CN205974391U - From oil shale pyrolysis of dust removal type and cracking system - Google Patents
From oil shale pyrolysis of dust removal type and cracking system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205974391U CN205974391U CN201620661491.9U CN201620661491U CN205974391U CN 205974391 U CN205974391 U CN 205974391U CN 201620661491 U CN201620661491 U CN 201620661491U CN 205974391 U CN205974391 U CN 205974391U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the oil shale pyrolysis, mainly an oil shale pyrolysis of the granule of dust removal type certainly and the cracking system based on the regenerative radiant tube heating. This system includes: the pyrolysis hopper, a feed arrangement, pyrolysis and cracking reactor include: feed inlet, pyrolysis chamber, splitting chamber and cracked gas outlet, and: regenerative radiant tube, thermal -insulated brick wall, communication member, grain bed dust collector, spray column and gas jar. The utility model discloses a this reaction system simple structure, and convenient for operation, and the temperature is uniformly distributed, heat effectually, be equipped with the grain bed dust remover in pyrolysis chamber oil gas exit, the oil gas that the pyrolysis chamber produced, after the grain bed removes dust, the reentrant splitting chamber of uncontaminated oil gas carries out deep cracking, the burnt oil molecules schizolysis of macromolecule is the gaseous hydrocarbons of micro molecule, generate a large amount of uncontaminated cracking gas products, rear end dust removal pressure has been reduced, the problem of pyrolysis oil dust -laden has been avoided, fossil fuel's clean high -efficient the utilization has really been realized.
Description
Technical field
This utility model is created and is belonged to oil shale pyrolysis technical field, mainly a kind of based on heat accumulation type radiant tube heating
From the pyrolysis of dedusting type Oil Shale Particles and cracking system, it is used for producing cleaning combustible gas.
Background technology
World's oil shale resources are enriched, and 37 national oil shale reserves summations of verifying are converted into shale oil about 4000 altogether
Many hundred million tons, verify crude oil reserve greatly more than the world, also big than world crude resources.The oil shale proved reserves of China are converted into page
Shale oil is hundred million tons about more than 400.Currently, for some countries such as China, the crude oil of production can not meet the demand of this country, and must
Substantial amounts of imported crude oil must be relied on.Carbonization furnace can be divided into massive shale gas retort（Oil shale granularity typically in 8mm or
More than 10mm）, granule and powder carbonization furnace.At present block carbonization furnace have the Fushun stove of China, the three of Shenmu County
Abel Kiviat (Kiviter) stove of Jiang Fanglu, Ai Shaniya, Petro Se Kesi (Petrosix) stove of Brazil.Oil Shale Particles
Gas retort has the Ge Luote of Ai Shaniya（Galoter）Stove and the ATP stove of Australia.The existing pyrolysis type of furnace is all to produce oil
Product are main purpose, but are mostly pyrolyzed the type of furnace, especially to process the type of furnace as raw material for the powdery oil shale, contain in pyrolysis oil
A large amount of dirt, cause pyrolysis oil to be difficult to effectively utilizes, the problems such as pyrolysis oil value is high.Therefore, how to design a kind of high-effective dust-removing,
System structure and technological process all simply systems become the problem of this area urgent need to resolve.
Utility model content
This utility model is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, designs and develop one kind from dedusting type oil shale pyrolysis and cracking
System, this response system can be pyrolyzed and be cracked two kinds of operations, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, and enters grain bed dedusting, passes through
After grain bed dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room and carries out deep pyrolytic, reduces rear end dedusting pressure, by macromole
Tar molecules are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, and this reactor can produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, thus avoiding production pyrolysis
The problem of oily dust-laden, the clean and effective being truly realized oil shale utilizes.This reactor employs heat accumulation type radiant tube heating skill
Art, without gas, solid heat carrier heating, simplifies system process while the thermal efficiency that improve reactor.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
In view of this, this utility model provides one kind from dedusting type oil shale pyrolysis and cracking system.According to this practicality
New embodiment, this system includes：Pyrolysis hopper；First feed arrangement, described first feed arrangement and described pyrolysis hopper
Connect；Pyrolysis and cracking reactor, including：Charging aperture, pyrolysis chamber, cracking room and cracking gas outlet, described charging aperture is arranged on
On the roof of described pyrolysis chamber, described cracking gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of described cracking room, and：Heat accumulation type radiant tube,
Described heat accumulation type radiant tube is indoor in described pyrolysis chamber and described cracking along the short transverse multi-tier arrangement of described pyrolysis reactor
Portion, every layer has the many described heat accumulation type radiant tubes arranged in the horizontal direction；Heat-insulated brick wall, described heat-insulated brick wall is arranged on instead
Answer at the 2/3 of device transverse width, vertically through in described reactor, the inner space of described reactor is separated into described
Pyrolysis chamber and described cracking room；Communication member, described communication member is on described heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at lower position
Opening, for described pyrolysis chamber is connected with described cracking room；Grain bed dust arrester, described grain bed dust arrester and institute
The described opening stating heat-insulated brick wall is fixedly connected, and described grain bed dust arrester is located at the side of described pyrolysis chamber along level side
To extending to, described pyrolysis is indoor, for the oil gas producing described pyrolysis chamber, by described grain bed dust arrester, is passed into
Described cracking room；Spray column, described spray column is connected with the outlet of described cracking gas；Fuel cartridge, described fuel cartridge and described spray
Tower connects.
