CN206051934U - One kind is from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system - Google Patents
One kind is from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system Download PDFInfo
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- CN206051934U CN206051934U CN201620662019.7U CN201620662019U CN206051934U CN 206051934 U CN206051934 U CN 206051934U CN 201620662019 U CN201620662019 U CN 201620662019U CN 206051934 U CN206051934 U CN 206051934U
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Abstract
This utility model belongs to refuse pyrolysis technical field, mainly a kind of from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, for producing cleaning combustible gas.This utility model is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, one kind is designed and is developed from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, the response system can be pyrolyzed and be cracked two kinds of operations, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, into grain bed dedusting, after grain bed dust arrester dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room carries out deep pyrolytic, reduce rear end dedusting pressure, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, the reactor can produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, so as to avoid the problem that production pyrolysis oil is difficult by, real realizes rubbish processing to be harmless He bioxin zero-emission, turn waste into wealth, meet and solve the technical need of China's comprehensive garbage disposal.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to refuse pyrolysis technical field, mainly a kind of from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system,
For producing cleaning combustible gas.
Background technology
With the acceleration of China's modernization, domestic waste has become fast-developing one of restriction green city
Individual key factor.At present, treatment of urban garbage mode in countries in the world mainly includes sanitary landfills, burning, compost, pyrolysis and rubbish
Rubbish integrated treatment etc..And the related refuse classification of China, rubbish comprehensive utilization technique are delayed, the main processing ways of current rubbish
Based on sanitary landfills, supplemented by the mode such as burning, compost.Also, with scientific and technological progress and the enhancing of environmental consciousness, " burning method "
Destruction and threaten the healthy more and more recognized of the mankind to arrive that " landfill method " is brought to environment.At present,
Refuse pyrolysis treatment technology mainly has coupling fluidized bed pyrolytic process, the continuous burning process of horizontal rubbish etc..At refuse pyrolysis
Reason technology refer to by rubbish anaerobic or anoxia in the state of heat, be allowed to decompose.In pyrolytic process, its intermediate product becomes
To in the change that polarises：It is a kind of be from macromolecular cleavage be the cracking process of small molecule, another kind be that small molecule is polymerized to big point
The polycondensation process of son.In the cold drying stage, in rubbish, the moisture of contained outer water and capillary structure absorption is initially heated steaming
Send out, secondly the constitution water decomposes in material.With the evaporation and the rising of pyrogenation and carbonization temperature of moisture, refuse pyrolysis are entered
The dry distilling stage.Mainly there is the reactions such as the precipitation of internal water and CO2, deoxidation, desulfurization in the dry distilling stage.As China's refuse classification is arranged
Imperfection is applied, rubbish composition complex itself is caused, often containing food waste thing, plastics, old and useless battery, circuit board etc..Simultaneously
It was found that the tar ingredients also complex that refuse pyrolysis are produced, component analyses are found in tar containing material in hundreds of, including
Various organic acid, phenols, ketone, aldehydes, PAHs etc., wherein chlorine element and heavy metal element are generally higher, and water content is about
20%, calorific value about 13 ~ 18MJ/Kg, while causing stench because of sulfide content height, comprehensive utilization difficulty is big.Factors are caused
China's refuse pyrolysis, rubbish comprehensive utilization technique are difficult to obtain important breakthrough.Therefore, how to design a kind of efficiently production cleaning can
Combustion gas becomes the problem of this area urgent need to resolve.
Utility model content
This utility model is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, designs and develop one kind from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system
System, the response system can be pyrolyzed and be cracked two kinds of operations, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, into grain bed dedusting, process
After grain bed dust arrester dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room carries out deep pyrolytic, reduces rear end dedusting pressure, will be big
The tar molecules of molecule are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, and the reactor can produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, so as to avoid life
The problem that pyrolysis oil is difficult by is produced, real realizes rubbish processing to be harmless and bioxin zero-emission, turns waste into wealth, met
With the technical need for solving China's comprehensive garbage disposal.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：
This utility model provides one kind from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, according to enforcement of the present utility model
Example, the system include：Hopper；
Feeder, the feeder are connected with the hopper；
Pyrolysis and cracking reactor, including：The outlet of charging aperture, pyrolysis chamber, cracking room and cracking gas, the charging aperture are arranged
On the roof of the pyrolysis chamber, the cracking gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the cracking room；And：
Heat accumulation type radiant tube, the heat accumulation type radiant tube along the reactor short transverse multi-tier arrangement in the pyrolysis
Inside room and the cracking room, per layer has many heat accumulation type radiant tubes arranged in the horizontal direction；
Heat-insulated brick wall, the heat-insulated brick wall are arranged at the 2/3 of the reactor transverse width, vertically through in described
In reactor, the inner space of the reactor is separated into into the pyrolysis chamber and the cracking room；
Communication member, the communication member are, on the heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position, to be used for
The pyrolysis chamber is connected with the cracking room；
Grain bed dust arrester, the grain bed dust arrester are fixedly connected with the opening of the heat-insulated brick wall, and
The grain bed dust arrester is located at the side of the pyrolysis chamber, and to extend horizontally and to the pyrolysis indoor, for will be described
The oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, by the grain bed dust arrester, is passed into the cracking room；
Spray column, the spray column are connected with cracking gas outlet；
Exsiccator, the exsiccator are connected with the spray column；
Fuel cartridge, the fuel cartridge are connected with the exsiccator.
