Utility model content
This utility model is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, designs and develop a kind of pyrolysis and cracking reactor, this reaction
In device integration devise pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, cracking room can be entered and carry out deep pyrolytic,
The tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, thus avoiding the problem producing pyrolysis oil dust-laden, really
The clean and effective achieving Fossil fuel utilizes.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
This utility model provides a kind of pyrolysis and cracking reactor.According to embodiment of the present utility model, this reactor
Including:Charging aperture, pyrolysis chamber, cracking room and cracking gas outlet, described charging aperture is arranged on the roof of described pyrolysis chamber, described
Cracking gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of described cracking room it is characterised in that also including:Heat accumulation type radiant tube, described heat accumulating type
Radial canal along described reactor short transverse multi-tier arrangement inside described pyrolysis chamber and described cracking room, every layer has many
The described heat accumulation type radiant tube arranged in the horizontal direction;Heat-insulated brick wall, it is laterally wide that described heat-insulated brick wall is arranged on described reactor
At the 2/3 of degree, vertically through in described reactor, the inner space of described reactor is separated into described pyrolysis chamber and institute
State cracking room;Communication member, described communication member is arranged on the bottom of heat-insulated brick wall, for the oil producing described pyrolysis chamber
Gas, by described communication member, is passed into described cracking room.
Inventor finds, the system structure of the reactor according to this utility model embodiment is simple, easy to operate, pyrolysis chamber
The oil gas producing, can enter cracking room and carry out deep pyrolytic, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbon of small molecule
Class, this reactor can produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, thus avoiding the problem producing pyrolysis oil dust-laden, is truly realized fossil combustion
The clean and effective of material utilizes.Additionally, two kinds of operations can be carried out in a body of heater, unite two into one, save construction cost and take up an area face
Long-pending, and, this reactor employs heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique without gas, solid heat carrier heating, improves reactor
System process is simplified while the thermal efficiency.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described communication member is the multiple hole of inclusion being arranged on described heat-insulated brick wall
Pore area.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described communication member is on described heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at bottom
The opening of position.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the thickness of described heat-insulated brick wall is 5-15cm.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the height of described pore area is 3-15cm.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, a diameter of 1-3cm in described hole.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the height of described opening is 3-15cm.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, hopper is connected with described charging aperture by feed arrangement.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, further include that semicoke exports, described semicoke outlet is arranged on described pyrolysis
The bottom of room, described semicoke outlet is connected with described semicoke conveyer device.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1)Reactor is divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, and can carry out deep pyrolytic in cracking room, greatly
The tar molecules of molecule are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, fuel gas yield is high, it is to avoid the problem of pyrolysis oil dust-laden, very
The clean and effective just achieving Fossil fuel utilizes.
2)Two kinds of operations can be carried out in one body of heater, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space.
3)Pyrolysis gas calorific value is high, quality better.
4)Take heat accumulation type radiant tube heat supply, response system structure is simple, easy to operate, uniformity of temperature profile, heating effect
Really good.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical solution of the utility model, with reference to specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, is only used for explaining that this practicality is new
Type, and it is not intended that to restriction of the present utility model.Unreceipted particular technique or condition in embodiment, according in the art
The technology described by document or condition or carry out according to product description.
According to one side of the present utility model, this utility model provides a kind of thermal storage type moving bed pyrolysis and cracking is anti-
Answer device, Fig. 1 is the structure chart of this pyrolysis and cracking reactor, as shown in figure 1, reactor includes charging aperture 320, pyrolysis chamber 3, splits
Solution room 4, cracking gas outlet 310, heat accumulation type radiant tube 340, heat-insulated brick wall 5 and communication member 510, wherein, described charging aperture sets
Put on the roof of described pyrolysis chamber, described cracking gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of described cracking room, and described heat-insulated brick wall erects
Directly through in reactor, the inner space of reactor is separated into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, described communication member is arranged on
On described heat-insulated brick wall, pyrolysis chamber is connected it is preferred that described communication member is arranged on the bottom of heat-insulated brick wall with cracking room,
The oil gas that pyrolysis chamber is produced, by communication member, is passed into cracking room.