Inventor finds, simple according to this response system structure of this utility model embodiment, easy to operate, Temperature Distribution
Uniformly, heats are good, can carry out two kinds of operations, unite two into one in a body of heater, save construction cost and floor space, it is anti-
Answer device to be divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, be provided with grain bed cleaner unit at pyrolysis chamber's oil gas vent, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, warp
After crossing grain bed dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room and carries out deep pyrolytic, and the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into little point
The gaseous hydrocarbons of son, generate substantial amounts of clean cracking gas product, reduce rear end dedusting pressure, it is to avoid pyrolysis oil dust-laden
Problem, the clean and effective being truly realized Fossil fuel utilizes.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described grain bed dust arrester is located at setting tool on the side of pyrolysis chamber side
There is the pore area in multiple holes, the bottom surface that described grain bed dust arrester is located at pyrolysis chamber side is provided with dust outlet, and described
Grain bed dust arrester be located at cracking room side side surface upper part be provided with for described dust arrester is carried out with blowback blow valve port,
Bottom is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described grain bed dust arrester is embedded in described opening.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the thickness of described heat-insulated brick wall is 50-150mm, and the height of described pore area is
150-1500mm, a diameter of 1-30mm in described hole；The top that described grain bed dust arrester is located at pyrolysis chamber side is inclined-plane
Design, the height of described grain bed dust arrester is 200-2000mm, and width is 100-500mm, described grain bed dust arrester
Built with the high filter medium of 1mm-20mm；Preferably, described filter medium is perlite, sandstone or spherical ceramic particles.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, this system may further include：Gasification furnace, described gasification furnace one end and institute
The fuel gas inlet stating heat accumulation type radiant tube is connected, and the other end is connected with described semicoke conveyer device.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, this system can also include：Loading hopper；Second feed arrangement, its with described
Loading hopper is connected；Drying device, it is connected with the exhanst gas outlet on described second feed arrangement and described heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively
Connect；Gas-solid separating device, it is connected with described drying device and described pyrolysis hopper respectively；Exhaust gas cleaner, itself and institute
State gas-solid separating device to be connected.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described pyrolysis hopper is by described first feed arrangement and described charging aperture phase
Even；Further comprise semicoke outlet, it is arranged on the bottom of described pyrolysis chamber, described semicoke outlet and described semicoke conveying dress
Put connection.
In other side of the present utility model, this utility model provides one kind and carries out heat using foregoing system
Solution and the method for cracking.According to embodiment of the present utility model, the method comprises the following steps：A. Oil Shale Particles are passed through institute
State the first feed arrangement and described charging aperture is added in described reactor, in the described pyrolysis chamber of described reactor, complete heat
Solution preocess；B. the oil gas being pyrolyzed generation was carried out by the described grain bed dust arrester of setting on the heat-insulated brick wall of described reactor
After filtering dust collecting, clean oil gas enters into described cracking interior, completes cracking process, produces cracking gas；C. described cracking gas leads to
Cross described cracking gas outlet to enter in described spray column, purified treatment is carried out to described cracking gas；D. only split through purify
Vent one's spleen to enter in described fuel cartridge and store.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, in described step a, described Oil Shale Particles are from the institute on described reactor top
State charging aperture to be added in described reactor, and broken up by the described heat accumulation type radiant tube in described reactor, pyrolysis char from
The semicoke outlet of described reactor bottom is discharged；In described step a, described Oil Shale Particles are by described reactor pyrolysis chamber
Described heat accumulation type radiant tube is heated to 500-600 DEG C, and in described step b, described pyrolysis oil gas is by described reactor cracking room
Described heat accumulation type radiant tube be heated to 650-900 DEG C.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the granularity of described Oil Shale Particles is below 20mm.
This utility model at least has the advantages that：
1）Take heat accumulation type radiant tube moving bed process heating 20mm particles below and powder oil shale, Temperature Distribution is equal
Even, heats are good, and response system structure is simple, easy to operate；
2）Reactor is divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, and can carry out deep pyrolytic in cracking room, greatly
The tar molecules of molecule are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule；
3）This response system can produce substantial amounts of cracking gas product, it is to avoid the problem of pyrolysis oil dust-laden, is truly realized
The clean and effective of Fossil fuel utilizes；
4）It is provided with grain bed cleaner unit at pyrolysis chamber's oil gas vent, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, after grain bed dedusting,
Clean oil gas enters back into cracking room and carries out deep pyrolytic, reduces rear end dedusting pressure, generates clean cracking gas；
5）Two kinds of operations can be carried out in one body of heater, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of this utility model pyrolysis and cracking system.
