Lr＝Lfcos(α1-α0+β)
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; l isrFor paying-off the vertical distance in real time α0α as initial device tilt angle1The real-time device inclination angle is shown, β is the deflection angle of the signal cable and the direction vertical to the vehicle body
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device comprises a driving motor, a winding roll, a pulley directional measuring device capable of accurately measuring the length of a wire, an anti-swing structure, a deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the driving motor of the device drives the winding roll to rotate to transfer and recover, and after a cable passes through the pulley directional measuring device and the anti-swing structure at the top, the loaded water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment perform probing type measuring work. The device provides standard signal interfaces such as line length data signal, inclination and declination data, surface of water and bottom signal, can insert various acquisition terminals, be applicable to the multiple type formula automatic measurement system that explores, solved river section and explored difficult problems such as precision is low in the formula velocity of flow measurement, line length declination does not have the correction, the depth of water, siltation can't accurate measurement, improved section flow measurement accuracy and measurement efficiency, reach the purpose that the accurate flow measurement of river section formula of exploring, provide reliable data for the accurate water gaging of channel section.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a river section probing type precise flow measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device of the river section probing type precise flow measuring system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulley directional measurement device of a river section probing type precise flow measurement system of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-swing frame and an inclination angle device of the river section probing type precise flow measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water depth measuring device of the river section probing type precise current measuring system of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a channel to be measured according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a driving motor, 2, a transmission shaft, 3, a winding reel, 4, an electric brush slip ring, 5, a bearing seat, 6, a signal cable, 7, a guide fixed pulley, 8, a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, 9, a flexible connector, 10, an angle sensor, 11, a fixed stroke limiter, 12, a pulley support, 13, an anti-swing frame main body, 14, an angle deflection measuring sensor, 15, an inclination angle sensor, 16, an angle deflection swing shaft, 17, an anti-swing frame slide way, 18, a slide way base, 19, an anti-swing frame slide block, 20, a depth measuring device metal shell, 21, a water surface measuring contact point, 22, a float type bottom detection travel switch, 23, a door type bearing fixed frame, 24, a water depth measuring device, 25, a flow speed measuring device, 26, a pulley orientation measuring device, 27, an angle deflection and an inclination angle correcting device.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g. as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In the drawings: 1. the device comprises a driving motor, 2, a transmission shaft, 3, a winding reel, 4, an electric brush slip ring, 5, a bearing seat, 6, an armored signal cable, 7, a guide fixed pulley, 8, a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, 9, a flexible connector, 10, an angle sensor, 11, a fixed stroke limiter, 12, a pulley support, 13, an anti-swing frame main body, 14, an angle deflection measuring sensor, 15, an inclination angle sensor, 16, an angle deflection swing shaft, 17, an anti-swing frame slide way, 18, a slide way base, 19, an anti-swing frame slide block, 20, a depth measuring device metal shell, 21, a water surface measuring contact point, 22, a float type bottom detection travel switch, 23, a door type bearing fixed frame, 24, a water depth measuring device, 25, a flow speed measuring device, 26, a pulley orientation measuring device, 27, an angle deflection and inclination angle correcting device.
A river section probing type accurate flow measuring system comprises a door-shaped bearing fixing frame, an armored signal cable, a driving motor, a wire winding device, a pulley directional measuring device, a cable anti-swing structure, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the pulley directional measuring device and the cable anti-swing structure are respectively arranged on the door-shaped bearing fixing frame;
the winding device comprises a winding reel, an armored signal cable and a transmission shaft, wherein a driving motor is connected with the winding reel through the transmission shaft, one end of the winding reel penetrates into the winding reel to be fixed, the armored signal cable is wound on the winding reel, the armored signal cable penetrates through a middle cable fixing hole of the directional pulley measuring device and downwards penetrates through the armored signal cable, and the armored signal cable is connected with the water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring device at the other end of the armored signal cable.
