CN106642082B - A kind of small cyclones melting coal-powder boiler - Google Patents
A kind of small cyclones melting coal-powder boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN106642082B CN106642082B CN201611121331.6A CN201611121331A CN106642082B CN 106642082 B CN106642082 B CN 106642082B CN 201611121331 A CN201611121331 A CN 201611121331A CN 106642082 B CN106642082 B CN 106642082B
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- coal
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
- F23C5/32—Disposition of burners to obtain rotating flames, i.e. flames moving helically or spirally
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of small cyclones to melt coal-powder boiler, belongs to coal-dust combustion device field.A kind of small cyclones melting coal-powder boiler is by blade type turbulent burner, vortex melt-combustion room, high-temperature flue gas fairlead, secondary furnace and heat exchange burner hearth composition.Its lobular turbulent burner is made of as First air and coal dust mixing entrance shell and swirl vane, and is connected with vortex melt-combustion ceiling end；Vortex melt-combustion room top is each side disposed with the high temperature air entrance of a tangential tilt downward (tilt adjustable section), and lower part is slag notch；High-temperature flue gas fairlead is drawn by vortex melt-combustion ceiling portion middle position, and there are two tangential air intake vents in horizontal segment arrangement, high-temperature flue gas fairlead horizontal end is finally connected with secondary furnace through certain angle of expanding, secondary furnace top is heat exchange burner hearth, heat exchange burner hearth lining is equipped with heating surface, and high-temperature flue gas is in the progress heat exchange in burner hearth that exchanges heat.Present invention improves the small coal-powder boiler coal adaptability carried out at present is poor, fire box temperature is low, combustion instability and the high problem of unburned carbon in flue dust.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal-fired industry coal-powder boiler, specially small cyclones melt coal-powder boiler.
Background technique
The existing Industrial Boiler in China more than 50 ten thousand, wherein coal-burning boiler accounts for 85%, and middle and small burn coal boiler is general at present
Mode is fired all over using layer, often there are the losses such as leakage coal, flying dust, smoke evacuation in combustion, thus operational efficiency is very low.Meanwhile
Industry coal-boiler is the second largest coal-smoke pollution source in addition to station boiler, seriously polluted, is difficult to focus on.With environment
Problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and requirement of the relevant government department to the environmental protection aspect such as industry boiler energy-conservation emission reduction is also higher and higher, in view of
China's richness coal, the resources characteristic of oil-poor, few gas are completely unrealistic at fuel-oil or fuel-gas boiler by boiler improvement.Thus, due to
Small coal-powder boiler is efficient, and energy conservation, the advantage of emission reduction, the development of small-sized pulverized-coal fired boiler just seems necessary.Currently, passing through study moral
The successful experience of the small pulverized-coal fired boiler of Guo Deng developed country, China Coal Research Institute have been developed that the height for possessing independent intellectual property right
Pulverized-coal fired boiler is imitated, and is promoted on Shanxi, Liaoning and other places, effect is preferable.
But there is also some problems for the small pulverized-coal fired boiler promoted at present.Firstly, small pulverized-coal fired boiler require to use high volatile,
High heating value, high ash melting point, weak caking property, the low water of low-sulfur low ash high-quality bituminous coal, i.e., top quality III class bituminous coal can only be burnt, to coal
Matter it is more demanding；Simultaneously as furnace water cooling degree is larger, cause fire box temperature lower, burns more unstable；Moreover, because
Burner hearth is smaller, and flame travel falls short of, without enough tail-off times, cause CO amount remaining in unburned carbon in flue dust and flue gas compared with
Height, to reduce the boiler efficiency of small pulverized-coal fired boiler.
