CN201680364U - Efficient low NOx pulverized coal burner for small and medium-sized industrial boilers - Google Patents
Efficient low NOx pulverized coal burner for small and medium-sized industrial boilers Download PDFInfo
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- CN201680364U CN201680364U CN2010201525786U CN201020152578U CN201680364U CN 201680364 U CN201680364 U CN 201680364U CN 2010201525786 U CN2010201525786 U CN 2010201525786U CN 201020152578 U CN201020152578 U CN 201020152578U CN 201680364 U CN201680364 U CN 201680364U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an efficient low NOx pulverized coal burner, and belongs to the field of pulverized coal combustion technology. The pulverized coal burner mainly comprises a primary wind pipe, a secondary wind room, a third wind room, a bluff body and a precombustion chamber, The direct pulverized coal airflow from the primary wind pipe diffuses outwards under the action of the bluff body, is ejected through the jet of a burner after the precombustion in the precombustion chamber and encounters the secondary swirling wind and third swirling wind stepwise and is mixed with the secondary swirling wind and third swirling wind. The secondary wind adopts a strong swirling mode, so as to form a proper high-temperature flue gas swirling zone at the front end of the burner and stabilize the pulverized coal flame; and the third wind adopts a proper swirling strength and flow velocity, so as to control the mixture time of the third wind and the central flue gas flow and the length of the pulverized coal flame. The utility model has the characteristics of grading air supply, stable combustion, low NOx and high efficiency, and is suitable for the considerable variation of the load and various coal, and coal-fired industrial kilns and environment-friendly efficient pulverized coal industrial boilers.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to coal powder burning technology field, is specifically related to a kind of efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of novel middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler with bluff body and precombustion chamber.
Background technology
Coal has resource and price advantage widely in China.Pulverized coal combustion is progressively ripe, and the at home and abroad good effect and the advantage of burning and environment protection control aspect thereof on the station boiler are for the application of coal dust on Industrial Stoves and middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler provides broad space.The coal dust firing efficient of Industrial Stoves coal burner, environment protecting etc. have bigger limitation; And be used for the coal burner of station boiler, and need bigger space, can't adapt to the burner hearth situation of medium small boiler; Again because the rise of oil price and the restriction of gas supply condition, be that the general operating cost of boiler of fuel is higher with fuel oil and combustion gas, be irrational economically, and be subjected to the restriction of region.Thereby the development coal burner that 26S Proteasome Structure and Function is reasonable, environment protecting is good also demonstrates its necessity and urgency day by day.
The utility model content
The utility model is in order to address the above problem, design the igniting fast of a kind of coal gas, high burning efficiency, low NOx generating capacity, simple in structure, control is convenient, satisfy general industry kiln and the practical powdered coal burner that requires of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler.The powdered coal burner that the utility model provides can be installed many this kind burners on same boiler, to satisfy the requirement of large-sized boiler.
The efficient coal burner of low pollution provided by the invention mainly is made up of airduct, secondary air chamber, tertiary chamber, bluff body, tertiary air swirl vane, secondary wind swirl vane, precombustion chamber, tertiary air adjustable plate, secondary wind adjustable plate and a gas igniter sleeve pipe.A described airduct front end connects the arrival end of precombustion chamber, described precombustion chamber inwall is provided with bluff body, described gas igniter sleeve pipe is communicated with precombustion chamber, the external space in described precombustion chamber is with secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber successively, arrival end at secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber is respectively arranged with secondary wind adjustable plate and tertiary air adjustable plate, described secondary wind adjustable plate and tertiary air adjustable plate can rotate around the fixed axis in being fixed on secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber, between described precombustion chamber and secondary air chamber outer tube, form secondary air channel, form the tertiary air passage between secondary air chamber outer tube and the tertiary chamber, in described secondary air channel and tertiary air passage, be respectively arranged with axial secondary wind swirl vane, the tertiary air swirl vane.