The cable anti-swing device further comprises a deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device, and the deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device is arranged on the cable anti-swing structure;
the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device comprises a deflection angle measuring sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a deflection angle swinging shaft and a fixed support, wherein the fixed support comprises an upper support and a lower support, the deflection angle measuring sensor and the deflection angle of the inclination angle sensor are arranged on the upper portion of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the upper support, the deflection angle swinging shaft is arranged on the upper portion of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the lower support, and the deflection angle swinging shaft is in contact connection with the armored signal cable.
The door-shaped bearing fixing frame comprises an upper frame and two side frames, and the upper frame and the two side frames are vertically arranged.
Two sides of the cable anti-swing structure are connected with the beam side frame; the cable swing-proof structure comprises a swing-proof frame main body, a swing-proof frame sliding block and a swing-proof frame sliding way, wherein the swing-proof frame main body is in sliding connection with the swing-proof frame sliding way through the swing-proof frame sliding block.
The pulley directional measuring device is fixed with the upper frame; the pulley directional measuring device comprises a guide fixed pulley, a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, a flexible connector, an angle sensor and a pulley bracket, wherein the guide fixed pulley, the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel and the flexible connector are arranged in the pulley bracket, and the fixed stroke limiter and the angle sensor are arranged on two sides of the pulley bracket;
the guide fixed pulley is in transmission connection with a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, and the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel is connected with an angle sensor through a flexible connector.
The signal cable penetrates through the anti-swing structure, and is lowered, fixed and connected with the water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment;
the water depth measuring device comprises a depth measuring device metal shell, a water surface measuring contact point and a float type bottom detecting travel switch, wherein the float type bottom detecting travel switch is arranged in the depth measuring device metal shell, the water surface measuring contact point is arranged on the outer side of the depth measuring device metal shell, and the float type bottom detecting travel switch is connected with a signal cable.
The bathymetric survey device is also provided with a balancing weight which drives the bathymetric survey device and the flow velocity measurement equipment to be lowered.
The signal cable adopts the armor signal cable, the outside load-carrying members of armor signal cable, and the armor signal cable is inside to set up the signal line and carry out signal transmission.
The signal wire inside the armor signal cable is connected with the electric brush slip ring, the electric brush slip ring is connected and fixed on the bearing seat, the transmission shaft is rotationally fixed in the bearing seat, and the winding reel is arranged between the bearing seat and the driving motor and sleeved on the transmission shaft.
The flow measuring method of the river section probing type accurate flow measuring system comprises the following steps:
step 1: the driving motor operates to control the paying-off motion of the winding shaft, the armor signal cable passes through the pulley directional measuring device and then is output downwards, the armor signal cable contacts a guide fixed pulley of the pulley directional measuring device and drives the fixed pulley to operate in the same direction through friction force, and a fixed shaft on one side of the guide fixed pulley is connected with an angle sensor through a flexible connector, so that the paying-off length is accurately measured;
step 2: and the armor signal cable downwards passes through a cable fixing hole in the cable anti-swing structure after passing through the pulley measuring device, the armor signal cable is in real-time contact with a deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device measuring terminal, the deflection angle of the cable is measured below the anti-swing structure, and the inclination angle sensor is fixed at the central position of the cable anti-swing device. The vertical distance of the downward placement of the measuring instrument under the influence of water flow can be accurately calculated by utilizing the real-time paying-off distance and the signals output by the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device;
and step 3: an armor signal cable penetrates through a fixed water depth measuring device and a flow velocity measuring device below the anti-swing device, the water depth measuring device comprises a river surface signal and a river bottom signal, and the flow velocity signal and the river surface river bottom signal pass through the armor cable signal wire output value measuring device;
and 4, step 4: a plurality of measuring points can be determined according to the hydrological convention; the accessible is perpendicular unwrapping wire distance data in real time, makes the accurate more than step of the accurate position of parking measurement of current surveying device carry out hydrographic parameter measurement such as velocity of flow to obtain reliable river course section flow data.