Inventor has found that simple according to the system process of this utility model embodiment, easy to operate, the response system can enter
Two kinds of operations of row pyrolysis and cracking, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces are into grain bed dedusting, after grain bed dedusting, clean
Oil gas enters back into cracking room and carries out deep pyrolytic, reduces rear end dedusting pressure, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into little point
The gaseous hydrocarbons of son, produces substantial amounts of cracking gas, and so as to avoid the problem that production pyrolysis oil is difficult by, real realizes
Rubbish processing to be harmless and bioxin zero-emission, turn waste into wealth, and meet and solve the technical need of China's comprehensive garbage disposal.
Meanwhile, the reactor employs heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique without the need for gas, solid heat carrier heating, improves the thermal effect of reactor
System process is simplified while rate.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the grain bed dust arrester is located on the side of pyrolysis chamber side and arranges tool
There is the pore area in multiple holes, the grain bed dust arrester is located at the bottom surface of pyrolysis chamber side and is provided with dust outlet, and described
Grain bed dust arrester be located at cracking room side side surface upper part be provided with for the dust arrester is carried out blowback blow valve port,
Bottom is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the grain bed dust arrester is embedded in the opening；The grain bed
It is inclined design that dust arrester is located at the top of pyrolysis chamber side.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the thickness of the heat-insulated brick wall is 50-150mm；The grain bed dedusting dress
The height put is 200-2000mm, and width is 100-500mm.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, also including compression dehydrator, the compression dehydrator is connected with the hopper；
Gasification furnace, the gasification furnace are connected with the fuel gas inlet and semicoke conveyer device of the heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively；Waste heat boiler,
The waste heat boiler is connected with the exhanst gas outlet of the heat accumulation type radiant tube；Combustion gas air-introduced machine, wherein, the combustion gas air-introduced machine
One end is connected with the outlet of the spray column, and the other end is connected with the fuel cartridge import.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the height of the pore area is 150-1500mm, a diameter of 1- in the hole
30mm。
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the grain bed dust arrester is built with 1mm-20mm high filter medium；
The filter medium is perlite, sandstone or spherical ceramic particles.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the hopper is connected with the charging aperture by the feeder；And also
Export including semicoke, the semicoke outlet is arranged on the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, the semicoke outlet is filled with semicoke conveying
Put connection.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
1）The descending bed process of heat accumulation type radiant tube is taken to heat the rubbish of below 10mm, uniformity of temperature profile, heats
Good, response system simple structure is easy to operate.
2）Reactor is divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, and the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces can carry out deep pyrolytic in cracking room, greatly
The tar molecules of molecule are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule.
3）The response system can produce substantial amounts of cracking gas product, it is to avoid the problem that pyrolysis oil is difficult by, real real
The harmless treatment of rubbish is showed, has turned waste into wealth.
4）Temperature garbage is pyrolyzed, and realizes bioxin zero-emission；
5）Two kinds of operations can be carried out in one body of heater, is united two into one, save construction cost and floor space.
6）Grain bed cleaner unit is provided with pyrolysis chamber's oil gas vent, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces is filled through grain bed dedusting
After putting dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room carries out deep pyrolytic, reduces rear end dedusting pressure, generates clean gas
Body.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is this utility model from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and the structure chart of cracking system.
Fig. 2 is structure of reactor figure of this utility model from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system.
Fig. 3 is provided with the front view of the heat-insulated brick wall of grain bed dust arrester for this utility model.
Structure charts of the Fig. 4 for this utility model grain bed dust arrester.
Wherein, 1. compress dehydrator；2. hopper；3. feeder；4. heat accumulating type descending-bed reactor；410. cracking gases go out
Mouthful；411. exhanst gas outlet；420. charging aperture；421. air intake；422. fuel gas inlet；430. semicokes are exported；440. cracking room；
450. pyrolysis chamber；460. communication member；470. heat-insulated brick walls；480. heat accumulation type radiant tube；5. spray column；6. exsiccator；7. fire
Gas air-introduced machine；8. fuel cartridge；9. gasification furnace；10. conveying worm；11. waste heat boilers；12nd, grain bed dust arrester；121st, blow
Sweep mouth；122nd, pyrolysis gas outlet；123rd, dust outlet；124th, pore area.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical solution of the utility model, with reference to specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, is only used for explaining that this practicality is new
Type, and it is not intended that to restriction of the present utility model.Unreceipted particular technique or condition in embodiment, according in the art
Document described by technology or condition or carry out according to product description.