Fig. 2 is the structure of reactor figure of this utility model pyrolysis and cracking system.
Fig. 3 is the front view of the heat-insulated brick wall being provided with grain bed dust arrester in this utility model.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of the grain bed dust arrester in this utility model reactor.
Wherein, 1, loading hopper；2nd, pneumatic conveyer dryer；3rd, thermal storage type moving bed reactor；4th, cyclone separator is dried；5th, heat
Solution hopper；6th, tail gas air-introduced machine；7th, exhaust gas cleaner；8th, chimney；9th, feeding screw；10th, spray column；11st, combustion gas air inducing
Machine；12nd, fuel cartridge；13rd, gasification furnace；14th, conveying worm；15th, heat accumulation type radiant tube；16th, heat-insulated brick wall；17th, communication member；
18th, pyrolysis chamber；19th, cracking room；20th, cracking gas outlet；21st, charging aperture；22nd, fuel gas inlet；23rd, exhanst gas outlet；24th, air enters
Mouthful；25th, semicoke outlet；26th, grain bed dust arrester；2601st, pore area；2602nd, dust outlet；2603rd, blow valve port；2604、
Pyrolysis gas outlet.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical solution of the utility model, with reference to specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, is only used for explaining that this practicality is new
Type, and it is not intended that to restriction of the present utility model.Unreceipted particular technique or condition in embodiment, according in the art
The technology described by document or condition or carry out according to product description.
This utility model provides one kind from dedusting type oil shale pyrolysis and cracking system.According to enforcement of the present utility model
Example, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, this system includes：Pyrolysis hopper 5；First feed arrangement 9, described first feed arrangement and described pyrolysis
Hopper connects；Pyrolysis and cracking reactor 3, including：Charging aperture 21, pyrolysis chamber 18, cracking room 19, cracking gas outlet 20, accumulation of heat
Formula radial canal 15, heat-insulated brick wall 16, communication member 17 and grain bed dust arrester 26, wherein, described charging aperture is arranged on described
On the roof of pyrolysis chamber, the outlet of described cracking gas is arranged on the side wall of described cracking room, described heat-insulated brick wall vertically through
In described reactor, the inner space of described reactor is separated into described pyrolysis chamber and described cracking room, described connection structure
Part is on described heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position, for connecting described pyrolysis chamber and described cracking room
Logical；Described grain bed dust arrester is fixedly connected with the described opening of described heat-insulated brick wall, and described grain bed dust arrester position
Extend horizontally and to described pyrolysis interior in the side of described pyrolysis chamber, for the oil gas producing described pyrolysis chamber, lead to
Cross described grain bed dust arrester, be passed into described cracking room；Spray column 10, described spray column is with described cracking gas outlet even
Connect；Fuel cartridge 12, described fuel cartridge is connected with described spray column.
Inventor finds, simple according to this response system structure of this utility model embodiment, easy to operate, Temperature Distribution
Uniformly, heats are good, can carry out two kinds of operations, unite two into one in a body of heater, save construction cost and floor space, it is anti-
Answer device to be divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, be provided with grain bed cleaner unit at pyrolysis chamber's oil gas vent, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, warp
After crossing grain bed dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room and carries out deep pyrolytic, and the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into little point
The gaseous hydrocarbons of son, generate substantial amounts of clean cracking gas product, reduce rear end dedusting pressure, it is to avoid pyrolysis oil dust-laden
Problem, the clean and effective being truly realized Fossil fuel utilizes.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model it is adaptable to the particle diameter of the oil shale of this reactor is not particularly limited,
In some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the oil shale that this reactor adopts is particle diameter 20mm particles below and powdery
Fossil fuel, thus, it is possible to make full use of granule wax shale, resource utilization is high, and can solve the problem that bulk deposition pollution ring
The problem in border.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model it is adaptable to the type of furnace of this system is not particularly limited, it can be accumulation of heat
Formula moving bed 3 can also be other types, such as non-heat accumulating type or non-moving type etc., as long as can dividing by heat-insulated brick wall integration
It is segmented into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, with reference to shown in Fig. 2, inside reactor has along described pyrolysis reactor
Heat accumulation type radiant tube within described pyrolysis chamber and described cracking room for the short transverse multi-tier arrangement, every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube tool
There are many heat accumulation type radiant tubes, and horizontally spaced arrangement.According to embodiment of the present utility model, described pyrolysis chamber and splitting
Solution interior distributed at least one described heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively it is preferred that described at least one heat accumulation type radiant tube is uniform
Distribution.Heat accumulation type radiant tube can be heated effective for the oil gas indoor to pyrolysis material and cracking so as to carried out pyrolysis and
Cracking reaction, specifically, can be passed through combustible gas and air into heat accumulation type radiant tube, so that combustible gas is burnt and realize to pyrolysis material
Heating function.This reactor employs heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique without gas, solid heat carrier heating, and Temperature Distribution is equal
Even, heats are good, and response system structure is simple, easy to operate, simplifies system while the thermal efficiency that improve reactor
Technique.
