CN206337217U

CN206337217U - A kind of solid fuel staged combustion device

Info

Publication number: CN206337217U
Application number: CN201621326831.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 殷秀峰; 王健
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-12-06
Filing date: 2016-12-06
Publication date: 2017-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2026-12-06

Abstract

A kind of solid fuel staged combustion device, is related to a kind of burner, and device includes Bunker and solid-state combustion parts（1）, gaseous combustion part（2）, classification air feed part（3）With multigroup fire grate part（4）, Bunker and solid-state combustion parts（1）Including charging aperture（1.1）, newly fuel layer（1.2）, dry thermal cracking layer（1.3）With solid-state burning zone（1.4）；Gaseous combustion part（2）Positioned at the Bunker and solid-state combustion parts（1）Side, including air-breathing contraction section（2.1）, mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）And diffuser（2.3）；It is classified air feed part（3）One-level air feed including bottom（3.1）And with gaseous combustion part（2）Two grades of connected air feeds（3.2）With three-level air feed（3.3）, the equal the pre-heat treatment of air feed；The utility model staged-combustion method can realize that solids fraction and gaseous component burn completely in solid fuel, really realize the cleaning burning of solid fuel.

Description

A kind of solid fuel staged combustion device

Technical field

The utility model is related to a kind of burner, more particularly to a kind of solid fuel staged combustion device.

Background technology

Solid fuel ignition discharge be one of important sources of atmosphere pollution, directly influence Regional Atmospheric Environment and The health of resident, current typical case is exactly the serious gray haze pollution of South Asia brown cloud and China.According to the World Health Organization Recent statistics, Present Global still has about 3,000,000,000 populations can not obtain clean energy resource, is still fired using solids such as coal, stalk, fuel woods Expect to be used to cook and warm oneself, it is most all in middle and low income country, so as to cause global 4.30 ten thousand people's premature deaths.

The burning of solid fuel, hence it is evident that used different from clean energy resource.It, which burns, not only includes the burning of solids fraction, also There is the burning of volatile component in fuel.The direct-fired positive burning of extensive three stone formula burning and bottom air feed top can not be protected The complete burning of solids fraction and gaseous component is demonstrate,proved, outstanding behaviours quick cooling after fresh fuel addition causes flameout, So as to which a large amount of poisonous and harmful atmosphere pollutions are by continued emissions, the phenomenon that dense smoke directly emits is shown as.

The decoupling combustion device and cofiring burner studied recently, have been carried out necessarily to conventional combustion device and technology Improvement, preferably resolve the problem of solid fuel ignition efficiency is low and process is unstable, improve to a certain extent solid The efficiency of combustion of solids fraction in fluid fuel, but volatile matter is relatively low to be consolidated when for the combustion problem of volatile matter, being only applicable to Fluid fuel, the problem of burning insufficient is then still had for the of a relatively high fuel of volatile matter.The solids fraction of solid fuel And volatilization（Can gaseous state）The ratio of component has a great otherness, and wherein volatile matter is accounted between 4% ~ 90% scope.Volatilization Point imperfect combustion, will directly produce the harmful substances such as a large amount of coal tar, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and carbon black, to atmospheric environment and Health causes to have a strong impact on.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of solid fuel staged combustion device, and the utility model fires according to solid Material burning includes solids fraction and the class burning feature of gaseous component two, with reference to solid-state burning and gas combustion characteristics, devises Realize functional areas clearly differentiation and the science theory of combustion in burner, classification realize in solid fuel solids fraction and The complete burning of gaseous component, truly realize the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of solid fuel staged combustion device, described device includes Bunker and solid-state combustion parts, gaseous combustion portion Divide, be classified air feed part and multigroup fire grate part；Bunker and solid-state combustion parts include charging aperture, newly fueled from top to bottom Layer, dry thermal cracking layer and solid-state burning zone；Gaseous combustion part is located at the Bunker and solid-state combustion parts side, and it is under And above include air-breathing contraction section, mixed pyrolysis section and diffuser；Be classified air feed part include bottom one-level air feed and with gas State combustion parts connected two grades of air feeds and three-level air feed；Multigroup fire grate includes being located at solid-state burning zone bottom and one-level air feed top The italic fire grate and horizontal fire grate and the fixed grate positioned at the bottom of gas combustion part height identical with horizontal fire grate in portion.