According to one side of the present utility model, this utility model provides a kind of refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, and Fig. 1 is
The structure chart of refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, as shown in figure 1, the system includes hopper 2, feeder 3, the hopper 2 and described
Feeder 3 connects；Pyrolysis and cracking reactor 4, the pyrolysis and cracking reactor 4 include：Charging aperture 420, pyrolysis chamber 450,
The outlet 410, heat accumulation type radiant tube 480 of cracking room 440, cracking gas, heat-insulated brick wall 470, communication member 460 and grain bed dedusting dress
12 are put, wherein, the charging aperture is arranged on the roof of the pyrolysis chamber, and the cracking gas outlet is arranged on the cracking room
On the wall of side, the inner space of the reactor is separated into described by the heat-insulated brick wall vertically through in the reactor
Pyrolysis chamber and the cracking room, the communication member are arranged on the heat-insulated brick wall, pyrolysis chamber are connected with cracking room, preferably
, the communication member is arranged on the bottom of the heat-insulated brick wall, for the oil gas for producing the pyrolysis chamber, by the company
Logical component, is passed into the cracking room；Spray column 5, the spray column are connected with cracking gas outlet；Exsiccator 6, it is described dry
Dry device is connected with the spray column；Fuel cartridge 8, the fuel cartridge are connected with the exsiccator.Grain bed dust arrester, described
Grain bed dust arrester is fixedly connected with the opening of the heat-insulated brick wall.
Inventor has found that simple according to the system process of this utility model embodiment, easy to operate, the response system can enter
Two kinds of operations of row pyrolysis and cracking, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, into grain bed dust arrester, are removed through grain bed dust arrester
After dirt, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room carries out deep pyrolytic, reduces rear end dedusting pressure, by the tar molecules of macromole
The gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule is cracked into, substantial amounts of cracking gas is produced, so as to avoid the problem that production pyrolysis oil is difficult by, very
Positive realizes rubbish processing to be harmless and bioxin zero-emission, turns waste into wealth, meets and solve China's comprehensive garbage disposal
Technical need.Meanwhile, the reactor employs heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique without the need for gas, solid heat carrier heating, improves
System process is simplified while the thermal efficiency of reactor.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, it is adaptable to the concrete particle diameter of the rubbish of the refuse pyrolysis and cracking system
It is not particularly limited, according to embodiment of the present utility model, rubbish can also can be little particle for bulk, in this utility model
Some preferred embodiments in, the granularity of the granulated garbage that the reactor is adopted is for below 10mm, thus, it is possible to make full use of little
Granule rubbish, resource utilization are high, and can solve the problem that bulk deposition pollutes the problem of environment.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, it is adaptable to which the type of furnace of the reactor 4 of the system is not especially limited
System, can be that heat accumulating type down-flow fluidized bed using ECT is pyrolyzed and cracking reactor 4 can also be other types, such as non-heat accumulating type or non-moving type
Deng as long as pyrolysis chamber and cracking room can be divided into by the integration of heat-insulated brick wall.Some are preferred of the present utility model
In embodiment, the reactor 4 adopts heat accumulating type descending-bed reactor 4.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, Fig. 2 is pyrolysis and the cracking reaction of the refuse pyrolysis and cracking system
Device structure chart, as shown in Fig. 2 the heat-insulated brick wall is arranged in reactor, it is preferred that positioned at the 2/3 of reactor transverse width
Place, the thickness of heat-insulated brick wall is 50-150mm.The inner space of reactor is divided by heat-insulated brick wall vertically through in reactor
Pyrolysis chamber and cracking room are divided into, the structure causes pyrolysis chamber and cracking room are provided with a body of heater, are pyrolyzed the oil gas for producing,
Into grain bed dust arrester, after filtering dust collecting, clean oil gas enters into cracking room to oil gas, reduces removing for subsequent technique
The tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule by dirt pressure, produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, so as to avoid life
Produce the problem of pyrolysis oil dust-laden.Also, two kinds of operations can be carried out in a body of heater, is united two into one, save construction cost and occupation of land
Area.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete species of the communication member 460 is not particularly limited, as long as
Pyrolysis chamber can be connected with cracking room, so as to the oil gas for producing pyrolysis chamber is passed into cracking room.In this utility model
Some embodiments in, Fig. 2 is pyrolysis and the cracking reactor structure chart of the refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, as shown in Fig. 2 should
Reactor also includes communication member, and communication member can be on insulating brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, Fig. 2 is pyrolysis and the cracking reaction of the refuse pyrolysis and cracking system
Device structure chart, as shown in Fig. 2 the reactor also includes grain bed dust arrester 12, the grain bed dust arrester is located at described
The side of pyrolysis chamber extends horizontally and to the pyrolysis interior, for the oil gas for producing the pyrolysis chamber, by described
Grain bed dust arrester, is passed into the cracking room.In some embodiments of the present utility model, Fig. 3 is from a left side for reactor
When eyeing right, the front view of heat-insulated brick wall, as shown in figure 3, the grain bed dust arrester with open described in the heat-insulated brick wall