The river section probing type accurate flow measuring method is characterized in that the line laying length L in the step 1fCalculating the formula:
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; n is the revolution; theta0Is an initial temporary storage angle; theta1Is a real-time angle; d is the diameter of the directional pulley;
Lr＝Lfcos(α1-α0+β)
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; l isrFor paying-off the vertical distance in real time α0α as initial device tilt angle1The real-time device inclination angle is shown, and β is the deflection angle of the signal cable and the direction vertical to the vehicle body.
The flow measuring method of the river section probing type accurate flow measuring system utilizes the pulley orientation measuring device to accurately measure the paying-off length, adopts the deflection angle correction and device inclination angle correction modes to accurately measure and calculate the flow velocity and the water depth in real time, and effectively solves the problem of poor measurement accuracy caused by angle deviation due to environmental weather and flow velocity.
Through the river section probing type accurate flow measuring method and device, the limitation of cable channel type and track type flow measuring conditions is broken through, the applicability is strong, the method has more general popularization and practicability, the problems that in river section probing type flow velocity flow measurement, the precision is low, line length deflection angles are not corrected, water depth and siltation cannot be accurately measured and the like are solved, the measuring precision and the measuring efficiency of section flow are improved, and reliable data are provided for accurate water measurement of channel sections.
Example 1
The river section probing type accurate current measuring system is matched with a cable channel automatic current measuring hanging box or a rail type automatic current measuring vehicle, the cable channel automatic current measuring hanging box or the rail type automatic current measuring vehicle adopts the existing products, the whole structure is installed in the current measuring system, and particularly, a door-shaped bearing fixing frame 23 is fixed on a box body or the current measuring vehicle.
A river section probing type accurate flow measuring system comprises a gate-shaped bearing fixing frame, a signal cable, a driving motor, a wire winding device, a pulley directional measuring device, a cable anti-swing structure, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the pulley directional measuring device and the cable anti-swing structure are respectively arranged on the gate-shaped bearing fixing frame;
a driving motor is connected with and fixed with a winding reel in a probing measuring system, an armor cable is wound on the winding reel, the winding reel is driven by the driving motor to rotate to achieve the lowering and recovery of the armor cable, the armor cable downwards passes through a middle cable fixing hole of a cable anti-swing structure after passing through a pulley directional measuring device, a fixed pulley fixing guide wheel on one side of the pulley directional measuring device is connected with a 360-degree Hall angle sensor through a flexible connector, the paying-off length is accurately measured, and a cable length measuring interface is provided; the other side is fixed with a stroke limiter to determine the uplink positioning of the cable anti-swing structure; the other end of the armor signal cable is connected with a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment.
Wherein, 4 anti-swing frame sliding blocks are fixed on two sides of the cable anti-swing structure to ensure that the anti-swing structure can freely move up and down;
the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device is arranged on the anti-swing structure, the swing part of the deflection angle correction device is in real-time contact with the armor cable, and the deflection angle and the inclination of the device of the cable are measured; providing a real-time line length deflection angle measuring interface and an inclination angle interface;
the armor cable is lowered, fixed and connected with the water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment; the water depth measuring device provides a water level signal and a water bottom signal, and the flow velocity measuring equipment provides a flow velocity signal; data signals are transmitted upwards through the armor cable;
example 2
The river section probing type accurate current measuring system is matched with a cable channel automatic current measuring hanging box or a rail type automatic current measuring vehicle, the cable channel automatic current measuring hanging box or the rail type automatic current measuring vehicle adopts the existing products, the whole structure is installed in the current measuring system, and particularly, a door-shaped bearing fixing frame 23 is fixed on a box body or the current measuring vehicle.