Inventor finds, this system structure setting reactor according to this utility model embodiment is simply, easy to operate, hot
The oil gas that solution room produces, can enter cracking room and carry out deep pyrolytic, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gas of small molecule
State hydro carbons, this reactor can produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, thus avoiding the problem producing pyrolysis oil dust-laden, being truly realized
The clean and effective of stone fuel utilizes.Additionally, this reactor employs heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique adding without gas, solid heat carrier
Heat, simplifies system process while the thermal efficiency that improve reactor.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model it is adaptable to the concrete species of pyrolysis material of this reactor and particle diameter are not subject to
Especially limit, according to embodiment of the present utility model, be pyrolyzed material can be the Fossil fuels such as oil shale, coal or rubbish,
Mud, junked tire etc., pyrolysis material can also be pyrolyzed material for little particle for block pyrolysis material, more of the present utility model
In preferred embodiment, the pyrolysis that this reactor adopts is expected for particle diameter 20mm particles below and powdery Fossil fuel, thus, it is possible to
Make full use of little particle pyrolysis material, resource utilization is high, and can solve the problem that bulk deposition pollutes the problem of environment.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model it is adaptable to the type of furnace of this reactor is not particularly limited, can be to store
Hot type moving bed can also be other types, such as non-heat accumulating type or non-moving type etc., as long as can be by heat-insulated brick wall integration
It is divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, heat-insulated brick wall is arranged in reactor it is preferred that being located at reactor horizontal stroke
To at the 2/3 of width, the thickness of heat-insulated brick wall is 5-15cm, heat-insulated brick wall vertically through in reactor, by reactor
Inner space is separated into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, and this structure makes to be provided with pyrolysis chamber and cracking room in a body of heater, pyrolysis
The oil gas that room produces, can enter cracking room and carry out deep pyrolytic, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous state of small molecule
Hydro carbons, produces substantial amounts of cracking gas, thus avoiding the problem producing pyrolysis oil dust-laden.And, two can be carried out in a body of heater
Plant operation, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete species of communication member is not particularly limited, as long as can be by
Pyrolysis chamber connects with cracking room, thus the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber is produced is passed into cracking room.More of the present utility model
In embodiment, when Fig. 2 is in terms of the from left to right of reactor, the front view of heat-insulated brick wall, as shown in Fig. 2 communication member can be
It is arranged on the pore area in the multiple holes of inclusion on heat-insulated brick wall, under preferable case, the height of described pore area is 3-15cm, described hole
A diameter of 1-3cm.Communication member can also be on heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position, under preferable case,
The height of described opening is 3-15cm.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in figure 1, described charging aperture is arranged on the roof on pyrolysis chamber top
On, hopper 1 is connected with described charging aperture by feed arrangement 2;The concrete species of feed arrangement is not particularly limited, as long as permissible
Pyrolysis material in hopper is effectively delivered in reactor.In some embodiments of the present utility model, feed arrangement
Can be star feeder or feed screw.Thereby, it is possible to realize the Automatic Conveying to pyrolysis material, conveying capacity is controlled, and
Device structure is simple, easy to operate.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in figure 1, reactor further comprises semicoke outlet 330, institute
State the bottom that semicoke outlet is arranged on described pyrolysis chamber, described semicoke outlet is connected with described semicoke conveyer device 6.Thus, may be used
The semicoke obtaining in reactor to be conveyed using semicoke conveyer device.The concrete species of semicoke conveyer device 6 is not subject to spy
Do not limit, including but not limited to star or feed screw.Thereby, it is possible to realize the Automatic Conveying to semicoke, and conveying capacity
Controlled, device structure is simple, easy to operate.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described inside reactor has the short transverse along described reactor for the multilamellar
Be arranged in the heat accumulation type radiant tube within described pyrolysis chamber and described cracking room, every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube can include multiple that
The heat accumulation type radiant tube of this parallel and horizontally spaced distribution.According to embodiment of the present utility model, described pyrolysis chamber and
Cracking interior distributed at least one described heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively it is preferred that described at least one heat accumulation type radiant tube is equal
Even distribution.Heat accumulation type radiant tube can be heated so as to be pyrolyzed effective for the oil gas indoor to pyrolysis material and cracking
And cracking reaction, specifically, combustible gas and air can be passed through into heat accumulation type radiant tube, so that combustible gas is burnt and realize to pyrolysis
The heating function of material.This equipment adopts heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique, and without gas, the heating of solid heat carrier, pyrolysis gas will not be by
Dilution, calorific value is high, and reactor temperature is evenly distributed, and surface temperature difference is little, and exhaust gas temperature is low, and the thermal efficiency is high, improves reaction
System process is simplified, response system structure is simple, easy to operate while the thermal efficiency of device.