Mouth is fixedly connected.Preferably, the grain bed dust arrester is embedded in the communication member at the opening.Also, described
Grain bed dust arrester is located on the side of pyrolysis chamber side and arranges the pore area 124 with multiple holes.Preferably, the height of the pore area
Spend for 150-1500mm, a diameter of 1-30mm in the hole.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete structure of the grain bed dust arrester is not particularly limited,
As long as dust removal process can be carried out to the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces.In some embodiments of the present utility model, Fig. 4 is this
The structure chart of utility model grain bed dust arrester, as shown in figure 4, the grain bed dust arrester is located at the bottom of pyrolysis chamber side
Face is provided with dust outlet 123, and side surface upper part of the grain bed dust arrester positioned at cracking room side is provided with for right
The dust arrester carries out the blow valve port 121, bottom of blowback and is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet 122.Preferably, the grain bed dedusting
It is inclined design that device is located at the top of pyrolysis chamber side, is easy to be pyrolyzed material whereabouts；Preferably, the grain bed dust arrester
Height be 200-2000mm, width is 100-500mm.In some embodiments of the present utility model, the oil gas for producing is pyrolyzed,
By the grain bed dust arrester being fixedly connected with the heat-insulated brick wall lower openings of reactor, dust removal process is carried out in pore area
Afterwards, the pyrolysis gas of cleaning are obtained, Jing pyrolysis gas outlets enter into cracking room.When plant running for a period of time after, can be by nitrogen
Being passed through blow valve port carries out blowback to grain bed dust arrester, it is ensured that the dust removing effects of grain bed, and the dust that blowback goes out is from grain bed
Dust arrester lower left dust outlet or left hole band are discharged, and fall into pyrolysis chamber, are discharged by cold slag spiral.Thus, pyrolysis chamber
The oil gas of generation, into grain bed dust arrester, after dedusting, obtains the oil gas of cleaning, so as to reduce rear end dedusting pressure
Power.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the concrete species and chi of filter medium in the grain bed dust arrester
It is very little to be not particularly limited, as long as dust removal process can effectively be carried out to the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces.In this utility model
Some embodiments in, Fig. 4 for this utility model grain bed dust arrester structure chart, as shown in figure 4, the grain bed dedusting
Filter medium can be housed in device, it is preferred that the filter medium can be the filter medium of high 1mm-20mm, preferred Margarita
Rock, sandstone, spherical ceramic particles etc..
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in figure 1, the charging aperture is arranged on the roof on pyrolysis chamber top
On, hopper is connected with the charging aperture by feeder.According to embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, the system can be with
Further include：Compression dehydrator 1, hopper and feeder, the outlet of the compression dehydrator are connected with the entrance of the hopper,
The outlet of the hopper is connected with the entrance of the feeder, and the outlet of the feeder is connected with the charging aperture.According to this
The embodiment of utility model, the concrete species for compressing dehydrator are not particularly limited, as long as can be by the organic waste after screening
Processed is carried out effectively.According to embodiment of the present utility model, the concrete species of feeder is not particularly limited, only
Granulated garbage in hopper can be effectively delivered in reactor.In some embodiments of the present utility model,
Feeder can be star feeder or feed screw, and under preferable case, feeder can be feed screw.Thus, energy
The Automatic Conveying to hot feed is enough realized, conveying capacity is controllable, and device structure is simple, it is easy to operate.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as shown in figure 1, the reactor further comprises semicoke outlet
430, the semicoke outlet is arranged on the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, and the semicoke outlet is connected with the semicoke conveyer device 10.
Thus, it is possible to the semicoke obtained in reactor be conveyed using semicoke conveyer device.The concrete species of semicoke conveyer device
It is not particularly limited, including but not limited to star or conveying worm 10.Thereby, it is possible to realize the Automatic Conveying to semicoke,
And conveying capacity is controllable, device structure is simple, easy to operate.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, with reference to Fig. 2, the inside reactor is disposed with multilamellar along the reactor
Short transverse be arranged in the pyrolysis chamber and the cracking room inside heat accumulation type radiant tube, every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube can wrap
Include the heat accumulation type radiant tube of multiple parallel to each other and horizontally spaced distribution.It is according to embodiment of the present utility model, described
Pyrolysis chamber and cracking interior distributed at least one heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, it is preferred that at least one heat accumulating type
Radial canal is uniformly distributed.Heat accumulation type radiant tube can be heated effective for the oil gas indoor to pyrolysis material and cracking so as to
It is pyrolyzed and cracking reaction, specifically, combustible gas and air can be passed through into heat accumulation type radiant tube, makes combustible gas burn real
Now to pyrolysis material and the heating function of the oil gas for cracking interior.The reactor adopt heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique, without the need for gas,
Gu heat carrier is heated, pyrolysis gas will not be diluted, and calorific value is high, and reactor temperature is evenly distributed, and surface temperature difference is little, smoke evacuation temperature
Degree is low, and the thermal efficiency is high, and system process, response system simple structure, operation are simplified while the thermal efficiency that improve reactor