In the reactor, oil shale moves from top to bottom, the unidirectional heat accumulating type radiation being evenly arranged of setting in pyrolysis chamber
Oil shale can be broken up by pipe makes it be uniformly distributed, and oil shale stops 1-50 minute in the reactor from top to bottom, and is heated to
500-600 DEG C, tube wall temperature is controlled in 500～700 DEG C of scopes using gas control valve, completes pyrolytic process, and pyrolysis produces
Oil gas, enters described grain bed dust arrester, and after dust removal by filtration, clean oil gas enters into cracking room, in cracking room to oil gas
It is provided with the unidirectional heat accumulation type radiant tube being evenly arranged, and is heated to 650-900 DEG C, tube wall temperature utilizes gas control valve to control
In 650～900 DEG C of scopes, complete cracking process, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, produce a large amount of
Cracking gas, it is to avoid the problem of pyrolysis oil dust-laden, the clean and effective being truly realized oil shale utilizes.According to this utility model
Embodiment, the shape of heat accumulation type radiant tube is not particularly limited, and in some embodiments of the present utility model, can be cylinder
Shape, is thus conducive to breaing up of oil shale, realizes mixing oil shale in the reactor dispersed.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, Fig. 3 is to install this utility model when in terms of the from left to right of reactor
There is the front view of the heat-insulated brick wall of grain bed dust arrester, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, heat-insulated brick wall is arranged in reactor, preferably
, at the 2/3 of reactor transverse width, the thickness of heat-insulated brick wall is 50-150mm, and heat-insulated brick wall is vertically through in anti-
Answer in device, the inner space of reactor is separated into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, this structure makes to be provided with heat in a body of heater
Solution room and cracking room, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, the oil gas that pyrolysis produces passes through the institute of setting on the heat-insulated brick wall of described reactor
State after grain bed dust arrester carries out dust removal by filtration, it is indoor that clean oil gas enters into described cracking, completes cracking process, will be big
The tar molecules of molecule are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, thus avoid production pyrolysis oil containing
The problem of dirt.And, two kinds of operations can be carried out in a body of heater, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete species of communication member is not particularly limited, as long as can be by
Pyrolysis chamber connects with cracking room, thus the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber is produced is passed into cracking room.More of the present utility model
In embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2 communication member is on described heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete mounting means of described grain bed dust arrester is unrestricted, can
Think welding, rivet or inlay, according to some embodiments of the present utility model, Fig. 4 is grain bed dedusting dress of the present utility model
The structure chart put, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, particle dust-collecting equipment is embedded in described by this utility model using mosaic mode
In opening, grain bed dust arrester is located at the pore area 2601 that setting on the side of pyrolysis chamber side has multiple holes, described granule
The bottom surface that bed dust arrester is located at pyrolysis chamber side is provided with dust outlet 2602, and described grain bed dust arrester is located at and splits
The side surface upper part of solution room side is provided with for described dust arrester is carried out with the blow valve port 2603 of blowback, bottom is provided with pyrolysis gas row
Outlet 2604.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the height of described pore area is 150-1500mm,
A diameter of 1-30mm in described hole；The top that described grain bed dust arrester is located at pyrolysis chamber side is inclined design, described
The height of grain bed dust arrester is 200-2000mm, and width is 100-500mm, and described grain bed dust arrester is built with 1mm-
The high filter medium of 20mm；According to some embodiments of the present utility model, it is perlite, sand that this utility model adopts filter medium
Stone or spherical ceramic particles.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, this system may further include：Respectively with heat accumulation type radiant tube
The gasification furnace that fuel gas inlet is connected with semicoke conveyer device.Thus, it is possible to pyrolysis in pyrolysis chamber be produced using semicoke conveyer device
Raw semicoke is delivered in gasification furnace, carries out gasification process to semicoke, to obtain combustible gas and lime-ash, the combustible gas obtaining is permissible
It is passed through in heat accumulation type radiant tube, is passed through air in heat accumulation type radiant tube simultaneously, so that combustible gas is burnt to the material in pyrolysis chamber
Heated.Thus, it is possible to sufficiently be utilized to semicoke, do not cause to waste, good economy performance.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described reactor is provided with fuel gas inlet 22, air intake 24 and cigarette
Gas outlet 23, wherein, fuel gas inlet and exhanst gas outlet are connected with heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, are respectively used to be passed through combustible gas and row