Airduct, bluff body and a secondary air chamber, tertiary chamber coaxial arrangement.The coal dust that normal temperature or preheated air transport sprays via an airduct, under the effect of bluff body, forms the smoke backflow zone of certain volume in the bluff body lee face in precombustion chamber; And,, forming the circulating reflux district of small particle diameter coal dust because of the effect of entrainmenting of jet at the outward flange of precombustion chamber intramedullary expansion breeze airflow, this recirculating zone helps coal gas ignition rifle firing coal-dust; After withdrawing from the coal gas ignition rifle, owing to the existence of bluff body lee face recirculating zone and the heating of precombustion chamber outer wall, can realize advanced ignition, the pre-burning of coal dust, and the smooth combustion of coal dust is played a role effect is preferably also arranged for some difficult coal-fired powder.
Through precombustion-chamber ignition and to a certain degree the coal dust flue gas stream of pre-burning and meet and mixed combustion by precombustion chamber outlet ejection with secondary wind facies with strong swirl strength; Because the strong cyclonic action of secondary wind, form the high temperature gases recirculating district, center of larger volume at flame kernel, strengthen the stablizing effect of pulverized coal flame, again because wind and secondary wind only account for 35～55% of total blast volume, can effectively reduce the maximum temperature of pulverized coal flame and guarantee to burn and under anaerobic condition, to carry out, can effectively control the growing amount of NOx, and the NOx that has generated partly is reduced, realize respond well low NOx combustion effect.
The not enough oxygen of burning is provided by tertiary air, tertiary air adopts the lower eddy flow angle of relative secondary wind, with the hybrid position and the opportunity of control tertiary air and center flue gas stream, guaranteeing on the clean-burning basis of coal dust, can obtain to entrainment the high-temperature flue gas of the higher temperature of burner hearth depths again, further stablize pulverized coal flame, adapt to the demand of burning than the low heat value coal dust.The architectural feature of this burner is: airduct, secondary air channel and a tertiary-air pipe coaxial arrangement.The coal dust firing feature is: classification air feed, sectional combustion, bluff body, precombustion chamber and high temperature gases recirculating district cooperatively interact, and can guarantee the stability and high efficiency burning of coal dust, can effectively control the maximum temperature of combustion process again, reduce the generating capacity of NOx.
Advantage of the present utility model is:
1, swirling motion and fractional combustion make coal dust firing more abundant, and flame is more stable;
2, the existence of low oxygen area can effectively suppress the formation of NOx, and promotes the reduction of the NOx generated;
3, high-temperature flue gas is evenly distributed on the vertical cross-section in combustion chamber (as: boiler cavity), there is no furnace wall slagging scorification and high temperature corrosion phenomenon and takes place;
4, good coal adaptive capacity is arranged;
5, by the coupling adjustment of coal supply powder amount and secondary air flow, tertiary air quantity, can realize the stable operation under the underload;
6, control is simple, and operating cost is cheap.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the coal burner structural representation;
Fig. 2 is a coal burner Facad structure schematic diagram.
Among the figure:
An airduct 2-of 1-secondary air chamber 3-tertiary chamber 4-bluff body
The reducing of 5-tertiary air swirl vane 6-secondary wind swirl vane 7-precombustion chamber 8-secondary wind
9-tertiary air adjustable plate 10-secondary wind adjustable plate 11-gas igniter sleeve pipe
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The utility model provides a kind of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, described burner comprises airduct 1, secondary air chamber 2, tertiary chamber 3, bluff body 4, tertiary air swirl vane 5, secondary wind swirl vane 6, precombustion chamber 7, tertiary air adjustable plate 9, secondary wind adjustable plate 10, gas igniter sleeve pipe 11.Adopt coal gas or liquefied petroleum natural gas fired, burning torch stretches into precombustion chamber 7, firing coal-dust airflow by sleeve pipe 11.