A river section probing type accurate flow measuring system comprises a gate-shaped bearing fixing frame, a signal cable, a driving motor, a wire winding device, a pulley directional measuring device, a cable anti-swing structure, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the pulley directional measuring device and the cable anti-swing structure are respectively arranged on the gate-shaped bearing fixing frame;
the winding device comprises a winding reel, a signal cable and a transmission shaft, the driving motor is connected with the winding reel through the transmission shaft, one end of the winding reel penetrates into the winding reel to be fixed, the signal cable is wound on the winding reel, when the armor signal cable penetrates through the directional pulley measuring device and downwards penetrates through the middle cable fixing hole of the anti-swing frame main body, and the water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment are arranged at the other end of the armor signal cable.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: a driving motor 1 is arranged at a proper position behind the system, the driving motor 1 is connected with a winding reel 3 through a transmission shaft 2, and the system keeps the winding reel 3 centered with a door-shaped bearing fixing frame 23 on the system center line; one end of a signal cable 6 penetrates into the winding reel 3 to be fixed, and a signal wire inside the signal cable 6 is connected with the electric brush slip ring 4 to output signals; the external part of the signal cable 6 bears the load, the internal part of the signal cable 6 transmits signals, the signal cable 6 is wound on the winding reel 3, the driving motor 1 is utilized to drive the winding reel 3 to rotate to achieve the lowering and the recovery of the cable, and the armor cable passes through the guide fixed pulley 7 of the directional pulley measuring device and then downwards passes through the middle cable fixing hole of the cable anti-swing structure 13 main body; and the other end of the armor signal cable is connected with a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment.
The door-shaped bearing fixing frame comprises an upper frame and two side frames, the upper frame and the two side frames are vertically arranged, and two sides of the cable anti-swing structure are connected with the beam side frames;
the pulley directional measuring device is fixed with the upper frame;
the pulley directional measuring device comprises a guide fixed pulley, a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, a flexible connector, an angle sensor and a pulley bracket, wherein the guide fixed pulley, the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel and the flexible connector are arranged in the pulley bracket, and the fixed stroke limiter and the angle sensor are arranged on two sides of the pulley bracket;
the guide fixed pulley is in transmission connection with a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, and the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel is connected with an angle sensor through a flexible connector.
The guide fixed pulley 7 rotates to drive a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel 8, the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel 8 is connected with an angle sensor 10 through a flexible connector 9, the paying-off length is accurately measured, and the angle sensor 10 provides a wire length measuring interface; a fixed stroke limiter 11 is arranged on one side of the pulley bracket 12 to determine the upward positioning of the cable anti-swing structure;
the cable swing-proof structure comprises a swing-proof frame main body, a swing-proof frame sliding block and a swing-proof frame sliding way, wherein the swing-proof frame main body is in sliding connection with the swing-proof frame sliding way through the swing-proof frame sliding block. Anti-swing frame sliding blocks 19 are arranged on two sides of the anti-swing frame main body 13 to ensure that the anti-swing structure can stably and freely move up and down;
the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device comprises a deflection angle measuring sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a deflection angle swinging shaft and a fixed support, wherein the fixed support comprises an upper support and a lower support, the deflection angle measuring sensor and the deflection angle of the inclination angle sensor are arranged on the upper portion of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the upper support, the deflection angle swinging shaft is arranged on the upper portion of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the lower support, and the deflection angle swinging shaft is in contact connection with a signal cable.
The deflection angle measuring sensor 14 and the inclination angle sensor 15 are arranged on the structure of the anti-swing frame main body 13, and the deflection angle swing shaft 16 is in real-time contact with the signal cable 6 to measure the deflection angle of the cable and the inclination of the device; the declination measurement sensor 14 and the tilt sensor 15 provide a linear declination interface and a tilt interface.
Example 3
The river section probing type accurate flow measurement system is matched with a cable channel automatic flow measurement hanging box or a rail type automatic flow measurement vehicle, the cable channel automatic flow measurement hanging box or the rail type automatic flow measurement vehicle adopts the existing products, the whole structure is installed in the flow measurement system, and particularly, the door-shaped bearing fixing frame 23 is fixed in a hanging box body or the rail type flow measurement vehicle.