Go out flue gas, air intake is connected with source of the gas and heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, the air for producing source of the gas is passed through heat accumulating type spoke
Penetrate in pipe.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, this system may further include：Loading hopper 1；It is connected with loading hopper
The second feed arrangement 9；It is connected with the exhanst gas outlet 23 on described second feed arrangement and described heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively
Drying device 2；The gas-solid separating device 4 being connected with described drying device and described pyrolysis hopper respectively；Divide with described gas-solid
The exhaust gas cleaner 7 being connected from device.Thus, it is possible to the oil shale in loading hopper be added by the second feed arrangement dry
In dry device, in drying device, oil shale the heat accumulation type radiant tube in pyrolysis chamber flue gas (temperature be about 200～
250 degrees Celsius) in the presence of be dried, then dried oil shale and flue gas mixture enter gas-solid separating device,
Separate the flue gas (temperature is about 70～110 degrees Celsius) obtaining and enter in exhaust gas cleaner and carry out purified treatment, to realize reaching
Mark discharge, separates the pyrolysis material obtaining and is delivered in pyrolysis hopper, be used for carrying out pyrolytic reaction.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the concrete species of the second pay-off is not particularly limited, as long as being applied to
Oil shale in loading hopper is delivered in drying device.In some embodiments of the present utility model, the second feeding dress
Putting can be feeding screw 9.Thereby, it is possible to realize the Automatic Conveying to oil shale, and conveying capacity is controlled, device structure letter
Single, easy to operate.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the concrete species of drying device is not particularly limited, if be capable of right
The drying of oil shale and the function of preheating.In some embodiments of the present utility model, drying device can be done for air-flow
Dry device 2, thus, oil shale is dried in the presence of flue gas and is lifted, the mixture row of dried oil shale and flue gas
Go out pneumatic conveyer dryer 2, be conducive to subsequent step to carry out.In drying device, while pyrolysis material is dried, also realize
The function of preheating, is conducive to improving and adopts in the speed of follow-up pyrolytic reaction and efficiency, and pyrolysis chamber heat accumulation type radiant tube to arrange
The flue gas going out is dried to oil shale and preheats the comprehensive utilization it is achieved that heat energy, effectively reduces energy consumption, has reached energy-conservation
The purpose of environmental protection.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the concrete species of gas-solid separating device is not particularly limited, as long as can be by
Oil shale separates with flue gas.In some embodiments of the present utility model, gas-solid separating device can divide for whirlwind is dried
From device 4, thus, it is possible to quickly and efficiently pyrolysis material and flue gas be carried out separating, and good separating effect, simple to operation, become
This is relatively low.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, can also set further between gas-solid separating device and exhaust gas cleaner
It is equipped with tail gas air-introduced machine 6, tail gas air-introduced machine can quickly and efficiently be delivered to separating the flue gas obtaining in gas-solid separating device
In exhaust gas cleaner, be conducive to improving work efficiency.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, this pyrolysis plant is also provided with the chimney being connected with exhaust gas cleaner
8, the flue gas after exhaust gas cleaner purified treatment empties through chimney, thus, is conducive to environmental protection, reduces pollution.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, this system can also include：Also may be used between spray column 10 and fuel cartridge 12
To be further provided with combustion gas air-introduced machine 11, combustion gas air-introduced machine quickly and efficiently can will pass through what purification obtained in spray column
Natural gas transportation is stored to fuel cartridge, and further, the cracking gas obtaining can be further used for preparing LNG or LNP.
Inventor finds, can significantly improve the yield of cracking gas using this system, have enough gas to be used for producing liquefied natural gas
(LNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), good in economic efficiency.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described pyrolysis hopper is connected with charging aperture by the first feed arrangement；
Further comprise semicoke outlet, it is arranged on the bottom of described pyrolysis chamber, described semicoke outlet and described semicoke conveyer device
Connect.The concrete species of the first feed arrangement is not particularly limited, as long as can be effectively defeated by the oil shale in pyrolysis hopper
Deliver in reactor.In some embodiments of the present utility model, the first feed arrangement can be with feeding screw.Thus,
It is capable of the Automatic Conveying to oil shale, conveying capacity is controlled, and device structure is simple, easy to operate.Semicoke conveyer device
Concrete species be not particularly limited, including but not limited to star or conveying worm, under preferable case, semicoke conveyer is permissible
For conveying worm 14, thereby, it is possible to realize the Automatic Conveying to semicoke, and conveying capacity is controlled, and device structure is simple, operation
Convenient.