Described airduct 1 front end connects the arrival end of precombustion chamber 7, is used for coal dust is blown into precombustion chamber 7 inside; The arrival end diameter of described precombustion chamber 7 equals the diameter of an airduct 1, and precombustion chamber 7 has expansion segment and straight length two parts between from the arrival end to the port of export, is connected smoothly between expansion segment and the straight length; Described precombustion chamber 7 inwalls are provided with bluff body 4, and bluff body 4 is a conical structure, and conical tip is positioned on airduct 1 spout front end face, pyramid type bluff body 4 and airduct 1 coaxial line, and circular cone bottom surface diameter is 1/2～1.0 times of airduct 1 internal diameter.Described gas igniter sleeve pipe 11 is communicated with precombustion chamber 7, is used to light the coal dust in the precombustion chamber 7; The external space in described precombustion chamber 7 is with secondary air chamber 2 and tertiary chamber 3, entrance at secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber 3 is respectively arranged with secondary wind adjustable plate 10 and tertiary air adjustable plate 9, described secondary wind adjustable plate 10 and tertiary air adjustable plate 9 can rotate around the fixed axis in being fixed on secondary air chamber 2 and tertiary chamber 3, thereby regulate the air quantity that enters in secondary air chamber 2 and the tertiary chamber 3.Between described precombustion chamber 7 outer tubes and secondary air chamber 2 outer tubes, form secondary air channel, form the tertiary air passage between secondary air chamber 2 outer tubes and tertiary chamber 3 outer tubes, in described secondary air channel and tertiary air passage, be respectively arranged with axial secondary wind swirl vane 6, tertiary air swirl vane 5, secondary wind swirl vane 6, tertiary air swirl vane 5 can become the direct current wind in secondary air chamber 2 and the tertiary chamber 3 into eddy flow wind respectively, and eddy flow wind can entrainment the high-temperature gas in the burner hearth.A described airduct 1, secondary air chamber 2, tertiary chamber 3 and bluff body 4 are coaxially set.
The angle of flare of the expansion segment of described precombustion chamber 7 is 40 °～70 °, and flow development length is 150～250mm, and the straight length diameter is 3～3.5 times of airduct 1 internal diameter.
A described airduct 1 is a horizontal straight tube, and one time airduct 1 connects the coal dust carrier pipe, is connected with primary air fan or pressure air simultaneously.During work, blow off the combustion powder that accumulates in the burner hearth, after 5 minutes, open primary air fan or (during the working pressure air) and open the wind steam supply valve one time but at first open combustion fan; Light the coal gas ignition rifle then and, light the coal dust in the precombustion chamber 7 by in the gas igniter sleeve pipe 11 insertion precombustion chambers 7.Behind coal gas ignition rifle flame stabilization, the coal dust that normal temperature or wind of preheating are transported is via airduct 1 ejection, and coal dust is transported in the middle of the precombustion chamber 7, implements ignition operation.
The coal dust that airduct 1 provides is under the effect of bluff body 4, form the smoke backflow zone of certain volume in bluff body 4 lee faces, and at the outward flange of precombustion chamber 7 intramedullary expansion section breeze airflows, the effect of entrainmenting because of jet, form the circulating reflux district of small particle diameter coal dust, this recirculating zone helps coal gas ignition rifle firing coal-dust.Lighted and when the burner front end forms the retention flame, cut off the igniting combustion gas at coal dust, burnt by coal dust oneself fully.
Described combustion air is made up of three parts, and first is the wind that airduct 1 provides, and second portion is the secondary wind that secondary air chamber 2 provides, and third part is the tertiary air that tertiary chamber 3 provides.
In the process of coal combustion, can regulate the flow and the ratio of secondary wind and tertiary air, realize that coal dust fully burns and the control of useless flue gas oxygen gesture by the rotation of control secondary wind adjustable plate 10 and tertiary air adjustable plate 9; The secondary elegance is got strong cyclone mode, is beneficial to the burner front end and forms suitable high temperature gases recirculating zone, stablizes pulverized coal flame.Secondary wind reducing 8 is arranged on described secondary air chamber 2 at close precombustion chamber 7 ports of export, and as shown in Figure 1, the angle of secondary wind reducing 8 is that hypotenuse and horizontal sextant angle α are 15 °～20 °, and width h is 50～100mm.