A river section probing type accurate flow measuring system comprises a gate-shaped bearing fixing frame, a signal cable, a driving motor, a wire winding device, a pulley directional measuring device, a cable anti-swing structure, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the pulley directional measuring device and the cable anti-swing structure are respectively arranged on the gate-shaped bearing fixing frame;
the winding device comprises a winding reel, a signal cable and a transmission shaft, wherein a driving motor is connected with the winding reel through the transmission shaft, one end of the winding reel penetrates into the winding reel to be fixed, the signal cable is wound on the winding reel, the armor signal cable penetrates through a middle cable fixing hole of the directional pulley measuring device and downwards penetrates through the middle cable fixing hole of the swing frame main body, and the other end of the armor signal cable is connected with a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment.
The door-shaped bearing fixing frame comprises an upper frame and two side frames, the upper frame and the two side frames are vertically arranged, and two sides of the cable anti-swing structure are connected with the beam side frames;
the pulley directional measuring device is fixed with the upper frame;
the pulley directional measuring device comprises a guide fixed pulley, a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, a flexible connector, an angle sensor and a pulley bracket, wherein the guide fixed pulley, the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel and the flexible connector are arranged in the pulley bracket, and the fixed stroke limiter and the angle sensor are arranged on two sides of the pulley bracket;
the guide fixed pulley is in transmission connection with a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, and the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel is connected with an angle sensor through a flexible connector.
The guide fixed pulley 7 rotates to drive a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel 8, the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel 8 is connected with an angle sensor 10 through a flexible connector 9, the paying-off length is accurately measured, and the angle sensor 10 provides a wire length measuring interface; a fixed stroke limiter 11 is arranged on one side of the pulley bracket 12 to determine the upward positioning of the cable anti-swing structure;
the cable swing-proof structure comprises a swing-proof frame main body, a swing-proof frame sliding block and a swing-proof frame sliding way, wherein the swing-proof frame main body is in sliding connection with the swing-proof frame sliding way through the swing-proof frame sliding block. Anti-swing frame sliding blocks 19 are arranged on two sides of the anti-swing frame main body 13 to ensure that the anti-swing structure can stably and freely move up and down;
the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device comprises a deflection angle measuring sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a deflection angle swinging shaft and a fixed support, wherein the fixed support comprises an upper support and a lower support, the deflection angle measuring sensor and the deflection angle of the inclination angle sensor are arranged on the upper portion of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the upper support, the deflection angle swinging shaft is arranged on the upper portion of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the lower support, and the deflection angle swinging shaft is in contact connection with a signal cable.
The deflection angle measuring sensor 14 and the inclination angle sensor 15 are arranged on the structure of the anti-swing frame main body 13, and the deflection angle swing shaft 16 is in real-time contact with the signal cable 6 to measure the deflection angle of the cable and the inclination of the device; the deflection angle measuring sensor 14 and the inclination angle sensor 15 provide a linear deflection angle interface and an inclination angle interface;
the signal cable 6 passes through the anti-swing structure, and is lowered, fixed and connected with the water depth measuring device 24 and the flow velocity measuring equipment 25; the water depth measuring device 24 extracts water through the surface measuring contact point 21 to provide a water level signal, the float type bottom detecting travel switch 22 provides a water bottom signal, and the flow velocity measuring equipment 25 provides a flow velocity signal; the data signal is transmitted upward through the signal cable 6, the center data line. Bathymetric survey device 24 still is provided with the balancing weight, drives bathymetric survey device and velocity of flow measuring equipment and transfers.
Example 4
The river section probing type accurate flow measuring method comprises the following steps:
A) the driving motor operates to control the paying-off motion of the winding shaft, the cable passes through the pulley orientation measuring device and then is output downwards, the cable contacts the fixed pulley, the fixed pulley is driven to operate in the same direction through friction force, a fixed shaft on one side of the fixed pulley is connected with a 360-degree Hall angle sensor through a flexible connector, and the paying-off length is accurately measured and calculated.
Length L of pay-offfCalculating the formula:
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; n is the revolution; theta0Is an initial temporary storage angle; theta1Is a real-time angle; d is the diameter of the directional pulley.