In other side of the present utility model, this utility model provides one kind and carries out heat using foregoing system
Solution and the method for cracking.According to embodiment of the present utility model, the method may comprise steps of：
A. Oil Shale Particles are passed through described first feed arrangement and be arranged on the charging aperture on the roof of described pyrolysis chamber
It is added in described reactor, the described pyrolysis chamber of described reactor completes pyrolytic process, pyrolysis char is from reactor bottom
The semicoke outlet in portion is discharged, and discharges through semicoke conveyer device.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model it is adaptable to the particle diameter of the oil shale of this reactor is not particularly limited,
In some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the oil shale that this reactor adopts is particle diameter 20mm particles below and powdery
Fossil fuel, thus, it is possible to make full use of granule wax shale, resource utilization is high, and can solve the problem that bulk deposition pollution ring
The problem in border.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete species of the first feed arrangement is not particularly limited, as long as can
So that the oil shale in pyrolysis hopper to be effectively delivered in reactor.In some embodiments of the present utility model, the
One feed arrangement can be with feeding screw.Thereby, it is possible to realize the Automatic Conveying to oil shale, conveying capacity is controlled, and equipment
Structure is simple, easy to operate.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described pyrolysis interior distributed at least one described heat accumulating type radiation
, it is preferred that described at least one heat accumulation type radiant tube is uniformly distributed, specifically, unidirectional heat accumulation type radiant tube can be by oily page for pipe
Rock is broken up makes it be uniformly distributed, and oil shale stops 1-50 minute in the reactor from top to bottom, and is heated to 500-600 DEG C, pipe
Wall temperature is controlled in 500～700 DEG C of scopes using gas control valve, completes pyrolytic process.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, before oil shale is added pyrolysis hopper, can also be in advance to oil shale
It is dried process, it is for instance possible to use the flue gas that heat accumulation type radiant tube is discharged is dried to oil shale and the pre-heat treatment, by
This, can remove the moisture in oil shale, is conducive to improving pyrolysis efficiency.According to embodiment of the present utility model, this pyrolysis side
Method can also include the step carrying out purified treatment to dried flue gas, so that tail gas qualified discharge, reduces environmental pollution.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the concrete species of semicoke conveyer device is not particularly limited, including but do not limit
In star or conveying worm, under preferable case, semicoke conveyer can be conveying worm.Thereby, it is possible to realize to semicoke
Automatic Conveying, and conveying capacity is controlled, and device structure is simple, easy to operate.
B. the oil gas being pyrolyzed generation is carried out by the described grain bed dust arrester of setting on the heat-insulated brick wall of described reactor
After dust removal by filtration, clean oil gas enters into described cracking interior, completes cracking process, produces cracking gas.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, heat-insulated brick wall is arranged in reactor it is preferred that being located at reactor horizontal stroke
To at the 2/3 of width, the thickness of heat-insulated brick wall is 50-150mm, heat-insulated brick wall vertically through in reactor, by reactor
Inner space be separated into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, this structure makes to be provided with pyrolysis chamber and cracking room in a body of heater, heat
The oil gas that solution room produces, the oil gas that pyrolysis produces passes through the described grain bed dust arrester of setting on the heat-insulated brick wall of described reactor
After carrying out dust removal by filtration, clean oil gas enters into described cracking interior, completes cracking process, the tar molecules of macromole are split
Solve the gaseous hydrocarbons for small molecule, produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, thus avoiding the problem producing pyrolysis oil dust-laden.And, one
Two kinds of operations can be carried out in individual body of heater, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete mounting means of described grain bed dust arrester is unrestricted, can
Think welding, rivet or inlay, according to some embodiments of the present utility model, granule is removed using mosaic mode by this utility model
Dirt device is embedded in described opening, and grain bed dust arrester is located at the hole that setting on the side of pyrolysis chamber side has multiple holes
Band, the bottom surface that described grain bed dust arrester is located at pyrolysis chamber side is provided with dust outlet, and described grain bed dedusting dress
Setting in cracking room side side surface upper part be provided with for the blow valve port of blowback is carried out to described dust arrester, bottom is provided with pyrolysis
Gas outlet.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described cracking interior distributed at least one described heat accumulating type radiation
Pipe, it is preferred that described at least one heat accumulation type radiant tube is uniformly distributed, specifically, and is heated to 650-900 DEG C, tube wall temperature
Controlled in 650～900 DEG C of scopes using gas control valve, complete thermal cracking processes, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into little point
The gaseous hydrocarbons of son, produces substantial amounts of cracking gas, it is to avoid the problem of pyrolysis oil dust-laden, and the cleaning being truly realized oil shale is high
Effect utilizes.
C. described cracking gas is entered in described spray column by described cracking gas outlet, and described cracking gas is purified
Process.
D. the net cracking gas through purifying enters in described fuel cartridge and stores.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, this system can also include：Can also enter between spray column and fuel cartridge
One step is provided with combustion gas air-introduced machine 11, the sky that combustion gas air-introduced machine 11 can quickly and efficiently will obtain through purification in spray column
So gas is delivered in fuel cartridge and is stored, and further, the cracking gas obtaining can be further used for preparing LNG or LNP.Send out
A person of good sense finds, can significantly improve the yield of cracking gas using this system, have enough gas to be used for producing liquefied natural gas
(LNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), good in economic efficiency.