In described reactor, pyrolysis material moves from top to bottom, and in described reactor, the heat accumulation type radiant tube of setting is permissible
Pyrolysis material is broken up makes it be uniformly distributed, and pyrolysis material stops 1-30 minute in the reactor from top to bottom, and is heated to 500-600
℃.According to embodiment of the present utility model, the shape of heat accumulation type radiant tube is not particularly limited, in some realities of the present utility model
Apply in example, can be cylinder, thus be conducive to being pyrolyzed breaing up of material, realize uniform point in the reactor of mixed pyrolysis material
Dissipate.The level interval of radial canal is 200-500mm, and vertical interval is 200-700mm, and the radial canal number of plies is 10-25 layer, reactor
Width is 2-6m, and height for reactor is 3-20m.In addition, heat accumulation type radiant tube can be the unidirectional heat accumulating type radiation being evenly arranged
Pipe, the temperature of tube wall can control in 450-1000 DEG C of scope by gas control valve, and heat accumulation type radiant tube can be taken periodically
The combustion system of commutation, so that the surface temperature difference of single heat accumulation type radiant tube only has 30 DEG C about, does not have area of localized hyperthermia, by
This, be conducive to improving the thermal efficiency.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described reactor is provided with fuel gas inlet 7, air intake 9 and flue gas
Outlet 8, wherein, fuel gas inlet and exhanst gas outlet are connected with heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, are respectively used to be passed through combustible gas and discharge
Flue gas, air intake is connected with source of the gas 10 and heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, and the air for producing source of the gas is passed through heat accumulating type spoke
Penetrate in pipe.
In other side of the present utility model, this utility model provides one kind to be carried out using foregoing reactor
Pyrolysis and the method for cracking.According to embodiment of the present utility model, the method may comprise steps of:
A. pyrolysis material is added in described reactor by the charging aperture on reactor top, in the pyrolysis of described reactor
Pyrolytic process is completed in room.Wherein, described pyrolysis material is added to reactor from the charging aperture on reactor top, and by reactor
Interior heat accumulation type radiant tube is broken up, and pyrolysis char is discharged from the semicoke outlet of reactor bottom, and through semicoke conveyer device(Preferably
Conveying worm)Discharge.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the concrete species of pyrolysis material and particle diameter are not particularly limited, and pyrolysis material is permissible
It is the Fossil fuels such as oil shale, coal or rubbish, mud, junked tire etc., pyrolysis material can also may be used for block pyrolysis material
Think little particle pyrolysis material, in some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the pyrolysis that this reactor adopts is expected for particle diameter
20mm particles below and powdery Fossil fuel, thus, it is possible to make full use of little particle pyrolysis material, resource utilization is high, and energy
Enough solve the problems, such as bulk deposition pollution environment.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, in the pyrolysis chamber of reactor, the heat accumulation type radiant tube of setting can be by pyrolysis material
Break up and so that it is uniformly distributed, pyrolysis material stops 1-30 minute in the reactor from top to bottom, and pyrolysis material is by reactor pyrolysis chamber
Heat accumulation type radiant tube be heated to 500-600 DEG C, specifically, can by gas valve control heat accumulation type radiant tube tube wall temperature
For 450-750 DEG C, pyrolysis material is heated to rapidly 500-600 DEG C in the reactor, completes pyrolytic process.