Therefore, in order to promote the use of small coal-powder boiler, its technological merit is utilized, it is necessary to pass through some structure changes and operation side
The change of formula is to overcome above-mentioned disadvantage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the changes by separation and Boiler Operation on burning and heat exchange structure, to overcome mesh
The problems such as coal quality requirements existing for preceding small pulverized-coal fired boiler are high, combustion instability, unburned carbon in flue dust is high, while further attempting to reduce
The discharge of NOx keeps its more environmentally-friendly reliable.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: small cyclones melting coal-powder boiler includes blade type turbulent burner, and whirlwind is molten
Melt combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas fairlead, secondary furnace and heat exchange burner hearth.When operation, First air carries coal dust and is fired by blade type eddy flow
Burner is fed by whirlwind melt-combustion ceiling portion spiral；Tangential high temperature air is provided at left and right sides of the top of whirlwind melt-combustion room
Entrance, high temperature air are equivalent to tangential Secondary Air, into combustor ignition coal dust, form high temperature fused state；Combustion chamber lower part
It is provided with slag notch, slag is flowed down along wall surface and is thus discharged.High-temperature flue gas fairlead is drawn by top of combustion chamber middle position, coal
The high-temperature flue gas that powder burning generates imports secondary furnace through fairlead, eventually enters into heat exchange burner hearth, and wherein fairlead horizontal segment is arranged
There is tangential air port, thus appropriate flue gas and air mixture spray into, on the one hand uncombusted in whirlwind melt-combustion room for guaranteeing
Volatile matter and coal dust it is completely burned off, be on the other hand equivalent to flue gas recirculation, the generation of NOx can also be reduced.
It is further characterized by: using the combination of blade type turbulent burner and whirlwind combustion chamber, greatly increase
The residence time of the mixability and coal dust of strong coal dust and air, meanwhile, high temperature air entrance is diagonally downward and adjustable angle
(range be 10 ° ~ 80 °) reduces coal dust and has just enter into combustion chamber just from the ratio of high-temperature flue gas fairlead escape, while into one
Step strengthens disturbance, burns more thorough.At the same time, in order to reduce the generation of NOx, First air and the high temperature for carrying coal dust are empty
The excess air coefficient that gas Secondary Air is added together is maintained between 0.7-0.9, imperfect combustion to draw at branch in high temperature air
The horizontal segment of outlet pipe mixes further after-flame with the air entered by horizontal tangential air port.
Small cyclones melt coal-powder boiler high temperature air and coal dust is mixed and burned, and form slag tap, can reduce in flue gas
Fly ash content is good for the environment.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that a kind of small cyclones of the present invention melt coal-powder boiler;
Appended drawing reference: 1, blade type turbulent burner；2, swirl vane；3, whirlwind melts combustion chamber；4, left high temperature air
Entrance；5, right high temperature air entrance；6, slag notch；7, high-temperature flue gas fairlead；8, the tangential air intake vent of first level flue；9,
The tangential air intake vent of two horizontal flues；10, secondary furnace；11, exchange heat burner hearth
Specific embodiment:
Referring to Fig.1, for small cyclones melting coal-powder boiler mainly by blade type turbulent burner 1, whirlwind melt-combustion room 3 is high
Warm flue gas fairlead 7, secondary furnace 10, heat exchange burner hearth 11 form.It is connected at the top of blade type turbulent burner 1 and melt-combustion room 3,
3 top middle position of combustion chamber is connected with high-temperature flue gas fairlead 7 simultaneously, and 3 bottom of combustion chamber is slag notch 6, and high-temperature flue gas draws
Outlet pipe 7 enters secondary furnace 10 through one section of horizontal segment after the extraction of 3 top of combustion chamber, eventually enters into heat exchange burner hearth 11.Device operation
When, First air carries coal dust and enters melt-combustion room 3 through blade type turbulent burner 1, meanwhile, high temperature air (Secondary Air) is by firing
Two tangential high-temperature flue gas entries 4,5 for burning room upper end arrangement enter, and ignite coal dust, form high-temperature fusion burning.It is protected when operation
The excess air factor of First air and high temperature air (Secondary Air) altogether is demonstrate,proved within the scope of 0.7-0.9, reduces the generation of NOx.