Solid-state burning zone side in a kind of described solid fuel staged combustion device, the Bunker and solid-state combustion parts Side is directly connected to air-breathing contraction section, and its thickness is suitable with air-breathing contraction section height；Dry thermal cracking layer is immediately on solid-state burning zone Portion, its thickness is suitable with solid-state burning zone thickness；New layer of fueling reaches charging aperture positioned at dry thermal cracking layer top；Charging aperture Fuel a layer top positioned at new, position just on, or side or angle.

A kind of described solid fuel staged combustion device, the gas combustion part is venturi burner, and mixing is split Solution section is cylinder mixing tube, its diameter and length, and length is not less than 10cm；Air-breathing contraction section is located at mixed pyrolysis section below, and Close to solid-state burning zone side, its width is more than mixed tube diameter, is highly not less than 0.6 times of mixing length of tube, is also not higher than 1.5 times of length of tube are mixed, its contraction mouth is located at mixing tube lower end, and surrounding installs two grades of air feed air outlets；Diffuser is located at mixed Close above cracking section, its width is more than mixed tube diameter, is highly not less than mixing length of tube, its diffusion mouthful is located on mixing tube End, surrounding installs three-level air feed air outlet, and its top is connected with heat transmission equipment.

Air feed parts at different levels in a kind of described solid fuel staged combustion device, the classification air feed part are only each other It is vertical, and individually regulation, one-level air feed, below Bunker and solid-state combustion parts homonymy, including air inlet and air intake lead to Road, i.e. the first Slag Room；Two grades of air feeds are arranged on solid-state burning zone lower periphery, and air inlet is located at body of heater front, and passage is bypassed Gaseous combustion part is directly reached behind body of heater front and both sides, is connected with the lower air intake passage of mixing tube periphery；Three-level air feed is pacified Around in the middle part of solid-state burning zone, close to secondary intake adit upside, air inlet is located at body of heater front, and passage is bypassing body of heater just Gaseous combustion part is directly reached behind face and both sides, is connected with the upper air inlet passage of mixing tube periphery.

A kind of described solid fuel staged combustion device, multigroup fire grate part, italic fire grate is Double-layered movable stove Distance is not less than 3cm between row, bilayer, and grate surface and body of heater front form angle and be located between 0 ~ 90 degree, fire grate upper strata lower end Identical height is in horizontal fire grate, there is gap no more than 2cm；Horizontal fire grate is distance between Double-layered movable fire grate, bilayer Not less than 3cm, one section of fire grate is with italic fire grate one end close to partition wall is tight between the other end and the first Slag Room and the second scarfing cinder Neighbour, two ends gap is not more than 2cm；Fixed grate is single layer fixed fire grate, above the second Slag Room, air-breathing contraction section Below, its span is directly connected with body of heater rear wall and Slag Room next door.

Advantage of the present utility model is with effect：

The utility model preferably can not synchronously solve solids fraction and gaseous state in fuel during solid fuel ignition The high-efficiency cleaning combustion problem of component, according to solid fuel ignition feature, with reference to solid-state burning and gas combustion characteristics there is provided A kind of can be classified realizes the solid fuel fractional combustion dress of the complete burning of solids fraction and gaseous component in solid fuel Put and method.

Solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model has clearly divided the functional areas of solid fuel ignition, hence it is evident that Be provided with solid fuel storehouse, dry thermal cracking layer, solid-state burning zone and gaseous state venturi burner etc., ensure the lasting confession of fuel Give, the steady progress of fuel dryer pyrolysis, the complete burning of solids fraction, and the multistage of gaseous state volatile component cracks and complete Burning, it is achieved thereby that the steady high-efficiency cleaning burning of solid fuel.

Solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model and method can realize the high-efficiency cleaning of all kinds of solid fuels Burning, realizes energy-saving and emission-reduction truly and using safety, or the whole world is at present still using coal, stalk, fuel wood etc. Solid fuel is cooked and 3,000,000,000 populations of heating provide high-efficiency cleaning and the burner and combustion method using safety, upgrading area Domain air and human settlement, lifting human health level and extension life-span.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 are the forward sight structure chart of solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model；

Fig. 3 are the venturi burner structure schematic diagram of solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model.