It is convenient.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, in the pyrolysis chamber of the reactor, pyrolysis material is moved from top to bottom, described
Pyrolysis material can be broken up by the heat accumulation type radiant tube arranged in reactor is uniformly distributed which.According to enforcement of the present utility model
Example, the shape of heat accumulation type radiant tube is not particularly limited, and in some embodiments of the present utility model, can be cylinder, by
This is conducive to being pyrolyzed breaing up for material, realizes that mixed pyrolysis material is dispersed in pyrolysis chamber.The level interval of radial canal is
200-500mm, vertical interval is 200-700mm, and the radial canal number of plies is 10-25 layers, and reactor width is 2-6m, height for reactor
For 3-20m.In addition, heat accumulation type radiant tube can be the unidirectional heat accumulation type radiant tube being evenly arranged, tube wall temperature is adjusted using combustion gas
Section valve is controlled in 500-700 DEG C of scope, and material is stopped 1-30 minutes in the reactor from top to bottom, and is heated to 500-600 DEG C,
Complete pyrolytic process.Meanwhile, heat accumulation type radiant tube can take the combustion system of regular commutation so that single heat accumulation type radiant tube
Surface temperature difference there was only 30 degrees centigrades, thus no area of localized hyperthermia, is conducive to improving the thermal efficiency.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the reactor be provided with fuel gas inlet 422, air intake 421 and
Exhanst gas outlet 411, wherein, fuel gas inlet and exhanst gas outlet are connected with heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, are respectively used to be passed through combustible gas
With discharge flue gas, air intake is connected with source of the gas and heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, and the air for source of the gas is produced is passed through accumulation of heat
In formula radial canal.It is delivered in gasification furnace thus, it is possible to pass through fuel gas inlet and semicoke will be obtained in pyrolysis chamber, gas is carried out to semicoke
Change is processed, and to obtain combustible gas and lime-ash, the combustible gas for obtaining can be entered in heat accumulation type radiant tube by fuel gas inlet, together
When, air can be passed through using blower fan in heat accumulation type radiant tube by air intake, make combustible gas burn in pyrolysis chamber
Pyrolysis material heated.In addition, the flue gas in heat accumulation type radiant tube is transported in waste and old boiler by exhanst gas outlet, reclaim
Flue gas, makes flue gas not to be discharged in air.Thus, it is possible to sufficiently utilize semicoke, do not cause to waste, economy
It is good, also, flue gas is reclaimed, environmental pollution is not caused, environmental protection.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, the system may further include：Spray column, the spray
Tower is arranged between the cracking gas outlet of the cracking room and the exsiccator.The entrance of the spray column and the cracking room
Cracking gas outlet connection, the outlet of the spray column are connected with the entrance of the exsiccator.The concrete species of spray column is not by spy
Do not limit, as long as being capable of washing, purifying cracking gas.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, the system may further include：Exsiccator, the drying
Device is arranged between the spray column and the fuel cartridge.The entrance of the exsiccator is connected with the outlet of the spray column, institute
The outlet for stating spray column is connected with the entrance of the fuel cartridge.The concrete species of exsiccator is not particularly limited, as long as can do
Crack from dryness and vent one's spleen.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, the system may further include：Combustion gas air-introduced machine 7, its
In, the combustion gas air-introduced machine is arranged between the exsiccator and the fuel cartridge.The combustion gas air-introduced machine entrance is dry with described
The outlet connection of dry device, the combustion gas air-introduced machine outlet are connected with the fuel cartridge import.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, the system may further include：Fuel cartridge, the combustion gas
Tank is arranged on one end of the combustion gas air-introduced machine.The entrance of the fuel cartridge is connected with the outlet of the combustion gas air-introduced machine.Combustion gas
The concrete species of tank is not particularly limited, as long as cracking gas can be stored.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, the system may further include：Gasification furnace 9, the gas
Change stove to be arranged between the fuel gas inlet of the heat accumulation type radiant tube and semicoke conveyer device.The gasification furnace entrance and described half
The outlet connection of burnt conveyer device, the gasification outlet of still are connected with the fuel gas inlet of the heat accumulation type radiant tube.Gasification furnace
Concrete species is not particularly limited, as long as semicoke can be carried out gasification process, to obtain combustible gas and lime-ash, also,
The lime-ash obtained after gasification is discharged, and the combustible gas for obtaining can enter into heat accumulating type spoke by the fuel gas inlet of heat accumulation type radiant tube
Penetrate in pipe, the pyrolysis material in pyrolysis chamber is heated by combustible gas burning.Thereby, it is possible to realize carrying out sufficiently semicoke
Utilize, do not cause to waste, good economy performance.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, the system may further include：Waste heat boiler 11, it is described
Waste heat boiler is arranged on exhanst gas outlet one end of the heat accumulation type radiant tube.The entrance of the waste heat boiler and the heat accumulating type spoke
The exhanst gas outlet for penetrating pipe is connected.The concrete species of waste and old boiler is not particularly limited, as long as being capable of recovered flue gas.By
This, reclaims to flue gas, does not cause environmental pollution, environmental protection.