Inventor finds, simple according to this response system structure of this utility model embodiment, easy to operate, Temperature Distribution
Uniformly, heats are good, can process 20mm particles below oil shale, and shale utilization rate is high, are suitable to promote, in a body of heater
Two kinds of operations can be carried out, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space, its reactor is divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room,
It is provided with grain bed cleaner unit at pyrolysis chamber's oil gas vent, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, after grain bed dedusting, the oil gas of cleaning
Enter back into cracking room and carry out deep pyrolytic, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, generate substantial amounts of clean
Net cracking gas product, reduce rear end dedusting pressure, it is to avoid the problem of pyrolysis oil dust-laden, is truly realized Fossil fuel
Clean and effective utilizes.
Below the specific work process from dedusting type oil shale pyrolysis and cracking system and method for the present utility model is entered
Row describes in detail, specific as follows：
First, the raw shale oil of granularity≤20mm is added in loading hopper 1, will be stored in using the second feed arrangement and add
Raw shale oil in hopper 1 adds in pneumatic conveyer dryer 2,200～250 degrees Celsius simultaneously discharging in heat accumulation type radiant tube 15
Flue gas be passed through in pneumatic conveyer dryer 2, raw shale oil is dried in the presence of flue gas and is lifted, then flue gas and raw material
The mixture of oil shale discharges pneumatic conveyer dryer, enters in gas-solid separating device, separate obtain flue gas (temperature is about 70～
110 degrees Celsius) discharge gas-solid separating device 4, and enter exhaust gas cleaner 7 in the presence of tail gas air-introduced machine 6, carry out net
Change is processed, and purifies the flue gas meeting discharge standard obtaining and empties through chimney 8, separates the raw oil obtaining in gas-solid separating device
Shale discharges gas-solid separating device, and enters in pyrolysis hopper, then will be stored in pyrolysis material using the first pay-off 9
Raw shale oil adds in pyrolysis reactor, moves from top to bottom, stops about 1～50 minute, in the heat accumulating type spoke being uniformly arranged
Penetrate pipe (tube wall temperature be about 500～700 degrees Celsius) break up with heat effect under, oil shale thermally equivalent is warming up to 500～
600 degrees Celsius, complete pyrolytic reaction, obtain being pyrolyzed oil gas and semicoke, the pyrolysis oil gas obtaining passes through described reactor insulating brick
On wall, the described grain bed dust arrester 26 of setting carries out dust removal by filtration, by blow valve port 2603, described dust arrester is entered simultaneously
Row blowback, the dust of generation is discharged into described semicoke conveyer device 14 by dust outlet 2602, and clean oil gas passes through
Pyrolysis gas outlet 2604 enters into described cracking interior, carries out deep pyrolytic, and semicoke or other solid impurities are defeated by semicoke
Send device to be delivered in gasification furnace and carry out gasification process, obtain combustible gas and be passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube in pyrolysis reactor
Oil shale heated, lime-ash that gasification process obtains discharges gasification furnace 13, cracks the cracked gas obtaining and lead in cracking room
Cross cracking gas outlet entrance spray column 10 to purify, purified gas enters fuel cartridge 12 and stored, and can be further used for
Preparation LNG or LPG.
Specific embodiment：
Using from dedusting type oil shale pyrolysis and cracking system, Longkou oil shale is processed, the basic data of raw material is shown in
Table 1.
Table 1：Longkou oil shale basic data
Using this reactor for treatment Longkou oil shale, the gas products yield obtaining is 15%, far above laboratory aluminum rice steamer heat
Factor of created gase obtained by solution, pyrolytic tar almost all is cracked into gaseous products, and factor of created gase is high.Cracking gas calorific value is up to
5000kcal/m3, quality height, in the cracking gas of this system output, dust content is less than 1%, and gas more cleans.
It is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose in description of the present utility model, and
It is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define
The feature of " first ", " second " can be expressed or implicitly include one or more this feature.
In this utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " Gu
Fixed " etc. term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integral；Can be
It is mechanically connected or electrically connect；Can be to be joined directly together it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two
The connection of element internal or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can basis
Concrete condition understands concrete meaning in this utility model for the above-mentioned term.
In this utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score
Can be the first and second feature directly contacts, or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.And, first is special
Levy second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only
Represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " permissible
Be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or be merely representative of fisrt feature level height and be less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy describing with reference to this embodiment or example
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, the schematic table to above-mentioned term
State that be not necessarily referring to is identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be
Combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or example.Additionally, in the case of not conflicting, this area
The feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be carried out by technical staff
In conjunction with and combination.