Embodiment

The utility model is described in detail illustrated embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Reference is：1st, Bunker and solid-state combustion parts, 2, gaseous combustion part, 3, classification air feed part, 4, many Group fire grate part, 5, Slag Room, 6, heat transmission equipment, 1.1, charging aperture, 1.2, newly fuel layer, 1.3, dry thermal cracking layer, 1.4, Solid-state burning zone, 2.1, air-breathing contraction section, 2.2, mixed pyrolysis section, 2.3, diffuser, 3.1, one-level air feed, 3.2, two grades supply Wind, 3.3, three-level air feed, 4.1, italic fire grate, 4.2, horizontal fire grate, 4.3, fixed grate, the 5.1, first Slag Room, 5.2, Two Slag Rooms.

It should be noted that：In description of the present utility model, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", it is "left", "right", " perpendicular Directly ", the orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outer " are, based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, to be only Described for the ease of description the utility model and simplifying, rather than to indicate or imply that signified device or element must have specific Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to limitation of the present utility model.In addition, term " the One ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance.Unless otherwise clear and definite Regulation and restriction, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, can also It is to be detachably connected, or is integrally connected；Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also It is indirectly connected to by intermediary, can is the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, may be used Concrete meaning of the above-mentioned term in the utility model is understood with concrete condition.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model and faces structure chart, is fired Burning device mainly includes Bunker and solid-state combustion parts 1, gaseous combustion part 2, classification air feed part 3 and multigroup fire grate part 4.Wherein Bunker and solid-state combustion parts 1 are followed successively by charging aperture 1.1, newly fuel layer 1.2, dry thermal cracking layer from top to bottom 1.3 and solid-state burning zone 1.4；The gaseous combustion part 2 is located at the Bunker and the side of solid-state combustion parts 1, and it is under And above include air-breathing contraction section 2.1, mixed pyrolysis section 2.2 and diffuser 2.3；Multigroup fire grate 4 includes being located at solid-state burning Italic fire grate 4.1 and horizontal fire grate 4.2 and positioned at the bottom of gas combustion part and water at the top of layer bottom and one-level air feed The mutually level fixed grate 4.3 of plain grate 4.2；The classification air feed part 3 include bottom one-level air feed 3.1 and with gas State combustion parts 2 connected two grades of air feeds 3.2 and three-level air feed 3.3；

The side of solid-state burning zone 1.4 is directly connected to air-breathing contraction section 2.1 in Bunker and solid-state combustion parts 1, and it is thick Degree is suitable with the height of air-breathing contraction section 2.1；The immediately top of solid-state burning zone 1.4 of dry thermal cracking layer 1.3, its thickness burns with solid-state 1.4 thickness of layer are suitable；New layer 1.2 of fueling is positioned at 1.3 top of dry thermal cracking layer, and its thickness no requirement (NR) only need to reach charging aperture 1.1；Charging aperture be located at newly fuels a layer top, position is not limited only on just, also can side or angle, only need to meet charging to combustion Feed bin.

Fig. 3 are the venturi burner knot of the gas combustion part 2 of solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model Structure schematic diagram, air-breathing contraction section 2.1 is directly connected to the side of solid-state burning zone 1.4 in Bunker and solid-state combustion parts 1, mixing Cracking section 2.2 and diffuser are displaced upward successively.Wherein mixed pyrolysis section 2.2 is cylinder mixing tube, and its diameter is suitable with length, Length is not less than 10cm；Air-breathing contraction section 2.1 is located at below mixed pyrolysis section 2.2, and close to the side of solid-state burning zone 1.4, its Width have to be larger than the diameter of mixing tube 2.2, is highly not less than 0.6 times of the length of mixing tube 2.2, is also not above mixing tube 2.2 1.5 times of length, its contraction mouth is located at mixing tube lower end, is around provided with two grades of air outlets of air feed 3.2；Diffuser 2.3 is located at Above mixed pyrolysis section 2.2, its width have to be larger than mixed tube diameter, highly be not less than mixing length of tube, and its diffusion mouthful is located at Mixing tube upper end, surrounding installs the air outlet of three-level air feed 3.3.

According to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the air feed parts at different levels in the classification air feed part 3 independently of one another, and can be independent Regulation, and every grade of air feed be preheated after use so that realize different solid fuels clean and effective burning.Wherein one-level air feed 3.1, below the Bunker and the homonymy of solid-state combustion parts 1, including air inlet and air intake passage（That is the first Slag Room 5.1）；Two grades of air feeds 3.2 are arranged on the lower periphery of solid-state burning zone 1.4, and air inlet is located at body of heater front, and passage is bypassing body of heater just Gaseous combustion part 2 is directly reached behind face and both sides, is connected with the lower air intake passage of the periphery of mixing tube 2.2；Three-level air feed 3.3 is pacified Around the middle part of solid-state burning zone 1.4, close to the secondary passage of air feed 3.2 upside, air inlet is located at body of heater front, and passage is bypassed Gaseous combustion part is directly reached behind body of heater front and both sides, is connected with the upper air inlet passage of the periphery of mixing tube 2.2.

Solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model, multigroup fire grate part 4, italic fire grate 4.1 is Double-layered movable Distance is not less than 3cm between fire grate, bilayer, and grate surface and body of heater front form angle and be located between 0 ~ 90 degree, the upper strata of fire grate 4.1 Lower end is in identical height with horizontal fire grate 4.2, and only exists compared with small gap（Generally no greater than 2cm）；Horizontal fire grate 4.2 is double Layer moving grate, it is double-deck between distance be not less than 3cm, one section of fire grate and italic fire grate one end are close to the other end and the first scarfing cinder Partition wall is close to two ends gap is not more than 2cm between the Slag Room 5.2 of room 5.1 and second；Fixed grate 4.3 is individual layer stationary furnace Row, below the top of the second Slag Room 5.2, air-breathing contraction section 2.1, its span directly with body of heater rear wall and Slag Room every Wall is connected.

Solid fuel staged combustion device of the present utility model, after the air feed parts at different levels of classification air feed part 3 are preheated Use, wherein one-level air feed 3.1 enters the first Slag Room 5.1 and can tentatively heated, then reach double grate intermediate layer, further High-temperature heating, finally reaches solid-state burning zone 1.4；Two grades of air feeds 3.2 enter after two grades of intake adits, and its passage is only only around height The solid-state burning zone of temperature, so as to be heated by radiation, then reaches the mixed pyrolysis section of venturi burner, can further be heated, So as to reach directly combustion-supporting temperature；Three-level air feed 3.3 enters after three-level intake adit, solid-state of its passage only only around high temperature Burning zone, so as to be heated by radiation, then reaches the mixed pyrolysis section of venturi burner, can further be heated, so as to reach Direct combustion-supporting high temperature.

Combustion method of the utility model based on solid fuel staged combustion device, comprises the following steps：

1）New to fuel arrival dry thermal cracking layer, solid fuel is dried and gone volatile matter process, realize fixed carbon with The separation of volatile matter, the lower gas of the dry thermal cracking floor height temperature such as the larger coal tar of the volatile matter material polymolecular amount that is pyrolyzed out and hydro carbons State material, the fixed carbon isolated be solid fuel under dry thermal cracking floor height temperature not volatile solids fraction, that is, Realize the separation of two big combustible components in solid fuel；

2）Step 1）The solid combustible component isolated enters after solid-state burning zone, enters in an air feed from bottom air feed mouthful Enter, then by rapidly pre-warming after wearing between double-layer grate, reach solid-state burning zone so that solids fraction is realized under excess oxygen Fully burning is until after-flame；So as to reduce the generation of CO in solids fraction combustion process to greatest extent；

3）Step 1）Isolate gaseous material passes through high-temperature solid burning zone under suction function, carry out coal tar etc. big Molecular substance is tentatively cracked, the excess air mixed combustion of the material such as hydro carbons and hydrogen of its small molecular and First air, is maintained Fuel gas component high temperature and transfer fire；

4）Step 3）The small-molecule substance of generation and the macromolecular substances not cracked completely enter under chimney suction function Enter venturi burner contraction section, further mixed with Secondary Air after preheating, subsequently enter mixed pyrolysis section and carry out eddying motion Mixed combustion, realizes the abundant cracking of the macromoleculars such as coal tar, and the progress burning of small-molecule substance maintains prolonging for thermal-flame It is continuous；

5）Step 4）Combustible and combustion product after cracking reach diffuser, and a large amount of of oxygen are disappeared due to being burnt Consumption, and the great amount of carbon dioxide produced can break up fuel gas as multiple small air mass, to ensure these fuel gas Fully burning, the air after third time preheating, which must suitably be given, to be supplemented, and finally realizes the complete burning of gaseous component；So as to The high-efficiency cleaning burning of volatile components in solid fuel is truly realized, the very big emission reduction of pollutant is realized.

Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is only limited to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to it System；Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments, one of ordinary skill in the art should Understand：It can still modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or to which part or whole Technical characteristic carries out equivalent；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from this practicality newly The scope of each embodiment technical scheme of type.