Liquid lime-ash is flowed down along combustion chamber wall surface after burning, is discharged through slag notch 6, and the high-temperature flue gas for generation of burning is drawn by high-temperature flue gas
Pipe 7 introduces secondary furnace 10, and the abundant afterburnt of combustible in flue gas is eventually entered into heat exchange burner hearth 10 in secondary furnace 10 and is changed
Heat, therebetween, the tangential air intake vent 8,9 of 7 horizontal segment of high-temperature flue gas fairlead arrangement has appropriate flue gas and air mixture sprays into,
So that in high-temperature flue gas due to the combustion chamber excess air coefficient combustible uncombusted less than 1 in secondary furnace 10 into one
After-flame is walked, and finally fully enters heat exchange burner hearth 11 and exchanges heat.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of small cyclones melt coal-powder boiler, it is characterised in that:
By blade type turbulent burner (1), vortex melt-combustion room (3), high-temperature flue gas fairlead (7) and is changed secondary furnace (10)
Hot stove thorax (11) composition, is equipped with swirl vane (2) in lobular turbulent burner (1), and with vortex melt-combustion room
(3) top is connected, and First air carries Pulverized Coal and enters vortex melt-combustion room (3) through blade type turbulent burner (1)；It is vortexed
Melt-combustion room (3) top is cylinder, and lower part is taper, and vortex melt-combustion room (3) top the right and left is respectively arranged tangentially
Diagonally downward, and the high temperature air entrance of tilt adjustable section (4,5), vortex melt-combustion room (3) lower part are slag notch
(6)；High-temperature flue gas fairlead (7) is drawn by middle position at the top of vortex melt-combustion room (3), and there are two tangential for horizontal segment arrangement
Air intake vent (8,9), terminal level end are connected after centainly expanding angle with secondary furnace (10), and secondary furnace (10) top is heat exchange burner hearth
(11), heat exchange burner hearth (11) is disposed with enough heat-transfer surfaces to exchange with high-temperature flue gas progress heat.
2. small cyclones melt coal-powder boiler according to claim 1, in order to enhance coal dust in vortex melt-combustion room (3)
Mixing intensity and residence time, while escape amount of the fuel from high-temperature flue gas fairlead (7) is reduced, First air and coal dust are by leaf
Piece type turbulent burner (1) is fed.
3. small cyclones melt coal-powder boiler according to claim 1, high temperature air is cut by vortex melt-combustion room (3) top
Enter to high temperature air entrance (4,5) diagonally downward, coal dust and high temperature air are sufficiently mixed burning, and ignition temperature is higher than coal ash
Fusing point, strong vortex and high temperature considerably reduce fly ash content, and melting ash is flowed down along combustion chamber wall surface, by lower tapping hole (6)
Into water cooling slag bucket.
4. small cyclones melt coal-powder boiler according to claim 1, by blade type turbulent burner (1) and tangential high temperature air
Entrance (4,5) enters total excess air factor of combustion chamber between 0.7 ~ 0.9, and lower excess air factor reduces combustion
The formation of NOx during burning；Meanwhile two tangential air intake vents (8,9) of high-temperature flue gas fairlead horizontal segment are passed through flue gas and sky
The mixture of gas is adjusted the flue gas and air that are passed through between cigarette sky ratio 0-0.5 according to actual operating mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611121331.6A CN106642082B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | A kind of small cyclones melting coal-powder boiler |
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| CN201611121331.6A CN106642082B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | A kind of small cyclones melting coal-powder boiler |
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| CN106642082A CN106642082A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106642082B true CN106642082B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108592634A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-28 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of melting of solid sulfur ash cyclone furnace and fume afterheat generating integrated system and method |
| CN108931054A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-12-04 | 河南龙成煤高效技术应用有限公司 | A kind of hot-blast stove and the method for controlling its burning |
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| JP2014137148A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-07-28 | Miike Iron Works Co Ltd | Cyclone burner |
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| JPS56146902A (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1981-11-14 | Ube Ind Ltd | Air heating furnace |
| JPS6358006A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-03-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Cyclone type combustor |
| JPH062808A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-01-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Slag tap type coal combustion unit |
| CN101334162A (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2008-12-31 | 广东工业大学 | Station boiler anthracite powder combustion plant |
| CN101509659A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2009-08-19 | 深圳东方锅炉控制有限公司 | Pulverized coal burner |
| CN101900322A (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-12-01 | 广东迪奥技术工程有限公司 | Dual-cylinder dual-return stroke staged combustion device |
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| JP2014137148A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-07-28 | Miike Iron Works Co Ltd | Cyclone burner |
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| CN106642082A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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