In other side of the present utility model, this utility model provides one kind and carries out rubbish using foregoing system
The method that rubbish is pyrolyzed and cracks.According to embodiment of the present utility model, the method is comprised the following steps：
A. granulated garbage is added in reactor by charging aperture, completes to be pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber of the reactor
Journey.Wherein, the rubbish enters feeder through hopper after compressing dehydrator processed, then from reactor top
Charging aperture is added in heat accumulating type descending-bed reactor, and is broken up by the heat accumulation type radiant tube in the reactor, pyrolysis char
Discharge from the semicoke outlet of reactor bottom, and Jing semicoke conveyer devices（Preferably conveying worm）Discharge.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, it is adaptable to the concrete particle diameter of the rubbish of the refuse pyrolysis and cracking system
It is not particularly limited, according to embodiment of the present utility model, rubbish can also can be little particle for bulk, in this utility model
Some preferred embodiments in, the granularity of the granulated garbage that the reactor is adopted is for below 10mm, thus, it is possible to make full use of little
Granule rubbish, resource utilization are high, and can solve the problem that bulk deposition pollutes the problem of environment.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, in pyrolysis chamber, granulated garbage is moved from top to bottom, is arranged in pyrolysis chamber
Granulated garbage can be broken up by heat accumulation type radiant tube is uniformly distributed which, and granulated garbage stops 1-30 in the reactor from top to bottom
Minute, granulated garbage is heated to 500-600 DEG C by the heat accumulation type radiant tube in reactor pyrolysis chamber.Specifically, can be by combustion
The temperature of Air Valve Control heat accumulation type radiant tube tube wall is in 500-700 DEG C of scope, and is heated to 500-600 DEG C, completes pyrolytic process.
B. the oil gas of generation is pyrolyzed, by the communication member arranged on the heat-insulated brick wall of the reactor, is removed into grain bed
Dirt device, after grain bed dust arrester dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into the cracking room of the reactor.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, heat-insulated brick wall is arranged in reactor, it is preferred that laterally wide positioned at reactor
At the 2/3 of degree, the thickness of heat-insulated brick wall is 50-150mm, heat-insulated brick wall vertically through in reactor, by reactor
Portion space is separated into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, and the structure causes to be provided with pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, pyrolysis chamber in a body of heater
The oil gas of generation, into grain bed dust arrester, after grain bed dust arrester dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room
Deep pyrolytic is carried out, rear end dedusting pressure is reduced, the tar molecules of macromole is cracked into into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule.By
This, can carry out two kinds of operations, unite two into one in a body of heater, save construction cost and floor space.According to of the present utility model
Embodiment, communication member can be on insulating brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position.Grain bed dust arrester, institute
The opening that grain bed dust arrester is stated with the heat-insulated brick wall is fixedly connected, and the grain bed dust arrester is positioned at described
The side of pyrolysis chamber extends horizontally and to the pyrolysis interior, for the oil gas for producing the pyrolysis chamber, by described
Grain bed dust arrester, is passed into the cracking room.Specifically, the grain bed dust arrester is located at the side of pyrolysis chamber side
Upper to arrange the pore area with multiple holes, the grain bed dust arrester is located at the bottom surface of pyrolysis chamber side and is provided with dust discharge
Mouthful, and the grain bed dust arrester be located at cracking room side side surface upper part be provided with for carrying out blowback to the dust arrester
Blow valve port, bottom be provided with pyrolysis gas outlet.Preferably, the height of the grain bed dust arrester is 200-2000mm, wide
Spend for 100-500mm, the height of the pore area is 150-1500mm, a diameter of 1-30mm in the hole；Preferably, the granule
It is inclined design that bed dust arrester is located at the top of pyrolysis chamber side, is easy to be pyrolyzed material whereabouts；Preferably, the grain bed is removed
Dirt device is built with 1mm-20mm high filter medium, preferred perlite, sandstone, spherical ceramic particles etc..Of the present utility model
In some embodiments, the oil gas for producing is pyrolyzed, by the grain bed being fixedly connected with the heat-insulated brick wall lower openings of reactor
Dust arrester, after carrying out dust removal process, obtains the pyrolysis gas of cleaning in pore area, and Jing pyrolysis gas outlets enter into cracking room.
When plant running for a period of time after, nitrogen can be passed through blow valve port carries out blowback to grain bed dust arrester, it is ensured that grain bed
Dust removing effects, the dust that blowback goes out are discharged from grain bed dust arrester lower left dust outlet or left hole band, fall into pyrolysis
Room, is discharged by cold slag spiral.Thus, the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, into grain bed dust arrester, after dedusting, obtains clean
Net oil gas, so as to reduce the dedusting pressure of subsequent technique.
C. the clean oil gas completes thermal cracking processes in the cracking interior, produces cracking gas.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the cracking interior distributed at least one heat accumulation type radiant tube, it is preferred that
At least one heat accumulation type radiant tube is uniformly distributed.Heat accumulation type radiant tube can be carried out effective for the oil gas indoor to cracking
Heating so as to carry out cracking reaction.In some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, clean oil gas is by reactor cracking room
In heat accumulation type radiant tube be heated to 650-900 DEG C, specifically, can by gas valve control heat accumulation type radiant tube tube wall temperature
Spend for 650-900 DEG C, clean oil gas is heated to rapidly 650-900 DEG C in the reactor, completes thermal cracking processes, thus,
The tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, it is to avoid production pyrolysis oil is difficult to
The problem for utilizing, is truly realized the harmless treatment and bioxin zero-emission of rubbish, turns waste into wealth.Thus, it is real to realize
The clean and effective of rubbish is utilized.