B) The armor cable penetrates through the pulley measuring device and then downwards penetrates through a central line cable fixing hole in the cable anti-swing structure, the armor cable is in real-time contact with a deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device measuring terminal, the deflection angle of the cable is measured below the anti-swing structure, and the inclination angle sensor is fixed at the central position of the cable anti-swing device. The vertical distance of the downward placement of the measuring instrument under the influence of water flow can be accurately calculated by utilizing the real-time pay-off distance and the signals output by the deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device.
Real-time pay-off vertical distance LrThe calculation formula is as follows:
Lr＝Lfcos(α1-α0+β)
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; l isrFor paying-off the vertical distance in real time α0α as initial device tilt angle1The real-time device inclination angle is shown, and β is the deflection angle of the signal cable and the direction vertical to the vehicle body.
C) The device comprises a cable anti-swing device, a water depth measuring device and a flow velocity measuring device, wherein the water depth measuring device comprises a river surface signal and a river bottom signal, and the flow velocity signal and the river bottom signal pass through an armor cable signal wire output value measuring device.
Example 5
The river section probing type accurate flow measuring method comprises the following steps:
A. the driving motor drives the winding reel to rotate and transfer the signal cable, the signal cable drives the guide fixed pulley to rotate by utilizing friction force, so that the angle sensor starts to rotate, and the paying-off length L is accurately measured in real timefLowering the signal cable while recording the initial cable deflection angle α0Real time cable declination α1(ii) a Calculating the vertical distance L of the pay-off line in real timerThe calculation formula is as follows:
Lr＝Lfcos(α1-α0)
B. in the paying-off process, when the cable is not contacted with the water surface, the inclination angle sensor records the real-time inclination angle β1And β0Equal;
C. the bathymetric survey device is lowered to the water surface, a water level signal is provided by a water surface measurement contact point, and the vertical paying-off distance L of the water surface is recorded1＝LfRecording the initial angle of inclination β when the water level signal is received0Calculating the vertical pay-off distance L in real time after entering waterrThe calculation formula is as follows:
Lr＝Lfcos(α1-α0+β1-β0)
D. lowering an instrument to the bottom of a river, providing a bottom detection signal by a float type bottom detection travel switch, and recording the vertical pay-off distance L of the water surface2＝LfAnd thus the water depth Lλ＝L2-L1；
E. Measuring target point L by water depth measurement and calculationc，LcThe method is not unique, and a plurality of measuring points can be determined according to the hydrological convention;
F. the signal cable drives the flow velocity measuring equipment to be arranged at a measuring target point for respectively measuring flow, and data are upwards transmitted to the receiving control terminal through a central signal line of the signal cable;
G. after the vertical line measurement is finished, recovering the instrument to a target value on the water surface, and finishing the vertical line measurement;
H. by the method, a plurality of measuring points can be arranged on the cross section of the river channel to carry out accurate measurement, and then the flow of the cross section is measured and calculated according to the measured values;
the specific cross section flow measurement comprises the following steps:
(1) and calculating the average velocity of the vertical line according to the measured velocity of the measuring point bathymetric survey device. According to the actual measurement condition, the average velocity V of the vertical line of each measuring line is calculated according to the average velocity of the vertical linem1、Vm2、…、Vm(n-1)。
(2) The partial average flow rate is calculated. The partial average flow velocity is the average of the average flow velocities of the two adjacent measuring lines in the perpendicular direction, i.e.
V2＝1/2(Vm1+Vm2)
V3＝1/2(Vm2+Vm3)
……
Water side part average flow velocity (V)1Or Vn) Equal to the average vertical flow velocity (V) of the nearshore survey linem1Or Vm(n-1)) By a shore flow rate coefficient, i.e.
V1＝Vm1
Vn＝Vm(n-1)
The shoreside velocity coefficient is related to the cross-sectional shape of the channel, the roughness of the channel bank, the water flow conditions, and the like. And the value is reasonably selected, so that the improvement of the flow measurement precision is obviously influenced, and the value can be determined through actual measurement.