During burner operation, the secondary air flow that secondary air chamber 2 provides be total blast volume 25～40% in adjustable, the tertiary air that tertiary chamber 3 provides adopts suitable swirl strength and flow velocity, with the length of mixing opportunity and control pulverized coal flame of control tertiary air with center flue gas stream, its eddy flow angle is 30 °～40 °, tertiary air quantity be total blast volume 45～60% in adjustable.It is that precombustion chamber 7 is supplied with coal dusts that airduct 1 provides a wind, primary air flow be total blast volume 10～15% in adjustable.Above-mentioned primary air flow, secondary air flow and tertiary air quantity regulate in corresponding scope, but total blast volume keep 100% according to the needs of different coals.
The utility model is owing to taked bluff body 4 surely to fire, precombustion chamber 7 coal dust precombustions, the hierarchical segmented supply of combustion air, secondary wind entrainments high-temperature flue gas, tertiary air is to the intervention and the improvement of uncombusted coal dust firing reacting dynamics condition in the coal powder second combustion zone, the control method of simple and flexible, thereby has a non-oil ignition, flameholding, low NOx, efficiently, suitable load changes significantly and coal is limited few characteristics, be widely used in general coal-fired industrial furnace and middle-size and small-size environment-friendly high-efficiency pulverized-coal fired boiler, the mode that simultaneously also can adopt many tablecloths to put satisfies the demand of large-sized boiler.
Claims (7)
1. efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler, it is characterized in that: described coal burner is mainly by an airduct, secondary air chamber, tertiary chamber, bluff body, the tertiary air swirl vane, secondary wind swirl vane, precombustion chamber, the tertiary air adjustable plate, secondary wind adjustable plate and gas igniter sleeve pipe are formed, a described airduct front end connects the arrival end of precombustion chamber, described precombustion chamber inwall is provided with bluff body, described gas igniter sleeve pipe is communicated with precombustion chamber, the external space in described precombustion chamber is with secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber successively, arrival end at secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber is respectively arranged with secondary wind adjustable plate and tertiary air adjustable plate, described secondary wind adjustable plate and tertiary air adjustable plate can rotate around the fixed axis in being fixed on secondary air chamber and tertiary chamber, between described precombustion chamber and secondary air chamber outer tube, form secondary air channel, form the tertiary air passage between secondary air chamber outer tube and the tertiary chamber, in described secondary air channel and tertiary air passage, be respectively arranged with axial secondary wind swirl vane, the tertiary air swirl vane.
2. the efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described airduct, secondary air chamber, tertiary chamber and a bluff body are coaxially set.
3. the efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bluff body is a conical structure, conical tip is positioned on airduct spout front end face, and circular cone bottom surface diameter is 1/2～1.0 times of an airduct internal diameter.
4. the efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the arrival end diameter of described precombustion chamber equals the diameter of an airduct, precombustion chamber has expansion segment and straight length two parts between from the arrival end to the port of export, is connected smoothly between expansion segment and the straight length; The angle of flare of precombustion chamber expansion segment is 40 °～70 °, and flow development length is 150～250mm, and diameter is 3～3.5 times of an airduct internal diameter.
5. the efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: near the precombustion chamber port of export reducing of secondary wind is set at described secondary air chamber, secondary air chamber reducing angle is that hypotenuse and horizontal sextant angle α are 15 °～20 °, and reducing width h is 50～100mm.
6. the efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of middle-size and small-size Industrial Boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the secondary wind eddy flow angle that described secondary air chamber produces is 30 °～40 °, and the eddy flow angle that tertiary chamber produces tertiary air is 30 °～40 °.