D. the cracking gas is entered in spray column by cracking gas outlet, carries out purified treatment to the cracking gas.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, what is be connected with cracking gas outlet is spray column, described spray column be for
Cracking gas is exported the cracking gas discharged carries out washing, purifying process.Specifically, cracking gas enters spray by cracking gas outlet
Tower, carries out washing, purifying process, the net cracking gas after being purified, so as to avoid the problem of production pyrolysis oil dust-laden, really
The clean and effective for realizing rubbish is utilized.
E. purified net cracking gas is entered in exsiccator, is dried process to the net cracking gas.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, what is be connected with spray column also has exsiccator, and the exsiccator is for being dried
Net cracking gas after purification, the net cracking gas after purification are dried process into exsiccator, obtain dry cracking gas.
F. dried cracking gas Jing combustion gas air-introduced machine is entered in fuel cartridge, is stored.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, what is be connected with exsiccator also has fuel cartridge, and the fuel cartridge is for storing
Cracking gas, dried cracking gas Jing combustion gas air-introduced machine sends into fuel cartridge, is stored.
Embodiment one：
（1）The rubbish of granularity≤10mm is crushed to after rejecting and being difficult the material that be pyrolyzed or can not be pyrolyzed, into pressure
In contracting dehydrator 1, during the rubbish after compression dehydration sends into hopper 2, Jing feeders 3 enter heat accumulating type descending-bed reactor 4, descending
Bed reactor 4 is divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room by heat-insulated brick wall.
（2）Unidirectional heat accumulation type radiant tube is evenly arranged in pyrolysis chamber, tube wall temperature is controlled using gas control valve
500-700 DEG C of scope, rubbish are stopped 1-30 minutes in the reactor from top to bottom, and are heated to 500-600 DEG C, complete to be pyrolyzed
Journey.
（3）The oil gas that pyrolysis is produced, by the opening of the heat-insulated brick wall of reactor lower part, into grain bed dust arrester, Jing
After crossing grain bed dust arrester dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room, and unidirectional heat accumulating type has been evenly arranged in cracking room
Radial canal, tube wall temperature are controlled in 650-900 DEG C of scope using gas control valve, and pyrolysis oil gas is heated in cracking interior
650-900 DEG C, thermal cracking processes are completed, the tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, produce substantial amounts of splitting
Vent one's spleen, it is to avoid the problem that pyrolysis oil is difficult by, be truly realized the harmless treatment and bioxin zero-emission of rubbish, become
Waste be changed into values.
（4）Cracking gas enters dry by reactor outlet, the washing, purifying in spray column 5, the net cracking gas after washing
Process is dried in dry device 6, dried cracking gas Jing combustion gas blower fan 7 sends into fuel cartridge 8, can be used to produce artificial natural gas
Deng product.
（5）The semicoke that refuse pyrolysis are produced, sends into gasification furnace 9 by conveying worm 10, and gasification gas can be supplied to radial canal
Burning, the lime-ash after gasification are discharged.
（6）The flue gas that heat accumulation type radiant tube burning is produced, reclaims heat into waste heat boiler 11, produces high-quality steam.
Inventor has found, simple according to the system structure of this utility model embodiment, easy to operate, uniformity of temperature profile,
Heats are good.Reactor is divided into pyrolysis chamber and cracking room, and the oil gas that pyrolysis chamber produces, into grain bed dust arrester, is passed through
After grain bed dust arrester dedusting, clean oil gas enters back into cracking room carries out deep pyrolytic, reduces rear end dedusting pressure, will
The tar molecules of macromole are cracked into the gaseous hydrocarbons of small molecule, produce substantial amounts of cracking gas, so as to avoid production pyrolysis oil
The problem of dust-laden, is truly realized the harmless treatment and bioxin zero-emission of rubbish, turns waste into wealth.Also, in the system
Pyrolysis chamber and cracking room will be provided with a body of heater so that two kinds of operations can be carried out in a body of heater, is united two into one, saving is built
Cause this and floor space.Meanwhile, the reactor employs heat accumulation type radiant tube heating technique without the need for gas, solid heat carrier heating,
System process is simplified while the thermal efficiency that improve reactor.
Rubbish is processed using refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, the basic data of raw material is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：Rubbish basic data.
Certain domestic waste water content is 51%.
| Project | Fabric | Plastics | Paper | Timber | Food waste | Dregs | Glass, metal | Amount to |
| Wet basis | 4.97 | 21.35 | 17.76 | 5.98 | 21.23 | 16.63 | 12.08 | 100 |
Rubbish is processed using the response system, the gas products yield for obtaining is 40%, and pyrolytic tar almost all is cracked into
Gaseous products, factor of created gase are high.In the cracking gas of the system output, dust content is less than 1%, and gas is more cleaned.
In description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and
It is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define
The feature of " first ", " second " can be expressed or implicitly include one or more this feature.
In this utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " Gu
It is fixed " etc. term should be interpreted broadly, it is for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected or integral；Can be
It is mechanically connected, or electrically connects；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two
The connection of element internal or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can basis
Concrete condition understands concrete meaning of the above-mentioned term in this utility model.