(3) The partial area is calculated. The channel section is an equilateral trapezoid, the area of the part is obtained by multiplying the average value of the water depth at two adjacent measuring lines by the distance between the measuring lines, and fig. 6 is a schematic view of the section of the channel to be measured in the invention.
f2＝1/2(D1+D2)b2
f3＝1/2(D2+D3)b3
……
The area of two water edge parts is
f1＝1/2(D1b1)
fn＝1/2(Dn-1bn)
(4) The partial flow is calculated. The partial flow is obtained by multiplying the area of each block by the average flow velocity of the corresponding part of the area.
(5) Calculating cross sectionAnd (4) flow rate. Respective partial flows qiThe sum is the section flow Q:
compared with the prior art, the device comprises a driving motor, a winding roll, a pulley directional measuring device capable of accurately measuring the length of a wire, an anti-swing structure, a deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the driving motor of the device drives the winding roll to rotate to transfer and recover, and after a cable passes through the pulley directional measuring device and the anti-swing structure at the top, the loaded water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment perform probing type measuring work. The device provides standard signal interfaces such as line length data signal, inclination and declination data, surface of water and bottom signal, can insert various acquisition terminals, be applicable to the multiple type formula automatic measurement system that explores, solved river section and explored difficult problems such as precision is low in the formula velocity of flow measurement, line length declination does not have the correction, the depth of water, siltation can't accurate measurement, improved section flow measurement accuracy and measurement efficiency, reach the purpose that the accurate flow measurement of river section formula of exploring, provide reliable data for the accurate water gaging of channel section.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A river section probing type accurate flow measuring system is characterized by comprising a door-shaped bearing fixing frame, an armored signal cable, a driving motor, a wire winding device, a pulley directional measuring device, a cable anti-swing structure, a water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment, wherein the pulley directional measuring device and the cable anti-swing structure are respectively arranged on the door-shaped bearing fixing frame;
the winding device comprises a winding reel, an armored signal cable and a transmission shaft, the driving motor is connected with the winding reel through the transmission shaft, one end of the winding reel penetrates into the winding reel to be fixed, the armored signal cable is wound on the winding reel, the armored signal cable penetrates through the directional pulley measuring device and downwards penetrates through a middle cable fixing hole of the anti-swing frame main body, and the other end of the armored signal cable is connected with the water depth measuring device and the flow velocity measuring equipment.
2. The river section probing type accurate current surveying system according to claim 1, further comprising a drift angle and inclination angle correction device disposed on the cable anti-swing structure;
the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device comprises a deflection angle measuring sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a deflection angle swinging shaft and a fixed support, wherein the fixed support comprises an upper support and a lower support, the deflection angle measuring sensor and the deflection angle of the inclination angle sensor are arranged on the upper part of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the upper support, the deflection angle swinging shaft is arranged on the upper part of the main structure of the anti-swing frame through the lower support, and the deflection angle swinging shaft is in contact connection with the armored signal cable.
3. The river section probing type accurate flow measuring system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gate-shaped bearing fixing frame comprises an upper frame and two side frames, and the upper frame and the two side frames are vertically arranged;
the cable anti-swing structure comprises an anti-swing frame main body, an anti-swing frame sliding block and an anti-swing frame sliding way, wherein the anti-swing frame main body is connected with the side frame through the anti-swing frame sliding block and the anti-swing frame sliding way.
4. The river section probing type accurate current measuring system according to claim 3, wherein the pulley directional measuring device is fixed with the upper frame;
the pulley orientation measuring device comprises a guide fixed pulley, a fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, a flexible connector, an angle sensor and a pulley bracket, wherein the guide fixed pulley, the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel and the flexible connector are arranged in the pulley bracket, and the fixed stroke limiter and the angle sensor are arranged on two sides of the pulley bracket;
the guide fixed pulley is in transmission connection with the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel, and the fixed pulley fixed guide wheel is connected with the angle sensor through the flexible connector.
5. The river section probing type accurate current surveying system according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein the armored signal cable passes through the anti-swing structure, and the armored signal cable is fixed and connected with a water depth measuring device and a flow velocity measuring device.