7. according to claim 1 or the efficient low-NOx pulverized coal burner of 6 described middle-size and small-size Industrial Boilers, it is characterized in that: the primary air flow of airduct needs is 10～15% of a total blast volume; The secondary air flow that secondary air chamber needs is 25～40% of a total blast volume; It is 45～60% of total blast volume that tertiary chamber needs tertiary air quantity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010201525786U CN201680364U (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2010-04-06 | Efficient low NOx pulverized coal burner for small and medium-sized industrial boilers |
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| CN2010201525786U CN201680364U (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2010-04-06 | Efficient low NOx pulverized coal burner for small and medium-sized industrial boilers |
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| CN102102872A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-06-22 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Lignite rotational flow combustor |
| CN102705823A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-10-03 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Pulverized coal burner |
| CN103307595A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-09-18 | 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 | Device and method for expanding types of coal suitable for small and medium-sized industrial pulverized coal boilers |
| CN103353112A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-10-16 | 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 | Concentrated pulverized coal turbulent burner with bluff body stable burning device |
| CN104819463A (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-08-05 | 杨飞 | Pulverized coal burner |
| CN105114951A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-02 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Tail edge backflow dual-classification low-nitrogen-oxygen gas burner |
| CN106439801A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 煤科院节能技术有限公司 | Reversely-spraying bluff-body swirl pulverized coal burner |
| CN106969347A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-07-21 | 中煤科工清洁能源股份有限公司 | A kind of boiler with the fiery device of lock |
| CN107255272A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-17 | 中煤科工清洁能源股份有限公司 | A kind of coal burner |
| CN107339689A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-11-10 | 重庆富燃科技股份有限公司 | Combustion burner air surplus coefficient reduces the device and method of nitrogen oxides in a kind of regulation |
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| CN108266722A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-07-10 | 浙江百能科技有限公司 | The adjustable air flow structure and its method for organizing of a kind of low NOx cyclone combustion technology |
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| CN108361690A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-03 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of Anti-slagging type low-NOx combustor of the long-range burnout degree of band |
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| CN110360547A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-22 | 湖北赤焰热能工程有限公司 | A kind of low nitrogen coal burner |
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| CN110793060A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-14 | 燕山大学 | Controllable plasma igniter in atmospheric pressure environment |
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| CN102102872B (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2015-10-07 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Brown coal turbulent burner |
| CN102102872A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-06-22 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Lignite rotational flow combustor |
| CN102705823A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-10-03 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Pulverized coal burner |
| CN102705823B (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2015-07-15 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Pulverized coal burner |
| CN103353112A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-10-16 | 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 | Concentrated pulverized coal turbulent burner with bluff body stable burning device |
| CN103307595A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-09-18 | 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 | Device and method for expanding types of coal suitable for small and medium-sized industrial pulverized coal boilers |
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| CN105114951A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-02 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Tail edge backflow dual-classification low-nitrogen-oxygen gas burner |
| CN106439801A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 煤科院节能技术有限公司 | Reversely-spraying bluff-body swirl pulverized coal burner |
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| CN108266722A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-07-10 | 浙江百能科技有限公司 | The adjustable air flow structure and its method for organizing of a kind of low NOx cyclone combustion technology |
| CN108266722B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-07-07 | 浙江百能科技有限公司 | Adjustable airflow structure of low NOx cyclone combustion technology and supply method thereof |
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| CN108361692A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-08-03 | 徐州科能燃烧控制科技有限公司 | A kind of Industrial Boiler coal burner |
| CN108826285A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-16 | 山西瓦特网联环能科技有限公司 | Big adjust compares coal burner |
| CN108826285B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2023-11-03 | 山西瓦特网联环能科技有限公司 | Large regulating ratio coal powder burner |
| CN108488830A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-04 | 郑州大学 | The low nitrogen gas fired-boiler of air stage feeding |
| CN108954301A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-07 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A kind of spiral-flow type aggregate drying coal burner |
| CN110360547A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-22 | 湖北赤焰热能工程有限公司 | A kind of low nitrogen coal burner |
| CN110469846A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-19 | 中煤科工清洁能源股份有限公司 | A kind of cartridge type coal burner |
| CN110793060A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-14 | 燕山大学 | Controllable plasma igniter in atmospheric pressure environment |
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