Claims

1. a kind of solid fuel staged combustion device, it is characterised in that described device includes Bunker and solid-state combustion parts （1）, gaseous combustion part（2）, classification air feed part（3）With multigroup fire grate part（4）；Bunker and solid-state combustion parts（1） Include charging aperture from top to bottom（1.1）, newly fuel layer（1.2）, dry thermal cracking layer（1.3）With solid-state burning zone（1.4）；Gaseous state Combustion parts（2）Positioned at the Bunker and solid-state combustion parts（1）Side, it includes air-breathing contraction section from bottom to top（2.1）、 Mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）And diffuser（2.3）；It is classified air feed part（3）One-level air feed including bottom（3.1）And and gaseous state Combustion parts（2）Two grades of connected air feeds（3.2）With three-level air feed（3.3）；Multigroup fire grate part（4）Including being burnt positioned at solid-state Italic fire grate at the top of layer bottom and one-level air feed（4.1）With horizontal fire grate（4.2）And positioned at the bottom of gas combustion part With horizontal fire grate（4.2）Mutually level fixed grate（4.3）.

2. a kind of solid fuel staged combustion device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Bunker and solid-state Combustion parts（1）Middle solid-state burning zone（1.4）Side and air-breathing contraction section（2.1）It is directly connected to, its thickness and air-breathing contraction section （2.1）Height is quite；Dry thermal cracking layer（1.3）Immediately solid-state burning zone（1.4）Top, its thickness and solid-state burning zone（1.4） Thickness is suitable；Newly fuel layer（1.2）Positioned at dry thermal cracking layer（1.3）Top, reaches charging aperture（1.1）；Charging aperture is located at new Fuel a layer top, position just on, or side or angle.

3. a kind of solid fuel staged combustion device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas combustion part （2）For venturi burner, mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）For cylinder mixing tube, its diameter and length, length are not less than 10cm；Inhale Gas contraction section（2.1）Positioned at mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）Below, and close to solid-state burning zone（1.4）Side, its width is more than mixing Crack section（2.2）Diameter, is highly not less than mixed mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）0.6 times of length, also not higher than mixed pyrolysis section （2.2）1.5 times of length, its contraction mouth is located at mixed pyrolysis section lower end, and surrounding installs two grades of air feeds（3.2）Air outlet；Diffusion Section（2.3）Positioned at mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）Above, its width is more than mixed pyrolysis section diameter, is highly not less than mixed pyrolysis section Length, its diffusion mouthful is located at mixed pyrolysis section upper end, and surrounding installs three-level air feed（3.3）Air outlet, its top and heat transmission equipment （6）Connection.

4. a kind of solid fuel staged combustion device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the classification air feed part （3）In air feed parts at different levels independently of one another, and individually regulation, one-level air feed（3.1）, installed in Bunker and solid-state combustion section Point（1）Below homonymy, including air inlet and air intake passage, i.e. the first Slag Room（5.1）；Two grades of air feeds（3.2）Installed in solid-state Burning zone（1.4）Lower periphery, air inlet is located at body of heater front, and passage, which is bypassed, directly reaches gaseous state combustion behind body of heater front and both sides Burn part（2）, with mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）The lower air intake passage of periphery is connected；Three-level air feed（3.3）Installed in solid-state burning zone （1.4）Around middle part, close to secondary air feed（3.2）On the upside of passage, air inlet is located at body of heater front, passage bypass body of heater front and Gaseous combustion part is directly reached behind both sides, with mixed pyrolysis section（2.2）The upper air inlet passage of periphery is connected.

5. a kind of solid fuel staged combustion device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that multigroup fire grate part （4）, italic fire grate（4.1）For Double-layered movable fire grate, it is double-deck between distance be not less than 3cm, grate surface forms angle with body of heater front Degree is located between 0 ~ 90 degree, fire grate（4.1）Upper strata lower end and horizontal fire grate（4.2）In identical height, there is gap and be not more than 2cm；Horizontal fire grate（4.2）For Double-layered movable fire grate, it is double-deck between distance be not less than 3cm, one section of fire grate and italic fire grate one end Close to the other end and the first Slag Room（5.1）With the second Slag Room（5.2）Between partition wall close to two ends gap is not more than 2cm；Fixed grate（4.3）For single layer fixed fire grate, installed in the second Slag Room（5.2）Top, air-breathing contraction section（2.1）Under Face, its span is directly connected with body of heater rear wall and Slag Room next door.