6. The river section probing type accurate current surveying system according to claim 5, wherein the water depth measuring device comprises a depth measuring device metal shell, a water surface measuring contact point and a float type bottom probing stroke switch, the float type bottom probing stroke switch is arranged in the depth measuring device metal shell, the water surface measuring contact point is arranged outside the depth measuring device metal shell, and the float type bottom probing stroke switch is connected with the signal cable.
7. The river section probing type accurate current surveying system according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, wherein the signal cable is a signal cable, the signal cable is of an external bearing structure, and a signal wire is arranged in the signal cable for signal transmission.
8. The river section probing type accurate current measuring system according to claim 5, wherein the signal wires inside the armored signal cable are connected with brush slip rings, the brush slip rings are connected and fixed on a bearing seat, the transmission shaft is rotationally fixed in the bearing seat, and the winding reel is arranged between the bearing seat and the driving motor and is sleeved on the transmission shaft.
9. The flow measuring method based on the river section probing type accurate flow measuring system of any one of claims 1-9 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the driving motor operates to control the paying-off motion of the winding shaft, the armor signal cable passes through the pulley directional measuring device and then is output downwards, the armor signal cable contacts a guide fixed pulley of the pulley directional measuring device and drives the fixed pulley to operate in the same direction through friction force, and a fixed shaft on one side of the guide fixed pulley is connected with an angle sensor through a flexible connector, so that the paying-off length is accurately measured;
step 2: and the armor signal cable downwards passes through a cable fixing hole in the cable anti-swing structure after passing through the pulley measuring device, the armor signal cable is in real-time contact with a deflection angle and inclination angle correcting device measuring terminal, the deflection angle of the cable is measured below the anti-swing structure, and the inclination angle sensor is fixed at the central position of the cable anti-swing device. The vertical distance of the downward placement of the measuring instrument under the influence of water flow can be accurately calculated by utilizing the real-time paying-off distance and the signals output by the deflection angle and inclination angle correction device;
and step 3: an armor signal cable penetrates through a fixed water depth measuring device and flow velocity measuring equipment below the anti-swing device, the water depth measuring device comprises a river surface signal and a river bottom signal, and the flow velocity signal and the river surface river bottom signal are output to the measuring device through an armor cable signal wire;
and 4, step 4: a plurality of measuring points can be determined according to the hydrological convention; the accessible is perpendicular unwrapping wire distance data in real time, makes the accurate more than step of the accurate position of parking measurement of current surveying device carry out hydrographic parameter measurement such as velocity of flow to obtain reliable river course section flow data.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pay-off length L in step 1 isfCalculating the formula:
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; n is the revolution; theta0Is an initial pauseStoring the angle; theta1Is a real-time angle; d is the diameter of the directional pulley;
step 2, paying off the vertical distance L in real timerThe calculation formula is as follows:
Lr＝Lfcos(α1-α0+β)
in the formula LfThe distance is paid off in real time; l isrFor paying-off the vertical distance in real time α0α as initial device tilt angle1The real-time device inclination angle is shown, and β is the deflection angle of the signal cable and the direction vertical to the vehicle body.
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| CN112050740A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-08 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Mooring safety monitoring and early warning system |
| CN112113625A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2020-12-22 | 河南安宏信息科技有限公司 | River flow velocity measuring system and method |
| CN112254772A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-22 | 唐山现代工控技术有限公司 | Integrated hanging vertical line flow measuring instrument and flow measuring method thereof |
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| CN114526711A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-24 | 郑州农人灌溉科技有限公司 | Track type bridge frame type automatic flow measuring system |
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| CN112649030A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-13 | 赵珑迪 | Measuring equipment for water conservancy model section |
| CN112649030B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-07 | 赵珑迪 | Measuring equipment for water conservancy model section |
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| CN112800380B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-09-30 | 天津师范大学 | River section flow measuring device and method |
| CN113358102A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Device and method for shipborne measurement of amplitude of isolated wave in ocean |
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| CN115877030A (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-03-31 | 金田产业发展(山东)集团有限公司 | Measuring device for hydraulic engineering |
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