B. it is pyrolyzed the oil gas of generation, by the communication member of setting on the heat-insulated brick wall of described reactor, enter into described anti-
Answer the cracking room of device.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, heat-insulated brick wall is arranged in reactor it is preferred that to be located at reactor laterally wide
At the 2/3 of degree, the thickness of heat-insulated brick wall is 5-15cm, heat-insulated brick wall vertically through in reactor, by the inside of reactor
Space is separated into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, and this structure makes to be provided with pyrolysis chamber and cracking room in a body of heater, and is produced from pyrolysis chamber
Raw oil gas, can enter cracking room and carry out deep pyrolytic, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule.
Thus, two kinds of operations can be carried out in a body of heater, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space.According to this utility model
Embodiment, communication member can be the inclusion pore area in multiple holes being arranged on heat-insulated brick wall or heat-insulated brick wall is indulged
To in length, positioned at the opening of lower position.Specifically, the oil gas that pyrolysis produces, by the hole of reactor heat-insulated brick wall bottom
Band or opening, enter into cracking room.
C. the oil gas being pyrolyzed generation completes thermal cracking processes in described cracking interior, produces cracking gas.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described cracking interior distributed at least one described heat accumulation type radiant tube, excellent
Choosing, described at least one heat accumulation type radiant tube is uniformly distributed.Heat accumulation type radiant tube can be effective for the oil indoor to cracking
Gas is heated so as to be carried out cracking reaction.Specifically, pyrolysis oil gas is heated by the heat accumulation type radiant tube in reactor cracking room
To 650-900 DEG C, specifically, can be 450-1000 DEG C by the temperature that gas valve controls heat accumulation type radiant tube tube wall, pyrolysis
Material is heated to rapidly 650-900 DEG C in the reactor, completes thermal cracking processes, thus, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into
The gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, produces substantial amounts of cracking gas, it is to avoid the problem of pyrolysis oil dust-laden, is truly realized Fossil fuel
Clean and effective utilizes.
D. described cracking gas is exported by cracking gas and discharges.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, cracking gas outlet is arranged on the side wall on reactor cracking room top, and it can
To be connected with outside gas treatment and collection device(Not shown), such as spray column, fuel cartridge etc..For purifying and collecting cracking
Gas, to prepare LNG or LPG.
Inventor finds, the oil gas being produced according to the method for this utility model embodiment, pyrolysis chamber, can enter cracking
Room carries out deep pyrolytic, the tar molecules of macromole is cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, and this reactor can produce substantial amounts of
Cracking gas, thus avoiding the problem producing pyrolysis oil dust-laden, the clean and effective being truly realized Fossil fuel utilizes, meanwhile,
Two kinds of operations can be carried out in one body of heater, unite two into one, save construction cost and floor space.
Using thermal storage type moving bed pyrolysis and cracking reactor, Korea's oil shale is processed, the basic data of raw material is shown in
Table 1.
Table 1:Korea's oil shale basic data
Using this reactor for treatment Korea oil shale, the gas products yield obtaining is 16%, far above laboratory aluminum rice steamer heat
Factor of created gase obtained by solution, pyrolytic tar almost all is cracked into gaseous products, and factor of created gase is high.Cracking gas calorific value is up to
5000kcal/m3, quality is high.
It is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose in description of the present utility model, and
It is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define
The feature of " first ", " second " can be expressed or implicitly include one or more this feature.
In this utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " Gu
Fixed " etc. term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integral;Can be
It is mechanically connected or electrically connect;Can be to be joined directly together it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two
The connection of element internal or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can basis
Concrete condition understands concrete meaning in this utility model for the above-mentioned term.
In this utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score
Can be the first and second feature directly contacts, or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.And, first is special
Levy second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only
Represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " permissible
Be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or be merely representative of fisrt feature level height and be less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy describing with reference to this embodiment or example
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, the schematic table to above-mentioned term
State that be not necessarily referring to is identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be
Combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or example.Additionally, in the case of not conflicting, this area
Technical staff the feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be entered
Row combines and combines.
Although of the present utility model embodiment has been shown and described above it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is
Exemplary it is impossible to be interpreted as that those of ordinary skill in the art is in scope of the present utility model to restriction of the present utility model
Interior above-described embodiment can be changed, change, replacing and modification, simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the application, all will change in specific embodiments and applications.