In this utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score
Can be the first and second feature directly contacts, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, first is special
Levy second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only
Represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be with
Be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or be merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
Example ", or the description of " some examples " etc. mean specific features with reference to the embodiment or example description, structure, material or spy
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, the schematic table to above-mentioned term
State that be not necessarily referring to is identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be
Combined in any one or more embodiments or example in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of not conflicting, this area
Technical staff the feature of the different embodiments or example described in this specification and different embodiment or example can be entered
Row is combined and is combined.
Although embodiment of the present utility model has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is
Exemplary, it is impossible to it is interpreted as to restriction of the present utility model, one of ordinary skill in the art is in scope of the present utility model
It is interior above-described embodiment to be changed, be changed, being replaced and modification, simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the application, will change in specific embodiments and applications.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system, it is characterised in that include：
Hopper；
Feeder, the feeder are connected with the hopper；
Pyrolysis and cracking reactor, including：The outlet of charging aperture, pyrolysis chamber, cracking room and cracking gas, the charging aperture are arranged on institute
State on the roof of pyrolysis chamber, the cracking gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the cracking room；And：
Heat accumulation type radiant tube, the heat accumulation type radiant tube along the reactor short transverse multi-tier arrangement in the pyrolysis chamber and
Inside the cracking room, per layer has many heat accumulation type radiant tubes arranged in the horizontal direction；
Heat-insulated brick wall, the heat-insulated brick wall are arranged at the 2/3 of the reactor transverse width, vertically through in the reaction
In device, the inner space of the reactor is separated into into the pyrolysis chamber and the cracking room；
Communication member, the communication member are on the heat-insulated brick wall longitudinal length, positioned at the opening of lower position, for by institute
State pyrolysis chamber to connect with the cracking room；
Grain bed dust arrester, the grain bed dust arrester are fixedly connected with the opening of the heat-insulated brick wall, and described
Grain bed dust arrester is located at the side of the pyrolysis chamber, and to extend horizontally and to the pyrolysis indoor, for by the pyrolysis
The oil gas that room produces, by the grain bed dust arrester, is passed into the cracking room；
Spray column, the spray column are connected with cracking gas outlet；
Exsiccator, the exsiccator are connected with the spray column；
Fuel cartridge, the fuel cartridge are connected with the exsiccator.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the grain bed dust arrester is located at the side of pyrolysis chamber side
Pore area with multiple holes is set on face, and the grain bed dust arrester is located at the bottom surface of pyrolysis chamber side and is provided with dust discharge
Mouthful, and the grain bed dust arrester be located at cracking room side side surface upper part be provided with for carrying out blowback to the dust arrester
Blow valve port, bottom be provided with pyrolysis gas outlet.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the grain bed dust arrester is embedded in the opening；
It is inclined design that the grain bed dust arrester is located at the top of pyrolysis chamber side.
4. the system according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the thickness of the heat-insulated brick wall is 50-
150mm；The height of the grain bed dust arrester is 200-2000mm, and width is 100-500mm.
5. the system according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that also including compression dehydrator, the compression
Dehydrator is connected with the hopper；Gasification furnace, gasification furnace fuel gas inlet and semicoke respectively with the heat accumulation type radiant tube
Conveyer device connects；Waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler are connected with the exhanst gas outlet of the heat accumulation type radiant tube；Combustion gas air inducing
Machine, wherein, described combustion gas air-introduced machine one end is connected with the outlet of the spray column, and the other end is connected with the fuel cartridge import.
6. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the height of the pore area is 150-1500mm, the hole
A diameter of 1-30mm.
7. the system according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the grain bed dust arrester built with
1mm-20mm high filter medium；The filter medium is perlite, sandstone or spherical ceramic particles.
8. the system according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the hopper passes through the feeder and institute
State charging aperture to be connected；And also export including semicoke, the semicoke outlet is arranged on the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, and the semicoke goes out
Mouth is connected with the semicoke conveyer device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620662019.7U CN206051934U (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | One kind is from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620662019.7U CN206051934U (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | One kind is from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206051934U true CN206051934U (en) | 2017-03-29 |
Family
ID=58372331
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620662019.7U Withdrawn - After Issue CN206051934U (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | One kind is from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206051934U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106047382A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-26 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Automatic-dust-removal refuse pyrolysis and cracking system |
-
2016
- 2016-06-29 CN CN201620662019.7U patent/CN206051934U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106047382A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-10-26 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Automatic-dust-removal refuse pyrolysis and cracking system |
| CN106047382B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-07-13 | 神雾科技集团股份有限公司 | One kind is from dedusting type refuse pyrolysis and cracking system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 102200 Beijing City, Changping District science and Technology Park Chang Huai Lu No. 155 Patentee after: Shenwu science and technology group Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 102200 Beijing city Changping District Machi Town cow Road No. 18 Patentee before: Beijing Shenwu Environment Energy Technology Group Co., Ltd. |
|
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: Automatic-dust-removal refuse pyrolysis and cracking system Effective date of registration: 20180330 Granted publication date: 20170329 Pledgee: Tianfeng securities Limited by Share Ltd Pledgor: Shenwu science and technology group Limited by Share Ltd Registration number: 2018990000247 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20170329 Effective date of abandoning: 20180713 |