Although of the present utility model embodiment has been shown and described above it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is
Exemplary it is impossible to be interpreted as that those of ordinary skill in the art is in scope of the present utility model to restriction of the present utility model
Interior above-described embodiment can be changed, change, replacing and modification, simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the application, all will change in specific embodiments and applications.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is from dedusting type oil shale pyrolysis and cracking system it is characterised in that including：
Pyrolysis hopper；
First feed arrangement, described first feed arrangement is connected with described pyrolysis hopper；
Pyrolysis and cracking reactor, including：Charging aperture, pyrolysis chamber, cracking room and cracking gas outlet, described charging aperture is arranged on
On the roof of described pyrolysis chamber, described cracking gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of described cracking room；And：
Heat accumulation type radiant tube, described heat accumulation type radiant tube along described pyrolysis reactor short transverse multi-tier arrangement in described pyrolysis
Inside room and described cracking room, every layer has the many described heat accumulation type radiant tubes arranged in the horizontal direction；
Heat-insulated brick wall, described heat-insulated brick wall is arranged at the 2/3 of reactor transverse width, vertically through in described reactor
Interior, the inner space of described reactor is separated into described pyrolysis chamber and described cracking room；
Communication member, described communication member is on described heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position, for by institute
State pyrolysis chamber to connect with described cracking room；
Grain bed dust arrester, described grain bed dust arrester is fixedly connected with the described opening of described heat-insulated brick wall, and described
Grain bed dust arrester is located at the side of described pyrolysis chamber, and to extend horizontally and to described pyrolysis indoor, for by described pyrolysis
The oil gas that room produces, by described grain bed dust arrester, is passed into described cracking room；
Spray column, described spray column is connected with the outlet of described cracking gas；
Fuel cartridge, described fuel cartridge is connected with described spray column.
2. system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described grain bed dust arrester is located at the side of pyrolysis chamber side
On face, setting has the pore area in multiple holes, and the bottom surface that described grain bed dust arrester is located at pyrolysis chamber side is provided with dust discharge
Mouthful, and described grain bed dust arrester be located at cracking room side side surface upper part be provided with for blowback is carried out to described dust arrester
Blow valve port, bottom be provided with pyrolysis gas outlet.
3. system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described grain bed dust arrester is embedded in described opening.
4. system according to claim 2 it is characterised in that described heat-insulated brick wall thickness be 50-150mm, described hole
The height of band is 150-1500mm, a diameter of 1-30mm in described hole；Described grain bed dust arrester is located at pyrolysis chamber side
Top is inclined design, and the height of described grain bed dust arrester is 200-2000mm, and width is 100-500mm, described granule
Bed dust arrester is built with the high filter medium of 1mm-20mm.
5. the system according to any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that further include：Gasification furnace, described gasification
Stove one end is connected with the fuel gas inlet of described heat accumulation type radiant tube, and the other end is connected with semicoke conveyer device.
6. the system according to any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that also include：
Loading hopper；
Second feed arrangement, it is connected with described loading hopper；
Drying device, it is connected with the exhanst gas outlet on described second feed arrangement and described heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively；
Gas-solid separating device, it is connected with described drying device and described pyrolysis hopper respectively；
Exhaust gas cleaner, it is connected with described gas-solid separating device.
7. the system according to any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described pyrolysis hopper enters by described first
Material device is connected with described charging aperture；Further comprise semicoke outlet, it is arranged on the bottom of described pyrolysis chamber, described semicoke
Outlet is connected with described semicoke conveyer device.
8. system according to claim 4 it is characterised in that described filter medium be perlite, sandstone or ceramic variole
Grain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620661491.9U CN205974391U (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | From oil shale pyrolysis of dust removal type and cracking system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620661491.9U CN205974391U (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | From oil shale pyrolysis of dust removal type and cracking system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205974391U true CN205974391U (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Family
ID=58022407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620661491.9U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205974391U (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | From oil shale pyrolysis of dust removal type and cracking system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN205974391U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105925290A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-07 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Self-dust-removal type pyrolyzing and cracking system for oil shale |
| CN110878839A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | High-temperature-resistant valve |
-
2016
- 2016-06-29 CN CN201620661491.9U patent/CN205974391U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105925290A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-07 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Self-dust-removal type pyrolyzing and cracking system for oil shale |
| CN105925290B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-07-13 | 神雾科技集团股份有限公司 | One kind is from dedusting type oil shale pyrolysis and cracking system |
| CN110878839A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | High-temperature-resistant valve |
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Legal Events
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 102200 Beijing City, Changping District science and Technology Park Chang Huai Lu No. 155 Patentee after: Shenwu science and technology group Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 102200 Beijing city Changping District Machi Town cow Road No. 18 Patentee before: Beijing Shenwu Environment Energy Technology Group Co., Ltd. |
|
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: Self-dust-removal type pyrolyzing and cracking system for oil shale Effective date of registration: 20180330 Granted publication date: 20170222 Pledgee: Tianfeng securities Limited by Share Ltd Pledgor: Shenwu science and technology group Limited by Share Ltd Registration number: 2018990000247 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20170222 Effective date of abandoning: 20180713 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |